St.
JOSEPHS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, CHENNAI- 119
St. JOSEPHS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHENNAI- 119
I-YEAR B.E./ B.TECH. ( COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES )
MATHEMATICS I (MA6151)
CYCLE TEST III (QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS)
UNIT -1 MATRICES
1.
1
If 2 is an eigen vector of
1
2 2 3
2
1 6 , find the corresponding eigen value.
1 2 0
2
3
2
Ans: (A - I)X = 0 2
1 6
1
2
2
3
x1 0 2
1 6
x 2 0 2
x 0 1
2
3
1 0
2 0
1 0
(2)(1)+2(2)+(-3)(-1) = 0 = 5.
2.
Determine so that (x2 + y2 +z2) + 2xy 2xz + 2zy is positive definite.
1 1
Ans: The matrix of the given quadratic form is A 1 1
1 1
D1 = ,
D2 =
1
2 1 ( 1)( 1) & D3 = |A| = (+1)2( -2)
1
The Quadratic form is positive definite if D1, D2 & D3> 0 > 2
3.
State Cayley Hamilton theorem.
Ans: Every square matrix satisfies its own characteristics equation.
4.
Find the sum and product of the eigen values of the matrix 1
2
0
3
2 1 3
1
Ans: Sum of the eigen values = Sum of the main diagonal elements = 1+0+3 = 4
Product of the eigen values = |A|= 13
5.
7 4 - 4
One of the eigen values of 4 8 1 is -9, Find the other two eigen values.
4 1 8
Ans: If 1 , 2be the other two eigen values, then
1 + 2 9 = 7 8 8 = 9 (since sum of the eigen values = sum of the leading diagonal elements)
1 + 2 = 0 =>1 = 2 (1)
912 = |A| = 441 ( since product of the eigen values = | A | )
12 = 49 => 1 49 (2)
2
substitute in (1) we get, 2 7
(1) => 1 7 . Hence the other two eigen values are 7 and -7.
UNIT -2 SEQUENCES & SERIES
6.
Test the convergence of
n log n
1
Ans: The series
n log n
is a positive term series decreases as n increases after n 2.
So we can apply integral test.
1
(1 / x)
dx
dx log (log x) 2
x log x
2 log x
By integral test, the series diverges.
7.
Define Monotonically increasing and Monotonically decreasing sequence with examples
Ans: A sequence { an } is said to be monotonically increasing if an an+1 , for every n
A sequence { an } is said to be monotonically decreasing if an+1 an , for every n
Eg. an = { n } is monotonically increasing
an = { n } is monotonically decreasing
8.
Define Absolute convergence.
Ans: If the series of arbitrary terms u1 u2 u3 .. un . be such that the series
u1 u2 u3 . un is convergent, then the series
convergent
9.
Test the convergence of
Ans: Let
n! 2n
nn
is said to be absolute
un
n! 2n
, u n 1
nn
(n 1)! 2(n 1)
(n 1)(n 1)
(n 1)! 2(n 1) n n
u n 1
lim
lim
n
n u n
n (n 1)(n 1)
n! 2
n n
lim 2
n n 1
n
1 2
lim 2
1
n 1 1 e
n
By Ratio Test,
10.
n! 2n
nn
converges.
Define Conditional convergence with example
Ans: If
ex: 1
1 1 1
...
2 3 4
is convergent and
| u
| is divergent, then
is said to be conditionally convergent.
UNIT III APPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS
11.
Find the centre of curvature of the curve y = x2 at the point (1,1)
Ans:
y
2
x x 1 1 y1 4;
y2
1 y 3
y y
2
y2
Centre of curvature is 4,
2
12.
Find the envelope of the family of lines
x
y
cos sin 1 , where being the parameter.
a
b
Ans: (x/a) cos + (y/b) sin =1 --------(1)
Diff. w.r.to partially, we get
(x/a) sin + (y/b) cos =0 --------(2)
2
(1) + (2)
13.
x2
(cos + sin ) +
y2
(sin2 + cos2) =1
x2
y2
b2
a2 b2
Find the curvature of the curve 2 x 2 2 y 2 5 x 2 y 1 0
a2
=1
Ans: Radius of the circle
Curvature
14.
f 2 g2 c
25 1 1
21
radius of curvature
16 4 2
4
21
Find the evolute of the curve whose centre of curvature of the curve is
x 2a 3at 2 , y 2at 3
3
2
Ans: x 2a t 6 y 27 a y 4 x 2a
3
a
2
a
Equation of the evolute is 27ay 2 4 x 2a 3
15.
For the catenary y = c cosh (x/c), find the curvature.
Ans:
x
y1 sinh ,
c
2 x
1 sinh c
1
x
cosh
c
c
1
x
y2 cosh
c
c
3/ 2
y2
c
c
y2
UNIT IV DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS OF SEVERAL VARIABLES
16.
If x y z u, y z uv , z uvw find
Ans:
y uv z uv 1 w ; x u uv u 1 v ; z uvw
x
u
( x, y , z ) y
J=
(u , v , w) u
z
u
17.
18.
x
v
y
v
z
v
x
w
1 v
u
0
y
v (1 w) u (1 w) uv = u2v
w
vw
uw
uv
z
w
If x r cos , y r sin find
Ans:
( x, y, z )
u, v , w
( x, y ) cos
(r , ) sin
(r , )
1
1
(
x
,
y
)
( x, y )
r
(r , )
If x y y x c , find
dy
dx
( r , )
( x, y)
r sin
r
r cos
y
x
Ans: Let f x, y x y c
dy
f / x
yx y 1 y x log y
y
dx
f / y
x log x xy x 1
19.
Find Taylors series expansion of exsin y near the point 1,
f (x , y) = ex sin y , f x(x , y) = ex sin y,
Ans:
f(1, ) = 1 ,
4
fx(1, ) = 1 ,
4
e 2
up to first degree terms.
4
fy(x ,y) = ex cosy
fy(1, )= 1
e 2
e 2
f(x ,y) = f(a ,b) + [(xa) f x(a ,b) + (yb) f y(a ,b)] = 1 1 ( x 1) y
4
e 2
20.
Find the maxima and minima of f(x, y) = 3x2 + y2 + 12x +36
fx= 6x +12 = 0 x = 2; fy= 2y = 0 y = 0 .
Ans:
The stationary point is (2,0).
AC B2 = 12 > 0 and A > 0 .
A = f xx = 6 ,B = f xy = 0 , C = f yy = 2,
f is minimum at (2,0) and the minimum value is f (2,0) = 24.
UNIT V MULTIPLE INTEGRALS
x2
21.
Evaluate
x2
x2
15
4
1
0
1
1
Find the area bounded by the lines x = 0, y = 1, y = x using double integration.
Ans:
22.
x dy dx .
x dy dx x y 0 dx =
1 y
Ans:
I =
dx dy
.
xy
a
b
1
dy = [logb log2] dy =
log x
y
y
2
2
b
= log
2
24.
y2
1
Area = dx dy dy dx x dy
2 0 2
R
0 0
0
Evaluate
Ans:
x3 dx
y
0
23.
logy 2 = log 2 [log a log 2]
Shade the region of integration in
a2 x2
ax x 2
b dy
log
22 y
b
= log log a
2
dx dy.
ax x 2 x2 + y2 ax 0 which is a circle
Ans: y =
with centre at ( a 2 , 0) and radius a 2
a 2 x 2 x2 + y2 = a2 which is a circle
y=
with centre at (0,0) and radius a
1
25.
Change the order of integration
2 x
f (x , y) dy dx .
Ans:
1
Given, I =
2 x
f ( x , y) dy dx
x2
After changing order of integration
y
2 2 y
f(x,y) dx dy
0 0
26.
Evaluate
(x
f(x,y) dx dy
y )dy dx over the region R for which x, y 0, x+y 1.
Ans: The region of integration is the triangle bounded by the
lines x 0, y 0 and x y 1
Limits of y : 0 to 1x ; Limits of x : 0 to 1
(x
y )dy dx =
2
y3
=
x
y
y
dydx
0
3
0
0
2
1 x
1 1 x
dx
2
(1 x)3
x
(1
x
)
dx
0
3
1
x 3 x 4 (1 x) 4
1 1 1 1
=
4
12 0 3 4 12 6
3
27.
Change the order of integration in
x a
y a2 x2
x a
y 0
Ans: I =
y a
x a 2 y2
(x 2 y 2 ) dx dy
a2 x2
(x2 y 2 )dx dy.
( x 2 y 2 ) dy d x ( Correct Form )
(after changing the order)
y 0 x a 2 y2
28.
Change the order of integration in
2 y
xy dx dy .
Ans: Given, I =
2 y
xy dx dy
After changing order of integration
1 x
2 2 x
I xy dy dx
0 0
29.
xy dy dx
Compute the area enclosed by y2 = 4x, x + y = 3 and y = 0.
Ans: Area A =
3 y
dx dy =
dx dy =
y 0 x y2 4
3 y
y2 / 4
dy
y 0
y2
y2 y3
3 y
dy 3 y
4
2 12
y 0
0
2
8
2 10
=4 =
3
12
3
=62
a
30.
Evaluate
sin
rdr d.
sin
a r 2
a sin
Ans:
rdr d =
0
0 2
31.
Evaluate
a sin2
d = 1 a sin2a
2
4
0 2
r sin 2 dr d.
5
Ans: I = sin 2 r dr
0
0
2
d = sin
r 2
d
2
0
25
2
sin d
2 0
25
sin 2
25
sin 2
25
25
=
=
0 =
1 cos 2 d =
4
2
2 0 4
4 0
4
32.
Evaluate
Ans: I =
r dr d
(r 2 a 2 )2
d r2
2 1 1
2 1
=
=
d
2
2 a 2 )2
2
2 a 2 )2
2
2
(
r
(
r
r
a
0
0
0
0
0
r dr d
1 2
1
1 1
2
=
0 2 d = 2 0 =
2a
2 0
a
4a 2
/2
33.
Evaluate
sin
r dr d .
Ans:
/2
/2
sin
r dr d
cos
34.
Evaluate
sin
/2
/2
11
r2
sin 2
1
d
0
d
sin 2 d .
2
2
2 2 2 8
2 0
0
r drd .
Ans:
I=
cos
r2
2
0
d =
2
1
1
2
2
1
cos d = 2 2 cos d =
2
2 2
4
0
0
35.
Transform the integration
dx dy into polar coordinates.
Ans: Let x = r cos and y = r sin , dxdy = r drd
dx dy
0 0
36.
r dr d
r 0
4
Compute the entire area bounded by r2 = a2 cos2.
Ans:
/ 4 a cos 2
Area A = r dr d 4
r d r d
R
0
r 0
/4
a cos 2
r2
0 2 0
d = 4
4
4 a 2 cos 2
2 sin 2
d 2 a
a2
2
2 0
37.
Transform the integration from Cartesian to polar co-ordinates
2a
x0
2ax x2
( x2 y2 )dxdy .
y 0
Ans: Let x = r cos and y = r sin,dxdy = r drd
38.
2a
2ax x 2
x 0
y 0
( x2 y 2 ) dx dy =
/2
2 a cos
r 3 dr d
Express the region bounded by x 0, y 0, z 0, x 2 y 2 z 2 1 as a triple integral.
Ans: Here z varies from 0 to 1 x 2 y 2 , y varies from 0 to 1 x 2 ,
1 1 x2
I
0 0
x varies from 0 to 1
1 x2 y2
dz dy dx
1 1 1
39.
ex y zdxdydz.
Evaluate
0 0 0
1 1 1
11
x y z dxdydz
Ans: I = e
= e1 y z e y z
0 0 0
00
z 2
dydz
2e z 1 e z dz e 3 3e 2 3e 1 e 13
4 x
40.
Evaluate
x y
0 0
4 x
Ans: I =
0 0
z dx dy dz.
x y
4xz2
z dz dy dx =
0 0 2 0
0
x
4
2
1
y
= xy
dx
20
2 0
x y
dydx =
1 4x
x y dydx
2 00
4
2
4
34 2
3 x 3
1 2 x
16
= x dx = x dx
40
4 3
20
2
0
