Types of Epithelial
Tissues
Morphology/Description
Location
Function
-single layer of flat cells
-centrally located nucleus
-lines heart, blood and lymph vessels
-air sacs of lungs
-glomerular (Bowmans) capsule of
kidneys
-inner surface of tympanic membrane
(eardrum)
-epithelial layer of serous membranes,
such as peritoneum
-filtration
-diffusion
-osmosis
-secretion of serous membranes
-single layer of non-ciliated rectangular cells
-nuclei near the base of the cells
-contains goblet cells in some locations
-contains microvilli
-lines the gastrointestinal tract from
stomach to anus
-ducts of many glands and gallbladder
-secretion and absorption
-single layer of ciliated cells
-nuclei near base of the cells
-contains goblet cells in some locations
-no microvilli
-lines a few portions of upper respiratory
tract
-uterine (Fallopian tubes)
-some paranasal sinuses
-central canal of spinal cord
-move muscles and other
substances by cilliary action
-secretion?
-2 or more cell layers
-cube-shaped/column-shaped
-ducts of adult swear and oesophageal
glands
-part of male urethra
-protection
-limited secretion
-absorption
Stratified Squamous -several layers of cells
Epithelium
-cuboidal/columnar in deep
-squamous in superficial layers
-cells from basal layer replace surface cells as they are
lost
-keratinised variety forms superficial
layer of skin
-non-keratinised variety covers wet
surfaces (mouth, tongue, oesophagus,
part of epiglottis and vagina)
-protection
Simple Squamous
Epithelium
Simple Columnar
Epithelium
Ciliated Simple
Columnar
Epithelium
Stratified
Cuboidal/Columnar
Epithelium
-not truly stratified
-nuclei of cells are at different levels
-all cells are attached to basement membrane, but not all
reach the surface
-lines the airways of most of upper
respiratory tract
-secretion and movement of
mucus by ciliary action
-appearance varies (transitional)
-shape of cells in apical (furthest from attachment) layer
ranges from squamous when stretched and cuboidal
when relaxed
-lines urinary bladder
-portions of ureters and urethra
-permits distention
-secretory products released into ducts, then surfaces,
cavities
-sweat, oil/earwax glands of skin
-digestive glands (salivary glands and
pancreas)
-produce mucus, sweat, oil,
earwax, saliva or digestive
enzymes
-secretory products (hormones) diffuse into blood after
passing through interstitial fluid
-pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroid and -produce hormones that regulate
adrenal glands
various body activities
-pancreas
-ovaries
-testes
-thymus
Psuedo-stratified
Columnar
Epithelium
Transitional
Epithelium
Glandular
Epithelium (Exocrine
gland)
Glandular
Epithelium
(Endocrine gland)
Connective Tissues
Type of
tissue
(connective)
Morphology/Description
Location
Function
-consists of fibers (collagen, elastic and reticular)
-consists of several kind of cells (fibroblasts, macrophages,
plasma cells, adipocytes and mast cells) embedded in a
semifluid ground substance
-subcutaneous layer deep to skin
-papillary (superficial) region of
dermis of skin
-lamina propria of mucous
membranes
-around blood vessels
-stretch
-elasticity
-support
-matrix looks shiny white
-consists mainly of collagen fibers arranged in bundles
-fibroblasts present in rows between bundles
-forms tendons (attach muscle to
bone)
-most ligaments (attach bone to
bone)
-aponeuroses (sheet-like tendons
that attach muscle to muscle or
muscle to bone)
-provide strong attachment between
various structures
-consists of predominantly freely branching elastic fibers
-fibroblasts present in spaces between fibers
-lung tissue, trachea, bronchial
tubes, true vocal cords, walls of
elastic arteries, suspensory pigment
of penis and ligament flava between
vertebrae
-allows stretching of various structures
Areolar
Connective
Tissue
Dense
Connective
Tissue
Elastic
Connective
Tissue
-consists of adipocytes (cell specialised to store fats) as large
centrally located droplet
-nucleus and cytoplasm peripherally located
-subcutaneous layer deep to skin
-around heart and kidneys
-yellow bone marrow
-padding around joints
-behind eyeball in eye socket
-reduces heat loss through skin
-serves as an energy reserve
-supports and protects
-brown adipose tissue in newborns
generates considerable heat to
maintain body temperature
-consists of a network of interlacing reticular fibers and
fibroblasts
-stroma (supporting framework) of
liver, spleen, lymph nodes, red bone
marrow, reticular lamina of the
basement membrane
-forms stroma of organs
-binds together smooth muscle tissue
cells
-filters and removes worn-out blood
cells in spleen and microboes in lymph
nodes
Adipose
Connective
Tissue
Reticular
Connective
Tissue
Muscle
Tissue
Nervous
TIssue
Types of Junctions
Type of Cell Junction
Tight Junction (zonula occludens)
Function
-forms seal between cells
Adherens Junction (zonula adherens)
-anchoring cells
Desmosome
Hemidesmosome
-anchoring cells
-anchoring cells
Gap Junction
-provide channels that allow ions/molecules to pass
(communication)
