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ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE
You work as a Database Administrator for PM-DB Inc. You have issued the following command to maintain a backup of the
control file:
ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE;
Which of the following will you find in the trace file after execution of the above-mentioned command?
A: Contents of the control file in text format
B: SQL script to re-create the control file
C: An image of the control file
D: Contents of the control file in binary format
Explanation: Answer option B is correct.
After the execution of the ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE; command, it generates a new SQL script that
can be used to re-create the control file.
Answer option C is incorrect. The trace file does not contain an image of the control file because it records an error message
whenever an error occurs while doing a transaction in a database. It is automatically created by Oracle.
Answer option A is incorrect. In this case the trace file does not contain the contents of the control file in text format. However, a
backup of the control file can be taken by generating a text file script that re-generates the control file when it is run as a SQL
script.
Answer option D is incorrect. The trace file in this case will not contain the contents of the control file in binary format because the
following command is issued to backup the control file in binary form:
ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO ' < destination location with file name > ; the
destination could be one such as 'c:\somewhere\controIfile'
Fact
What is a control file?
A control file is the most critical component of a database, as it stores important information that is not available in any other file.
A control file is a small binary file that records the physical structure of a database and defines its current state. A database is
mounted using a control file. A database must contain at least one control file. However, the recommended number of control
files is two or more. A database can contain up to a maximum of eight control files. However, a control file may belong to only one
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database. The information in a control file are as follows:
The name of the database
The names, locations, and sizes of data files and redo log files
Information used to recover the database in case of a disk failure or user error
Database creation date
Database ID, which is unique for every database
Archive log history
Tablespaces and data file records
Current archive log mode
Log records (SCN range)
RIVIAN backup and copy records
Block corruption information
A control file is created at the time of database creation at a location that is specified in the control file parameters in the
parameter file of the database. If a control file is corrupted, then an issue will arise regarding how to recover the database. For
this reason, most production databases multiplex their control files
to enable Oracle to write multiple copies of a control file to many locations, all on different disks. Oracle 10g uses the CKPT
background process to automatically update each of the control files as needed, keeping the contents of all copies of the control
file always synchronized.
The location of the control files is specified through the control files init parameter. The control files have to be made available all
the time because without them, the database cannot operate, as the control files keep track of all the data files.
When the control files are lost or corrupted, then it is very difficult to do the recovery operations, as the data base cannot be
mounted for the recovery purposes.
The re-creation of the control files are required in the following mentioned circumstances:
Loss of all the copies of the control files
The requirement of change in the name of the database
The requirement to change the maximum number of redo log file groups, redo log file members, archived redo log files, and
data files
Oracle recommends that there should be a full back up of all the database files before re-creating the control files.
Following syntax can be used to re-create the control file:
ALTER DATABASE BACKUP CONTROLFILE TO TRACE;
This will generate a new SQL script that may be used to re-create the control files.
The control file contains the following information of a database:
The name of the database to which it belongs.
The database creation timestamp.
The name, location and status whether online or offline of the data files.
The name and location of the redo log files.
The name of the associated tablespaces.
The most recent checkpoint information.
The beginning and ending of the undo segments.
Recovery managers back up information.
Note: The control files are, however, not limited to the above-mentioned information.
Tags: OCA
Archive log
CKPT
SCN
Related Article
Which of the following statements about control files are true?
You have configured the Flash Recovery Area for all your backups. Now, you want to obtain all the details concerning the
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Flash Recovery Area. Which of the following parameters will you use to obtain the details?
The Oracle database is running in archive log mode. When the instance is started, an UPDATE statement is issued for
the very first time.
You work as a Database Administrator for PM-DB Inc. which of the following situations will yon perform a consistent
backup?
Which of the following statements is true about seed templates that manage the database template using DBCA?
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