WIRE ROPE SLING USERS MANUAL Third Edition WIRE ROPE TECHNICAL BOARD Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 1Foreword ‘This publication is a cooperative effort of The WIRE ROPE TECHNICAL BOARD and the companies which make up the wire rope manufacturing industry in the United States. The WIRE ROPE TECHNICAL BOARD (WRB) is an association of engineers representing companies that account for more than 90 percent of the \wire rope produced in the United States; it has the following objectives: + To promote development of engineering and scientific knowledge relating to wire Tope; + To assist in establishing technological standards for military, governmental and, industrial use; + To promote development, acceptance and implementation of safety standards: + To help extend the uses of wire rope by disseminating technical and engineering information to equipment manufacturers; and + Toconduct and/or underwrite research for the benefit of both industry and user. ‘The information contained in this manual represents current thinking in the use and ‘preparation of wire rope slings. It must be noted that wire rope slings can fail if they are damaged, misused, overloaded or over used. Wire rope slings should be inspect ed prior to each use. They should be used only by trained personnel under proper working conditions. Use, inspection and tetirement criteria can be found in OSHA regulations and the ASME B30.9 standard which are partially reproduced in this ‘manual, Data, specifications, architectura/engineering information and drawings presented in this publication have been delineated in accordance with recognized professional principles and practices, and are for general information only. Suggested procedures and products should not, therefore, be used without first securing competent advice with respect to their suitability or any given application. ‘The Publication of the material contained herein is not intended as a warranty on the part of The WIRE ROPE TECHNICAL BOARD - or that of any person named herein - that these data are suitable for general or particular use, or of freedom from infringement of any patent or patents. Any use of these data or suggested practices can only be made with the understanding that The WIRE ROPE TECHNICAL BOARD makes no warranty of any kind respecting such use and the user assimes all liability arising therefrom. WIRE ROPE TECHNICAL BOARD 801 Noth Fairfax Street Suive 2 Alexandria, VA 22314-1757 E-Mail: [email protected] Phone: 703-298-8550 «Fax: 703-299-9233 For Information on WRTB Publications ~ Tel. 88-BUY-WRTB. Fin ion Poise © 180 Second on © 197, ne Wire Rope Tce! Boa Ph Edi ©2007 The We Rie Techland Ais rest Presi to pois que a pion of nk er mfornc ier ra. Who aking ch eran orguaaons de cures odin hs pubten ane Wr Boe ei oar wl be apie, 2+ Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sting Users Manual, Third EditionTable of Contents PAGE, General Discussion... Rated Capacity Tables* 27-149 Section 1 1-Part Slings, Hand Tucked Splice . Mechanical Splice .......... Stainless Steel Mechanical Spli Poured Sockets ...... Section 2. Cable Laid Slings Section 3. Multi-Part Slings 3-Part Slings .. 4-Part Slings 6-Part Slings . : 8-Part Slings ... 107 Section 4 Grommet Slings ‘Strand Laid/Hand Tucked 123 Cable Laid/ Hand Tucked .... 126 Strand Laid/Mechanical Spl. . 129 Cable Laid/Mechanical Spl | ie Useful Guidelines, Proper Storage for Wire Rope Slings 134 Slings Inspection Criteria ......... 138 How to Inspect a Sling ; 136 Wire Rope Strength and Weight Tables 6-Strand Ropes ~ Fiber Core = 138 6-Strand Ropes — IWRC .. 139 Small Cord Ropes, 140 Glossary 141 Wire Rope and Wire Rope Sling Safety Bulletin ...........149 *All Rated Capacities in this manual are for 6x19 and 6x36 classification wire rope unless otherwise stated in the table, and all capacities are stated in Tons of 2,000 Ibs. Wire Rope Technical Board - Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition * 3Acknowledgements Tabular data and accompanying reference drawings for wire rope thimbles were provided by The Crosby Group. Al other illustrations used throughout were fumished by member companies of the Wire Rope Technical Board. Drawings were prepared especially for this publication and are based wholly or in part on graphic ‘material that originally appeared in literature issued separately by various member companies. Numerical and factual data, not otherwise credited, were obtained from published and unpublished sources supplied by The Wire Rope Technical Board and the companies which sponsor it. Bridon American Corporation Loos & Co,, Ine. Wirerope Works, Inc, Wire Rope Corporation of America, Inc. ‘The WIRE ROPE TECHNICAL BOARD invites interested parties to make suggestions and recommendations for improving this manual, for inclusion in future editions. All such correspondence should be addressed to the WIRE ROPE TECHNICAL BOARD. 4+ Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionGeneral Discussion Figure 1 e SLING ANGLES Figure 24 How do you carry vo Ickes of ater? The above lls tins typ the sresses imposed on Sings when te legs ae ache 10 ihelad a vatousangles ‘The purpose of this manual is to define wire rope slings in keeping with good practice and sound engineering design. Many areas of design apply to all types of slings. Specific design criteria will be covered in the appropriate sections, Rated capacities shown in this manual are for wire rope slings fabricated from new wire rope. DESIGN FACTOR is used in calculating a sling’s rated capacity and is neces- sary to allow for conditions such as wear, abrasion, damage and variations in load Design factors have been established which allow the sling to give the mos¢ efficient service to the user. Rated capacity tables contained in this manual are based on a design factor of five (5). Other design factors may be applied for engineered lifts; however, the sling manufacturer should always be consulted. Sling Rated Capacity is based upon the minimum breaking force of the wire rope used in the sling and other factors which affect the dverall strength of the sling. ‘These other factors include splicing efficiency, number of parts of rope in the sling, type of hitch (¢., straight pull, choker hitch, basket hitch, etc), diameter around which the body of the sling is bent (Dd) and the diameter of pin used in the eye of the sling (Figure 1) SLING ANGLE is the angle measured between a horizontal plane and the sling leg or body. This angle is very important and can have a dramatic effect on the rated capacity ofthe sling (Figure 2A). As illustrated (Figure 2B), when this angle decreases, the load on each leg increases. This principle applies whether one sling is used to pull atan angle, in a basket hitch or for multilegged bridle slings. Sling angles of less than 30 degrees shall not be used. 5 ¢ sens, 4 i 1 4 a , Hy Ne gokt Figure 28 "®"SLING ANGLES inthis manual are measure from the horizontal plane. Ifthe horizontal angle is used you must use the trigonometric sine of the horizontal angle in calculating sling capacity at that angle. When the vertical angle is used you must, use the tigonometric cosine of the vertical angle (Figure 2C). Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 5adjustment, for wie rope slings in choker hitch when angle is LESS 13Sdeurees. {<—— » —_+| Figure 4, When D is 25 times the buy diameter), the Did Ratio is expressed as 25/1 CHOKER HITCH configurations affect the rated capacity of a sting. This is because the sling leg or body is passed around the load, through one end attachment or eye and is suspended by the other end attachment or eye. The contact of the sling body with the end attachment or eye canses reduction of sling efficiency at this point, Ifa load is hanging free, the normal choke angie is approximately 135 degrees. When the choke angle is less than 135 degrees, an adjustment in the choker rated capacity must be made (Figure 3). Extreme care should be taken to determine the choke angle as accurately as possible, As indicated in Table I, the decrease in rated capacity is dramatic. TABLE 1 CHOKER HITCH - RATED CAPACITY ADJUSTMENT CHOKE ANGLE IWRC AND FIBER CORE ROPE (DEGREES) PERCENT OF CHOKER RATED CAPACITY 121-13 100 90-120 a 60-89 "4 30-59 62 Upt029 49 Choke angles greater than 135 degrees are unstable and should not be used. NOMINAL SPLICE EFFICIENCY is the efficiency of the sling splice. Any time wire rope is disturbed such as in splicing an eye, the strength of the rope is reduced. "This reduction must be taken into account when determining the nominal sling strength and in calculating the rated capacity. Each type of splice has a different effi- ciency, thus the difference in rated capacities for different types of slings. Nominal splice efficiencies have been established after many hundreds of tests over years of testing Did RATIO is the ratio of the diameter around which the sling is bent divided by the body diameter of a single part sling (Figure 4), or the component rope diame- ter in a multi-part sling. This ratio has an effect on the rated capacity of the sling ‘when the body of a sling is bent around an object. Tests have shown that whenever \wire rope is bent around a diameter, the strength of the rope is decreased. Figure 5 illustrates the percentage of decrease to be expected. This D/d ratio is applied to wire rope slings to assure that the strength in the body of the sling is atleast equal to the splice efficiency. When D/d ratios smaller than those listed in the rated capacity tables are necessary the rated capacity of the sling must be decreased. RATED CAPACITY is the maximum static load a sling is designed to lift using ‘new, unused rope. The tables give rated capacities in tons of 2000 pounds, Rated capacities contained in all the tables were calculated using component rope strength as a basis. Due to rounding of numeric values, rated capacity values for 2, 3, 01 4 leg slings may not be even multiples of single leg values. Rounding also accounts for small differences in values between tables in other publications and the tables in thi ‘manual, ‘These small differences should not be construed to be in error. 6 + Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionFigure 8. Derived from standard test data this curve relates rope strength eficiency to various Did ratios. The curve is based on static loads only is weighted average of 458, tests over pins and thimbles, on 6x IDand 6x 36classification ope, fiber cove and IWRC, regular and lang ly. Techical, efieieney variations canbe expected For specitic rope constructions and ‘wire manufacturing practices. To ‘obtain dat for the wire rope purchased itis recommended that tess be conducted. Note: ‘This graph refers to bend- ing wire rope over pins. Any time ‘a wire rope slings ent around sharp corners additional reduc- tons i efficiency wil oceur Sharp ‘comets should always be padded {eo prevent damage (othe sling. Rated capacity tables in this manual are expressed in the following manner: Rated capacities 99 tons or less are shown to 2 decimal places; rated capacities 1.0 10.9.9 tons are shown to I decimal place; and rated capacities 10 tons and above are shown as whole numbers. All values are rounded in the following way: if the number following the last expressed number is 5 or greater the number is increased by 1, and if itis 4 or less the number is not changed. In the sling industry, similar terms are often applied to designate rated capacity. The term Rated Load is commonly used to describe rated capacity. Another term, ‘Working Load Limit (WLL) is often used to describe rated capacity. This term, WLL, however, is used much more commonly in alloy 128 and is not com- ‘mon when referring to the rated capacity of wire tope slings. [REDUCTION IN EFFICIENCY OF WIRE ROPE WHEN BENT OVER PINS OF VARIOUS SIZES EFFICIENCY () 8 aso lat ero rents ge oes sen) id RATIO ‘The rated capacity is calculated as follows: (MBF x Lx Sin A) RC ne x NSE (MBF x Lx Sin A) RC ne x CF Where: RC = Rated Capacity (Tons) Sin A= Trigonometric Sine of Smallest CRC = Choker Rated Capacity (Tons)* Horizontal Sling Angle MBF = Minimum Breaking Force DF = Design Factor of the rope (Tons) Nominal Splice Efficiency L=Number of Sling Legs CF = Choke Factor * This Choker Rated Capacity (CRC) does not apply to multi-part slings. Please refer to the multi-part sling section for applicable equations. Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition * 7Rated Capacity Calculation Examples: Utilizing a 1" 6x19 classification EIPS IWRC sling, various rated capacities are calculated as follows: Example 1 - Single LegVertical Mechanical (Figure 6). (MBF xL x Sin A) DF MBF = 51.7 TONS. RC = x NSE a Sin A=1 on DF=5 NSE = 95 Figure 6 GLIx1x) RC = c 5 x 95x 1=9.8 TONS Example 2 ~ Vertical Basket Hitch Mechanical (MBF x Lx Sin A) DF MBF L=2 A=90" SinA =1 RC x NSE 1.7 TONS GLX nc » 1725) 5 45412 1960207T0NS Figure 2 When using multiteg : 8 detailed evaluation ofthe in each sling le 6 required Example 3 —3 Leg Bridle with unequal leg angles but with equal lengths and ee eae equal Toads atthe lifting points (Figure 7) seeing eg lengths ots ‘ent vertical loads atthe liting points 5 When the vertical load imposed at Rc = MBEXLXSINA) vee act lifing point is equal and the leg = ——— x NS Fengths are equal, se the sling leg With he tallest horizontal angle to determine the minima required sling size 5 RC = x 95x 1=208=21 TONS 8 * Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionTABLE 2 WIRE ROPE THIMBLE: HOT DIP GALVANIZED STEEL Dimensions (inches) a]es]felfo]e For Rope Overall | Max. | Weight Diam. | Overall| Overall] Length | width | Thick- | Pin | Per 100 (inches) | Length| Width | inside |inside| ness | Diam. | (lbs) va | 2516 [1¥2 [15% [% [ce | 6 [6.75 Bis | 22 [186 |e [tve[ ve | She [ 11.25 3a | 2% [i¥e | 1% [tv | ee | 116 | 21.00 Tie | 3% [2¥e [2% [14 | %4 | 18/6 | 30.00 v2 | 35% [2% | 294 | 1% | 2%s2 | 176 | 51.00 -* He | 3% [ati] 2% [1¥2 | 2/32 | 1/6 | 51.00 7 He | ata [aie | aie | 194 | 4 48/18 | 75.00 Yas [3% l3¥a [2 [1% | 1% | 147.00 Figure 8 7 | Sv2 [avs [ava [ave | 1% [eve [175.00 1 oie [ane | ave [ave [16 | 2% | 275.00 ie | 7 [5% [sve [2% | 1% | 2% | 400.00 PROOF LOAD is a specific load applied to a sling assembly in a nondestructive test to verify the workmanship of the sling. ASME B30.9 requires that all swaged socket and poured socket assemblies used within its scope be proof tested. The proof load is generally two (2) times the vertical rated capacity for mechanical splice slings. “The maximum proof load for hand tucked slings is 1.25 times the vertical rated capacity. Care should be taken to assure that sling eyes are not damaged during the proof load. Thimbles or padding should be used to prevent such damage. EYE DIMENSIONS are generally eight (8) sling body diameters wide by ixteen (16) body diameters long. Whenever possible thimbles (Figure 8) are recommended to protect the rope in the sling eye. Table 2 contains dimensions for thimbles used in standard single part slings. If small eye sizes without thimbles are used, a reduction in rated capacity may occur. Splicing efficiencies for other eye sizes should be confirmed, Other specialized thimbles are available, Consult your sling, manufacturer for detais. PIN DIAMETER should not be any greater than the natural width of the sling eye. For any sized eye and type of sling body, the maximum allowable pin diameter may be calculated as follows: Maximum pin diameter = 2L + W) x 0.2 Where: L=length of eye W= width of eye ‘The minimum pin diameter should never be smaller than the sling body diameter, Wire Rope Technical Board - Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition « 9g GRADE & CONSTRUCTION of wire rope for slings is typically bright Improved Plow Steel, Extra Improved Plow Steel or Extra Extra Improved Plow Steel grade, 6x19 of 6x36 classification, right regular lay. IWRC rope has a higher rated capacity than fiber core rope for mechanically spliced slings, but the same rated capacity for hand tucked slings. This is because when making a hand tucked splice, the core (IWRC) of the rope is cut in the splice area and doesn’t add to the overall strength of the sling. Rated capacities of slings using galvanized rope may be less than the same grade bright rope sling. The sling manufacturer should be consulted regarding rated capacities for these types of slings. MINIMUM SLING BODY LENGTH is the minimum distance between splices, sleeves or fittings. Generally the minimum body lengats for single part slings is equal to ten (10) times the sling body diameter. This allows appreximately one and one half (11/2) rope lays between splices. For multipart slings the minimum body length between splices is equal to forty (40) times the component rope diaieter. LENGTH TOLERANCE is generally plus or minus two (2) body diameters, or plus or minus 0.5% of the sling length (Figure 9), whichever is greater. The legs of bridle slings, or matched slings are normally held to within one (1) body diameter ‘Tolerances should always be specified to.the sling manufacturer before the order is placed. HAND TUCKED SPLICE (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) AHAND TUCKED splice is made by passing the wire rope around a thimble ‘or forming an eye and splicing the dead end (short end) into the live end (long end) of the rope. Normally, each dead end strand is given one forming tuck and three full tucks around the same strand in the body of the rope. One additional full tuck is made when splicing more pliable wire ropes such as 6X36 classification, A “forming tuck” is made by prying two adjacent strands apart, inserting a dead end strand into the opening and passing the strand under one, two, or three adjacent strands in the body of the rope. The dead end is set or locked tightly. ‘A “full tuck” is made by inserting a dead end strand under and rotating it one full 360 degrees turn around a strand in the body of the wire rope. The tucked strand is set or locked tightly. Each subsequent full tur of the dead end strand around the live end strand constitutes an additional full tuck. “Setting” or “locking” of a dead end strand is accomplished by pulling the strand end in under considerable force. A marlin spike is inserted in the same open- ing in the body of the rope ahead of the tucked strand and is rotated about the axis of the rope back to the start of the splice or toward the previous tuck. This helps set the tuck. Certain applications may require special splices such as the Navy Admiralty Splice or logging splice. Splices made by these special methods may also attain the efficiencies used in calculating the rated capacity tables where the rope quality and number of tucks are equivalent‘ that outlined above. Development of these efficiencies should be confirmed Serving or wrapping of wire rope sling splices does not affect the splicing 10 * Wire age Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition+ NOTE: Because EBIPS ropes are not normally manulactred in Fiber Core, the Rated Capacities for EELPS slings shown inthis, book ae for IWIEC rope oly. efficiencies nor rated capacities. Such servings are optional, although unserved splices are often preferred because they permit visual inspection of the spliced area. NOMINAL SPLICE EFFICIENCY is the ratio determined by dividing the actual breaking strength of the spliced termination by the actual Minimum Breaking, Force (MBF) of the rope. This efficiency will change from splice to splice because of the many variable factors involved in producing the splice. Splice efficiencies given in Table 3 were established so that these normal variations are accommodated. The design factor used in establishing the rated capacities further assures thatthe sling will lift the load even in those rare instances when the splice efficiency falls slightly below the values given in the tables. Rated capacities shown in this manual have met with the most exacting test, that of the test of time and use over years of actual field experience. TABLE3 NOMINAL SPLICE EFFICIENCIES HAND TUCKED SPLICE IPS, EIPS AND EEIPS} 6X19 & 6X36 CLASS ROPES. Rope Nominal Rope Nominal Diameter (in) Efficiency Factor Diameter_—_Efficiency Factor us 90 1a 80 516 89 1s 80 3/8 88 Un 80 m6 87 15/8 80 W2 86 134 80 96 85 1% 30 5/8 84 2 80 3/4 82 24s 80 718 80 2M 80 1 80 2 80 1s 80 2M 80 Rated capacities for hand tucked slings are calculated as follows! (MBF x Lx Sin A) « RC i x NSE _ (MBF x Lx Sin) crc = x CF Where: RC = Rated Capacity (Tons) Choker Rated Capacity (Tons)* ‘Minimum Breaking Force of the rope (Tons) Number of Sling Legs Trigonometric Sine of Smallest Horizontal Sling Angle Design Factor NSE = Nominal Splice Efficiency CB =Choke Factor =.70 © This Choker Rated Capacity (CRC) does not apply to multi-part slings. Please refer to the multi-part sling section for epplicable equations. Wire Rope Technical Board - Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 11Notice that the splice efficiency factor plays no role in the calculation of the choker hitch rated capacity. This is because as the body of the sling passes through the eye of the sling in a choke, the weakest part ofthe sling isin the body at the choke point. Thus the splice being higher inefficiency, has no effect on the rated capacity, because the efficiency factors are not additive. The rated capacities adjust- ‘ment Table | for choker hitches also applies for mechanical splice slings. Rated capacities for basket hitches are based on & D/d ratio of 15. At this D/d ratio the efficiency is approximately 90% which is equal tothe highest splice effi ciency for the hand tucked splice. Remember, Did ratios only apply to basket hitches. ‘The use of a swivel on single leg lifts and free hanging loads which may rotate is not recommended. tag line should always be used to prevent rotation of the sling body. When the sling body of a hand tucked splice is allowed to rotate, the splice could unlay, and pull out and drop the Toae. MECHANICAL SPLICE (See Rated Capacity Tables section) MECHANICAL SPLICE slings come in two basic types: the returned loop and - the Flemish eye or farmers splice. In either case, the splice is completed by pressing (waging) one or more metal sleeves over the rope juncture ‘The returned loop is fabricated by forming loop atthe end of the rope, siding ‘one or more metal sleeves over the short end of the loop eye and pressing these sleeves to secure the end ofthe rope to the sling body. A drawback to this type of sling is thatthe lifting capacity of the sling depends completely upon the imtearty of the pressed or swaged metal sleeve. Should the metal sleeve(s) fail or slide off, the entire eye will also fal ‘The Flemish eye splice is fabricated by opening or unlaying the rope body into ‘wo parts, one having three strands and the other having the remaining three strands and the core. The rope is unlayed to allow the loop oreye to be formed by looping Cone part in one direction and the other part in the other direction and leying the rope back together. The strands are rolled back around the rope body. A metal sleeve is then slipped over the ends ofthe splice and pressed (swaged) to secure the ends to the body of the sling. Nominal splice efficiencies expressed in Table 4 and in the rated capacity tables are based on this splicing method. Splice efficiencies for other splicing methods should be confirmed. Figure 10, Mechanical spice (Flemish eye) 12. Wire Rope Technical Board - Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionTABLE 4 NOMINAL SPLICE EFFICIENCIES MECHANICAL SPLICED SLINGS Diameter (in) IWRC FIBER CORES IMPROVED PLOW STEEL: 14 through 1 95 925 1/8 through 2 925 90 2's & larger 90 Not Established EXTRA IMPROVED PLOW STEEL: 1/4 through 1 95 925 1 Ys through 2 925 90 2s & larger 90 Not Established EXTRA EXTRA IMPROVED PLOW STEEL: 1/4 through 1 95 Not Established STAINLESS STEEL, 302 & 304 GRADE: 1/4 through | 95 Not Established 1s through 2 925 Not Established 2s & larger 90 Not Established Rated capacities for mechanical spliced slings are calculated as follows: (MBF x L x Sin A) Rc = VEEXE xo) XN A x NSE cRC = LMBEXLXSiNA) oy DF Where: RC = Rated Capacity (Tons) CRC = Choker Rated Capacity (Tons)* MBF = Minimum Breaking Force of the rope (Tons) L=Number of Sling Legs Sin A = Trigonometric Sine of Smallest Horizontal Sling Angle DE = Design Factor NSE = Nominal Splice Eficiency CF = Choke Factor =.70 * This Choker Rated Capacity (CRC) does not apply to multi-part slings. Please refer to the multi-part sling section for applicable equations. Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Thitd Edition + 13Notice that the splice efficiency factor plays no role in the calculation of the ‘choker hitch rated capacity. This is because as the body of the sling passes through. the eye of the sling in a choke, the weakest partis at the choke point, Thus the splice being higher in efficiency, has no effect on the rated capacity, because the efficiency factors are not additive. The rated capacities adjustment Table 1 for choker hitches, also applies for mechanical splice slings. Rated capacities for single part, choker and basket hitches are calculated exactly the same as for hand tucked slings except for the nominal splice efficiencies. Minimum Did ratio for basket hitches is 25. This larger D/d ratio is required because the nominal splice efficiency is higher for mechanical splices than hand splices, Care should be taken not to deform or damage the sleeves on mechanically spliced slings. Slings whiich have sleeves made of a different grade or type metal than the rope body may experience accelerated deterioration due to an electro- chemical reaction between the two metals. This is particularly evident in salt water or brackish conditions, ZINC OR RESIN POURED SOCKET TYPE TERMINATIONS (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) Zine or resin poured sockets have traditionally been the end attachment method used to determine the actual breaking strength of a rope. Therefore, their efficiency in a breaking strength testis established to be 100% for all grades and constructions of wire rope. The efficiency of all other end terminations are established by compar- ison to zine or resin poured sockets. ‘When a zinc or resin poured socket assembly is used as a sling to connect a load to allfting device, the minimum design factor is 5.0. Zine or resin poured socketed assemblies are used as boom supports and in other supporting applications where the assemblies are not defined to be slings. In these cases, the required design factor is usually 3.0. Experience in testing zine or resin poured sozketed assemblies has shown that special techniques may be required to develop 100% efficiency when socketing small diameter ropes and strands. Consult the rope, iting or socketing material ‘manufacturer for specific recommendations. Choker hitches are not used as often with poured sockets as with the other more ‘general types of slings. When such slings are used in a choker hitch, the rated capac- ity adjustment Table I applies. For assemblies with poured attachments, tolerances can be somewhat more strin- gent than other types of slings. The manufacturer should be contacted and agreement reached before the order is placed. Tolerance as small as plus or minus 1/8” is not out of the ordinary for this type of assembly. Specifications such as type of iting, pin “orientation, whether zinc or resin is to be used and type of application should also be supplied to the manufacturer when ordering these types of assemblies. ‘Those inexperienced in the socketing process should not try to fabricate assem- blies without first geting expert training. It is far better to leave fabrication of this type of assembly to the experts. ASME B30.9 requires that all swaged socket and poured socket assemblies used within its Scope be proof tested. The proof load is, generally two (2) times the vertical rated capacity for poured socket assemblies. 14* Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionPOURED SOCKET - ZINC OR RESIN ‘The following socketing methods are general in nature and have been proven over years of use. Procedures for zinc and resin differ significantly, but will achieve the same end result. Slight vatiations to these procedures have been used with acceptable results, however this cannot be predetermined without destructive tests. ‘There are many ways 10 go wrong in socketing procedures. Some of the more ‘common pitfalls that should he guarded against include: 1) Turing back the strands - inward or outward - before the “broom is inserted into the socket; 2) Turning back the strands and seizing them to the body of the rope; 3) Turning back the strands and tucking them into the body of the rope; 4) Tying a knot in the rope; 5) Wedging nails, spikes, bolts, etc. into the socket after the rope is inserted in an attesnpt to secure a tight fit, This is a particularly dangerous practice. IMPORTANT: Some socket mansfacturers do not recommend the reattachment of used poured sockets. Consult the manufacturer for specific recommendations. ‘ZINC-POURED SOCKETING 1, Measure the Rope Ends to be Socketed The rope end should be of sufficient length so that the ends of the wn wires (fom the strands) will be at the top of the socket basket. (Fig. 11) 2. Apply Serving at Base of Socket Apply a tight serving band for a length of two rope diameters, atthe point ‘where the socket base will be, to climinate any distortion below the band of the wires and strands. (Figs, 12 &13) 3. Broom Out Strand Wires Unlay and straighten the individual rope strands and spread them evenly so that they form an included angle of approximately 60 degrees. Unlay the wires of each individual strand for the full length of the rope end—being careful not to disturb or change the lay of the wires and strands under the serving band. Unlay the wires of the independent wire rope core (WRC) in the same manner. A fiber core should be cut out and removed as close tothe serving band as possible. (Fig. 12) Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 154. Clean the Broomed-Out Ends A cleaning solvent recommended by a solvent supplier for the type of lubri- cation of the wire rope should be chosen. If there are questions about the type of lubrication on the wire rope, contact the supplier of the wire rope Follow the solvent supplier's recommendations for cleaning the broomed end, Make certain that all grease and dirt is removed from the wires to the very bottom of the broom up to the serving band (Figure 13). After cleaning, place the broomed-out end pointing downward, allowing it to remain until all solvent has evaporated and the wires are dry Solvent should never be permitted to remain on the rope or on the serving. band since it will run down the wires when the rope is turned upright. 5. Dip the Broomed-Out Rope Ends in Flux Prepare a flux comparable to hot zine-ammonium chloride; use a concen- tration of I Ib. of zinc-ammonium chloride to | gallon of water; maintain the solution at a temperature of 180 degrees to 200 degrees F. Swish the broomed- ‘out end in the flux solution, then point the rope end downward until such time as the wires have dried thoroughly (Fig. 15). Figure 11 Figure 12 16 Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionClose Rope Ends and Place Socket Use clean seizing wire to compress the broomed-end into a tight bundle ‘which will permit the socket to be slipped easily over the wires (Fig. 16) Before placing the socket on the rope, make certain the socket is clean and no moisture is present inside the bow! of the socket. Heating the socket will dispel any resid- ual moisture and will also prevent the zine from freezing or cooling prematurely. Another method of placing the socket onto the rope is to first cover the end of the rope with a wrapping or split tubing; then slide the socket onto this sec- tion of covered rope, this will prevent contamination of the inner surface of the socket by the wire rope lubricant. Once the end of the wire rope is cleaned and roomed, the socket can be slid into position and the wrapping or split tubing can be removed. A word of Caution: If heating of the socket is required, care should be taken, as this could cause damage f0 the rope or socket. Ater the socket is on the rope, the wires should be distributed evenly in the socket basket so the zine can surround each wire. Use extreme care in aligning the socket with the rope's centerline, and in making certain there is a minimum vertical length of rope extending from the socket equal to about 30 rope diame- ters, This vertical length is necessary for rope balance. Premature wire breaks at the socket can occur if the rope is not balanced at pouring. Figure 13, Figure 14 Figure 18 Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition » 17Seal the socket base with fire clay or putty but make certain the material does not penetrate into the socket base. Should this occur, it could prevent the zine from penetrating the full length of the socket basket thereby creating a void that would collect moisture after the socket is placed in service (Fig. 17) 7. Pour the Zine ‘The zine used should meet ASTM Specification designation B6 Grade (1) Prime Westen or better. Pour the zine at a temperature between 925° and 975° F (Fig. 18). A word of caution: Do not heat zinc above 1000°F, Overheating of Zine may affect its bonding properties. The zine temperature may be measured with a portable pyromeer or thermocouple. Remove all dross from the top of the zine pool before pouring. Pour the zinc in one continuous stream until it reaches the top of the basket and all wire ends are covered. There should be no “capping” of the socket, unless the customer requires a smooth surface with no shrinkage on the top of the basket 8. Remove Serving After the zinc and socket have cooled, remove the fire clay or putty and the serving band from the socket base, and check to make certain that the zinc has penetrated to the socket base (Fig. 19), 9. Lubricate the Rope Apply wire rope lubricant to the rope at the base of the socket and on any rope section where the original lubricant may have been removed Figure 16 Figure 17 18 + Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionRESIN-POURED SOCKETING Before proceeding with a resin socketing procedure, check the resin manufac- turers instructions carefully. Each resin system has specific procedures and steps which must be followed in the order specified for the system to give the desired results, Since any resin system depends upon a chemical reaction, the procedure becomes critically important. Give particular attention to selecting sockets designed for resin socketing. Sockets with “rings” should not be used, or if the sockets do have “rings”, they should be filled prior to pouring the resin. Also, do not use over- size sockets with resin socketing. The following steps give a general outline to fol- low for resin socketing, they should not be used as a substitute for detailed instruc- Lions supplied by the resin manufacturer. 1. Measure the Rope Ends to be Sockered ‘The rope end should be of sufficient length so the ends of the unlaid wires (from the strands) will be atthe top of the socket basket, (Fig. 11) 2. Apply Serving at Base of Socket Apply a tight serving band—length of two rope diameters—at the point where the socket base will be to eliminate any distortion below the band of the wires and strands. (Figs. 12 & 13} 3. Broom Out Strand Wires Unlay and straighten the individual rope strands and spread them evenly so that they form an included angle of approximately 60 degrees. Unlay the wires of each individual strand for the full length of the rope end—being careful not to disturb or change the lay of the wires and strands under the serving band. Unlay the wires of the independent wire rope core (WRC) in the same manner. A fiber core should be cut out and removed as close to the serving band as possible, unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer. (Fig. 12) Figure 18 Figure 19 Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 194, Clean the Broomed-out Ends ‘A cleaning solvent recommended by a solvent supplier for the type of lubri- cation of the wire rope should be chosen. If there are questions about the type of lubrication on the wire rope, contact the supplier of the wire rope. Follow the solvent supplier's recommendations for cleaning the broomed end, Make certain that all grease and dirt is removed from the wires to the very bottom of the broom up to the serving band (Figure 13). After cleaning, place the broomed-out end pointing downward, allowing it to remain until all solvent has evaporated and the wires are dry. Solvent should never be permitted to remain on the rope or on the serving, band since it will run down the wires when the rope is turned upright. 5. Close Rope Ends and Place Socket . Place rope in a vertical position with the broom end up: Close and compact the broom to permit insertion of the broomed end into the base of the socket. Slip the socket on, removing any temporary banding or seizing as required. Another method of placing the socket onto the rope isto first cover the end Of the rope with a wrapping or split tubing; then slide the socket onto this sec- tion of covered rope, this will prevent contamination of the inner surface of the socket by the wire rope lubricant. Once the end of the wire rope is cleaned and bbroomed, the socket can be slid into position and the wrapping or split tubing can be removed. A word of caution: Never heat a socket into which resin will be poured. Make certain the broomed wires are uniformly spaced in the basket, with the wire ends slightly below the top edge of the basket, and the axis of the rope and the fitting are aligned. Seal the annular space between the base of the socket and the rope to prevent leakage of the resin from the basket. In addition to nor ‘mal sealing materials, non-hardening butyl rubber-base sealant or latex glazing compounds are satisfactory for this purpose. Make sure the sealant does not enter the base of the socket so the resin will be able to fill the complete depth of the socket basket. 6. Pouring the Resin Mix and pour the resin in strict accordance with the resin manufacturer's, instructions. 7. Lubrication After Socket Atachment fier the resin has cured, re-lubricate the wire rope at the base of the socket to replace any lubricant that may have been removed during the cleaning operation, 8. Resin Properties All properties and precautions of resins should be obtained from the resin ‘manufacturers. Take special note of the “shelf life” of the resin being used. 20 + Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionCABLE LAID WIRE ROPE SLINGS (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) Cable laid slings are fabricated from a machine made rope comprised of seven «wire ropes. The cable laid body is typically 77x7 or 7719 construction, or 7x6x19 or 76X36 classification IWRC. These slings are used where flexibility and resistance to kinking and setting are more important than resistance to abrasion, Since the rope is made up of many smaller wire ropes, the slings can bend around smaller diameters without taking a permanent set or a kink. The many small wires are susceptible to abrasion. Duc to their construction, cable laid slings are normally mechanically spliced. ‘The nominal splice efficiency of mechanical splices is shown in Table 5. Splice efficiencies for other splicing methods should be confirmed, TABLE 5 NOMINAL SPLICE EFFICIENCIES MECHANICALLY SPLICED CABLE LAID SLINGS Diameter Efficiency 1/4” through 1” 95 1" through 15/8” 925 The rated capacity is calculated as follows: re eae oe x CF ated Capacity (Tons) CRC = Choker Rated Capacity (Tons)* MBF = Minimum Breaking Force of Cable Laid Rope (Tons) L=Number of Sling Legs Sin A = Trigonometric Sine of Smallest Horizontal Sling Angle DF = Design Factor jominal Splice Efficiency *This Choker Rated Capacity (CRC) does not apply to multi-part slings. Please refer to the multi-part sling section for applicable equations. ‘The rated capacity adjustment Table 1 for choker hitches applies to cable laid slings as well. Note the difference in the efficiency factor for calculating vertical choker hitch rated capacities. Rated capacity fora basket hitch is based on a D/d ratio of 10, where “dl” is the diameter of the cable Iaid sting body. Tolerances ané minimum sling lengths are also figured using the cable lad sling body diameter. Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 21BRAIDED MULTI-PART SLINGS. (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) Multipart braided slings are slings which are formed from 3, 4 and up to as many as 48 parts of rope. Generally 3, 4, 6 or 8 parts are more common. They can be either flat or round, Rated capacity tables are included in this manual for 3-Part EEIPS. other EEIPS multi-part slings, check with the sling manufacturer, Nominal splice efficiency for multi-part slings is 0.70 for component ropes 3/32" through 2” diameters. Splice efficiencies for larger component rope slings should be confirmed ings. For The rated capacity is calculated as follows: (MBF x Lx Sin A) RC = ———————_ x NSEx. DF oa crc = ABEL ASA) XNSEX PX CF Where: RC = Rated Capacity (Tons) ORC = Choker Rated Capacity (Tons) MBF = Minimum Breaking Force of the rope (Tons) L = Number of Sling Legs Sin A = Trigonomettc Sine of Smallest Horizontal Sling Angle DF = Design Factor NSE = Nominal Splice Efficiency CF = Choke Factor =.875 P= Number of parts of rope in multi-part. Ina choker hitch, multi-part slings react differently than standard wire rope slings, therefore the nominal splice efficiency is present in the equation, The adjust- ‘ment in Table 1 applies to multi-part slings also. Rated capacity for a basket hitch is based on a minimum D/d ratio of 25, where ‘component rope diameter. Length tolerances for component ropes of 3/8” diameter and smaller are plus ‘or minus 10 component rope diameters, or plus or minus 1.5% of the sling length whichever is greater. The legs of matched slings shall be within 5 component rope diameters of each other. For component rope diameters 7/16” and larger, the toler- ance is plus or mirus 6 component rope diameters, or plus oc minus 1% of the sling length whichever is greater. Legs of matched slings shall be within 3 component rope diameters of each other. ‘Minimum sling length between loops, sockets or sleeves is recommended to be 40 times the component rope diameter of the braided body. i 22 + Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionGROMMETS (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) Grommets are a unique type of sling which form a continuous loop. Several types are available, such as strand leid hand tucked, strand laid mechanical, cable laid hand tucked and cable laid mechanical. The splice area should not come into contact with the load or the lifting device. Some sling manufacturers mark the splice ‘on hand tucked grommets with paint to help the user more easily identify the area. Tolerances for grommets are generally plus or minus 1% of the circumferential length or 6 body diameters whichever is greater. ‘A minimum inside circumference of 96 body diameters is recommended. The requirement for a minimum circumference of 96 times the body diameter for grom- mets and endless slings was based on the requirement to have at least three free rope lays on either side of the tuck of a hand spliced endless grommet prior to being bent around a hook or pin five times the body diameter. To eliminate the possibility of, confusion, this requirement was adopted for mechanically spliced endless grommets as well, For smaller circumferences, consult the sling manufacturer. Since a grommet is a continuous circle, itis very important to consider Did ratio. ‘The D/d ratio must be applied to the lifting pins as well as to the load, Normally the lifting pins will be the smallest diameter in the system other than the diameter ofthe ‘grommet, Rated capacities covered in this section are based on a D/d ratio of 5. If loads are handled with a Did ratio less than 5, consult the sling manufacturer. STRAND LAID HAND TUCKED GROMMET (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) A strand laid hand tucked grommet is made from one continuous length of strand, No sleeves are used to make the joint This results in a very smooth circular sling TABLE 6 NOMINAL SPLICE EFFICIENCIE! STRAND LAID HAND TUCKED GROMMETS Rope Nominal Rope Nominal Diameter (in) Efficiency Factor Diameter ‘Efficiency Factor 4 B Up 735 56 18 1% 730 38 78 1 2S 76 B 1s 720 In 78 2 7S 916 78 2s 70 38 8 2M 705 34 78 296 700 78 78 2h 695 1 775 28 690 1s 765 2s 690 1 755 2s 685 1% 745 3 685 Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 23,ind ai To calculate the rated capacity for a st hand tucked grommet, the nomin: strength of the equivalent diameter, 6 strand fiber core rope, is used. ‘The equation is as follows: (MBE xLx Sin A) RC = DF x NSEx2 crc = QMBEXLXSIOA) \ nse xcrx2 DF Where RC = Rated Capacity (Tons) CRC = Choker Rated Capacity (Tons) MBF = Minimum Breaking Force of the rope (Tons) 1 = Number of Sling Legs Sin A ="Trigonometric Sine of Smallest Horizontal Sling Angle In a choker hitch, grommet slings react differently than standard wire rope slings, therefore the presence of the nominal splice efficieney factor is present in the equation, Rated capacity adjustment in Table | applies. STRAND LAID MECHANICAL SPLICE GROMMET (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) Strand laid mechanical splice grommets are made from one continuous length of wire rope joined by pressing or swaging one or more sleeves over the rope junc- ture. This type of grommet is not as smooth as the hand tucked version. An advan- tage is that the swaged sleeves give clear indication ofthe splice area. 24 + Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition‘The tated capacity is.calculated as follows: re = MBFXLXSiNA) Ase yo DF crc = MBFxLxSinA) nce x crx? DP Where: RC = Rated Capacity (Tons) CRC = Choker Rated Capacity (Tons) MBF = Minimum Breaking Force of the rope (Tons) L= Number of Sling Legs Sin A rigonometric Sine of Smallest Horizontal Sling Angle DF = Design Factor Rated capacity adjustment Table 1 applies. CABLE LAID HAND TUCKED GROMMET (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) Cable laid hand tucked grommets are fabricated in the same manner as strand laid hand tucked grommets except one continuous length of wire rope is used. This ‘makes for a flexible smooth sling. The body diameters are somewhat odd sized because the grommet body is built up from a standard diameter component rope. TABLE7 NOMINAL SPLICE EFFICIENCIES CABLE LAID HAND TUCKED GROMMETS Grommet Body __ Nominal Grommet Body _ Nominal Diameter (in) Efficiency Factor Diameter _—_Eificiency Factor 28 78 116 750 916 78 178 745 8 78 24 735 44 75 2518 5 15/16 770 3 7S 118 165 3-38 705 12 155 Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition » 25‘The rated capacity is calculated as follows: rc = (MBExL x Sina) x NSEx2x6 DF crc = {MBExLx Sind) x NSExCFx2x6 DF Rated Capacity (Tons) = Choker Rated Capacity (Tons) Minimum Breaking Force of the rope (Tons) = Number of Sling Legs rigonometric Sine of Smallest Hosizontal Sling Angle DF = Design Factor NSE = Nominal Splice Efficiency (Table 7) CF = Choke Factor = .65 Rated capacity adjustment Table 1 applies. Sin CABLE LAID MECHANICAL SPLICE GROMMET. (See Rated Capacity Tables Section) Cable laid mechanical splice grommets are fabricated from one continuous length of eable laid wire rope with the ends joined by one or more mechanical sleeves. They ae similar to strand laid mechanical splice grommets, but offer greater flexibility. ‘The rated capacity is calculated as follows: FxXLx Sil Rc = {MBE xLxSinA) DE x NSEx2 MBF x L x Sin A) cRC DE x NSExCFx2 Where: RC = Rated Capacity (Tons) CRC = Choker Rated Capacity (Tons) MBF = Minimum Breaking Force of the rope (Tons) L= Number of Sling Legs ‘Trigonometric Sine of Smallest Horizontal Sling Angle DF = Design Factor NSE = Nominal Splice Efficiency = .78 CF = Choke Factor= 65 Rated capacity adjustment Table 1 applies. Sin 26 * Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Siing Users Manual, Third EditionSection 1 1-Part Slings HAND TUCKED SPLICE Fiber Core & IWRC Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 27Section | 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-1 HAND TUCKED SPLICE Fiber Core & IWRC ‘These stings are not available in EEIPS Fiber Core. VERTICAL, CHOKER OR VERTICAL BASKET RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6 X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE ROPE VERTICAL CHOKER VERTICAL BASKET DIAMETER (INCHES) I & IPs FIPS EEIPS IPS FIPS EEIPS Ips Va 0.49 0.54 0.60 0.38 0.42 46 0.99 ra 12 SG 0.76 0.83 0.92 0.60 0.66 0.72 Ls 7 18 we Lt 12 13 0.85 0.94 1.0 21 24 26 WG | 14 16 7 12 13 14 29 32 35 12 18 200-22 1s 1618 3740S 9116 23 25 28 19 21 23 16 5.0 5.6 58 rm 2300-2628 56 6268 M4 39 43 47 33 37 40 78 8.6 94 8 5.2 — 62 45 5.0 5.5 10 u 12, 5 67 TA BL 59 64 WW 13 15 16 we | 84 93 0 4 889 7 9% Vis | u 13 9.0 99 " 2 23 25 Bin | 4 1S W ie 13, 25 27 30 Ie iso 8 13 4 6 2 326 5/5 7 wo 21 15 16. 18, MM 38, 4 Ds | 20 2 24 n 19 21 40 44 48 vA eee ke 5 058 2 26 28 3h 22 25 27 St 56 62 2M lees my Fn) 2M 2 3 » | 2» » 4M #0 7 2s L 36 39 43, Bay 34, 38 7 78 86 2 39447 | 86 Oh RATED CAPACITIES BASKET HITCH BASED ON Did RATIO OF 15 RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH. ‘OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETER RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF § HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGREES SHALL NOT BEUSED 28 * Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionSection 1 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-2 HAND TUCKED SPLICE Fiber Core & IWRC ‘These slings are not available in BEIPS Fiber Core. 2-LEG BRIDLE RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE, ROPE | VERTICAL 60° \ 45° | 30° DIA. | a | i (o" ZN on™ | 7 7 ¥ IPS EIPS EEIPS IPS EIPS EEIPS IPS EIPS EEIPS IPS EIPS EEIPS ie oe i 2 i 085 094 10 070 077 084 | 049 054 0.60 7 13 1416 M120 13 0.76 083 092 we | 21 24 26 19 20 23 15 1718 W121 me [29 32 35 25° 27-30 202202, 1416 LT W237 40 45 32.3539 26 29 3.1 18 20 0 22 m6 46 S056 40 44 48 32.36 39 23°25 28 bi | Sc, 68) 4953 59 40 44 48 28 31 34 34-78 8694 68 74 82 55 61 67 39430047 ea Oe te 89 98 73°80 88 52. 57 62 1 BIS 16 2 B14 0 a Me 7 19 2 15 168 ie ia Ba oo. 1G lm | 2 2325 1820 2 5s i w | io up Be | 25 27 30 2 4 6 | 1 19 2 2 m4 15 ivi | 2s 36 os 8) se iis ie Ime | 34384 30-336 uw om 71921 a | 40 44 48 3842 2 33d 0 2 ve | 45 50 55 399043 aT 3223539 2B 2% 27 2 | si 9% 444954 36 «4044 2% 28 3t 2% | 37 8 (8 Oy 5 20a a5 2m | 4 7 7 3s 61 OT a ss 62 os) 2% | 71 7B 8 2 68 74 yg BGG 2 | 78 86 (OF a ieee 5 617 Nase RATED CAPACITIES BASKET HITCH BASED ON Did RATIO OF 15, RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH. ‘OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETER RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF § HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGREES SHALL NOT BE USED Wire Rope Technical Board - Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition + 29Section 1 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-3 HAND TUCKED SPLICE Fiber Core & IWRC ‘These slings are not available in KE} iber Core 3-LEG BRIDLE RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE ROPE VERTICAL 30° DIA. aN) 33 Lm™ t F IPS EIPS EEIPS IPS EIPS EEIPS IPS EIPS EEIPS IPS EIPS EEIPS 14 15 16 18 13 14 16 10 12 Ec ae 5/6 eeeee 28 essen 7 16 18 = ae Key 14 38 3.2 EE] EEE 7 — oe 23 7. - 16 18 19 76 43 47 5.2 3700 41 a 3.1 a= Ray ce: 24 ves v2 55 6.1 67 48 53 58 ci) 43 47 28 3.0 33 9/6 69 76 83 60 6.6 ues 49 SA 5.9 34 38 42 SB 84 93 10, 73° 8.0 88 6.0 65 72 42 46 Sa 3/4 12 13 4 10 u 12 83 oO 10 59 64 7 7B 1S 17 19 B 15 16 iW 12 13 7 85 9.4 7 20 2 a = Ld vil 14 16 Ee 10 Ty 12 1Ys 25 28 31 22 24 26 18 20 pet Es 14 1S 1Ys ef 34 38 = 30 32 22 24 27 16 iT 19 Vis 37 4l 45 32, 36 39 6 29 32 19 21 23 12 4 49 33 38 42 46 31 34 38 22 4 27 15/8 SL 56 62 44 49 54 36 40 44 26 28 31 14a 60. 65 72 52 ‘ST 62 42 46 SL 30 33 36 1a 68 4 82 59 64 ma ag 53 58 34 37 41 2 7 84 93 67 3 80. = 60 66 38 42 46 28 86 95 104 4 82 90 6L 67 = as) 47 52 2M4 96 106 16 83 OL 101 68 15 82 48 53 58 2¥8 107) WNT 129 2 102 12 75 83 a 53 59 64 22 7 129 142 101 2 123 83 a 100 59 64 7 RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGREES SHALL NOT BE USED HITCH BASED ON Did RATIO OF 15 RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH. OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETER 30 * Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third EditionSection t 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1.4 HAND TUCKED SPLICE Fiber Core & IWRC "These slings are not available in EEIPS Fiber Core. 4-LEG BRIDLE RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE, ROPE | VERTICAL 60° 45° 30° a Nene EIPS EEIPS | IPS EIPS EEIPS | IPS EIPS EEIPS | IPS EIPS EEIPS 22 24 7 19 14 17 099 oT 12 3337 26 29 21 26 1s 17 18 47 52 3741 37 21 24 26 | 63 7.0 5.0 35 6.0 41 45 49 29 _ ces 8.1 89 64 7.0 V7 52 57 63 37 4.0 45 e@ 0 iL 80 87 96 65 71 79 46 5.0 5.6 5B iu 12 14 =e iW 12 719 87 9.6 oe 68 a4 16 sus = 14 Le 16 nl) 12 13 78 8.6 94 78 2 23 235 18 20 22 1S. 16 18 10 il 12 1 nM 3B 3 2B py 2 2B B 1s 16 Ie) 3437 2» 32 35 m4 2% 2» 7 9 20 ee) 3% 8 2» 3 35 2 B25 18 50 55 60 43 47 52 35 eZ) 43 =| 7 30, M2 59 65 a Ss 56 62 42 46 50 29 32 36, 15/8 68 75 83 59 65 72 48 5h = 4 38 4 se | 79 8796 nr) 56 628 40 4448 1% | 90 99 109 Be 85) 95 64 7000 O77 4 50 5S. 2 | 2 113124 89 98 107 72 80 88 sl 56 2 2% | Ss 126 139 99 109120 81-89 «9B nn) 2M4 128 141 155 di 122 134 OL 100 110 64 70 7 28 ee 172 123 135 149 100 ee 122 7 78 86. rs 156 172 189 135, 149 164 110 121 134 8 86 94 e RATED CAPACITIES BASKET HITCH BASED ON Did RATIO OF 15 RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH ‘OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETER RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF 5 HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGREES SHALL NOT BE USED Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition * 31Section 1 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-5 HAND TUCKED SPLICE Fiber Core & IWRC PS Fiber Core. “These stings are not available in 2-LEG CHOKER RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE, ROPE VERTICAL 60° 45° w DIA. aN) Ob FN JP Zom™ 7 7 — IPS EIPS EEIPS | IPS EIPS EEIPS IPS EIPS EEIPS IPS_ FIPS EEIPS 4 0.77 0.84 0.93 0.66 0.73 0.80 054 0.60 0.66 038 042 0.46 56 12 13 14 10 Ld 12 0.84 0.93 1.0 0.60 0.66 0.72 3B 17 19 21 15 16 18 12 13 Ls O85 0.94 1.0 . S000) ed (esti oo 2 13 14 2 3.0 33 3.6 2.6 29 31 21 23 2.6 1S 16 18 m6 | 38 42 46 | 33 36 40 | 27 29 32 192123 SB 47 SA S57 40 45 49 33 36 40 23 2.6 28 wa 67 73 8.1 58 63 70 47 5.2 57 3.3 37 40 TB. 9.0 99 u 78 8.6 94 64 7.0 77 45 5.0 55 1 12 13, 14 10 I 12 83 On 10 59 64 TW Ve | 15 1618 30 415 i. i m i 1M 18, 20 22 16 7 19 13 4 15. 9.0 99 HW 13/8 22 eae 26 | 19 2 23 1S I7 19 ny 12 13 Ie 26 28 3 2 25 27 18 20 22 13, 14 16 15/8 30, 33 36 26 29 31 21 23 26 1s 16 18 Via 35, 38 42 30, 33 36 25 27 30 7 19 21 18 39 43 48 34 38, 4 28 31 34 20 22 24 2 4549 sa 4347 323538 2 2 27 2s 50 3S 61 43 48 53 35 39 43 25 28 30 2a ‘56 62 68 48 53 59 40 44 48 28 31 34 2% | 2 75 S459 65 444883 31M 38 2m | 68 75 83 9 652 a oss sk | 34K RATED CAPACITIES BASKET HITCH BASED ON D/d RATIO OF 15 RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH. ‘OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETE! RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF 5 HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGRE! 82 * Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition SHALLNOT BEUSEDSection 1 1-Part Slings MECHANICAL SPLICE Fiber Core & IWRC So LENGTH Leet — cenm a Wire Rope Technical Board - Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition * 33,Section 1 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-6 MECHANICAL SPLICE Fiber Core VERTICAL, CHOKER OR VERTICAL BASKET RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE, ROPE VERTICAL CHOKER VERTICAL BASKET DIAMETER (INCHES) i & Uw FIPS Ps EIPS 1S EIPS ua ost 056 038 042 10 Lt 56 079 087 0.60 0.66 16 17 38 lt 12 035 0.94 23 2s W6 15 17 13 3.1 34 V2 2.0 22 16 40 44 916 25 27 2 5.0 55 5/8 Be 34 2.6 6.2 68 a4 44 48 ) 37 88 97 18 6.0 6.6 5.0 12 aoe 1 75 83 64 15, 17 148 95 10 8.1 19 21 in 2B 3 99 2B 26 Da 4 5 u 2 28 rT 12 7 18 13, 14 33 36 4s 19 21 15 16 39 2 Bs 22 19 45 49 17s 25 2 St 56 2 | 29 25 58 8 RATED CAPACTHIES BASKET HITCH BASED ON Did RATIO OF 25 PD ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EVE WIDTH LING DIAMETER RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF 5 HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 34 DEGREES SHALL NOT BE 34 * Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition BDSection 1 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-7 MECHANICAL ‘SPLICE Fiber Core 2-LEG BRIDLE RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE ROPE | VERTICAL 45 30° DIA. an) 3 a~™. Ax js EIPS is ERPS IPS EIPS 1S EIPS 14 10 1 0.88 0.97 0.72 0.79 0.51 0.56 sni6 Tepe 7) 141s 1 12 079 087 We 23 2.0 22 16 18 Ll 12 TING 31 26 29 22 24 1S 7 2 4.0 34 38 28 31 18 22 @ 16 5.0 43 48 35 39 2527 SB 6.2 4 59 44 48 3.1 34 ws 88 76 84 6.2 68 44 4.8 TW 12 10 a as 93 6.0 6.6 1 1s 7 13 14 iW 12 75 83 1s 19 21 16 18, 13 1s, 9S 10 Ma 23 26 20 22 16 18, iba 13, 138 28 3h 27 20 n 4 15 Ve 3336 29 32 2 26 vB 158 39 a 33 37 27 30, 19 2 By 45 49 39 43 32, 35 22 25 1h SL 56 44 4 36 39 25 28 2 38 63, 50 55 41 45 29 32 @ emo nncimas aster crease oy vansr0 oF RATED CAPACITIES BASED ONIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH ‘OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETER RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF 5 HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGREES SHALL NOT BE USED Wire Rope Technical Board — Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Thitd Edition « 35Section 1 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-8 MECHANICAL SPLICE Fiber Core 3-LEG BRIDLE RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE ROPE VERTICAL 45° | 30° DIA. (IN) 133 “s amNY. ¥ t IPS EIPS IPS EIPS IPS EIPS a LS 7 lel 14 LL ie 0.76 0.84 56 24 2.6 20 23 7 18 12 13 3B 34 37 29 3.2 = 26 17 19 m6 46-50 40 44 32 36 23025 1n 59 65 5.1 57 42-46 30.33 ONG = 82 65 WW 53 58 37 41 58 93 10, 8.0 88 6.6 72 46 Sd 34 13, 15, I 13 93 10, 6.6 73 118 18 20 Is "7 B 4 8998 I 23 25 20 22 16 18 if 12 Vis. 28 31 25, 27 20 22 4 16 Wa 35 38 30, 33 25 QT 7 19 Vis 42 46 36 40 0 33 2 23 in 50 55 4“ 47 35 39 3% OF 15s 58 64 50, 55 41 45 29 32 ya 67 14 58 64 aT 52 33 37 V% 16 84 66 B s4 39 SS fF 2 86 os 75 82 61 67 43 48 36» Wire RATED CAPACITIES BASKET HITCH BASED ON Di/é RATIO OF 25, RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH, ‘OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETER RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OFS HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGREE |SHALL NOT BE USED '@ Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Thitd EditionSection 1 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-9 MECHANICAL SPLICE Fiber Core 4-LEG BRIDLE RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2.000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE, ROPE | VERTICAL \ 45° 30° DIA. ae IPs EIPS Is EIPS Irs EIPS EPS EIPS us 20 22 ie 19 416 10 A 5116 3235 2730 2202s 617 38 4550 3943 32.438 2325 7116 6167 53 58 43048 3134 wn 79° 87 6975 5662 4044 @ a6 10 "1 87 95 7A 18 5055 58 Ro. ul R 8796 62 68 34 B19 Is "7 2 1a 88987 78 246 21 2B "7 19 2 OB \ 30033 26 29 21 2 67 Ve 38a 33 36 2 29 2 Vs 47 SI 4044 33 36 2B 26 Die 56 82 48 33 4 48 2 3I Up 6B 7 8 47 32 3336 15s 7 8s 6 B sa 60 3D Di 89 7 85 83 0° 449 Vhs 12 88 2 n 9 sl 56 2 us 127 100110 81 90 8 8 eo. RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH. ‘OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETER RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF 5 HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGREES SHALL NOT BE USED Wire Rope Technical Board - Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition * 37Section 1 1-Part Slings TABLE RC 1-10 MECHANICAL SPLICE Fiber Core 2-LEG CHOKER RATED CAPACITY IN TONS OF 2,000 Ibs. RATED CAPACITIES SHOWN APPLY ONLY TO 6X19 AND 6 X36 CLASSIFICATION WIRE ROPE ROPE | VERTICAL 60 45° 0 DIA. (IN) Em JZ on™ * Fe FP IPS EIPS: IPS EIPS IPS EIPS IPS EIPS 4 0.77 0.84 0.66. 0.73 0.54 0.60 0.38 0.42 sN6 ia 13 Lo Ml 084 093 060 0.66 38 7 19 1s 16 12 13 085 094 TING 23 25 2.0 22 16 12 13 2 3.0 33 26 29 21 1S 16 96 38 42 33 3.6 27 19 21 5/8 47 3 4.0 45 33 23 26 34 67 73 58 63 47 33 37 718 90 99 18 86 64 45 50 1 12 13 10 i 83 =e bal 64 Ys 15 16 13 14 10 i TA BL 1 18 20 16, 17 13 4 9.0 99 138 = 24 = 21 1s 17 i 12 12 26 28 ers 25 18 20 3 14 We | 30 3 26 29 21 2B 15 16 13a 35 38 30, 33, 25 7 7 19 1s Bd B oy 38 28 31 20 es) 2 45 49 39 a 32 35 2 25 RATED CAPACITIES BASKET HITCH BASED ON D/d RATIO OF 25 RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON PIN DIAMETER NO LARGER THAN NATURAL EYE WIDTH. ‘OR LESS THAN THE NOMINAL SLING DIAMETER RATED CAPACITIES BASED ON DESIGN FACTOR OF 5 HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLES LESS THAN 30 DEGREES SHALL NOT BE USED 38 * Wire Rope Technical Board ~ Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, Third Edition