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Tutorial 1

This document contains a 3-page tutorial with 9 mathematical modelling problems related to concentrations and flows of substances in water. It provides concentration and volume information for various bodies of water, inflows, and outflows, and asks the reader to calculate resulting concentrations, flows, and masses based on this given data. Examples include calculating salt mass in estuarine water, concentration after mixing solutions, and determining flows needed from two reservoirs with different salt concentrations to achieve a target irrigation water concentration.

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Chong Cherng Wong
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436 views3 pages

Tutorial 1

This document contains a 3-page tutorial with 9 mathematical modelling problems related to concentrations and flows of substances in water. It provides concentration and volume information for various bodies of water, inflows, and outflows, and asks the reader to calculate resulting concentrations, flows, and masses based on this given data. Examples include calculating salt mass in estuarine water, concentration after mixing solutions, and determining flows needed from two reservoirs with different salt concentrations to achieve a target irrigation water concentration.

Uploaded by

Chong Cherng Wong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

MSG 327 Mathematical Modelling

S.Y. Teh

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES


UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA
MSG 327 Mathematical Modelling

TUTORIAL 1

1.

How much mass (in g) is contained in 2.5 L of estuarine water that has salt
concentration of about 8.5 ppt?

2.

If 2 10-6 lb of salt is introduced into 1 m3 of distilled water, what is the resulting


concentration in ppb (part per billion).

3.

You add 10 mL of a glucose solution to a 300 mL bottle and then fill up the remainder
of the bottle with distilled water. If the glucose solution has a concentration of
100 mg L-1,
(a) What is the concentration in the filled bottle?
(b) How many grams of glucose are in the bottle?

4.

Many lakes in temperate regions are thermally stratified, consisting of upper layer
(epilimnion) and a lower layer (hypolimnion). Onondaga Lake in Syracuse, New York,
had the following characteristics at the end of a recent summer:
Volume (m3)

Dissolved oxygen
concentration (mg L-1)

Epilimnion

12 106

8.3

Hypolimnion

9 106

1.0

Compute the oxygen concentration following a severe storm that mixes the lake from
top to bottom.

Page 1 of 3

MSG 327 Mathematical Modelling


S.Y. Teh

5.

You mix two volumes of water having the following characteristics:

Volume
Concentration

Volume 1

Volume 2

1 gal

2L

250 ppb

2000 mg m-3

(a) Calculate the concentration (mg L-1) for the mixture.


(b) Determine the mass in each volume and in the final mixture. Express your result in
grams.

6.

The allowable discharge BOD load from a municipality has been established by the state
regulatory agency at 2000 kg/day. If the flow is 2.0 m3/s, what is the allowable effluent
concentration in mg/L?

7.

You must measure the flow in a small brook. Unfortunately the channel is so irregular
and shallow that you cannot measure either the velocity or the cross sectional area
adequately. You therefore feed a conservative tracer with a concentration of 100 mg L-1
into the brook at a constant rate of 1.0 L min-1. Note that the tracer does not occur
naturally in the system. You then go downstream and measure a concentration of
5.5 mg L-1. What is the original flow rate in the creek in m3 s-1 ?

8.

A waste source enters a river as depicted in Figure 1.


(a) What is the resulting flow rate in m3 s-1 (cms)?
(b) If instantaneous mixing occurs, what is the resulting concentration in ppm?

Page 2 of 3

MSG 327 Mathematical Modelling


S.Y. Teh

River:
Ac = 100 ft 2
U = 1 fps
c = 200 ppb

Waste source:
Q = 10 MGD (106 gal d -1 )
c = 2 mg L-1

Instantaneous mixing:
Q = ? cms
c = ? ppm
Figure 1. River with a waste source

9.

You require 4 m3 s-1 of water with salt content of 0.1 g L-1 for irrigation purposes. You
have two reservoirs from which you can draw water (Figure 2). Reservoir A has a
concentration of 500 ppm whereas reservoir B has 50 ppm. What flow rate must be
pumped from each reservoir to meet the objective?

CA = 500 ppm
QA = ? cms

QB = ? cms
CB = 50 ppm

Figure 2. Two reservoirs with different salinity

Page 3 of 3

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