HYBEKA 7

Hydraulic Calculation
of Sewage Treatment Plants

SHORT DESCRIPTION

Version 7
July 2013

D-64297 Darmstadt Pfungstdter Strae 20

Tel. +49 (0) 6151/9453-0 Fax 9453-80
[email protected] www.bgswasser.de

HYBEKA 7
Contents

Short description

Contents
1

BACKGROUND .........................................................................................................1.1

PROGRAM STRUCTURE ..........................................................................................2.1

2.1 Data input ............................................................................................................2.1
2.2 Calculation procedure ..........................................................................................2.3

FIELD OF APPLICATION...........................................................................................3.1
3.1 Use as a planning tool .........................................................................................3.1
3.2 Use as a checking tool .........................................................................................3.1

EXAMPLE SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT ...............................................................4.1

4.1 System flow scheme ............................................................................................4.5
4.2 Element geometry ................................................................................................4.8
4.3 Additional information on losses......................................................................... 4.10
4.4 General data ...................................................................................................... 4.12
4.5 Results............................................................................................................... 4.14

ASSEMBLIES / CONTAINER .....................................................................................5.1

ADDITIONAL PROGRAMS ........................................................................................6.1

6.1 User interface ......................................................................................................6.1
6.2 Graphical presentation of the longitudinal cross section .......................................6.6

ORDERING THE PROGRAM, IT REQUIREMENTS ..................................................7.1

COMPARING HYBEKA WITH OTHER PROGRAMS .................................................8.1

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Background

Short description
1.1

Background

Hydraulic calculation is one of the most important engineering tasks in planning a sewage
treatment plant. It covers, for example, the

correctly leveled allocation of the different structures of a sewage treatment plant and
their trouble-free hydraulic functioning
minimization of flow-level losses and thus of plant operating costs
optimization of the altitude (height level) between inlet channel and receiving water
extension of existing plants through additional cleaning stages and their hydraulic integration in predefined height ratios

Calculation is to be carried out for different flows (night, dry weather and stormwater flow),
and often for many normal and special operational events. This is particularly time consuming for conventional processing, especially in the planning stage, as the dimensions of the
connecting flumes and pipes and the conduits often change, and the hydraulic longitudinal
profile must be adjusted repeatedly.
The DWA Technical Committee 2.11 "Design and Construction of Sewage Treatment
Plants" (DWA - German Association for Water, Wastewater and Waste) deals with the development of recommendations that found a certain resolution in 1995 with the submission of
the technical sheet A 106 "Design and Planning of Waste Water Treatment Plants". The
technical sheet describes, in note form, the need and the requirements for detail and quality
in hydraulic calculation at the various planning stages, but does not go into detail on the calculation itself. For this reason, Working Group 2.11.1 "Hydraulic Calculation of Sewage
Treatment Plants" was promptly founded. Its members address the content and basics of
sewage treatment plant calculation through publications and regular seminars (e.g. DWA
seminar no. 1270).
The work of planning engineers has been made significantly easier and clearer with the wide
availability of IT in the area of hydraulic calculation today. Consequently, there is now more
time for designing conceptually correct and hydraulically sound plants. IT enables considerable timesaving even for smaller sewage treatment plants.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Background

Short description
1.2

The engineering firm BrandtGerdesSitzmann Wasserwirtschaft Ltd., Darmstadt, has undertaken to

develop the concept for a user-friendly and practical IT programming system for hydraulic sewage treatment plant calculation
carry out the required programming and test work, and
introduce and make the IT program system available to the public.

Through the cooperation between the members of DWA working group 2.11.1, there is a
close relationship with DWA concepts, such that the completed IT program system rounds off
the working group's endeavor.
The IT program system

HYBEKA
provides engineers a convenient planning tool which determines the entire course of water
level, pressure and energy lines in the plant in a single calculation, even for very large and
multi-line plants. Various operating conditions and variants can be calculated quickly and
clearly. The positive experiences of many users from engineering firms and colleges confirm
the chosen concept.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Program structure

Program structure

2.1

Data input

Short description
2.1

Geometrical and hydraulic information must be provided for the calculation of a sewage
treatment plant with HYBEKA. The user enters the required data via the user interface HYBEKA7w, in four thematically structured input masks.

Flow path/system flow scheme

logical linking of the sewage treatment plant elements, wastewater and sludge flow
paths

Geometry
Element dimensions, e.g. of base heights, flume cross sections, pipe diameters, roughness

Hydraulic losses
Loss and overflow coefficients, e.g. for basin inlets, bends, toothed edges

General data
Variant identification, discharges, inlets and outlets, minimum and maximum velocities,
receiving water level

This data structure takes into account that the various input data are often subject to change
during planning. This is very advantageous when using the IT program system:

If dimensions change, only corrections to the geometry need be carried out (flows, flow
paths, loss coefficients do not change as a rule).
For different operational events, only general data needs to be adjusted (all remaining
data remains unchanged).
For plant extensions, only the added elements need to be inserted into the existing data.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Program structure

Short description
2.2

When setting up the input data, the sewage treatment plant is subdivided by the user into
hydraulic system elements as with a conventional calculation. The experiences of many users show that with these elements almost all calculation cases that can occur for a sewage
treatment plant are covered.
Note:

Pictogram

The identifier (1st capital initial character) of an element as it is shown in the pictogram in the following table is only self explaining in connection with the German
word for the hydraulic element type. The identifier is required for programming
purposes and may not be changed. In the following table you can find the German word and the English translation.
PictoElement type
gram

Element type

Description

Aufteilung
Division

Branching into
flow channels

Zusammenfluss
Confluence

Merging of flow
channels

Becken
Basin

(large) transport
route

Messstelle
Measuring flume

here: only
Venturi flume

Druckrohr
(Pressure) pipe

Transport route
with closed profile

Gerinne
Flume

Transport route
with open profile

Qzu/Qab
Qin/Qout

External
inflow/outflow

Rechen
Screen

screen, trash
rack

Sammelrinne
Collecting flume

Flow increase
along flow direction

Verteilrinne
Distribution flume

Flow decrease
along flow direction

Tauchrohr
Submerged
pipes

Basin outlet
with submerged
pipes

Ueberfall
overfall

Rectangular
weir,
toothed weir

Wand
Inlet/outlet wall

Wall-like cross
section with
openings

Pumpe
Pump

here:
only pump pit

HYBEKA7-short-description

Description

HYBEKA 7
Program structure

2.2

Short description
2.3

Calculation procedure

The input data collected via the HYBEKA7w user interface is stored in an ACCESS database. This is read by the calculation program HYBEKA.
Before actual calculation, HYBEKA checks the input data for completeness and plausibility.
At the same time, the specified volume flows are balanced and the elements' logical connection is assessed. Detailed log files contain references to erroneous entries and to warnings.
Hydraulic calculation is based on generally recognized calculation procedures for technical
hydraulics, as well as further methods for the calculation of collecting and distribution flumes
and immersion tubes. These basics are described in detail in the program documentation.
The following points should be highlighted:

Water level progression along a flume is calculated in sections any cross sections (also
for partially filled closed profiles). Here, the program takes into account that the oftenaccepted special case of "normal discharge" practically never occurs in sewage treatment plants.

Water amounts are divided by specified division ratios or iteratively by the actual hydraulic realities. The case just mentioned is effectively incalculable using conventional manual calculation, but is obviously of particular interest for multi-line plants and for the evaluation of special operational cases (e.g. for revisions).

Losses due to cross sectional contractions and extensions are automatically calculated
in accordance with Borda-Carnot. This represents a considerable work simplification for
the user, since most cross sectional transitions (e.g. piping-basin, flume-piping) are correctly calculated without needing to specify additional loss coefficients.

Existing hydraulic flow control in sewage treatment plants due to overfall sills and/or
pumping stations are only taken into account by HYBEKA if they are actually hydraulically efficient. If, due to e.g. a high water level of the receiving water, part of the plant is
backed up and overfalls are submerged, this is handled automatically in the calculation
(including generation of notes for the user).

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Program structure

Short description
2.4

Results output
The results (ERG) calculated by HYBEKA are output to an ACCESS results database and
to an ANSI table. All information for the hydraulic longitudinal profile is included for each element:

Element identification, line number, discharge

Length, invert heights and flume depths
Flow depths, water levels and energy levels
Wetted cross section and flow velocity
Hydraulic losses (divided into continual and individual losses)
Notes on flow-related peculiarities

The optional brief summary (ERK) only contains results for the elements previously selected by the user. Further outputs of results contain special information for divisions and confluences (QVE, division of flows). Logs (PKL) draw the user's attention to if present input
errors and peculiarities. If required, special results, e.g. for immersion pipes, are also shown.
The detailed results make the calculation easily understandable and checkable for the regulatory authorities.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Field of application

Short description
3.1

Field of application

The chosen concept enables use of the IT program system both as a planning tool in engineering firms, and as a checking tool for regulatory authorities.

3.1

Use as a planning tool

In planning sewage treatment plants and hydraulic calculation, conventional processing requires

specification of operational cases and creation of the associated flow diagrams,

subdivision of the plant into hydraulically isolated sections and single elements,
derivation of geometric dimensions from the plans to be collected for the calculation, and
assumption of hydraulic loss coefficients.

Apart from the creation of input files, applying HYBEKA requires no additional effort. Because the calculation results are generated very quickly, the effects of e.g. geometrical
changes on the hydraulic longitudinal profile can be discerned immediately. Further adjustments can be made and then the calculation can be executed again. Comments output in the
result printouts provide the user with further assistance.
Simple operation, quick calculation and clearly laid out results with user notes all make HYBEKA suitable as a planning tool. During construction and even during plant operation, you
can quickly evaluate changes to dimensions, loads, etc.

3.2

Use as a checking tool

Each step of hydraulic calculation with HYBEKA can be easily understood and checked by
regulatory authorities thanks to the clear input and output structure. All hydraulics fundamentals correspond to the considerations of the DWA Working Group 2.11.1 "Hydraulic Calculation of Sewage Treatment Plants" and are detailed in the manual.
The HYBEKA program system is available to various regulatory authorities for checking the
hydraulic calculation of sewage treatment plants. Responsible officials can then evaluate the
effects of e.g. increased flows, higher receiving water levels, initially unconsidered revision
cases etc.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Short description
4.1

Example sewage treatment plant

Input data and results from an example sewage treatment plant are explained in detail in the
comprehensive program documentation. To achieve maximum compatibility and flexibility,
besides the Access database, all input and output data is also available in ANSI format. Data
is input directly into the database via the user interface using simple and clearly structured
input masks.
Because of the concept's flexibility, input data can also be created with any text editor. The
data must only be saved as ANSI code for further processing, and imported into the database.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Short description
4.2

Before a hydraulic calculation can be carried out with HYBEKA, the "sewage treatment plant"
system must be stripped down into its separate hydraulic elements. To be able to distinguish
the individual elements, identifiers are added which may consist of up to 12 alphanumerical
characters. The first character is reserved for the element type; the remaining 11 characters
can be freely selected by the user.
Examples:
BA3D21
1st character
2nd character
3rd character
4th character
5th character
6th character

element type B Basin

Aeration unit
3rd line
Denitrification basin
2nd step
1st Basin

RS1F_1
1st character
2nd character
3rd character
4th character
Other characters

element type R Screen (Rechen)

Screen unit
1st line
Fine screen
sequential numbers

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Short description
4.3

As an alternative to
listing
the
entire
sewage
treatment
plant in single file
set, so-called "containers" can be created, each containing a special file set
of
a
subsection.
These containers are
linked to each other
for graphical editing,
as with normal elements.
Using
"containers"
you can exchange
similar
(modular)
subsections between
various
sewage
treatment plants.

This brief description only deals with the "grit chamber" section with two parallel, ventilated
chambers from the example sewage treatment plant. The inflow occurs over 5 vertical slots,
outlet over a square opening. Immediately below the grit chambers, the two lines are reunited in a connecting flume.
The arrangement and dimensions are presented as longitudinal and cross sections on the
following page.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

HYBEKA7-short-description

Short description
4.4

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

4.1

Short description
4.5

System flow scheme

Information on the sequencing for the individual elements must be input into the HYBEKA
program. You can create a system flow scheme simply and clearly with the graphical system
editor. The desired modules are placed in the diagram and connected with flow arrows. The
created system plans can also be used in other documentation (plans or explanatory report).
The following "grit chamber" section was entirely created in the system editor and was not
subsequently edited.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Short description
4.6

The tabular system flow scheme needed for the program is updated based on the graphical
information from the program in the background. The tabular flow path is presented for the
grit chamber section as follows (here as an ANSI file):
flow path
example treatment plant HYBEKA
appendix 2
calculation of the complete system
Page
1
stormwater flow QRW
HYBEKA 7.02
===============================================flow path (WEG)=============================================
I------------------------------------------I--------------I--------------I--------I---------I-------I-----I
I
S y s t e m
I Inlet
I Outlet
IDivisionI
Q
I Plot- I ERK I
I
Description
I Element
I I I % l/s I l/s I path I TAU I
I-+------------------------+I-+----------+-I-+----------+-I-+----------+-I------+-I-------+-I--+-+--I-+-+-I
I inflow to treatment plant I Q_ZU
I
I P_ZU
I
I 345.00 I
I
I
........
I channel after venturi
I G_M2
I M_M
I A_S
I
I
I
I E I
I-+------------------------+I-+----------+-I-+----------+-I-+----------+-I------+-I-------+-I--+-+--I-+-+-I
I div. before grit chamber I A_S
I G_M2
I V_S1
I 50.00 I
I
I E
I
I
I
I
I V_S2
I 50.00 I
I
I
I
I distributing channel 1
I V_S1
I A_S
I W_S1Z
I
I
I
I E I
I inlet wall 1
I W_S1Z
I V_S1
I B_S1
I
I
I
I E I
I grit chamber 1
I B_S1
I W_S1Z
I W_S1A
I
I
I
I
I
I outlet wall
I W_S1A
I B_S1
I G_S1
I
I
I
I E I
I outlet channel 1
I G_S1
I W_S1A
I Z_S
I
I
I
I E I
I distributing channel 2
I V_S2
I A_S
I W_S2Z
I
I
I
I E I
I inlet wall 2
I W_S2Z
I V_S2
I B_S2
I
I
I
I E I
I grit chamber 2
I B_S2
I W_S2Z
I W_S2A
I
I
I
I E I
I outlet wall 2
I W_S2A
I B_S2
I G_S2
I
I
I
I E I
I outlet channel 2
I G_S2
I W_S2A
I Z_S
I
I
I
I E I
I merging of grit chambers I Z_S
I G_S1
I G_S
I
I
I
I E I
I
I
I G_S2
I
I
I
I
I
I
I channel after grit chamberI G_S
I Z_S
I A_V
I
I
I
I E I
I-+------------------------+I-+----------+-I-+----------+-I-+----------+-I------+-I-------+-I--+-+--I-+-+-I
I divis. 1st settl. tank
I A_V
I G_S
I V_V1
I 50.00 I
I
I E I
I
I
I
I V_V2
I 50.00 I
I
I
I
........
I outlet channel to river I G_A
I Z_N
I
I
I
I
I E I
I-+------------------------+I-+----------+-I-+----------+-I-+----------+-I------+-I-------+-I--+-+--I-+-+-I

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Short description
4.7

The meaning of each column is explained below.

Name

Meaning

Description

Element description

Element

System element identifier

1st character = element type,
maximum 5 further alphanumeric characters for identification

Input

inlet element identifie

with the exception of the 1st element must be specified for all elements,
for confluences: identifier of the 2nd inlet in an additional line

Output

outlet element identifier

must be specified for all elements;
for divisions: identifier of the 2nd outlet in an additional line

Division

Discharge division in % of inflow or absolute in l/s.

Unspecified: iterative division calculation.

Plot path

specification of the flow path to be followed as divided by the plot program, or the "switching off" of an element from the plot path.

discharge in l/s

ERK/TAU

Taking into account the element in the *.ERK output file and creation of
a special results printout for immersion pipes.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

4.2

Short description
4.8

Element geometry

All required dimensions for the geometry data area are read from the site plans and sectional
drawings (geometry of the elements). Data for all elements is input via the same uniform input mask, which can be opened either directly or by double-clicking the element in the graphical system editor. For the "grit chamber" section, the optional geometry ANSI file is presented as follows:
Geometry
example treatment plant HYBEKA
appendix 3
calculation of the complete system
Page
1
stormwater flow QRW
HYBEKA 7.02
====================================Geometry (GEO)===================================
I--------------I---------------------I----------I-----------------------------------I
I Element
ILongitudinal GeometryIhyd.lossesI Inlet
- Cross section - Outlet I
I
I
zo
zu
L I k
c IT hs h
B IT hs h
B I
I--------------I---------------------I----------I-----------------I-----------------I
I
I masl masl
m I mm
- I- m
m
m I- m
m
m I
I-+----------+-I-------+------+-----+I----+----+I+----+----+----+-I+----+----+----+-I
I Q_ZU
I 101.00
I 1.00
IK
0.80 I
I
........
I G_M2
I 103.90 103.50 2.00I
IT
1.00 0.60 IT
1.40 0.60 I
I-+----------+-I-------+------+-----+I----+----+I+----+----+----+-I+----+----+----+-I
I A_S
I 103.50 103.50
I
IT
1.40 0.60 IT
1.40 0.50 I
I
I
103.50
I
I
IT
1.40 0.50 I
I V_S1
I 103.50
1.10I
IT
1.40 0.50 I
I
I W_S1Z
I 103.50
I
IT
1.40 1.10 I
I
I B_S1
I 102.40
25.00I
IT
0.00 0.40 I
I
I
I
I
I
0.40 0.80 I
I
I
I
I
I
0.80 1.40 I
I
I
I
I
I
2.50 1.40 I
I
I W_S1A
I 103.20
I
IT
1.70 1.00 I
I
I G_S1
I 103.20
1.00I
IT
1.50 0.50 I
I
I V_S2
I 103.50
1.10I
IT
1.40 0.50 I
I
I W_S2Z
I 103.50
I
IT
1.40 1.10 I
I
I B_S2
I 102.40
25.00I
IT
0.00 0.40 I
I
I
I
I
I
0.40 0.80 I
I
I
I
I
I
0.80 1.40 I
I
I
I
I
I
2.50 1.40 I
I
I W_S2A
I 103.20
I
IT
1.70 1.00 I
I
I G_S2
I 103.20
1.00I
IT
1.50 0.50 I
I
I Z_S
I 103.20 103.20
I
IT
1.50 0.50 IT
1.50 0.60 I
I
I 103.20
I
IT
1.50 0.50 I
I
I G_S
I 103.20 103.00 10.00I
IT
1.50 0.60 IT
1.70 0.60 I
I-+----------+-I-------+------+-----+I----+----+I+----+----+----+-I+----+----+----+-I
I A_V
I 103.00 103.00
I
IT
1.70 0.60 IT
1.70 0.50 I
I
I
103.00
I
I
IT
1.70 0.50 I
........
I G_A
I 102.00
20.00I
IT
1.50 0.60 I
I
I-+----------+-I-------+------+-----+I----+----+I+----+----+----+-I+----+----+----+-I

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Name

Meaning

Element:

Identifier as in system flow scheme

Short description
4.9

Longitudinal section geometry:

zo/zu
L

Canal bottom height above/below

Element length

Losses:

(Element-related information or details on calculation sections)

equivalent uniform grain roughness

continual losses as per Prandtl-Colebrook or
Manning-Strickler coefficient kst
Carnot coefficient for calculating the transitional energy loss due to
change of cross sections from one element to the next.
Not specified: automatic loss calculation for sharp edged transition.

Cross section
geometry:

cross section upstream (inlet) and downstream (outlet)

Variously sized and styled cross sections can be specified here.

Canal bottom type of the flow cross section

K
Circular canal bottom
T
Linear canal bottom (trapezoidal cross section)
hs
Rise at closed cross sections
Value pairs of profile height and width. For divided cross sections: multiline specifications. This kind of input considers all possible profiles occurring in sewage treatment plants. Simplified input for circular and linear outlines.

h, B

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

4.3

Short description
4.10

Additional information on losses

The Hydraulic Losses data input area records information on locally limited individual losses
as well as special geometry data, if the geometry data is insufficient for the hydraulically necessary description of the relevant elements. For the "grit chamber" section, the optional HVE
ANSII file is printed as follows:
Hydraulic losses
example treatment plant HYBEKA
appendix 4
calculation of the complete system
Page
1
stormwater flow QRW
HYBEKA 7.02
===========================================Head losses (HVE)===========================================
I--------------I------------------------------I-----------------I----------I--------------------------I
I Element
I Local losses IC.DischargeI
Geometry
I No. Dist.I Comment
I
I
I hve IZeta1 Zeta2I
n IT h,D Bu Bo I n
a I
I
I--------------I------I-----------I-----------I-----------------I----------I--------------------------I
I
I m I
- I
- I- m
m
m I m I
I
I-+----------+-I----+-I----+----+-I----+----+-I+----+----+----+-I---+----+-I-+-----------------------+I
........
I A_S
I
I 1.00 1.54 I
I
I
I 0.0 = Q1/Qtot division I
I
I
I 0.92 1.20 I
I
I
I 0.2
symmetric
I
I
I
I 0.92 0.95 I
I
I
I 0.4
angle = 90 deg.
I
I
I
I 0.95 0.92 I
I
I
I 0.6
A1/Atot=0.8
I
I
I
I 1.20 0.92 I
I
I
I 0.8
Idelchik Diagr. 7-3I
I
I
I 1.54 1.00 I
I
I
I 1.0 (Idelchik Diagr. 7-1I
I W_S1Z
I
I 1.50
I
IT 1.20 0.10
I 5
I 5 vertikal slots
I
I W_S1A
I
I 1.50
I
IT 0.60 0.60
I 1
I square outlet opening
I
I W_S2Z
I
I 1.50
I
IT 1.20 0.10
I 5
I 5 vertikal slots
I
I W_S2A
I
I 1.50
I
IT 0.60 0.60
I 1
I square outlet opening
I
I Z_S
I
I 2.78 2.78 I
I
I
I 0.0 = Q1/Qtot merging
I
I
I
I 1.92 1.92 I
I
I
I 0.2
A1/Atot=0.75
I
I
I
I 1.50 1.56 I
I
I
I 0.4
without partition I
I
I
I 1.56 1.50 I
I
I
I 0.6
angle = 90 deg.
I
I
I
I 1.92 1.92 I
I
I
I 0.8
Idelchik Diagr. 7-2I
I
I
I 2.78 2.78 I
I
I
I 1.0
I
........
I-+----------+-I----+-I----+----+-I----+----+-I+----+----+----+-I---+----+-I-+-----------------------+I

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Name

Meaning

Element

Identifier as in system flow scheme

Local losses
hve
Zeta 1/2

Constant loss of energy height

e.g. switch-on by waterlevel difference for screens
coefficient (Zeta) for loss of energy level

Coefficients

Overfall coefficient
Exponent for calculating reduction coefficient c

Geometry

Geometry of a single opening, tooth or contraction

T
h,D
Bu,Bo

Type of opening/contraction
K = circular opening, T = trapezoidal opening
Height or diameter of the opening
Lower/upper width of the opening

No. n
Dist. a

Number of openings
Axial distance of the opening

Comment

Free text description of the selected values

HYBEKA7-short-description

Short description
4.11

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

4.4

Short description
4.12

General data

In addition to the previously listed data, various general details are required. For example,
discharges and hydraulic constraints are entered here.
General data
example treatment plant HYBEKA
appendix 1
calculation of the complete system
Page
1
stormwater flow QRW
HYBEKA 7.02
===========================Basic Parameters (ALL)===========================
Headlines
---------

: example treatment plant HYBEKA

: calculation of the complete system
: stormwater flow QRW

Basic Settings
-------------------------------------------------------------------+-------+
Min. flow velocity.................................(warning) (m/s) :
0.30
Max. flow velocity.................................(warning) (m/s) :
1.50
Min. conduit width.................................(warning) (m) :
0.30
Max. conduit width.................................(warning) (m) :
10.00
Min. conduit height................................(warning) (m) :
0.30
Max. conduit height................................(warning) (m) :
10.00
Max. element length................................(warning) (m) :
50.00
Max. diff. of invert levels between in- and outlet (warning) (m) :
15.00
Max. number of lines in *.ERG and *.ERK-file............... (> 60) :
70
Datum elevation of invert level for *.GEO-file............. (masl) :
Water level at calculation end............................. (masl) :
Flows (feed and take out)
l/s
-----------------------+----------+-+------------------------------+-------+
Feed at element
Q_ZU
inflow to treatment plant
: 345.00
Feed at element
Q_B1A1
internal recirculation (+)
:
50.00
Feed at element
Q_B1A2
recycle sludge
: 100.00
Take out at element
Q_B1D1
internal recirculation (-)
:
-50.00
Take out at element
Q_B1N2
waste sludge N2 (-)
:
-3.00
Feed at element
Q_B2A1
internal recirculation (+)
:
50.00
Feed at element
Q_B2A2
recycle sludge
: 100.00
Take out at element
Q_B2D1
internal recirculation (-)
:
-50.00
Take out at element
Q_B2N2
waste sludge N2 (-)
:
-3.00
Take out at element
Q_N1
activated sludge (-)
: -100.00
Take out at element
Q_N2
activated sludge (-)
: -100.00

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Short description
4.13

Name

Meaning

headlines:

Text for more detailed description of the calculation variant

appears in results printout

Basic
settings:

Minimal/maximal permitted flow velocity

Note in the results printout on overshooting/undershooting in a connecting element (flume, pressure pipe)
Minimal/maximal flume width and height, maximal element length and
difference
invert
level
between
inand
outlet
level
Details on overshooting/undershooting in a warning log to identify input
errors
Water level at end of calculation
Initial value of the calculation at the lower end of the last calculation element

flows

For all "Q" elements of the flow path details in the ALL file:

Feed or Take out

Element identifier (as in flow path)

Text for more detailed description of the element

Inlet or outlet in [l/s] or [cbm/h]

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

4.5

Short description
4.14

Results

Calculation results are output as a database (MS Access) and as an ANSI file. The results
render the relevant values of the water level calculation in a submittable and checkable form.
With the results, the hydraulic longitudinal section of the plant can be drawn directly using the
corresponding additional program. Presented below in turn is only the section of the results
for the "grit chamber":

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Short description
4.15

Detailed results file

example treatment plant HYBEKA
appendix 6
calculation of the complete system
page
1
stormwater flow QRW
17.04.2013
===================================================== Results (*.ERG) ======================================================
(1) (2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6) (7)
(8)
(9) (10)
(11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)
(17)
I-----------I--------I-------I-----------------------------------------------------------I-------------------I-------------I
I Element OrI Flow- ILength I Invert Board Water Water Wetted Flow Energy Shear I Hydraulic losses I Comment
I
I
derI rate Iof
I level
level level level cross- velo- level stress I Wall Inst- Inter-I
I
I
I
IElementI
section city
I frict. all. sect. I
I
I
I m3/s I m I masl
m
m
masl
m2
m/s
masl N/m2 I m
m
m I
I
I-----------I--------I-------I-----------------------------------------------------------I-------------------I-------------I
I..........
I A_S
1I 0.345 I
I 103.500 1.40 0.69 104.187 0.41 0.84 104.223
oI
0.033/ 0.033 I
I
I
1I 0.173 I
I 103.500 1.40 0.68 104.176 0.34 0.51 104.189
oI
0.000 I
I
I
3I 0.173 I
I 103.500 1.40 0.68 104.176 0.34 0.51 104.189
oI
0.000 I
I
I V_S1
1I 0.173 I
I 103.500 1.40 0.68 104.176 0.34 0.51 104.189 0.72 oI 0.000 0.000
I
I
I
1I 0.086 I 0.55 I 103.500 1.40 0.69 104.186 0.34 0.25 104.189 0.18 oI
0.000 I
v
I
I
**I 0.000 I 1.10 I 103.500 1.40 0.69 104.189 0.34 0.00 104.189 0.00 oI
I
I
I W_S1Z
1I 0.173 I
I 103.500 1.40 0.68 104.176 0.34 0.51 104.189
oI
0.007
I
FS I
I
1I
I
I 103.500 1.40 0.67 104.168 0.33 0.52 104.182
oI
0.014 I
FS I
I B_S1
1I 0.173 I
I 102.400 2.50 1.77 104.168 2.04 0.08 104.168 0.02 oI 0.000 0.000
I
I
I
1I
I 25.00 I 102.400 2.50 1.77 104.168 2.04 0.08 104.168 0.02 oI
0.000 I
I
I W_S1A
1I 0.173 I
I 103.200 1.70 0.96 104.157 0.36 0.48 104.168
oI
0.018
I
I
I G_S1
1I 0.173 I
I 103.200 1.50 0.94 104.144 0.47 0.37 104.151 0.37 oI 0.000 0.000
I
I
I
1I
I 1.00 I 103.200 1.50 0.94 104.144 0.47 0.37 104.151 0.37 oI
0.000 I
I
I V_S2
3I 0.173 I
I 103.500 1.40 0.68 104.176 0.34 0.51 104.189 0.72 oI 0.000 0.000
I
I
I
3I 0.086 I 0.55 I 103.500 1.40 0.69 104.186 0.34 0.25 104.189 0.18 oI
0.000 I
v
I
I
**I 0.000 I 1.10 I 103.500 1.40 0.69 104.189 0.34 0.00 104.189 0.00 oI
I
I
I W_S2Z
3I 0.173 I
I 103.500 1.40 0.68 104.176 0.34 0.51 104.189
oI
0.007
I
FS I
I
3I
I
I 103.500 1.40 0.67 104.168 0.33 0.52 104.182
oI
0.014 I
FS I
I B_S2
3I 0.173 I
I 102.400 2.50 1.77 104.168 2.04 0.08 104.168 0.02 oI 0.000 0.000
I
I
I
3I
I 25.00 I 102.400 2.50 1.77 104.168 2.04 0.08 104.168 0.02 oI
0.000 I
I
I W_S2A
3I 0.173 I
I 103.200 1.70 0.96 104.157 0.36 0.48 104.168
oI
0.018
I
I
I G_S2
3I 0.173 I
I 103.200 1.50 0.94 104.144 0.47 0.37 104.151 0.37 oI 0.000 0.000
I
I
I
3I
I 1.00 I 103.200 1.50 0.94 104.144 0.47 0.37 104.151 0.37 oI
0.000 I
I
I Z_S
1I 0.173 I
I 103.200 1.50 0.94 104.144 0.47 0.37 104.151
oI
0.032
I
I
I
3I 0.173 I
I 103.200 1.50 0.94 104.144 0.47 0.37 104.151
oI
0.032
I
I
I
1I 0.345 I
I 103.200 1.50 0.90 104.098 0.54 0.64 104.119
oI
0.000 I
I
I G_S
1I 0.345 I
I 103.200 1.50 0.90 104.098 0.54 0.64 104.119 1.07 oI 0.004 0.000
I
I
I
1I
I 10.00 I 103.000 1.70 1.10 104.101 0.66 0.52 104.115 0.71 oI
0.000 I
I
..........
I-----------I--------I-------I-----------------------------------------------------------I-------------------I-------------I
Remarks:
0 Iteration steps

Channel overflow or underwater level higher than weir crown but total overflow
u
Head water level under level of weir crown
d
Pressure flow
gr Supercritical/torrential flow at lower cross section
dE No convergence of energy level in case of a given division of flow
v/V Minimum/maximum velocity warning
uv Submerged overflow at weir or no critical depth in venturi channel
he Difference of water levels for the water level control is insufficient
FS Gravity flow at element with closed cross section
** No flow at outlet of distribution or collection channel
' Submerged overflow calculated by weir formula

orifice with gravity flow calculated by sluice formula

============================================================================================================================
PROGRAMM HYBEKA (c) BrandtGerdesSitzmann Wasserwirtschaft GmbH, Darmstadt 2013
HYBEKA 7.02

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Example sewage Treatment Plant

Short description
4.16

The table header contains the headings as specified by the general details, a variable attachment number, page numbering, and the date on which the file was created. The results
for all the elements are listed in the order determined by the system flow scheme (one line
each for the upper and lower cross section). Elements without linear development (overfalls ,
walls are only documented by one single cross section. Elements with a division or a confluence have up to four results rows.
Nr.

Meaning of the colums

(1)
(2)

Element identifier
Order of the flow line
The order number identifies the different discharge lines in the plant
(e.g. treatment lines, parallel chambers) beneath divisions
Discharge in cross section
Element length, or positioning
Canal bottom height
Canal bottom-related height of the cross section profile according to geometry
Calculated water level (canal bottom-related)
Calculated water level (in masl)
Flow cross section
Mean velocity
Energy level
shear stress on channel bottom
Identifier for open "o" or closed "g" profile
Continual losses
Individual losses in the element according to the specifics of the hydraulic
losses (e.g.: bend losses)
Individual losses at the transition due to change of cross sections from one
element to the next between in accordance with Borda-Carnot
Comments on characteristics of flow or calculation process
(legend: footer text of the results file)

(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14)
(15)
(16)
(17)

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Assembly/Container

Short description
5.1

Assemblies / container

A sewage treatment plant may be divided into individual assemblies, so-called containers,
that can be worked on separately. The containers are linked via a main-system (reference
plan). There are file sets (database and system plan) respectively for the main-system and
containers (C_SCREEN, etc.) which allow for composing alternatives of a sewage treatment
plant in accordance with the modular design principle.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Additional programs

Additional programs

6.1

User interface

Short description
6.1

The User interface is designed for Windows operating systems and, allows convenient
processing of HYBEKA projects. For the most part, using the program is self-explanatory.
Any required information can be displayed in case of doubt via the help function. The functionality was organized to contain the necessary features and options for practical work. Care
was taken to ensure that usage is as simple and clear as possible. Operation of the user interface assumes knowledge of basic Windows commands and conventions.
The following should be mentioned as special features:

The graphical system editor enables you to easily and clearly describe the flow path
through the sewage treatment plant. Thanks to additional graphical functionality (texts,
legends, title blocks, graphics, frames) complete, print-ready system plans can be created directly with the system editor.

While working with the HYBEKA program you may access a table which is part of the
package and can be expanded by the user. It offers the possibility to easily and conveniently select or enter default values for loss coefficients (e.g. bends, divisions). Thus, you
may enter your frequently used loss coefficients directly as default values without the
need for literature research and laboriously entering the respective values into the input
mask.

The following screen shots give an initial impression of the Windows user interface.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Additional programs

Data entry mask

HYBEKA7-short-description

Short description
6.2

HYBEKA 7
Additional programs

Data entry for loss coefficients

HYBEKA7-short-description

Short description
6.3

HYBEKA 7
Additional programs

Graphical system editor

Program call

HYBEKA7-short-description

Short description
6.4

HYBEKA 7
Additional programs

Results database

Help

HYBEKA7-short-description

Short description
6.5

HYBEKA 7
Additional programs

6.2

Short description
6.6

Graphical presentation of the longitudinal cross section

The BGSPlot program graphically displays water levels, as calculated by HYBEKA, in longitudinal cross section on screen. The user then has the following options:

Visual control of the water levels and energy levels

Editing the layout on the screen for plotter/printer output
Export as EMF/WMF/BIT files for import into text-based (word processing) and CAD systems.

The program is structured such that editing the graphical longitudinal cross section on screen
is the initial focus (e.g. page size, scale, labeling logs, etc.). This procedure means that only
one area of the calculated sewage treatment plant can be dealt with on screen at a time.
Browsing the pages and all the results (summary) files is easily accomplished via various
functions.
On the following page, a reduced DIN A1 plot for the upper area from inlet to activated
sludge unit in the DEMO7 sewage treatment plant is presented.

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Additional programs

HYBEKA7-short-description

Short description
6.7

HYBEKA 7
Ordering the program, IT requirements

Short description
7.1

Ordering the program, IT requirements

You can order the IT program HYBEKA and additional programs from:
BrandtGerdesSitzmann Wasserwirtschaft GmbH
Pfungstdter Strae 20, D-64297 Darmstadt
http://www.bgswasser.de
You then receive the license agreement and if necessary a maintenance and support
agreement, with a request to sign. As soon as we have received the signed contracts, we will
send you the programs along with the detailed program documentation.
If you have further questions or require further information, please contact Dr Hermann Zai
(Tel.: 06151/9453-12 (switchboard -0), Fax: 06151/9453-80, e-mail: [email protected]).
Minimum hardware and software requirements
The following minimum requirements must be met in order to run HYBEKA on your personal
computer:
Hardware:

Software:

Minimum 256 MB RAM

VGA card and 15" VGA monitor
(resolution at least 800 x 600, small type)
Disk space for complete installation approx. 10MB

Operating systems Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000, XP, Vista, 7

optional: Microsoft ACCESS 2000 or later

HYBEKA7-short-description

HYBEKA 7
Comparing HYBEKA with other programs

Short description
8.1

Comparing HYBEKA with other programs

To compare HYBEKA with other programs, you should basically consider the very points that
are important for sewage treatment plant calculation. For HYBEKA all of the following questions can be answered positively.

Can the hydraulic element "distribution flume" be calculated?

Can distribution and collection flumes be impinged by 2 system elements (e.g. collection
flumes with overfall on both sides)?
Can contorted collection flumes be calculated?
Is a genuine iterative division calculation possible (e.g. for multi-line plants)?
Can loss coefficients also be predefined, where possible, as flow-dependent for confluences and divisions?
Can partially filled closed profiles be calculated? Are full and partial fill levels in pipings
automatically identified?
Can divided cross sections be calculated?
Can flumes optionally be calculated either according to Darcy-Weisbach or ManningStrickler?
Are transition losses (most losses occurring at a sewage treatment plant are of this type)
automatically calculated (e.g. according to Borda-Carnot), or must at least one loss coefficient be specified respectively?
Can loss coefficients be taken from a database that the user can expand?
Is the calculation easily checkable and analyzable through the separated display of all
individual losses?
Is the calculation step size dx automatically adjusted, or must this be provided constantly?
Can parallel lines be quickly and easily duplicated using the copy functions during data
entry?
Do input and output data have to be output in a "reasonable" format so that they can be
attached to an explanatory report (import into word processing)?
Is it possible to perform section-specific calculations and output selective results?
Can a large sewage treatment plant (e.g. of more than 500 elements) be calculated?
Can a large sewage treatment plant be represented and calculated by individual assemblies?
Does the plot program allow "reasonable" editing on the screen (can the numbers still be
read), or can only a plot preview be used?

HYBEKA7-short-description