Problem 1
Moist air at 30C,1.01325 bar has a relative humidity of 80%. Determine without
using the psychrometry chart
1) Partial pressures of water vapour and air
2) Specific humidity
3) Specific Volume and
4) Dew point temperature (V.T.U. July2004)
Solution : At 30C from table ps = 4.2461kPa
p
ps
p = 0.8 x 4.2461 = 3.397kPa
0.622 p
3.397
= 0.622 x
p p
101.325 3.397
= 0.213 kg/kg of dry air.
Corresponding to Pv =3.397 kPa from tables, we get dew point temperature = 28.9C
Problem 2:
Atmospheric air at 101.325 kPa ha 30C DBT and 15C DPT. Without using the
pschrometric chart, using the property values from the table, Calculate
1. Partial pressure of air and water vapour
2. Specific humidity
3. Relative humidity
4. Vapour density and
5. Enthalpy of moist air
Solution :
p = 101.325kpa = 1.01325bar
DBT = 30C ,
DPT = 15C
From table
Corresponding to DBT = 30C, we have ps = 0.042461bar
Corresponding to DPT = 15C, we have p = 0.017051bar
Partial pressure of air = p - p = 1.01325 0.017051
= 0.984274 bar
Specific humidity = 0.622
p 0.622 x0.017051
=
pa
0.984274
= 0.01077kJ/kg of dry air
p
0.017051
Re lative humidity = =
= 0.4015
ps 0.042461
= 40.15%
Enthalphy = 1.005t db + (2500 + 1088t db )
= 1.005x30 + 0.010775(2500 + 1.88x30)
= 57.69kj/kg of dry air
Specific volume of dry air, a =
RT
P
0.2872x303
= 0.874m3 / kg
0.98425 x100
0.010775
Vapour density w =
=
= 0.12kg / m3
a
0.847
=
Problem 3:
Air at 30C DBT and 25C WBT is heated to 40C. if the air is 300 m3/min, find
the amount of heat added/min and RH and WBT of air. Take air pressure to be 1 bar
Solution:
At 25C WBT from tables pwswbt=0.03166 bar
p = ( PVS ) wbt
( p pswbt )(tdb t wb )
1547 1.44t wb
(1 - 0.03166)(30 - 25)
1547 1.44 x 25
= 0.0284 bar
= 0.03166 -
1 = 0.622
p
p p
0.0284
= 0.622
1 0.0284
= 0.0179kJ / kg of dry air
At 40C DBT
PVS = 0.07375bar
During sensible heating and p remain constant
p = 0.0284bar
RH = =
p
0.0284
=
ps 0.07375
= 0.385 = 38.5%
H 2 = 1.005 x 40 + 0.0179(2500 + 1.88 x 40)
= 86.29kJ/kg of dry air
( p p )V
RT
2
(1 - 0.0284)x300x10
=
= 335.18kg / min
0.287 x303
Heat added/min = 335.18(86.29 - 76) = 3449kJ/min
Weight of 300m3 / min ofair =
From chart WBT = 27.2C
Problem 4:
One stream of air at 5.5m3/min at 15C and 60% RH flows into another stream of
air at 35m3/min at 25C and 70%RH, calculate for the mixture
1) Dry bulb temperature, 2) Wet bulb temperature 3) Specific Humidity and 4)
Enthalpy
Solution:
For air at 15C and 60%RH, V=5.5m3/min
ps = 0.017051bar
RH = =
p
ps
p = 0.6 x0.017051 = 0.01023bar
(p - p )V (1.01325 0.01023) x10 2 x5.5
=
RT
0.287 x 288
m1 = 6.672kg / min
Mass of air =
1 =
0.622 p
0.622 x0.01023
=
(p - p ) (1.01325 0.01023)
= 0.006343kg / kg of dry air
H1 = 1.005t db + 1 (2500 + 1.88t db )
= 1.008x18 + 0.006343(2500 + 1.88x15)
= 34.12J/kg of dry air
For air at 25C and 70% RH,
V = 35m3 / min
Ps = 0.03169bar
= RH =
p
ps
p = 0.03169 x0.7 = 0.02218bar
H1 = 1.005t db + 1 (2500 + 1.88t db )
= 1.008x18 + 0.006343(2500 + 1.88x15)
= 34.12J/kg of dry air
For air at 25C and 70% RH,
V = 35m3 / min
Ps = 0.03169bar
= RH =
p
ps
p = 0.03169 x0.7 = 0.02218bar
(1.01325 - 0.02218x102 x35)
Mass of air =
0.287 x 298
m 2 = 40.55kg. min
0.622 x0.02218
= 0.01392kg / kg of dry air
(1.01325 0.02218)
H 2 = (1.005 x 25) + 0.01392(2500 + 1.88 x 25)
2 =
H 2 = 60.59kJ / kg of dry air
Mass of dry air/Unit mass of moist air
m a1 =
6.672
m1
=
= 6.6299
1 + 1 1 + 0.006343
Since m a2 =
m2
40.55
=
= 39.993
1 + 2 1 + 0.01392
Then enthalpy of the mixed air,
H mix =
ma1 ( H1 ) + ma 2 ( H 2 )
m1 + m2
6.6299(34.12) + 39.993(60.56)
6.672 + 40.55)
= 55.96 kJ/kg of dry air
=
Specific Humidity of the mixed air,
m ( ) + ma 2 (2 )
mix = a1 1
m1 + m2
(6.6299x0.006343) + (39.993x0.01932)
6.672 + 40.55
= 0.01268kg/kg of dry air
But H mix = 1.005t db + mix (2500 + 1.88t db )
=
55.96 = 1.005 xt db + 0.01234(2500 + 1.88t db )
t db = 24.42C
DBT of the mixture = 24.42C
From chart WBT = 19C
RH = 67%
Problem 5:
An air conditioning system is designed under the following conditions
Outdoor conditions: 30CDBT, 75% RH
Required indoor conditions: 22CDBT,70% RH
Amount of Free air circulated 3.33 m3/s
Coil dew point temperature DPT=14
The required condition is achieved first by cooling and dehumidification and then
by heating. Estimate
1) The capacity of the cooling coil in tons of refrigeration
2) Capacity of the heating coil in kW
3) The amount of water vapour removed in kg/hr
Solution:
Locate point ' a' 30C DBT, 75%RH out door condition
Locate point ' d' 22C DBT, 70%RH required condition
Locate point ' b' 14C DPT, coil surface temperature
Join ab
at d, draw a horizontal line to cut the
line ab at point c.
ac cooling and dehumidification
cd heating
From chart
H a = 83kJ / kg of air
H b = 40kJ / kg of air
H d = 53kJ / kg of air
H c = 48kJ / kg of air
Wa = 0.0202kg / kg of dry air
Wc = Wd = 0.0118kg / kg of dry air
Vsa = 0.88m3 / kg
V 3.33
Mass of air =
=
= 3.78kg / s
Va 0.88
Capacity of cooling coil =
ma ( H a H c )
3.5
3.78(83 48)
= 37.84tons of refrigeration
3.5
Capacity of heating coil = m a ( H d H c )
=
= 3.78(53 - 48) = 18.92kW
Amount of water vapour removed = m a (a d )3600
= 3.78(0.0202 - 0.0118)3600
= 114.3kg/hr
Problem 6:
A summer air conditioning system for hot and humid weather (DBT=32Cand
70% RH)
Consists in passing the atmosphere air over a cooling coil where the air is cooled
and dehumidified. The air leaving the cooling coil is saturated at the coil temperature. It
is then sensibly heated to the required comfort condition of 24C and 50%RH by passing
it over an electric heater then delivered to the room.
Sketch the flow diagram of the arrangement and represent the process undergone
by the air on a skeleton psychometric chart and determine
1) The temperature of the cooling coil
2) The amount of moisture removed per kg of dry air in the cooling coil.
3) The heat removed per kg of dry air in the cooling coil and
4) The heat added per kg of dry air in the heating coil
From chart
H a = 86kJ / kg of air
H b = 38kJ / kg of air
H c = 48.5kJ / kg of air
a = 0.021kg / kg of dry air
b = 0.0092kg / kg of dry air
The temperature of the cooling
coil = Tb = 13C
Amount of moisture removed = a b
= 0.021 - 0.0092 = 0.0108kg/kg of dry air
Heat removed = H a H b = 86 38
= 48 kJ/kg of dry air
Heat added = H c H b = 48.5 38
= 10.5 kJ/kg of dry air
Locate point ' a' 32C , 70%RH out door condition
Locate point ' c' 24C DBT, 50%RH required condition
At c draw a horizontal line to cut the saturation
line at point ' b'
Join ab
ab cooling and dehumidification
bc heating
Problem 7
It is required to design an air conditioning plant for an office room with the following
conditions.
Outdoor conditions: 14CDBT, 10CWBT
Required conditions: 20CDBT,60% RH
Amount of air circulated 0.3m3/min/person
Starting capacity of the office= 60
The required condition is achieved first by heating and then by adiabatic humidifying.
Determine the following.
Heating capacity of the coil in kW and the surface temperature required, if the by pass
factor of the coil is 0.4
Capacity of the humidifier.
Locate point ' a' 14C , and 10CWBT (out door condition)
Locate point ' c' 20C DBT, 60%RH required condition
At a draw a horizontal line
At ' c' draw a constant enthalpy line to cut the
horozontal line at point ' b'
Join ab
ab heating
bc adiabatic humidification
From chart
H a = 30kJ / kg of air
H b = H c = 43kJ / kg of air
a = b = 0.006kg / kg of dry air
c = 0.00875 kg/kg of dry air
Specific volome Vsa = 0.8175m3 / kg
0.3x60
= 0.3m3 / sec
60
V
0.3
Weight of air supplied m a =
=
Va 0.8175
Volume of air supplied = V =
= 0.3669kg/sec
Capacity of the heating coil = m a ( H b H a )
= 0.3669(43 - 30) = 4.77kW
From chart Tb = 26.5C
Let coil surface temperature be Td
By passing factor =
Td Tb
= 0.4Td 5.6 = Td 26kJ
Td Ta
0.4 =
Td 26.5
Td 1.4
Td = 34.8C
Capacity of the humidifier = m a (c b ) x3600
= 0.3669(0.00875 - 0.006)3600
= 3.63kg/hour
Problem 8
An air conditioned system is to be designed for a hall of 200 seating capacity when the
following conditions are given:
Atmospheric condition = 300C DBT and 50% RH
Indoor condition = 220C DBT and 60% RH
Volume of air required = 0.4m3/min/person
The required condition is achieved first by chemical dehumidification and after
that by sensible cooling.
Find the following .
a) DBT of the air leaving the dehumidifier.
b) The quantity of water vapour removed in the duhumidifier per hour.
c) The capacity of cooling coil in tons of refrigeration.
d) Surface temperature of the coil if the by pass factor of the coil is 0.25.
Solution:
c
d
220C
300C
DBT
Locate point a, 300C DBT, 50% RH, the atmospheric condition.
Locate point c, 220C DBT, 60% RH, the required indoor condition.
Since chemical dehumidification process follows constant enthalpy line
at a draw a line parallel to constant enthalpy line.
At c draw a constant line to cut the previous line at point b.
a) DBT of air leaving the dehumidifier Tb = 40.50C
From chart
Hb = Ha = 65kJ/kg, a = 0.013 kg/kg of dry air
Hc = 45 kJ/kg, b = 0.009 kg/kg of dry air
Vsa = 0.875 m3/min
Volume of air = 200 X 0.4 = 80 m3/min
Wa = Weight of air = V/Vsa = 80/0.875 = 91.42 kg/min
b) Quantity of water vapour removed/hour = Wa(a-b)60
= 91.42(0.13-0.009)60 = 21.94 kg/hr
c) Capacity of cooling coil = Wa(Ha-Hb)/ (60 X 3.5) = 91.42(65-45)/(60 X 3.5)
= 8.7 tons
d) By pass factor = (Tc-Td)/( Tb-Td) = 0.25
Td = Temperature of cooling coil = 15.830C
Problem 9
An air conditioned system is to be designed for a cinema hall of 1000 seating capacity
when the following conditions are given:
Outdoor condition = 110C DBT and 70% RH
Required indoor condition = 200C DBT and 60% RH
Amount of air required = 0.3m3/min/person
The required condition is achieved first by heating, then by humidifuing and finaly by
heating. The condition of air coming out of the humidifier is 75% RH.
Find the following .
a) Heating capacity of the first heater in kW and condition of the air coming out of
the first heater in kW and condition of the air
Solution:
c
d
220C
300C
DBT
Locate point a, 300C DBT, 50% RH, the atmospheric condition.
Locate point c, 220C DBT, 60% RH, the required indoor condition.
Since chemical dehumidification process follows constant enthalpy line
at a draw a line parallel to constant enthalpy line.
At c draw a constant line to cut the previous line at point b.
e) DBT of air leaving the dehumidifier Tb = 40.50C
From chart
Hb = Ha = 65kJ/kg, a = 0.013 kg/kg of dry air
Hc = 45 kJ/kg, b = 0.009 kg/kg of dry air
Vsa = 0.875 m3/min
Volume of air = 200 X 0.4 = 80 m3/min
Wa = Weight of air = V/Vsa = 80/0.875 = 91.42 kg/min
f) Quantity of water vapour removed/hour = Wa(a-b)60
= 91.42(0.13-0.009)60 = 21.94 kg/hr
g) Capacity of cooling coil = Wa(Ha-Hb)/ (60 X 3.5) = 91.42(65-45)/(60 X 3.5)
= 8.7 tons
h) By pass factor = (Tc-Td)/( Tb-Td) = 0.25
Td = Temperature of cooling coil = 15.830C
