SUBJUNCTIVE
I.
INFINITIVE IN SUBJUNCTIVE
1. In slogans, wishes
Example:
Long live the Queen!
God bless God bless you!
Be that as it may..
Come what may..
God save the Queen!
Manners be hanged
May you have a good luck!
2. S + (V1)(any tense) + that + S2 + V2 (bare infinitive)
Example:
The doctor advised her to take more exercises.
The doctor advised that she take more exercises.
I prefer that John go with us.
He moved that she be in that house.
V1 can be:
advise
ask
command
demand
insist
move
prefer
propose
recommend
require
stipulate
suggest
3. It + (be) (any tense) + that + S2 + V2 (bare infinitive)
Example:
It is important that he leave early.
Adjectives can be:
advised
necessary
recommended
urgent
important
obligatory
required
imperative
decree
order
request
urge
mandatory
proposed
suggested
vital
II.
PAST TENSES IN SUBJUNCTIVE
1. As if /as though
a. Unreal
One tense back rule
He talks as if he knew everything (in fact he doesnt)
He is talking as if/as though he had seen ghost himself (in fact he did not).
b. Real: Any tense
You look as if you are worrying about something.
It seems as if he is going to fall down.
2. Its (high/about) time + S + Ved
Example:
You are supposed to have been on bed already.
Its time you were on bed.
3. S1 + would rather + S2 + Ved
Example:
Im too busy today so Id rather he did he shopping
S1 + would rather + S2 + had + PII = past wish
I would rather you hadnt told her my plan.
= I wish you hadnt told her my plan.
III.
OTHER SUBJUNCTIVES
Dng din t mt c mun hoc mt li nguyn ra, thng bao hm cc th lc siu nhin.
God be with you = Good bye.
Curse this toad: Cht tit ci con cc ny.
Dng vi ng t May trong mt s trng hp c bit sau:
o Come what may = D th no chng na, d bt c truyn g.
Come what may we will stand by you.
o May as well not do sth .... if .... = C th ng..... nu khng.
You may as well not come if you can't be on time.
Cc anh c th ng n nu khng n c ng gi.
o May/Might (just) as well do smt = Chng mt g m li khng, mt g ca b.
Since nobody wants that job, we might (just) as well let him have it:
V khng ai thch vic ny, mnh chng mt g m li khng cho hn ta lm n
o May din t mt li ngh m ngi ni cho rng cha chc n c thc hin:
The sign on the lawn says clearly that people may not walk on the grass.
(khng dng should trong trng hp ny).
o May + S + link verb + adj hoc May + S + verb + complement (Cu chc cho).
May you both very happy: Chc cc bn bch nin giai lo.
May the conference be successful: Chc hi ngh thnh cng rc r.
Long may she live to enjoy her good fortune: Chc cho nng sng lu hng vn may ca
nng.
If need be = If necessary = Nu cn
If need be, we can take another road.
Dng vi ng t to be, b to sau if ch mt s gi nh cha c phn nh r rng l ng hay sai.
If that be right, then it would be no defence for this man to say he's innocent.
Let it be me: Gi s l ti, gi phi tay ti.
- Husband: Let it be me.
- Wife (suddenly appearing) : If that be you, what would you do.
Be that as it may... = whether that is true or not... = Cho d l phi th hay khng.
Be that as it may, you have to accept it.
Then so be it: C phi vy thi.
If we have to pay $2,000, then so be it (th c phi tr thi)
Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences without changing the meaning:
1. It's necessary that he meet as many local people as possible.
It's necessary as many local people as possible.
2. It's important that you have your car checked by a mechanic.
It's important ..by a mechanic.
3. It is essential that we have a first-aid kit in the car.
It's essential .. a first-aid kit in the car.
4. His idea is that we should travel in two different cars.
His idea is ..in two different cars.
5. It is usual that students leave everything for the day before the exam.
It is usual ..everything for the day before the exam.
6. It is desirable that you make your application as early as possible.
It is desirable ..your application as early as possible.
7. It is vital that the documents arrive by tomorrow.
It is vital .. by tomorrow.
8. It is unusual that people should call after ten.
It is unusual ..after ten.
9. It is desirable for players to understand the rules before starting the game.
It is desirable ..the rules before starting the game.
10. It's important for you to be on time for the exam.
It's important ..on time for the exam.
11. It's vital for young people to have a lot of friends.
It's vital ..a lot of friends.
12. It is imperative for me to speak to you as soon as possible.
It is imperative ..to you as soon as possible.
13. It is vital for the team to get a new trainer if they want to win.
It is vital ..to new trainer if they want to win.
14. It is really important for him to pass all his exams.
It is really important ..all his exams.
15. It is essential for us to speak English if we want to work in tourism.
It is essential ..English if we want to work in tourism.
Exercise 2: Put each verb in brackets into a suitable form.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I would say it was time you (start) _____working seriously.
Id rather you (not watch) _______television while I'm reading.
I wish I (spend) ______more time swimming last summer.
Helen is so bossy. She acts as if she (own) ____the place.
I wish you _____(not keep) coming late to class.
Suppose a complete stranger _______(leave) you a lot of money in their will!
I wish I (go)______to your party after all.
Id rather you ______(sit) next to Susan, please.
The government demanded that the ambassador (be) _______recalled. go
You are lucky going to Italy .I wish I (go) _____with you.
Exercise 3: Correct the error or errors in each sentence.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
I wish I bought that old house.
Id rather you dont eat all the bread.
Its time I go.
I wish I own a motorbike.
I wish we are not leaving in the morning.
Sue would rather reading than watching television.
Come what comes Ill be on your side.
I hope it would stop raining
Id prefer you didnt wait.
10. I wish I didnt listen to you before.
Exercise 4: Rewrite these sentences without changing its meaning.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
We really must discuss this again. Its important that.
Its a pity you were driving so fast. I wish you.
Jack prefers me not to say anything about the missing money. Jack would rather ..
The manager insisted on our wearing dark suits. (WEAR)
It would be better if you didnt stay long (RATHER)
I wish I hadnt sold that old painting. (PITY)
Jack doesnt know all the answers, though he pretends to. (ACTS)
Id rather have beer than wine (PREFER)
I should really be leaving (TIME)
Everyone wished they had listened more carefully to the lecture. Everyone regretted..
Is it better for me to leave? Would you.
Exercise 5: Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets
1. It's important that she (remember)________to take her medicine twice a day.
2. I suggest that Frank (read)______the directions carefully before assembling the bicycle. He doesn't want the
wheels to fall off while he
is riding down a hill
3. Mrs. Finkelstein demanded that the heater (repair)______immediately. Her apartment was freezing.
4. It's vital that the United States (focus)_______on improving its public education system. What we do now will
affect our country for
generations to come.
5. The monk insisted that the tourists (enter) ______the temple until they had removed their shoes.
6. I am not going to sit here and let her insult me. I demand that she immediately (apologize) ______for what
she just said.
7. Judy asked that we (attend)
her graduation ceremony next week.
8. Was it really necessary that I (sit) ________there watching you the entire time you were rehearsing for the
play? It was really boring watching you repeat the scenes over and over again.
9. It is important to remember that Janine (think)____very differently from you. She may not agree to the changes
you have made in the organization of the company.
10. It's a little difficult to find the restaurant. I propose that we all (drive)_____together so that nobody gets lost
along the way.
11. The woman insisted that the lost child (take)________to store's information desk so his parents could be
paged.
12. The nutritionist recommended that Sally (reduce)______her daily fat intake.
13. The environmental leader felt it was extremely important that the people of the city (allow) _____to voice
their concerns over the new hotel being built on the bay.
14. She told me that the government (regulate)_______the airline industry. I don't know if that is true.
15. The sign at the pool recommended that you (swim)________after eating a large meal.
16. It is necessary that a life guard (monitor)_______the summing pool while the children are taking their
swimming lessons.
17. The sun is scorching today. I suggest that you (put)______on sunblock immediately before you get a sun
burn.
18. John insists that Sarah (invite)______to the wedding; otherwise he will not attend.
19. I think it's an interesting fact that she (come)______ from Estonia.
20. It is imperative that the world (work)______towards a solution to global warming before the weather patterns
of the world are
disrrupted irreparably.
