A Shelter guide

Updated July 2013

Homeless?
Read this
The rules on how and
when the council has
to help you

Homeless? Read this

You can ask your local councils housing department for help if you
have nowhere to stay or are likely to lose your home in the next 28
days. The council is legally required to give you advice and help you to
find a place to live. Depending on your situation, you might also be
entitled to accommodation.
Even if the council has already told you that it doesnt have to help
you, orthatit cant provide you with a home, you can use this guide to
check whether the reasons it has given you are legally correct.
If theyre not, you may be abletotake action.
This guide only offers an introduction to the law in England. If you need
more detailed information, you should get advice from a Shelter advice
service or citizens advice bureau, or call Shelters free housing advice
helpline 0808 800 4444 (open 8am to 8pm Mon to Fri and 8am to 5pm
on weekends. Calls are free from UK landlines and main mobile
networks).

Shelters free online housing information

[Link]/advice

If you live in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland the law may be

different and you should contact Shelter Cymru, Shelter Scotland
or the Housing Rights Service (see page 28).

Contents
Where can I get help?

What will happen if I apply as homeless?

Applying as homeless

What must the council do?

Am I legally homeless?

Am I eligible for assistance?

Am I in priority need? 10
Will I get temporary accommodation?

13

The council wont help

14

Im not in priority need

15

Am I intentionally homeless?

15

What is a local connection?

17

Flowchart: Steps to a homelessness decision

19

Flowchart: After a private rented sector offer

20

How must the council help?

21

Settled accommodation

21

I disagree with the councils decision

24

Where to get further advice

25

Contact Shelter

27

Useful organisations

28

Homeless application letter

29

Where can I get help?

Most people who dont have anywhere to live, or who are about to lose
their home, can get help from their local council. Some people are also
entitled to accommodation. If you are homeless, or likely to become
homeless within the next 28 days, contact your local council and tell
them that you want to make ahomelessness application. If you are
about to become homeless, tryto do this before leaving your current
home. (See page 29 for an example of a Homelessness application
letter that you can use.)
If there is time, it may help if you go to a Shelter advice service or
citizens advice bureau before you apply (see pages 2728). An adviser
can give you an idea of what you might be entitled to. Alternatively, s/he
maybe able to help you keep your current home, even if you are behind
with your rent or mortgage, or if youve been told you have to leave.
If the council has already told you it doesnt have to help, read the
relevant sections of this guide, or visit [Link]/advice to check
whether the reasons the council has given are legally correct. If theyre
not, you may be able to take action (see page 24).
If you are certain that you are not entitled to help from the council, or
you want information on your housing options, see Shelters free guide
Finding a place to live.
If you need to speak to an adviser immediately, call Shelters free
housing advice helpline on 0808 800 4444.

What will happen if I apply as homeless?

The flowchart on page 19 gives an overview of the rules on how the
council has to help. If you can show you are within the legal definitions
of homeless (see page 7), eligible for assistance (see page 8) and
priority need (see page 10), the council must:
nn
nn

make sure you have somewhere to stay while it looks into your situation
find somewhere for you to live longer term, unless it decides you
made yourself homeless intentionally (see page 15).

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

If you are homeless or threatened with homelessness and eligible for

assistance but not in priority need and not intentionally homeless, the
council must assess your housing needs before giving you advice and
assistance to help you find somewhere to live.

Applying as homeless
To apply as homeless, go to your local councils homeless persons
section or housing options team, which is usually part of the housing
department. It may help to take a friend or adviser with you.
It is very important to make it clear that you are homeless or soon will
be. One way to do this is to fill in the letter on page 29 and give it to
the council. Date the letter and keep a copy. Make a note of the name
of the person you speak to at the council because you may need to
speak to them again. You should also take:
nn

ID (eg passport, birth certificate)

nn

proof of your income (eg wage slips, child benefit book)

nn

your tenancy agreement (if you have one)

nn

if you are being evicted, any letters you have received from your
landlord/lender, or the court.

If the council office is closed there should be an emergency service

you can call. Ring the town hall number or ask at a police station. If
you need help with this, contact a Shelter advice service or citizens
advice bureau (see pages 2728).
Applying as a homeless person is not the same as being on the waiting
list for permanent council housing or another council housing scheme.
You may want to apply to join these waiting lists as well, so you have
a better chance of getting permanentaccommodation. Ask the council
about the waiting list andany other schemes in the area. See Shelters
free guide Council tenancies for more information.

[Link]/shelterguides

Housing options
Many councils have housing option or homelessness prevention
schemes. The council can help you to find alternative accommodation,
usually a private tenancy, or help you keep your current home, but it
must not refuse to accept an application from you if you are homeless
or threatened with becoming homeless. If it does refuse, get advice from
a Shelter advice service or citizens advice bureau (see pages 2728).

Who can apply?

If you are homeless or likely to become homeless during the next four
weeks, the council must allow you to apply. But it only has to help you
if you are eligible for assistance. A number of people from abroad are
not eligible for assistance for more information see page 8.

What must the council do?

The council has a legal responsibility to help people who are, or soon
will be, homeless. How much help it has to give you depends on your
situation. The flowchart on page 19 gives an overview of the rules.
While it is looking into your situation, the council may have to provide
you with somewhere to live. Sometimes it will make a decision on the
same day as you apply.
First, the council will check three things:
nn

that you are, or soon will be, homeless (see page 7)

nn

that you are eligible for assistance (see page 8)

nn

that you are in one of the priority need groups (see page 10).

The council will then check:

nn

whether you are intentionally homeless (see page 15)

nn

if you have a local connection in the area (see page 17).

These terms have special legal meanings. The council will ask for
details about your situation so take any important papers with you,
such as a court eviction order, notice from your landlord or your rent

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

book. The council may ask to see your passport to check whether you
are eligible for assistance.
If the council thinks you are homeless and eligible for assistance and in
priority need, you must be given temporary accommodation while the
council looks into your situation. However, this does not necessarily
mean that the council will have to find you longterm accommodation.
Make sure the details you give to the council are correct. If you arent
sure, say so. Giving false information could be a criminal offence.

Am I legally homeless?
The legal definition of homelessness covers more than being out on
the streets. You should be considered homeless if:
nn

you have nowhere to live in the UK or anywhere else in the world

nn

you cant stay in your home because of violence or threats ofviolence

nn

nn

nn
nn

nn

you have nowhere you can live together with your family or anyone
else who lives or could reasonably be expected to live with you, for
example your children, partner or carer
you dont have permission to stay where you are, for example if
youre a squatter
youve been locked out of your home and are not allowed back
your home is a boat, mobile home or caravan and there is nowhere
you are allowed to put it
you have somewhere to live but it isnt reasonable for you to stay
there. This may be due to serious overcrowding, very bad conditions
affecting your health, or because you cannot afford your housing costs.

You can also apply to the council if you are likely to become
homeless within 28 days. This includes circumstances where:
nn

youve been taken to court by your landlord and the court has said
you must leave within 28 days

[Link]/shelterguides

nn

youve been living with friends or relatives and theyve asked you
to leave within 28 days.

If you have more than four weeks before you have to leave where you
are living, you should still contact the council who may be able to help
you find somewhere else to live, or to stay in your home longer. You
can also go to an advice service if you cant find one in your area,
search Shelters Advice services directory at [Link]/advice
or call our free housing advice helpline on 0808 800 4444.
If you are leaving care, hospital, or prison, you can ask your personal
adviser, social worker or probation officer to help you apply to the
council. You may be in priority need (see page 10).

Am I eligible for assistance?

Most people are eligible for assistance. However, some people from
abroad are not eligible. You are probably not eligible for assistance if:
nn

nn

nn
nn

you are an asylum seeker. Most asylum seekers get temporary

housing arranged by the UK Border Agency, a part of the Home
Office (see page 28 and Shelters free guide Asylum seekers and
refugees for more information)
you are from abroad and have limited rights to remain in the UK,
or you have stayed longer than the time you were allowed
you are from abroad and you arent entitled to claim public funds
you are in the UK illegally (the council can investigate your
immigration status and inform the Home Office if it thinks you
came to the UK illegally).

If you are unsure of your immigration status, you may need to get help
from an immigration adviser (see page 28).

Habitually resident
If you are not habitually resident in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle
of Man, or the Irish Republic you will not be eligible for assistance.

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

If you have come to, or recently returned to the UK after living abroad,
even if you are a British citizen, the council will check whether you are
habitually resident. The check looks into where you normally live.
The length of time you have to have been living in the UK to be
habitually resident will depend on your individual circumstances. If you
had been habitually resident before, moved abroad and then returned
to the UK, you should be habitually resident straight away.
If you are an EU or EEA worker or self-employed person you are
automatically treated as habitually resident.

Help if you are not eligible

If you are not eligible for assistance, the council doesnt have a duty
to you under homelessness law. But you may be entitled to help from
social services. The homeless persons section of the council should assist
you to get help from social services if they think you will qualify. The law
in this area is complicated so get advice as soon as you can from a
Shelter advice service or citizens advice bureau (see pages 2728).

European nationals
You will be eligible for assistance if you are from an European Union
(EU) or European Economic Area (EEA) country and you are working or
self-employed in the UK. Your family members may also be eligible for
assistance. If you are a worker from Croatia, Bulgaria or Romania you
may also have to have obtained a worker authorisation certificate to
be eligible. (If you are from Bulgaria or Romania, restrictions are due to
end on 31 December 2013.) See the table on page 10 for information
on which countries are EU and EEA countries.

[Link]/shelterguides

European Union countries

Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria (joined in
January 2007)
Croatia (joined in
July 2013)
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland

Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania (joined in
January 2007)
Slovenia
Slovakia
Spain
Sweden
the UK

European Economic Area countries

The EU countries plus Iceland, Liechtenstein,
Norway, and Switzerland.

Am I in priority need?
The rules below about priority need applies to England. If you live
in Wales, contact Shelter Cymru or visit [Link] (see
page 27). In England, you are in priority need if you:
nn

or someone you live with, is pregnant

nn

are responsible for dependent children

nn

are homeless as a result of flood, fire or other disaster

nn

are a vulnerable person (see below)

10

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

nn

nn

are aged 16 or 17, unless social services has a responsibility for you
(see page 12)
are aged 1820 and were looked after by social services (even for
one day) when you were aged 16 or 17 (unless you are a student in
full-time higher or further education whose accommodation is not
available during the holidays, in which case social services has to
help you until you are 24).

Vulnerable people
When deciding whether you are in priority need because you are
vulnerable, the council should look at your situation as a whole and
decide whether your circumstances mean that you are more likely to
suffer injury or harm if you had to sleep on the streets than other
people would in the same situation.
For example, the council may decide you, or someone you live with,
is vulnerable because:
nn

of old age

nn

you have a physical or mental illness ordisability

nn

you are over 20 and are vulnerable because you were in care

nn

nn

you were in the armed forces or prison, custody or detention

in the past
you can no longer stay in your home because someone has been
violent or abusive towards you or has threatened you with violence.
This includes anyone facing harassment due to her/his gender,
ethnic origin or religion.

It may help if a doctor, social worker, health visitor or probation officer

supports your application. Take any medical evidence you have with
you to the council.

Children
If your relationship has broken down and your children live with you,
the council shouldnt insist upon you having a court order to prove the

[Link]/shelterguides

11

childrens residence. If it does, get advice from a Shelter advice service

or citizens advice bureau.
You may still be in priority need if:
nn
nn

nn

you share looking after your children with your ex-spouse orpartner
your children cant live with you but would do if it were not for your
housing problem
your children are in care because of your housing problems.

16- and 17-year-olds

You are in priority need if you are aged 16 or 17 unless social services
is responsible for you (see below).
If you are homeless because you left home, the council may check
whether there is a possibility of reconciliation with your family. But it
cannot make you return to a family home, particularly if it is not safe
for you to do so.
Social services will be responsible for you if:
nn

nn

you are a relevant child. This means that at some time from the
age of 14 you were looked after by social services for at least
13 weeks and you have been looked after at some time while you
were 16 or 17
social services says you are a child in need to whom it has to
provide accommodation.

Most homeless 16- and 17-year-olds will be a child in need, and this
means that social services will usually have the duty to accommodate
you and to provide you with any other support you need.
However, if you are homeless today you should get immediate help with
temporary accommodation from the councils homeless persons section.
It should then make sure you get further help from social services.

Care leavers aged 18 to 20

The housing department has a responsibility towards young people
aged between 18 and 20, if after the age of 16, they have:

12

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

nn

lived in a hostel or voluntary housing scheme

nn

been in residential care

nn

been in foster care

nn

been housed by social services.

Care leavers aged over 20 may be vulnerable (for more information,

see page 11).

Will I get temporary accommodation?

If the council believes you are homeless, eligible for assistance and in
priority need, it must make sure that you have somewhere to live while
it makes its inquiries into your application. This may mean that it will
arrange somewhere for you a bed and breakfast hotel, hostel, flat or
house. If you have children or are pregnant, you can only be placed in
a bed and breakfast if its an emergency and nothing else is available.
Even then, the council can only house you there for a maximum of
six weeks.

What if the accommodation isunsuitable?

If what you are offered is unsuitable you should tell the council why.
Dont refuse the offer without speaking to an independent adviser first,
as the council may not offer you anywhere else. You can move into the
property and still ask the council to review its offer, it may then move
you elsewhere. If the council doesnt change its decision, get advice
to check whether there is anything you can do to get more suitable
accommodation.
The council may agree to you staying with friends or relatives, but
you should check with a Shelter advice service or citizens advice
bureau how this will affect your rights before you decide to do so
(see pages 2728).
The council also has a duty to look after your possessions but can
make a reasonable charge for this.

[Link]/shelterguides

13

When the council finishes its inquiries, it must write to tell you what its
decision is and give reasons if it decides not to provide you with
longer-term accommodation.

Paying for short-term accommodation

You may have to pay towards the cost of the short-term accommodation
you have been given. The charges must be reasonable. If you feel they
are not, contact a Shelter advice service or citizens advice (see pages
2728). If you are on benefits or a low income, you should be entitled to
get housing benefit to help pay the rent (for more information about
housing benefit see Shelters free guide Housing benefit).

The council wont help

The council is legally required to consider all applications properly.
Always make a note of the name of the person you speak to. If youre
not happy with the way you are being treated, ask to speak to a more
senior person.
Most people have a legal right to be given advice and help, even if
theyre not entitled to housing. The council should not turn you away
without considering your application. If it decides it cannot help you or
asks another council to help you instead, the council must tell you why
in writing.
Once you have received a written decision letter, get advice if you think
its wrong or unfair. Doing this can make a big difference. An adviser
can check whether the councils decision has been made correctly. If it
hasnt, s/he may be able to help you request a review or appeal to the
county court (see page 24).
You may have rights that are protected by law, and an adviser may be
able to help you get what youre entitled to. Contact a Shelter advice
service or citizens advice bureau or law centre (see pages 2728), or visit
[Link]/advice; or call Shelters free housing advice helpline on
0808 800 4444;
If the council says you are intentionally homeless, see page 15.

14

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

If it says another council has to help you because you have no local
connection, see page 17.

Im not in priority need

Even if you arent in priority need (see page 10), the council must look
at your housing situation. It must then advise and help you find
somewhere else to live or help you to keep your home. It should give
you information about accommodation that suits you and should tell
you about places that you could try, for example housing associations,
hostels or private landlords. The council can offer you accommodation
if there is any available, but this is unlikely to happen in areas, like
London, where there is not enough housing.
You should also be allowed to apply to go on the waiting list for
permanent council housing, or other schemes the council has. If you
are told you cant do this, ask the council to put it in writing and then
get advice. For information on your housing options see Shelters free
guide Finding a place to live.

Am I intentionally homeless?
The council will look into why you became homeless. If it finds that
becoming homeless was your fault, it can decide you made yourself
intentionally homeless. It may decide this if it believes that:
nn

you chose to leave a home you could have stayed in

nn

you did not pay the rent or mortgage when you could have afforded to

nn

you arranged to be made homeless to take advantage of the system.

The council should not say you are intentionally homeless if:
nn

nn
nn

you could not afford to live in your home unless you went without
food or heating
you left home because of violence or fear of violence
your home went with your job and you lost your job through no fault
of your own

[Link]/shelterguides

15

nn

nn

nn

nn

nn

you lost your home because of rent or mortgage arrears, which built
up because of circumstances beyond your control, for example job
loss, wage cut or problems with benefits
you sold your home because you got into mortgage arrears through
financial difficulties and you were going to lose your home if you
didnt sell
someone elses actions made you lose your home and you didnt
know what they were doing, or didnt agree with what they were
doing but couldnt stop them
you lost your home because you didnt know your rights, for example
you didnt know that your landlord needed a court order to get you
out, or that you could get housing benefit to help pay your rent
it wasnt reasonable for you to remain in your home because it was
seriously affecting your health.

If the council says you are intentionally homeless and you are in priority
need, it must still house you temporarily.
If you have children, the housing department must, if you agree, refer
you to social services for help. Social services can help you find
somewhere to live. They may pay for your accommodation for a short
time while you look for somewhere to live, and/or they may give you
money to give to a landlord for a deposit on a property.
Sometimes social services will say that they can only house your
children. If this happens, get advice from a Shelter advice service
or citizens advice bureau (see pages 2728).
If you dont want the councils housing department to ask social
services to help you or if you dont have any children, the housing
department must give you some help finding somewhere else to live.
It should give you accommodation for a long enough period for you to
find somewhere, although depending on your circumstances this may
only be 28 days. You should be able to put your name on the council
waiting list for housing. The council may have other housing schemes
you can apply for as well.

16

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

What is a local connection?

Most people will apply for help from the local council in the area they
live if they become homeless. However, you can apply to any council
you wish. It is unlawful for a council to turn you away or tell you to
apply to another council because you do not have a local connection
with their area.
If the council decides you are homeless, eligible for assistance, in
priority need and not intentionally homeless, it can then check to see
if you have a local connection in the area.
You have a local connection with an area if you (or someone in
your household):
nn
nn

nn

nn

have a job in the area

live, or have lived, in the area for at least six months in the last year
or three of the last five years
have a close relative who has lived in the area at least five years
this is usually restricted to a parent, adult child, brother or sister
you wish to live near to
need to live in the area for a special reason, such as to receive
specialist health care or because you had lived in the area for
a long time in the past.

Time you spent in an institution such as a prison or hospital, will not

usually count as a local connection. If youve been living in one of
these places and the council says you dont have a local connection,
get advice from a Shelter advice service or citizens advice bureau
(see pages 2728).
If you claimed asylum and have now been granted leave to remain or
refugee status, and you had accommodation provided by the UK
Border Agency, you will have a local connection with the area in which
that accommodation is situated. If you were housed in more than one
area, you have a local connection with the most recent area.

[Link]/shelterguides

17

I dont have a local connection

If the council decides that you are homeless, eligible for assistance,
in priority need and not intentionally homeless but dont have a local
connection with its area, it can ask another council to help you. But
there are steps that must be taken when one council is going to ask
another council to house you.
If the council says that you have a connection elsewhere and you dont
want to move to that area or you dont agree with the decision, get advice
from a Shelter advice service or citizens advice bureau (see pages 2728).
You cant be sent there until the proper steps have been followed or
before the other council has agreed to help you.

I have ties with more than one area

If you have a local connection with the council you applied to, it cant
ask another council to house you because you have stronger ties with
the other councils area. If you have no local connection with the council
you first went to but have ties with more than one other council, you
should be asked which of the areas youd prefer to live in before one
of those councils is asked to house you.

Ive left because of violence

Even if you have no local connection with the council you applied to,
it cannot send you back to an area where you would be at risk of
violence or threats of violence.

I dont have a local connection anywhere

If you dont have a local connection anywhere, the council cannot refer
you to another council for housing.

18

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

Flowchart: Steps to a homelessness decision

A council has to ask certain questions and follow certain steps to
decide if and how to help you if you are homeless.

Are you eligible for

assistance? (see page 8)

No

The councils housing department does not have to help

you. But you may be entitled to help from social services
or the UK Border Agency (if you are an asylum seeker).

Are you classed as

homeless? you dont have
to be sleeping on the
streets (see page 7)

No

Are you likely

to lose your
home within
28 days?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Are you in priority need?

(see page 10)
No

No

The council must give you advice

and may be able to help you keep
your home. If you cant keep your
home, go to Are you in priority
need?

The council must give you advice about finding

somewhere to live. It may provide housing for you but it
doesnt have to. NB. If you are homeless again within
two years of accepting a private rented sector offer, see
page 23 and the flowchart on page 20.

Yes
The council must offer
you accommodation
while it looks into your
situation. Continue to
the next question.

Are you intentionally

homeless? (see page 15)

The council must allow you to stay in the accommodation

Yes for a reasonable time while you find somewhere else to
live normally 28 days, but this will vary according to your
circumstances.

No
Do you have a local
connection? (see page 17)

Yes

No

Do you have a local

connection with another
area, where you are not at
risk of violence?

Yes

The council can refer

you to the council in
the other area, but it
doesnt have to.

No

The council must provide longer-term temporary housing until you are able to move into
settled accommodation. This may be in a private tenancy (see page 23).

[Link]/shelterguides

19

Flowchart: After a private rented sector offer

This set of rules apply if you are homeless again after accepting settled
accommodation in a private rented tenancy (see page 23).

Is it more than two years since you accepted the private

rented sector offer?

Yes

Use the flowchart on

page 19.

No

Use the flowchart on

page 19.

No
Is this the first time you have applied to the council
as homeless after you accepted the private rented
sector offer?
Yes
Are you eligible for
assistance? (see page 8)

No

The councils housing department does not have to help

you. But you may be entitled to help from social services.

No

The council must try to help you keep your home. If the
council cant stop the eviction, move to the next
question.

Yes
Has the section 21
notice your landlord
gave you expired
(see page 23)?
Yes
Are you intentionally
homeless? (see page 15)

No

Yes

The council must make sure you have accommodation

for a reasonable time while you find yourself somewhere
else to live normally 28 days, but you may get longer.

No
Have you applied to the
same council as the last
time you became
homeless?

The council must provide temporary housing until it can

Yes offer you settled accommodation (see page 21).

No
Are you at risk of violence
in the area of the council
you applied to last time?

No

The council may refer you to the council that arranged

your private rented sector offer. That council must
provide temporary housing until you are able to move
into settled accommodation (see page 21). One of the
councils must provide you with accommodation during
the referral period.

Yes
The council you have applied to this time must provide temporary housing until you are
able to move into settled accommodation, which may be a private tenancy (see page 21).

20

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

How must the council help?

If the council has decided you are homeless, eligible for assistance,
in priority need, not intentionally homeless and it is not referring you
to another council, it has an ongoing duty to provide you with
accommodation.
Depending on where you live, you may have to stay in temporary
accommodation until the council finds you longer-term accommodation.
If you have children or are pregnant, you can only be placed in a bed
and breakfast if its an emergency and nothing else is available. Even
then, the council can only house you in a bed and breakfast for a
maximum of six weeks.
If you are homeless because it is not reasonable for you to remain in
your home, the council may be able to expect you to remain there until
it finds suitable accommodation for you.
You may have to wait a long time before you are offered settled
accommodation.

Settled accommodation
As long as there are no problems in the temporary accommodation,
there is no limit to the amount of time you can stay. You can normally
stay until the council offers you either:
nn
nn

nn

a council tenancy
a final offer of an assured tenancy with a private rented landlord
or housing association
a private rented sector offer (see page 23).

The council must be satisfied that the accommodation you are offered
is suitable for you and must also inform you that:
nn

nn

you have the right to ask the council to review the offer if youthink
the accommodation is unsuitable
if you refuse the offer, the council wont have to help you any more
and you will have to move out of your temporary accommodation.

[Link]/shelterguides

21

If you are not given this information when the offer is made, then it
doesnt count as a final offer.
You may have a reason for thinking the offer is unsuitable, perhaps
because of your health, the size of the accommodation, or the location.
You are allowed to ask the council to review the offer and tell it why
you think the accommodation is unsuitable. However, if the
accommodation is found to be suitable and you did not accept the
offer, then the council does not have to offer you another property. For
this reason, it is strongly advisable to accept the offer even if you
dont think its suitable.
If you move out of your temporary accommodation before you have
been offered another property, or are evicted from the temporary
accommodation (perhaps because you did not pay the rent or you
caused a nuisance), then the council may not have a duty to find you
somewhere else. If you are in this situation, get advice from a Shelter
advice service or citizens advice bureau to check whether you are
entitled to any more help (see pages 2728).

Council tenancy
The council may offer you a council tenancy. You may be offered
a choice of more than one council property but this is unusual. Many
councils now run choice-based lettings schemes where you have to
bid for vacant properties. For more information see Shelters free guide
Council tenancies.
A council tenancy may be an introductory tenancy (a type of trial
tenancy) for the first 12 months. After that, the tenancy will
automatically become a secure or flexible tenancy, although the trial
period can be extended if the council is worried about your behaviour.
Secure and flexible tenants have very strong rights.

Assured tenancies
You may be offered a tenancy from a housing association or an
assured tenancy from a private landlord. Or you may be able to bid
for a housing association tenancy though the councils choice-based
lettings schemes. Assured tenants have strong rights. If you accept

22

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

an offer of an assured tenancy, the council will not have a responsibility

to continue to provide temporary accommodation.

Private rented sector offer

If you applied for help because you were homeless on or after
9 November 2012 the council may offer you a private rented sector
offer as settled accommodation. This is an assured shorthold tenancy
with a private landlord, that has a minimum fixed-term of 12 months.
If you applied to the council because you were homeless before
9 November 2012, the council can offer you an assured shorthold
tenancy with a private landlord as settled accommodation, but you
have the choice about whether you accept such an offer. If you do not,
the council may offer you the same accommodation as temporary
accommodation instead. It will then have to offer you settled
accommodation at a later date.

Homeless again after a private rented sector offer?

If you are an assured shorthold tenant you have have fewer rights than
assured and secure tenants. Landlords can evict you quite easily by
using a section 21 notice to end your tenancy. For more information
see Shelters free guide Private tenancies.
Because of this, special rules apply if you become homeless again
within two years. The two-year period runs from the time you accepted
the private rented sector offer (not the date your tenancy started or the
date you moved in). You are treated as homeless from the date a
section 21 notice expires. If you apply before the section 21 notice
expires the council must try to help you keep your home.
The flowchart on page 19 gives an overview how the council has to
help if you reapply as homeless.
For your new application, if the council believes that you are homeless,
eligible for assistance (see page 8) and not intentionally homeless (see
page 15), it must make sure you have somewhere to live while it makes
inquiries into your new application. It does not matter if you are still in
priority need or not (see page 10).

[Link]/shelterguides

23

You can apply to any council you wish. If you apply to another council
(not to the council that made you the private rented sector offer), and it
decides you are homeless, eligible for assistance and not intentionally
homeless, it can refer you back to the original council, which then
becomes responsible once more for finding you further accommodation.
However, another council cannot refer you back if you, or someone in
your household, would be at risk of violence in the original councils area.
If you are made homeless again after a second private rented sector
offer, the normal rules will apply if you again ask for help from a council
(see page 5).
The rules about reapplying after a private rented sector offer do not
apply if you are a restricted case applicant. A restricted case means
you are only in priority need (see page 10) through someone in your
household who is not eligible for assistance (see page 8), for example,
you are British national but your child is a South Korean national.

I disagree with the councils decision

If the council says it doesnt have to help, read the relevant sections
of this guide to check if the reasons it has given are legally correct.
If theyre not, you may be able to take action. Specialist help from
a Shelter advice service or citizens advice bureau will increase your
chances of getting the decision changed (see page 2728).

Reviews
If the council has made a decision you disagree with or you think is
wrong, you can ask it to review it. You must make this request within
21 days from when you are told about the decision. You can only make
a request after 21 days if you have a good reason for not doing so
sooner (for example a serious illness). If you are seeking a review of the
suitability of accommodation you have been offered see pages 2122
for further advice.

24

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

Appeals
If you disagree with the councils review decision, you may be able to
appeal to the county court. You must do this within 21 days of when
you are told the outcome of the review. You can also appeal to the
county court if the council doesnt make a decision within eight weeks.

Accommodation
The council does not have to provide you with accommodation while
you are waiting for the outcome of the review or the appeal. If you ask
for accommodation and the council refuses, you should get advice
from a Shelter advice service or citizens advice bureau, or see a
solicitor immediately (see pages 2728).

Change of circumstances
If your circumstances change after you get a negative decision, you
can apply as homeless all over again. The council must go through the
same checks as before. However, if there hasnt been any real change,
the council does not have to accept your application.

Where to get further advice

This guide is only an introduction to the law in England. If your situation
isnt covered or fully explained, you can contact an adviser to discuss
your situation.
An adviser may be able to help by:
nn

explaining the rights you have if you apply as homeless

nn

helping you challenge a decision you are unhappy with

nn

explaining complicated legal matters.

You can get advice from a Shelter advice service, or citizens advice
bureau, or by contacting Shelters free housing advice helpline on
0808 800 4444, or by visiting [Link]/advice

[Link]/shelterguides

25

Help from a solicitor

If you decide to see a solicitor, you may be entitled to public funding,
often referred to as legal help and legal aid. Not all problems qualify for
legal help, but if your issue does, you will qualify for legal help if you are
on certain benefits or you have a low income. There is a means test.
To qualify for legal aid you must also have a good chance of success in
court. Your solicitor will be able to advise you about this. To check if
you are eligible visit [Link]/check-legal-aid
Under legal aid, the solicitor can represent you in court proceedings
and her/his fees are paid by the Government. If your income is above
a certain level you may have to pay a contribution.
Not all solicitors do legal aid work. You can get details of those who do
from Civil Legal Advice (see page 28). If you do not qualify for legal aid,
a solicitor may be willing to do a first interview with you for a fixed fee,
but following that, the fees can get expensive.

26

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

Contact Shelter
You can call our free housing advice helpline. Calls to Shelter and
Shelter Scotland are free from UK landlines and main mobile networks.
We can provide minicom or interpreting services.
The cost of calling Shelter Cymru will depend on your landline and
mobile provider and your contract with them.

Shelter

%%0808 800 4444

MondaysFridays: 8am8pm
Weekends: 8am5pm

Shelter Cymru

%%0845 075 5005

MondaysFridays: 9am5pm

Shelter Scotland

%%0808 800 4444

MondaysFridays: 9am5pm

For online information about your housing rights and details of local
advice services, visit:
nn

[Link]/advice

nn

[Link]

nn

[Link]

[Link]/shelterguides

27

Useful organisations
Advice UK
%%0300 777 0107
[Link]
Citizens Advice

%%08454 04 05 06

[Link]

Civil Legal Advice

%% 0845 345 4345
[Link]
[Link]
Department for Work
and Pensions
[Link]
Equality Advisory Support
Service
%%0808 800 0082
[Link]
[Link] (the Governments
public services website)
[Link]
Find a legal adviser:
[Link]/find-a-legal-adviser
Eligibility for legal aid:
[Link]/check-legal-aid
Housing Rights Service (NI)

%%028 9024 5640

[Link]
Immigration Advisory Service
[Link]
Jobcentre Plus
To make a claim for benefits:
%%0800 055 6688
[Link]/browse/benefits

28

To apply for a national insurance

number:
%%0300 200 3505
[Link]/national-insurance
Law Centres Network
info@[Link]
[Link]
Law Society
[Link]/find-asolicitor
Migrant Helpline

%%01304 203 977

[Link]

National Debtline
%%0808 808 4000
[Link]
National Domestic Violence
Helpline
%%0808 2000 247
[Link]
[Link]
Refugee Council
%%020 7346 6700
[Link]
The Money Advice Service

%%0300 500 5000

[Link]
UK Border Agency (UKBA)
[Link]/
asylum

Homeless? Read this | July 2013 update

Homeless application letter

To:

From:

Homelessness/Housing Options
Team

My address:

Phone:
Email:
Date:
Dear Sir or Madam,
I wish to apply as homeless under Part 7 of the Housing Act 1996. I have
provided some basic details below, but I would like an urgent appointment
to see a homelessness officer.
I will be homeless/became homeless on:
Insert date
I will be homeless because:
Your reasons

The following people live with me (or would do so if I had a home for us all):
List people you want included in your application

Yours faithfully,
Signature:

Send or take this letter to the homeless persons or housing options team of your local council. Contact details
can be found on the councils website. Visit [Link] to find local council homeless or housing options teams.

[Link]/shelterguides

29

Useful organisations

We help over a million people a year struggling with

bad housing or homelessness and we campaign
to prevent it in the first place.
Were here so no-one has to fight bad housing or
homelessness on their own.
Please support us at [Link]
Until theres a home for everyone

88 Old Street
London
EC1V 9HU
Tel: 0300 330 1234
[Link]
Registered charity in England and Wales (263710)
and in Scotland (SC002327). SH033
Last update: July 2013

32

Homeless? Read this | November 2012 update