1
Chemistry Lab Report
Experiment 4
Kinetics: The Iodine Clock
14 March 2013
Decan Dana Younis
Helin Nahro Said
San Hawdang Mahmud
Ms. Mariam Merry
I.
Purpose:
The purpose of this experiment is to measure the reaction rates of the different given
concentrations of reactants or products in the beginning and at the end of an amount of
time.
II.
Chemicals and Supplies:
Chemicals:
- Ammonium peroxydisulfate, (NH4)2S2O8
- Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3
- Potassium iodide, KI
- Starch
III.
Supplies:
250 mL Volumetric flask
2 100 mL Volumetric flasks
25 mL Volumetric flask
4 50 mL graduated
cylinders
2 250 mL Erlenmeyer
flasks
600 mL Beaker
2 Stopwatches
Procedure:
1st part of the experiment:
In order to do the experiment, you have to do these calculations to get the mass of the
chemicals. Then, you can start with the experiment.
1. 0.20 M KI in 250 mL Volumetric flask.
2 0.050 M (NH4)2S2O8 in 100 mL Volumetric flask.
3 0.00175 M Na2S2O3 in 100 mL Volumetric flask.
4 3% w/v Starch solution in 25 mL Volumetric flask.
2nd part of the experiment:
For this part, you have to find the reactants' order and the rate constant.
1. To combine the reagents, use a clean 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask each time for the first 6
runs in the table 1. But, be aware to wash the Erlenmeyer flask after you finish each run.
2. Write the names of the chemicals on each of the 4 graduated cylinders. Use these graduated
cylinders to measure each reagent.
3. Add the reagents together in the Erlenmeyer flask in for each run but then in the order of
mentioning them in the table 1.
4. When you add the (NH4)2S2O8, start with measuring the time with the stopwatch, and stop
the time when the color of the solution changes.
5. Record the time in the table 1.
6. Wash every single supply that you used.
7. Put the supplies on the table neatly.
IV.
Observation:
Quantitative data:
Qualitative data:
3
- 1.14g , 0.050M (NH4)2S2O8
- 0.0289g , 0.00175M Na2S2O3
- 8.30g , 0.20 KI
- 0.75g , 3 drops of Starch
- 80 mL water for each run
Table 1: [R] o
Run # KI 0.20 M
1
30 mL
2
20 mL
3
10 mL
4
30 mL
5
30 mL
6
30 mL
7
30 mL
8
30 mL
V.
Na2S2O3 0.00175M
20 mL
20 mL
20 mL
20 mL
20 mL
10 mL
20 mL
20 mL
Water
0 mL
10 mL
20 mL
10 mL
20 mL
10 mL
0 mL
0 mL
Starch
3 Drops
3 Drops
3 Drops
3 Drops
3 Drops
3 Drops
3 Drops
3 Drops
((NH4)2S2O8 0.050 M
30 mL
30 mL
30 mL
20 mL
10 mL
30 mL
30 mL
30 mL
Time (min)
4.20
3.00
4.35
3.20
7.50
1.15
Data Analysis:
Table 2: Collecting Data
Run #
[KI]
1
0.075
2
0.050
3
0.025
4
0.075
5
0.075
6
0.075
7
8
[Na2S2O3]
4.375*10-4
4.375*10-4
4.375*10-4
4.375*10-4
4.375*10-4
2.188*10-4
1st part of the experiment:
Molar mass (g/mol):
KI
mm=(39.10)+(126.90)=166
(NH4)2S2O8 mm=(2*14.01)+(8*1.01)+(2*32.6)
+(8*16)= 228.2
Na2S2O3
mm=(2*22.99)+(2*32.07)+(2*16)
=158.11
Starch
[(NH4)2S2O8 ]
0.01875
0.01875
0.01875
0.0125
6.25*10-3
0.01875
Time (sec)
252
180
261
192
450
69
Temperature (oC)
22
22
22
22
22
22
Number of moles:
n=M*v=0.2*0.25=0.05
n=M*v=0.05*0.1=0.005
Mass (g):
m=mm*n=166*0.05=8.3
m=mm*n=228.2*0.005=1.14
n=M*v=0.00175*0.1=
1.75*10-4
m=mm*n=158.11*1.75*10-4
= 0.028
(3/100)*25=0.75
VI. Balanced Equations:
For KI
M1= 0.20M, V2=80ml
1st run: M1V1 = M2V2 => 0.20*30 = M2*80=>M2=0.075 Molar.
2nd run: 0.20*20 = M2*80 => M2 = 0.050 Molar.
3rd run: 0.20*10 = M2*80 => M2 = 0.025 Molar.
4th, 5th and 6th run will yield the same result as the 1st run.
For Na2S2O3
M1 = 0.00175 Molar, V2 = 80ml, M1V1 = M2V2
1st run: 0.00175*20 = M2*80 => M2 = 0.0004375 Molar.
2nd run though 5th run all yield the same result.
6th run: 0.00175*10 = M2*80 => M2 = 0.000288 Molar
For (NH4)2S2O8
M1 = 0.050 Molar, V2 = 80ml, M1V1 = M2V2
1st run: 0.050*30 = M2*80 => M2 = 0.01875 Molar.
2nd and 3rd will have the same result as the 1st run.
4th run: 0.050*20 = M2*80 => M2 = 0.0125 Molar.
5th run: 0.050*10 = M2*80 => M2 = 0.00625 Molar.
6th run will yield the same result as the 1st run.
NOTE; INCOMPLETE CALCULATIONS
VII. Conclusion:
The main issue we had with the experiment was the inaccuracy of the timing. Due to the fact
we had to observe when there was discoloration, the timing from each of the members would
be different as each would have a different opinion on when it did change enough for us to
stop the timer. Another issue was some reactions not changing colour after we mixed them,
this lead to confusion on when to stop the timer or whether we should continue to wait it out.
We feel this was the biggest uncertainty with this experiment. Besides this, the experiment
was followed in the correct manner and our results showed this.
