A Comprehensive Guide to Mastering Autism,

Autoimmune, and Other Neurological Disorders

(Formerly, To Infuse or Not to Infuse and A Comprehensive Guide to Managing Autism)

Willis S. Langford
Copyright November 1999-2011

Mastering Autism.doc [May 28, 2011]

A Comprehensive Guide to Mastering Autism

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Subject
Page
Introduction...1
Immune 101.................52
Leaky Gut............................................................................................................84
Digestion 101. .87
Serotonin Connection........................................................................................114
Healing the Leaky Gut.......................................................................................134
GABA...............................................................................................................139
Candida..............................................................................................................146
A Second Scenario............................................................................................152
Copperheads......................................................................................................160
pH......................................................................................................................164
Dr. Cheneys Oxygen Treatment .......................................................................164
Transfer Factor..................................................................................................170
Negative Effects of Secretin..............................................................................171
Hydrochloric Acid May be a Solution...............................................................174
Biochemical Observations.................................................................................177
Solutions to the Problems..................................................................................185
Histamine: Solution or Problem?.......................................................................196
Enzymes: The Fountain of Life.........................................................................198
Improved Nutrition Relieves Bowel and Infection............................................199
Care and Feeding of the Bowel.........................................................................202
Some additional aids to overcome diarrhea:......................................................206
Cod-liver Oil and Vitamin A..............................................................................208
Bethanechol.......................................................................................................212
What? Rickets?..................................................................................................218
Managing Fatty Acids........................................................................................219
Medium Chain Triglycerides....229
Three Metabolic Types......................................................................................237
Tums Anyone?...............................................................................................237
Detoxification 101............................................................................................241
Phenol-sulphotransferase (PST)........................................................................252
Vitamin A, GAGs, Measles, and PST................................................................256
What Is MHPG? Why Should We Measure It?.................................................272
Sulfation Ratio as a Measure of PST Activity...................................................274
Mercury Poisoned.............................................................................................279
Get the Lead Out...............................................................................................291
Acetaldehyde and NAD.....................................................................................298
Pyrroluria...........................................................................................................300
The Thyroid: Metabolic Regulator....................................................................304
Forskolin: Poor Mans Secretin?.......................................................................316
Demyelination....................................................................................................318
Fibroblast Growth Factor..................................................................................328
Summary and Miscellaneous.............................................................................329

A Comprehensive Guide to Mastering Autism

Willis S. Langford
Warning: Do not scan and read this paper piecemeal. It must be studied to avoid mis-steps.
Use FIND, COPY, and PASTE to extract papagraphs of interest into a new, shorter document for better correlation.

Autism can be mastered! There are several very basic things discussed in this paper that can be done at
home with little or no expensive testing. Foremost is the home testing for thyroid function discussed
toward the end of this paper, and support of thyroid function. The unloading of the donkey is vital to
possibly 80% of these troubled children for they are poisoned, drowning in their own toxic wastes.
Elimination of bowel disorders is very first on the list of vital action. It is often as simple as supplying a
digestive enzyme supplement, or removing milk. A few autistic children can be helped dramatically by
medical procedures such as an infusion of the intestinal hormone Secretin, but by and large, we are
dealing with a toxic condition requiring biochemical/dietary, not drug-based, intervention.
The need and the beneficial response to Secretin treatment, I think, are dependent upon the amount of damage to the
duodenum and small intestine, and on the stomachs ability to produce adequate hydrochloric acid (HCl) for proper
digestion. Additionally, the WGA lectin of wheat (gluten/gliadin) was shown to reduce Secretin production by
57%; however, administration of 500 mg of N-acetylglucosamine twice a day (preferably at beginning of the
meal) completely suppressed this effect! Since these factors largely determine proper digestion and assimilation, it is
vital that all systems be functioning optimally. Healing of the intestines, including rebalancing of flora, is vital to health
and well-being and mental function. Release of Secretin is dependent on adequate HCl in the chyme and upon the
binding (neutralization) of Lectins found in grains and legumes, in particular. Secretin is reduced in hypothyroid rats
(Robberecht et al, 1981); so, support the thyroid and bind (or remove) the lectins (more later). Without adequate HCl,
Secretin infusion can, at best, be only partially effective in restoring digestion and proper physical and mental function.
HCl production and thyroid function are also very dependent on adequate zinc levels, usually lacking in these
children. This lack of zinc may lead to skin conditions, loss of taste, neuropsychiatric symptoms, sleep problems, and
even the suppression of growth. An advanced zinc deficiency is indicated by white specks or spots on fingernails. With
support for the thyroid, neutralizing of lectins (N-acetylglucosamine neutralizes the WGA of wheat, and also the
potato lectin), adequate zinc and vitamin B 6 intake, supplemental betaine hydrochloride (HCl where needed),
DMAE, and/or Bethanechol, Secretin infusion may be totally unnecessary.
The path of autism is different for each child. Some are prone to seizures, some are not; some behave
aggressively, others are overly passive. However, children with autism and with ADHD share several
factors. In one study, 66% of patients diagnosed with ADHD were found to be hypothyroid (at least as
many with autism are hypothyroid). Supporting their thyroid levels was largely curative. Visual and
auditory hallucinations may result from altered perception and have been misdiagnosed as schizophrenia
or psychosis (or autism). Other behavioral symptoms have included fear - ranging from mild anxiety to
3

frank paranoia, mood swings, and aggression. Thyroid hormone disorders may induce almost any
psychiatric symptom or syndrome, including rageAronson and Dodman, 1997.
Moods and behavior are largely influenced by the ratio of five central nervous system chemicals known as
amines. These include: norepinephrine (noradrenaline), epinephrine (adrenaline), serotonin (5-HT),
dopamine, and phenylethylamine (PEA). The first three excite the CNS (central nervous system) while the
last two inhibit or modulate that excitement. The ratio of these amines controls our levels of irritability.
Kirov has observed an association between severity of anxiety or depression and low plasma Magnesium
(Mg). Pliszka and Rogeness measured serum Mg in 165 boys admitted to a psychiatric hospital and found
low Mg levels to be associated with dysphoric mood and sleep disorders. For a detailed study ask for
Managing Vital Neurotransmitters.
Additionally, there is a deep disturbance in their fatty acid metabolism that impairs their utilization of
amino acids, and often there is an imbalance in their electrolytes. These can be symptoms of
hypothyroidism! Hsu studied the effects of only one nutrient deficiency, zinc, on the levels of free amino
acids in urine, plasma, and skin. When there was a zinc deficiency, there was an inability for the body to
metabolize all of the available amino acids that were digested--thus they were excreted into the urine as
waste! Mercury in the system (from sources such as dental amalgam silver fillings, vaccines, and
Chlorox) excretes excessive amounts of zinc, creating a hard to restore deficiency. While I would suggest
avoiding picolinate in other mineral chelates, it may be the answer to this difficulty as it enhances zinc
uptake by a factor of three. However, an incidental and unexpected result of zinc picolinate
supplementation was an increase in plasma copper level from 155 g./deciliter during ZnSO 4 treatment
to 251 g./deciliter after 10 weeks of treatment with the picolinate. This is probably explainable on the
basis that additional free intestinal picolinic acid was available to complex with the copper and thereby
enhance its absorption. It is vital not to imbalance the zinc:copper ratio. Zinc controls both the thyroid
function and the production of HCl for digestion.
Electrolytes control whats called membrane trafficwhat goes in and out of cells. The delicate balance
of electrolytes also controls the electrical activity within the brain and heart. Additionally, it doesnt make
any difference what gets to that cell if it cant get into the cell. We know that one of the major ways that
you can affect cellular circulation is by modulating the kinds of fatty acids that you eat. You increase
receptor sensitivity by increasing the fluidity of the cell membrane, which means increasing the omega-3
content of the diet, because most people are very deficient. The cell membranes are going to be a
reflection of your dietary fat, and that will determine their fluidity. Thus, providing other nutritional
supplements is relatively ineffective until the electrolyte (sodium-potassium-magnesium-calcium) and
fatty-acid imbalances are corrected. You can actually make the membranes too fluid. If you eat and
incorporate too many omega-3 oils, then the membranes will become highly oxidizable (so you must eat
vitamin E and monounsaturates as well). Practitioners suggest the extent of the nutritional problem in
these observations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Zinc deficiency exists in 90% of autistic children predisposing to hypothyroidism, poor digestion,
and low immune function
Copper excess exists in 85%, suppressing the thyroid. Avoid zinc picolinate in this case as it will
increase copper levels.
Manganese deficiency exists in 20%. Finding these three together indicates a sick child with
physical and behavioral problems.
Calcium and magnesium deficiencies are common, with 75% of Americans lacking Mg
Omega 3 fatty acid imbalance exists in nearly 100%
Fiber deficiency exists in nearly 100%
Antioxidant deficiency exists in nearly 100% of Downs and autistics. Clear evidence of higher
oxidative stress and damage in treatment-nave autistics than in controls Dr. Wm. Walsh, Email
4

8.
9.

7/24/06. This oxidative stress, particularly from burn injuries, may release excessive histamine.
This increases the production of the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which generates hydrogen
peroxide and superoxide, two potent free radicals that cause additional tissue damage. The
seriousness of this is seen in the report that this lowers nitric oxide in the blood, reducing oxygen
to the brain by 62%! This can only be offset by a very high intake of carefully selected
antioxidants as recommended herein.
Massive deficiency of DHEA in the autistics (factor of three) ditto.
Shaw recently reported 17-19% have low cholesterol (GPL- Cholesterol, RMC 12/07/07.

A recent study (Arnold GL, Hyman SL, Mooney RA, Kirby RS. Journal of Autism and Developmental
Disorders. August 2003; 33(4): 449-454), found that 58% of children with autism who consumed a
regular diet, had at least one essential amino acid deficiency, and this group was most likely to be
deficient in valine, leucine, phenylalanine (that produces tyrosine, dopamine, and adrenal hormones), or
lysine. Sixty percent of children with autism on a restricted diet had at least one amino acid deficiency,
and this group was most likely to be deficient in valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, or lysine. These
were slightly more likely to be deficient in tryptophan, the amino acid that is a necessary element in the
production of serotonin and in prevention of subclinical Pellagra. Isoleucine, leucine, and tyrosine (that
produces dopamine and adrenal hormones) were reported as being the most frequently observed
deficiencies. Only 1 of 24 children in the control group had an essential amino acid deficiency. In another
study, researchers measured plasma, amino-acid levels of 36 ASD children and found that all had multiple
deficiencies. This should come as no surprise, but what is troubling is that 10 of the 36 children were on a
gluten-free/casein-free (Gf/Cf) diet, and those ten were found to have the most severe deficiencies. This is
not surprising, as commercial interests, habit, and self-selection have made Gf/Cf into a highcarbohydrate diet. In time, increasing allergies and self-selection narrow the diet still further. Initial gains
are sometimes lost, and the child is literally starving. A child cannot thrive on such a diet! Either the SCD
diet or Donna Gates Body Ecology diet is likely a better approach.
Protein plays a critical role in every aspect of health. Our skin, hair, and nails are protein. Our immune
system functions largely by releasing proteins called immunoglobulins; so, without enough protein, the
immune system comes to a halt, systemic inflammation develops, and the body lives (exists) by eating its
muscles, which are protein! Brain chemistry itself is dependent on protein and fatty acids, which are used
to make neurotransmitters. Without enough protein, the brain cant make these neurotransmitters and
depression, hyperactivity, or behavioral disorders can result. The thousands of enzymes needed for life
processes are proteins. There are many physical signs of protein deficiency in children. A very common
one is the characteristic protruding abdomen that so many children with autism have. Other signs include
low muscle tone, reduced weight gain or growth, and weak or slow-growing nails. You must not allow
the diet to be largely carbohydrate. Every meal and major snack must have a balanced amount of protein
in ratio to carbohydrates! Seeds and nuts are good sources supplying about to 1/3 their content as
good quality protein. Sunflower seed has 52% protein, and sesame seed provides good quality protein;
but nothing can replace animal sources. A vegetarian diet typically lacks protein, zinc, and vitamin B 12. A
largely carbohydrate diet has too little protein. The liver depends heavily upon adequate amounts of
protein, or it can become cirrotic. When animals were protein starved for only two weeks, their livers
shrank 40%! A growing child must have at least 100 grams of protein daily. This may be too little for the
older, active child. A grown man of 175 pounds needs 125 grams (24% of a 2000 calorie dietary). The
Government says you need only half that!
Eggs have from 6 to 12 grams of protein depending upon their size. A serving of about 4 oz of meat, poultry, or
fish contain about 16-20 grams of best quality protein, (beef is 15-25% fat, pork is 25-37% fat, chicken is 12%
fat, and turkey is 20% fat), a serving of potato provides only 2 grams of protein (and should be eaten only with
butter or cream). One cannot go by this table of content, however, for even though a healthy person can digest
5

meats and eggs at 97% efficiency, cereals and fruits supply only 85% of their protein; vegetables, 83%, legumes,
78%, and nuts only 70%. Those who lack hydrochloric acid will not digest protein that well by any means. More
frightening, without adequate zinc, the amino acids that are digested are largely excreted in the urine as waste
and vitamin A cannot be released into the blood! A lack of zinc contributes to the chronic diarrhea often seen in
autistics. A supplement of zinc showed a 15% reduction of diarrhea.
Recent research has shown that the cascade of signals in the proinflammatory immune response tend to cause the
amino acid tryptophan to break down into damaging kynurenic acid rather than serotonin, a brain chemical that
influences mood. Thats extremely interesting, says Fallon, because serotonin depletion seems to be involved in
depression. So, you can see a very clear mechanism whereby people with chronic immune activation can become
depressed. Supplementing vitamin B6, niacin, and various anti-inflammatories may offset this, allowing tryptophan
to metabolize to serotonin. Ensure adequate zinc and protein intake.
The brain is the most cholesterol-rich organ of the body. Myelin is largely cholesterol. Pregnant women with low
cholesterol readings are twice as likely to have premature births, or to have babies with small heads (brains). Great
Plains Laboratory reports dangerously low cholesterol in 17.5% of autistics studied. NIH concluded earlier that
people with total serum cholesterol below 160 mg/dl had a death rate 10-20% higher than those with 160-190
mg/dl. Specifically, they died of cancer (lung and bladder cancer, primarily), respiratory and digestive disease,
suicide and trauma, and hemorrhagic stroke. They suffered depression, anxiety, bipolar and Parkinsons disease, and
tuberculosis, and men with LDL levels below 160 mg/dl had significantly lower numbers of white blood cells of all
types. Thus, LDL protects against infections, and also against deadly toxins such as that produced by
staphylococcus. Shaw studying autism and Tierney studying the rare genetic conditon SLOS found that particularly
those with total serum cholesterol below 100 mg/dl additionally displayed autistic symptoms such as sleep
disturbances (lethargy and excess sleeping), inability to talk or walk, antisocial tendencies, increased rates of
infection, skin rashes, self-hurtful behavior, low-muscle tone, tactile defensiveness, poor growth rate, and various
behavioral problems. Low cholesterol values are associated with manganese deficiencies, celiac disease,
hyperthyroidism, liver disease, malabsorption, and malnutrition. These conditions all significantly improved, even
some adults spoke for the first time, all within days of taking a cholesterol supplement! The lack of adequate
cholesterol was found to be from a lack of production in the liver. So much for the drive to have everyone use a
statin drug to reduce production by 40%! Ensure that your childs total serum cholesterol is above 160 mg/dl, and
that LDL is 150-160 mg/dl, that is, his total serum reading should be around 200! This is best done with foods
(eggs and red meat) where possible, but a supplement may be necessary (New Beginnings Nutritionals Sonic
Cholesterol). A child with IgE allergy to eggs should eat them only on advice of his doctor. These foods help to
ensure that both protein and cholesterol are adequate.
After feeding a mixture of amino acids to brain-damaged mice, the right balance of brain chemicals was restored in
the animals and their learning ability returned to normal! The amino acids given were leucine, isoleucine, and valine,
known as branched chain amino acids (BCAAs). BCAAs make up nearly one-fifth of all muscle proteins and
enhance the biogenesis of mitochondria in the cells ensuring greater energy production. One study of elderly
diabetics showed that a BCAA-rich amino acid mixture improved numerous parameters of blood sugar
metabolism, including hemoglobin A1c. Animal studies show promise that oral BCAAs can improve the
devastating consequences of traumatic brain injury by improving cognitive performance. BCAAs have improved
the survival and the qualiy of life of those with liver cirrhosis (free from hepatic failure, rupture of esophageal or
gastric varices, or liver cancer.) These essential amino acids are vital for the creation of two, brain chemicals that
play a key role in the functioning of nerves. The two neurotransmitters, glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid
(GABA), work together to keep brain activity in balance. Glutamate excites neurons, stimulating them to fire,
while GABA inhibits them. If neurons are too excited or not excited enough, the brain does not function properly
Online journal, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. In fact, too much GABA causes lethargy and
will cause a distinct learning disability as there is no retention of things studied!

Additionally, there is heavy-metals poisoning: Jill James, found that many autistic children are genetically
deficient in their capacity to produce glutathione, an antioxidant generated in the brain that helps remove
mercury from the body. A recent study found 85 percent exhibited severely elevated Copper/Zinc (Cu/Zn)
ratios in blood, suggesting a disorder of metallothionein (MT), a short, linear protein responsible for
homeostasis of copper and zinc and many other metals. The severity of the Cu/Zn imbalance was far
greater than that of any other population we have studied over the past 25 years, said William Walsh,
Ph.D., Physician, biochemist, and chief scientist of the Pfeiffer Treatment Center, Naperville, Illinois. His
database suggests that copper overload and zinc depletion are the most common metal-metabolism
abnormalities in behavioral conditions such as, ADHD, autism, depression, bipolar disorders, and
schizophrenia. In another report, of 23 autistic children who had serum ferritin measured, 12 were iron
deficient. Iron deficiency is a frequent factor in restless leg syndrome. A study of iron-deficient, nonanemic rats concluded, The results of this study show that L-thyroxine administration and/or iron
supplementation increases Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px), and Super
Oxide Dismutase (SOD) levels of erythrocytes (red blood cells)Chung Hua Yu Fang I Hsueh Tsa
Chih 1996 Nov; 30(6):351-3. Note, however, the contradiction when using serum iron measurements
(serum iron tests are not as efficient is detecting iron deficiency): I checked iron levels in our population
of 3,000 autism patients. We found that autistic children exhibited higher serum iron levels than controls
(non-autistic, healthy children). However, all of the differences occurred in about 1/3 of the autism
population with the other 2/3 resembling the controls. The high-iron kids were extremely high, the rest of
the autistics were quite normal. It appears that a segment of the autism population has very abnormal iron
metabolism (and abnormal ceruloplasmin)Bill Walsh. So, are our kids high or low iron? Do not rely
on serum iron.
So, serum iron is not the best measure of iron sufficiency. Blood tests for hemoglobin and serum ferritin
levels that are checked for transferrin saturation percentages are more useful, but the results of these tests
are confounded in states of prolonged inflammation or disease such as autism, for autism is a state of
chronic brain inflammation (Dr. Marcel Just, John Hopkins). Transferrin is a glycoprotein that binds iron
very tightly but reversibly. The affinity for Fe(III) is extremely high, but the affinity decreases
progressively with decreasing pH below neutrality. A skilled hematologist is often the best professional
from whom to obtain personal information concerning blood iron levels. Ferritin metabolism is influenced
by thyroid hormone as well as by iron. Thus, the raised serum ferritin in hyperthyroid patients may be
partially attributed to increased ferritin synthesis in the liver and its possible leakage into circulation.
When copper is deficient, the body cant use iron, so it accumulates and causes damage, increasing the
risk of Type II diabetes by 3 times. There may be a copper-deficiency anemia. The disease is called
siderosis, which is characterized by a gray pallor to the skin from iron accumulation in the tissues. In
addition, these sufferers (of excess serum iron) are unusually sensitive to lead, cadmium, mercury, and
other toxic metals so that they tend to accumulate rather than eliminate them. This is probably because
Phase I was overactive compared to Phase II in 86%. Phase I was functional, but Phase II was impaired
in 14%, thus 100% of children with autism had abnormal liver detoxification S. Edelson and D. Cantor,
Toxicology and Industrial Health (2000) 16 1-9. Children are more susceptible than adults. They have
more exposure (crawling, playing in dirt, licking hands), and they excrete less (adults retain only 1%,
children retain 33%). Iron interferes with the absorption of the essential minerals zinc, manganese, and
molybdenum, and it destroys vitamin E. Its own absorption is blocked by calcium and magnesium.
Additionally, when a mineral is lacking, its heavy metal equivalent tends to be held and used, for example:
cadmium sits just beneath zinc in the periodic table of the elements, so their structures are similar.
Cadmium can replace zinc in the tissues and in enzyme binding sites. An important cause of cadmium
toxicity, other than exposure, is a zinc deficiency. If zinc is deficient due to poor diet or stress, the body
will absorb cadmium from food, water, or the air, and use it in place of zinc. Our greatest exposure to
cadmium is white flour!
7

Nevertheless, if a mouse cannot make MT, then it should not get copper deficient when fed a high-zinc
diet. We fed some of these mice and some control mice (ones that can make MT) diets that contained
normal amounts of zinc and some that contained much more zinc. The results showed that the mouse
without MT got copper deficient when fed the same high-zinc diet as the mouse that had MT. This study
strongly suggests that the old theory is not true and that stimulation of MT is not necessary for high-zinc
to bring about a copper deficiency. We suggest instead that the high zinc is inhibiting a copper transport
protein in the intestinal membrane, and copper cannot be absorbedReeves PG, Copper Metabolism in
Metallothionein-null Mice Fed a High-zinc Diet. J Nutr Biochem 9:598-601, 1998. Copper is
preferentially bound to transferrin, the protein transport molecule in the mucosa, competing with iron.
Normally, this transport mechanism is not completely saturated, so there are adequate binding sites for
both the iron and the copper. Nevertheless, when copper is administered in excess, iron absorption is
inhibited because of the preferential binding of copper to the transferrin. Supplement copper and zinc, and
copper and iron, at different times of day. When serum iron is high, supplement transferrin (lactoferrin) to
bind the iron and transport it safely. Colostrum is a good source of lactoferrin.
Transferrin is a blood protein that carries iron through the blood to the bone marrow, spleen, and liver for
either the storage of iron as ferritin or the manufacture of new red blood cells. It is a protein with a relatively
short half-life that can be a marker for recent protein status, and it is used for this purpose. Low blood
transferrin may be an indicator of protein or calorie malnutrition, resulting in inadequate synthesis of
transferrin by the liver or it can result from excess protein loss through the kidneys (proteinuria). A systemic
infection or cancer can also lower the blood transferrin level. A high blood transferrin is a marker of iron
deficiency. If an individual has a low blood transferrin level, the production of hemoglobin can be impaired and
can lead to anemia, even if there is ample iron in the body.
Ceruloplasmin is a copper-containing protein involved in handing over iron from transferrin to
hemoglobin in the formation of new red blood cells, or in removing iron from old red blood cells for
inclusion in new ones. A copper deficiency results in low ceruloplasmin and can result in anemia that
presents much like iron-deficiency (microcytic, hypochromic) anemia, possibly leading to a misdiagnosis.
A ceruloplasmin deficiency is associated with iron accumulation in the pancreas, liver, and brain, resulting
in neurological disorders. Laboratory testing for iron overload/hemochromatosis begins with two specific
blood tests, Serum Iron and TIBC (total iron binding capacity), from which the Serum Transferrin
Saturation is calculated. Serum Ferritin is frequently measured as well, if possible while fasting, to
evaluate the bodys iron stores and estimate the degree of iron overload.
Blood and urine analyses yielded evidence of a metallothionein dysfunction in 499 of 503 patients (99%) diagnosed
with autism spectrum disorders, according to Walsh, suggesting that autism may be caused by either a genetic MT
defect or a biochemical abnormality, which disables MT protein. Mechanisms with the potential for disrupting MT
functioning include severe Zn depletion, possibly from a pyrrole disorder, impaired synthesis of GSH, toxic metal
overload, and a sulfur amino acid abnormality. An MT disorder may affect the development of brain neurons and
may cause impairments in the immune system and gastrointestinal tract, along with hypersensitivity to toxic metals,
he said. The excess copper in these kids is probably from two causes. Mercury depresses zinc, and there is a high
incidence of zinc malabsorption. To reduce copper, you must use significant amounts of vitamin C and zinc.
Nevertheless, the slower the metabolism of an individual, the more likely he is to develop copper overload, regardless
of his copper intake, according to David L. Watts, D.C., Ph.D., director of research at Trace Elements, Inc., in Dallas,
Texas, and author of Trace Elements and Other Essential Nutrients (Trace Elements, 1995).
Treatment for this imbalance between zinc and copper centers on stimulation of MT protein with divalent
metals (such as zinc and manganese) that are in depletion, and by providing N-acetylcysteine, serine,
selenium, and other constituents of MT. Of secondary benefit are vitamins B 6, A, C, D, E, glutathione,
and glucocorticoids (anti-inflammatory drugs). This treatment should be gradual during the first 4 weeks
of treatment to avoid rapid release of copper from tissues, which could cause a sudden worsening of
8

symptoms. MT-Promotion must be done very carefully to avoid zinc depletion that can result in
temporary worsening of behavior, stimming, enuresis, etc. Severe zinc deficiency has effects on the
distribution of nine elements (potassium, phosphorus, sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, zinc, copper,
and manganese) in regions of the rat brain J Nutr 113(10):1895-905 (1983)].
Speaking of Fibromyalgia, Dr. Brice E. Vickery, DC stated, At the end of the seventies I found that nine
out of ten subjects examined were not able to digest/transport, utilize, or incorporate the daily dietary
protein that was usually adequate (except for some vegetarians) in intake. The discoveries of Rheinholdt
Voll, M.D. enabled me to put two and two together and establish that the malfunction of the pancreatic
points that he identified as protein digestion function, carbohydrate digestion function, and fat digestion
function on the Pancreas Meridian were almost always caused by lack of suitable amino acids (which can
be from a lack of zinc to form a digestive enzyme, or an imbalance in sodium and potassium -WSL). We
developed the Vickery-Voll test that was the beginning of an entirely new view of the body.
The way it is believed to work is simple. The (supplementation of) amino acids in the correct proportions and in
adequate amounts reverse this deficiency by supplying the pancreas and intestinal glands with the ingredients
necessary to synthesize adequate digestive enzymes to digest the dietary intake. Having the necessary enzymes, the
daily food intake is more completely utilized and the transport or carrier proteins are manufactured in suitable
amounts and the entire Enzyme Cascade of the body is re-established. This begins within twelve hours! Signs of a
lack of enzymes are: fatigue, headaches, sinus problems, allergies, colon problems, arthritis and joint pain, acne, and
ADD/ADHDDr. Susan Lark. If taking the labeled amount of the enzyme supplement with each meal and major
snack doesnt solve the digestive problem, increase the amount.
Every case of fibromyalgia is found to have this deficiency of enzymes, and a vitamin D lack, as does
many other problems. Oxidative stress plays a role in Pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas). In fact,
those with Pancreatitis have low levels of vitamins D and E and other antioxidants. This may be due to
lack of absorption of fat-soluble vitamins (such as vitamin E) because the enzymes from the pancreas
required to absorb fat are not functioning properly, or, this may be due to poor intake. Surely, these
children lack needed proteins for enzymes and carriers, and use of a digestive enzyme supplement and
additional protein input (including pure amino acidsproline and lysine being particularly important in
building collagen) will greatly benefit these children in most cases.
Mercury adversely affects detoxification systems such as metallothionein (MT), cytochrome p450 (Phase
I) liver enzymes, and bile. Mercury ties up this material so it cannot bind and clear other metals such as
lead, cadmium, and aluminum. Mercury inhibits sulfur ligands in MT and, in the case of intestinal cell
membranes, inactivates MT that normally binds cuprous ions, thus allowing buildup of copper to toxic
levels and malfunction of the zinc and copper containing antioxidant, Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD).
Mercury induced reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation (forming free radicals) has been found to
be a major factor in mercurys neurotoxicity, along with its leading to decreased levels of the vital
enzymes glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD).
Attempts to lower this mercury/heay metal load can be problematic when you chelate heavy metals too
aggressively with DMPS or DMSA. They can damage the pancreas as testified to by those who have been
there. There are safer, perhaps slower, ways that will preserve your pancreas.
Subject: Chronic Pancreatitis and Depletion of Glutathione Disease ...
Xenobiotic metabolism, oxidant stress, and chronic pancreatitis. Focus on glutathione.
Wallig MA - Digestion - 1998; 59 Suppl 4: 13-24

Chronic pancreatitis, although relatively rare in the Western World, is common in certain tropical zones
where staple crops such as cassava are rich in cyanogenic glycosides. This paper reviews the evidence for
a cyanide connection, with reference to experimental studies using another plant nitrile, crambene; and
then examines the hypothesis that chronic pancreatitis represents a manifestation of uncoordinated
detoxification reactions between Phase I, pancreatic cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenases, and
phase II conjugating enzymes, resulting in the irreversible consumption of glutathione in the
acinar cell of the pancreas. The conclusion is that the central role of disrupted pancreatic glutathione
status, as a result of 'xenobiotic stress', in the evolution of chronic pancreatitis cannot be overestimated.
This position contrasts with that in acute pancreatitis, in which glutathione depletion has a pivotal role
too, but occurs as a result of 'stress' from reactive oxygen species. End.
Dr. Jill St. James found that 80% of autistic children lack up to 80% of normal levels of glutathione and
its precursors, leaving none to spare for aggressive detoxification. There seems to be a direct correlation
between levels Hepatitis A, B, and C viral infections and mercury toxicity and levels of glutathione,
whereby increased viral activity precedes decreased glutathione levels. For a successful recovery from
mercury poisoning, among other disorders, the importance of additional glutathione and supplementation
of essential fatty acids (fish oil etc.) and anti-oxidants should be emphasized. This lack of adequate
antioxidants allows further toxicity and free-radical damage; however, use of Sodium Ascorbate in high
amounts will prevent much of this damage. Nevertheless, the use of this phenolic (as ascorbid acid) can
make barbiturates more toxic, and is pharmaceutically incompatible with sodium salicylate, sodium nitrate
theobromine, and methenamine. Twenty percent of the people tested were reactive to ascorbic acid.
Sodium Ascorbate is better tolerated. Some of this reactivity may be from allergy to source material
(usually corn).
As with other cell types, the proliferation, growth, and differentiation of immune cells is dependent on
glutathione (GSH). The B-lymphocytes require adequate levels of intracellular GSH to differentiate, and
healthy humans with relatively low lymphocyte GSH were found to have significantly lower CD4 counts.
Intracellular GSH is also required for the T-cell proliferative response to mitogenic stimulation, for the
activation of cytotoxic T killer cells, and for many specific T-cell functions, including DNA synthesis for
cell replication, as well as for the metabolism of interleukin-2, which is important for the mitogenic
response. Experimental depletion of GSH inhibits immune cell functions, sometimes markedly, and in a
number of different experimental systems the intracellular GSH of lymphocytes was shown to determine
the magnitude of immunological capacity. These and other findings indicate that intracellular GSH status
plays a central role in the functioning of immune cells. Interestingly, in those animals that could not make
their own ascorbate (newborn rats, guinea pigs), GSH depletion was lethal. Supplementation of the diet
with ascorbate protected these animals against GSH depletion and saved their lives. Since children with
autism are very low on GSH, ensure that they are getting significant amounts of vitamin C, preferably as
Sodium Ascorbate.
Vitamin C possesses abilities that are characterized by its capacity to antagonize (neutralize) many of the
pharmacological effects of histamine (undermethylation). It should be employed with (in place of) the
antihistamine drugs in all allergic states. It is because of this factor that it serves so well in the treatment
of acute rheumatic fever. Additionally, sufficient quantities of vitamin C will relieve the intraocular
pressure in glaucomatous eyes, relieve prickly heat, and is a positive reversal for pemphigus. Aside from
this and the virus diseases (in proper amounts, it kills all viruses), it is of tremendous value in all diseases
in which an exotoxin is produced (Candida, Clostridia, etc.). It also has specificity for SNAKE BITE,
except for the cobra and the coral. It neutralizes all exotoxins. It is directly concerned with antibody
formation, and this in turn leads to an increase in gamma globulin of the blood serum. It joins with the
virus to form a new compound that is destroyed by oxidation. It makes all body cells more permeable
which allows entrance of immune factors otherwise denied. It prevents or lessens tissue damage. It serves
10

as a hydrogen transport in cellular respiration. It functions as a dehydrator and diuretic. It is the KEY to
good health. Watch for the signs that reveal pre-existing chronic vitamin C deficiencies. Shaw (1945 5)
states that food deposits on our teeth and dental tartar represents this condition. (I might add any signs of
pyrrohea and/or nosebleed should be a red flag.) People who find that they are counted in this group
should supplement their diet with at least two grams of vitamin C (as Sodium Ascorbate) each day - Dr
Fred R. Klenner, MD.
Glutathione consumption from foods ranges from 25-125 milligrams per day. With the provision of
sufficient amounts of sulfur, the liver will produce far more glutathione (up to 14,000 milligrams per day)
than what the diet provides. Sulfur-rich foods (garlic, eggs, asparagus, onions) may be lacking in various
diets and the provision of sulfur in food supplements (sulfur-bearing amino acids like N-acetylcysteine,
taurine, MSM, and lipoic acid), or glutathione itself may be advantageous.
Glyconutrientshaveproventoenhanceglutathione,glutathioneperoxidase,andsuperoxidedismutaseSugarsthat
Heal,byEmilI.Mondoa,MD,Page191.TheMannosefoundinAmbrotosesignificantlyinhibitssuperoxideanion
formation,thusreducinghydrogenperoxideformationKimHS,etal,8/99.AmbrotoseAObyMannatech
combinesvitalglyconutrientswithneededantioxidantsandprecursorsthatformglutathionenicelyaddressingthis
lack.Additionally,vitaminDreducesinflammatorycytokinesandincreasesconcentrationsofglutathionethebrains
masterantioxidant.Nacetylcysteine(NAC)canraiseabnormallylowGSHlevelsalso.VanZandwijkfoundthata
dailydoseof600mgNACwasbeneficialandinnocuouswhile1200mgand1800mgperdaycausedsignificant
adverseeffects,possiblybycontributingtocysteinetoxicityandtoitschelatingheavymetals(movingmercury).
Cysteinecatabolismproducestwosetsofproducts:pyruvate+sulfate+ammoniaandtaurine+CO2.Oneof
cysteines breakdown enzymes, cysteine dioxygenase (CDO), needed to form these metabolites has been
demonstratedtobelowinchildrenwithautism.Thistendstoanexcessofcysteinethatcanreachtoxiclevels,and
possiblytoalackofCO2.Excessfreecysteinehasbeenimplicatedinseveraldegenerativediseasesincluding
RheumatoidArthritis,AlzheimersDisease,Autism(neurodevelopmental),ParkinsonsDisease,PeripheralNeuron
Degeneration,andothers.ThisrequiressomecautioninusingNACandGSH(transdermally).Notethatcysteine
dioxygenaseisanonhemeironenzymethatcatalyzestheconversionofLcysteinetocysteinesulfinicacid(cysteine
sulfinate)byincorporationofdioxygen.SupplementserineandvitaminB6,magnesium,zinc,selenium,molybdenum,
andiron(ifneeded)tosupportthispathway.Theaminoacidglycinereadilyconvertstoserineandsupportsglutathione
production.
Metallothioneins across species are rich in cysteine (~30%) and have higher affinities for mercury (Hg) and
cadmium (Cd) than for zinc. Therefore, as Hg and Cd bind to metallothionein, and are restricted from entering the
mitochondria, zinc is released. The free, ionized zinc, which would be toxic if permitted to accumulate, binds to a
metal regulatory element on the promoter region of the metallothionein gene and turns on the synthesis of
metallothionein. Increases of as much as 3-times are reported. Such induction of metallothionein provides increased
binding capacity for both toxic metals (protective) and zinc (functional). The displacement of zinc in the presence
of toxic metal burden may explain in part why increased levels of zinc are so commonly seen in the scalp hair of
patients exhibiting significant levels of toxic metals Hg, Cd, Pb (Quig, unpublished observations). Most of the zinc
is cellular with only a small amount in the blood plasma. For this reason, blood tests are a poor indicator of
systemic zinc status.
Retrospective analysis of the full-blood count and, as far as was available, serum-ferritin measurements of 96 children
(52 with autism and 44 with Aspergers syndrome) was undertaken. Six of the autistic group (11.54%) was shown to
have iron deficiency anemia and, of the 23 autistic children who had serum ferritin measured, 12 (52.17%) were iron
deficient. Only two of the Aspergers group (4.55%) had iron deficiency anemia and, of the 23 children who had their
serum ferritin measured, only three (13.64%) showed iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency, with or without anemia,
can impair cognition, and is associated with poor muscle strength, and with developmental slowing in infants, and mood
changes and poor concentration in children.
11

Furthermore, autistics minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids are deficient and/or imbalanced. Their production of red
and white blood cells is irregular. They have a dysfunctional immune system (often attacking self). They frequent show
a high, white-blood-cell count indicating inflammation (now seen as a stroke predictorchronic, low-level inflammation
increases risk of heart disease by 5 and risk of stroke by 4 in postmenopausal women) that will quickly normalize when
adequate anti-inflammatory enzymes are provided. (I recommend Vitalzym or Wobenzym NTM from your health food
store. At the very least, give bromelain in significant amounts. Nevertheless, remember that some who take bromelain
get diarrhea and some are allergic to it. Dr. Carlos Pardo-Villamizar, an assistant professor of neurology and pathology at
Johns Hopkins, studied the brain tissue of 11 people with autism who died at ages 5 to 44. He found a pattern of
inflammation in the same regions that appear to have excess white matter. The brain has an innate immune system
separate from the body. Tart cherries have been shown to reduce inflammation, pain, and swelling more effectively than
aspirin! Tart cherry juice is 10-times more effective than aspirin according to a Michigan State University study. Cherrie
juice may be contraindicated for those with dysbiosis or blood sugar problems.
Dr. Robert Ader, University of Rochester, discovered that the immune system, like the brain, can learn! He gave rats a
drug, which suppresses the production of white cells by the bone marrow, along with saccharin-laced water. Afterward,
when only given saccharin water, the T-cell count was reduced the same as with the drug! Shades of Pavlofs dogs!
What does that say about our drug usage for our kids? Drugs have sweeteners and other substances in them that could
mark the immune system; we discontinue the drug, but continue to take the secondary substances the drug contained
and the drug response continues to our detriment! Could we make this work for us? We take a helpful drug for a time,
taking it with some saccharin or juice. We then discontinue the drug while continuing to take the juice at the same time of
day. Will we not continue to get the benefits without the side effects?
Additionally, Aders colleague noted that emotions have a powerful effect on the autonomic nervous system, which
regulates everything from how much insulin is secreted to blood pressure levels. They then detected a meeting point
where the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) directly talks to lymphocytes and macrophages, cells of the immune
system. They found synapse-like contacts where the nerve terminals of the autonomic system have endings that directly
abut those of the immune cells. This physical contact point allows the nerve cells to release neurotransmitters to regulate
immune cells, indeed they signal back and forth. Additionally, the nervous system and the immune system communicate
with each other through hormones and other substances. This pathway connects the emotions to the immune system via
the hormones released when under emotional or other stressors. So, the nervous system not only connects to the
immune system; but it is essential to its proper function. Stress suppresses immune function when these stress hormones
are elevated, becoming chronic and long-lasting when stress is constant as it is for these affected children. People who
experienced chronic anxiety, long periods of sadness, pessimism, unremitting tension, incessant hostility, relentless
cynicism, or suspiciousness were found to have double the risk of disease including asthma, arthritis, headache, peptic
ulcers, and heart disease. Parents, as well as their autistic children, are likely to suffer from several of these risk factors;
so, Mom, Dad, take care of yourself first!
Eighty percent suffer mitochondrial disorders (lack of energy production) according to Dr. Colemen, of
George Washington University Hospital. According to Dr. Raphael Kellman, MD, NYC, who specializes
in thyroid treatment, ninety percent of his patients suffer some degree of hypothyroidism despite normal
TSH readings (normal TSH, T4 readings arent enough; to create the enzymes needed to convert fats to
energy, thyroid hormone T4 must be converted to T3; so, adequate, free T3 values are vital). Eighty-three
percent suffer dysfunctional Phase I and II, liver-enzyme activity (causing a build up of toxins and heavy
metals), and 85% of autistics meet criteria for malabsorption leading to a multitude of nutrient
deficiencies (Wm. Walsh). Both the autistic and the ADHD children often suffer lymphoid modular
hyperplasia (measles infection in the gut-Wakefield). Thus, children with autism do not absorb food
properly, leading to nutrient deficiencies.
The most common deficiencies of poor diet and malabsorption are fatty acids, the minerals iodine, zinc,
selenium, magnesium, and calcium, and the vitamins A, B6, C, D, K, and E. There are various reasons, for
example, acid foods make selenium insoluble, so babies regularly fed fruit juices are liable to
12

malabsorption of selenium. Do not give selenium with acid juices! Further, a study of children in Zaire,
found that in hypothyroidism induced by iodine deficiency, supplementing as little as 50 mcg/day selenium
caused increased hypothyroid conditions, lowering T4, raising TSH (probably due to increased
conversion of T4 to T3 a good thing). Do not supplement selenium when iodine is deficient, or better,
do supplement iodine significantly when supplementing selenium. Additionally, you must supplement
iodine and antioxidants vitamins C and E and selenium when supplementing the fatty acids or you will
deplete these vital nutrients and suffer free-radical damage.
Results obtained following iodine supplementation revealed that in some subjects, the urine levels of
mercury, lead, and cadmium increased by several fold after just one day of supplementation! For
aluminum, this increased excretion was not observed usually until after one month or more on the iodine
supplement. Additionally, iodine supplementation resulted in marked increase in bromide excretion, and to
a lesser extent in fluoride also. Iodine may cause gastritis and reflux by disengaging the bromine found in
commercial bread, in particular, in the gut, and it is relieved by chlorophyll. Lack of iodine and zinc
contribute to lack of stomach acid production. These findings have since been replicated in a large
number of tests. Female patients with breast cancer seem to retain more iodine on the loading test then
normal subjects and excreted more bromide than normal subjects.
The form of B6 supplemented may be important, as it was found that the amount of activated B 6
(pyridoxal-5-phosphate) was low in 42% of autistics. These deficiencies compromise immune function,
and provide inadequate, antioxidant protection to offset the high, oxidative stress these children suffer,
thus causing significant damage to cells throughout the body and brain.
The mechanism of stress upon the body was just reported in the May 2008 issue of Brain, Behavior, and
Immunity. Telomeres are caps at the ends of chromosomes that contribute to their stability. Each time a
cell divides, telomeres lose length; and thus, a cells life is determined. Abnormally shortened telomeres in
white blood cells, known as lymphocytes, have been associated with HIV, osteoporosis, heart disease,
and aging. Telomeres also lose length in response to chronic stress. Activity of an enzyme within the cell
known as telomerase helps prevent telomere shortening and maintains the cells ability to continue
dividing. Rita Effros, et al, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine studied lymphocytes from healthy
donors between the ages of 25 and 55. After three days, cultures treated with high cortisol levels found in
the chronically stressed had fewer cells than the control cultures. Telomerase activity was reduced by up
to 50 percent compared with activity measured in control cultures treated with the amount of cortisol
found in nominally stressed humans (that had no effect upon the telomerase activity). The discovery
explains how stress by reducing telomerase activity accelerates cellular aging (and destroys brain cells by
the billions), via increased cortisol production. Reducing stress and or its effects is vital to your health and
length of life and to your autistic childs responses.
Dr. Bill Walsh confirmed this: I returned from last weeks DAN! Think Tank convinced that the
preponderance of evidence now points directly to oxidative stress and oxidative damage as the prime
culprit in autism. My definition of autism is the following: A genetic weakness in ability to cope with
environmental insults, resulting in severe, oxidative stress, incompetent intestinal and blood-brain barriers,
and incomplete maturation of the brain during early development. I may be wrong, but I doubt it-Email
to Kathy Blanco, 2/21/04. Dr. Walsh went on to state, iron free radicals (ions) represent the primary
oxidative stress in the brain of most humans. ASD involves oxidative stress during early brain
development. In theory, elevated iron in the brain could result in ASD. A genetic inability to regulate iron
might be causative in 1/3 of autism cases.
Underlying all these biochemical imbalances, according to the report, Still No Free Lunch, food scientists have
compared the nutritional levels of modern crops with historic, and generally lower-yielding, ones. Todays food
production methods provide 10 to 25 percent less iron, zinc, protein, calcium, vitamin C, and other nutrients in
our foods. Researchers from Washington State University analyzed 63 spring wheat cultivars grown between
13

1842 and 2003 and found an 11 percent decline in iron content, a 16 percent decline in copper, a 25 percent
decline in zinc, and a 50 percent decline in selenium! This fact makes use of a good multivitamin/mineral
supplement vital to health, well-being, and length of life, especially in todays stressed out world. One study
confirmed this. Over a ten year period, only half as many, who took a multivitamin/mineral supplement, died!
Mothers are under as much or more stress than their children and need to deal with it as outlined herein. Studies show
that vitamin C at 1500-3000 mg day reduced all markers of stress in both marathoners and work-stressed subjects,
including lower cortisol levels. Still other studies showed that both omega-3 fish oil and Phosphatidylserine
significantly blunted the rise in cortisol levels and lowered other markers of stress, resulting in reduction of anger,
aggression, and depression. Chromium (200 mg day) reduces cortisol levels by 47%, as does a 45-minute massage
(backrub?). Take a hot, Epsom salts bath. Rhodiola Rosea, an adaptogenic herb, prevents adrenal burnout that often
occurs from long-continued, chronic stress. Finally, moderate, daily exercise lowers stress-induced hormone levels,
enhances immune function, boosts circulation to the brain, improves quality of sleep, and aids in weight-control. A
recent study showed that the telomeres, that determine when a cell can no longer reproduce itself and must die, were
shortened by oxidative stress, decreasing by at least 10 years ones life expectancy! Another study showed that those
who were optimistic had a 55% lower risk of death from all causes, and a 23% lower risk of cardiovascular death!
Another study found that those under constant pressure were up to 2-1/2 times more likely to suffer a heart attack
than those with relatively stress-free lives. Mom, use these supplements, keep a hopeful, expectant outlook. Socialize,
laugh a lot, take a walk, and take care of yourself first! Your family needs you for the full course.
Another study is reported: Abou Donia of Duke University in a decade of neurologic research has revealed
widespread damage to the brain, nervous system, liver, and testes of rats exposed to 60 days of low-dose
chemicals -- the insect repellant DEET, the insecticide permethrin, and the anti-nerve gas agent pyridostigmine
bromide. These are the drugs given soldiers during the Persian Gulf War, and the rats were exposed to the same
levels -- in weight-adjusted doses -- as the soldiers were reportedly given. DEET alone caused a decrease in
BBB permeability in the brainstem. A combination of DEET and permethrin significantly decreased the BBB
permeability in the cortex. All treatments caused a significant decline in sensorimotor performance in a dose-and
time-dependent manner. These results show that daily dermal exposure to DEET, alone or in combination with
permethrin, decreased BBB permeability in certain brain regions, and impaired sensorimotor performance. Do
not use DEET on children.
Now, Abou Donia has demonstrated that the combination of stress and short-term exposure to chemicals (28 days)
can promote cellular death in specific brain regions and serious injury to the liver. Brain regions that sustained
significant damage in this study were the cerebral cortex (motor and sensory function), the hippocampus (learning
and memory), and the cerebellum (gait and coordination of movements). His earlier studies demonstrated severe
damage to the cingulate cortex, dentate gyrus, thalamus, and hypothalamus.
Stress alone caused little or no brain injury in the rats, nor did the three chemicals given together in low doses for
28 days. But when we put the animals under moderate stress by simply restricting their movement in a plastic
holder for five minutes at a time every day, the animals experienced enough stress that it intensified the effects of
the chemicals dramatically. The study showed that stress plus chemicals increased the amount of destructive
molecules in the brain called reactive oxygen species -- also known as oxygen free radicals. This astonishing study
shows again the absolute necessity of maintaining high levels of a variety of antioxidants by all who value their
health and well being in todays toxic, stress-filled world!
An explanation of the why of some of these things is suggested in tests on mice. Since the immune system
develops during gestation, maternal zinc deprivation has been studied in mice. The results showed that
the offspring born to zinc-deficient dams had a greatly reduced immunocompetence, the lymphoid organs
being particularly affected. Another study by the same authors found that this diminished
immunocompetence can persist for as long as three generations of normally fed offspring! The problem is
inherited, but not genetic! Further studies showed that if the offspring were only moderately deprived of
14

zinc during the latter two-thirds of pregnancy, even this can lead to long-lasting, aberrant patterns of
serum Immunoglobulins-G (IgG) and Immunoglobulin-A (IgA) levels, despite a complete, nutritional
rehabilitation beginning at birth. This seems discouraging of recovery, but the possibility of recovery is in
therapeutic amounts of vitamin B6 and zinc. Additionally, the powerful antioxidant formula, Ambrotose
AO, will greatly enhance that possibility. Since much of the problem is from toxins from Candida or
other gut pathogens and environmental poisons, it is helpful to know that vitamin B12, greatly lacking in the
American diet, is powerful in decomposing all toxins. Sublingual Methylcobalamin (Source Naturals) or B 12
injections are very beneficial. Many DAN! doctors are using B12 injections with good results.
Having read the above, one may get the impression that all is well with Mom and Dad. Not so! Though a recent
study reports that autistic patients are in fact characterized by presenting in their blood high levels of noninherited antibodies against the bodys own brain tissue, and confirmed that these antibodies were not present in
their parents, these are still inherited characteristics. Studies show tremendous lack in the American public. Men
and women show these deficiencies in astonishingly high numbers:
Vitamins
A
B1
B2
B6
C
D
E
Pyrophosphate

Men
8%
38%
01%
57%
29%
98%
40%
46%

Women
9%
63% Yes!
21%
86% Yes! The Pill is largely responsible.
24%
98% Wow!
60%
46%

Is it any wonder that Dr. Chandra found that even healthy oldsters were greatly benefited in Immune Function by
taking a slightly higher than RDA multivitamin/mineral supplement? A recent study states, These results are the
first experimental evidence that deficiency alone results in early developmental defects in the brain. The decreased
maturation of the radial glial cells of the CA1 region of the hippocampus is related to the deficiency of thyroid
hormones in the fetal brain, mainly caused by the maternal hypothyroxinemia, and not to a deficiency of the traceelement itself. These deficiencies are passed to the children with the above-mentioned results. Is it any wonder our
children are less and less healthy and plagued with infections and mental problems? Nevertheless, our and our
childrens diets still lack iodine, even when taking a multi!
Pottengers Cat Experiments illustrate the genetic tendency principles:
In the 1940s Francis M. Pottenger, M.D., began a ten-year study using 900 cats to determine what
effects processed foods have on the body, and to examine the genetic propensity of passing degenerative
disease traits from generation to generation. The cats were divided into five groups with two of the
groups fed raw whole foods and while the other three groups ate cooked, enzyme-less foods. At the time,
it was thought that this single difference accounted for the observed problems, but we now know that the
cats cannot metabolize taurine (people can) and must obtain it from raw (animal) foods. This does not
change the below observations. The fact that people do eat some raw, enzyme-bearing food, and do
metabolize taurine, probably accounts for the fact that we havent yet failed totally in our being able to
reproduce. The cats were observed over a four-generation period, and the following results were
documented:

15

POTTENGER CAT EXPERIMENT SUMMARY

GROUP

FOOD FED

Raw meat

Raw milk

Pasteurized milk

Evaporated milk

Condensed milk

1st Generation

Remained
healthy

Remained
healthy

Developed diseases and illnesses near end of life

2nd Generation

Remained
healthy

Remained
healthy

Developed diseases and illnesses in middle of life

3rd Generation

Remained
healthy

Remained
healthy

Developed diseases and illnesses in beginning of life; many died

before six months of age;

4th Generation

Remained
healthy

Remained
healthy

No fourth generation was produced: either third generation parents

were sterile, or fourth generation cats were aborted before birth

Source: Pottengers Cats, a Study in Nutrition

Similarly, the nutritional importance of using only fresh, stone-ground grains was revealed in
studies done in Germany (Bernasek, 1970). Rats were fed diets consisting of either 50% flour or
bread and 50% rat chow. Group 1 consumed fresh stone-ground flour. Group 2 ate bread made
with this flour. Group 3 consumed the same flour as group 1, but after 15 days of storage. Group 4
ate bread made with the stale flour fed to group 3. A fifth group consumed white flour. After four
generations, only the rats fed fresh, stone-ground flour or bread made with it maintained their
fertility! The rats in groups 3 to 5 became infertile! - Mark Sircus Ac., OMD.
This and the Pottengers cats study give insight into why children today are getting degenerative
diseases that used to only show up in humans at an age of 50 years or older.
These genetic weaknesses will get worse with each succeeding generation if they continue an enzyme-less,
nutrient-poor diet. The study proved that epigenetic weakness becomes more evident with each generation, but
more importantly, that there comes a point when it becomes totally out of control. This is evident in the fourth
generation. It took another three generations for third-generation cats placed on a raw-food diet at birth to
return to base-line health of the first generation! Confirming this, a study of very old humans showed that their
lifestyle had more to do with their advanced age than did the age attained by their parents. Nevertheless, parents
must take care of their health needs before conceiving a child! Those concerned may request my paper
Preparation for a Healthy, Happy Child.
One study found that problem foods in the diet accounted for 24% of the symptoms in children who were
already gluten-free and casein-free; however, problem foods in the diet accounted for 34% of the
symptoms in children who were not previously gluten-free and casein-free. Although there is great
variation among children, in most children, we found approximately one-third of the symptoms were food
related and two thirds of the symptoms were related to the environmental factors: volatile organics,
plastics, resins, and molds. In terms of the types of symptoms, there was great variation; however, most
children responded as follows: Physical symptoms such as congestion, eczema, and asthma were equally
caused by food and environmental factors. Symptoms associated with the digestive system were
associated with foods two-thirds of the time, and associated with environmental factors one-third of the
time. Neurological symptoms were associated with environmental factors 84% of the time, and
associated with foods 16% of the time. Included in this group of symptoms were head banging, seizures,
cognitive abilities, withdrawal, depression, temperament, moodiness, OCD, violence, aggression, sensory
sensitivity, self-stimulation, and social interaction - social awareness and abilities. Nevertheless, a study of
45 children following an SCD dietary and environmental avoidance protocol found the childrens
symptoms largely disappeared.
It is interesting to note that uric acid plays a key, antioxidant role in the plasma: uric acid (along with glutathione and
16

lipoic acid) scavenges peroxynitrite (a dangerous, free radical that contributes to inflammatory processes and hardening
of the arteriesChen 2002); and thus inhibits CNS inflammation, blood-CNS barrier permeability changes, and tissue
damage in a mouse model of multiple sclerosisFASEB J 2000 Apr; 14(5):691-8. Many of these children have low
urea/uric acid, possibly reflecting high, oxidative stress. Stress also causes the body to use zinc and magnesium, and the
resulting lack of magnesium can cause depression, anxiety, sensitivities to light, sounds, temperature, and touch, and to
heart problems, particularly a rapid beat and arrhythmias. This may not be from lack of intake but due to excessive
gastrointestinal losses from malabsorption (take magnesium taurate to greatly enhance absorption and to reduce the
laxative effect of unabsorbed magnesium), diarrhea, bowel resection, or renal losses due to hypercalcemia, alcohol
excess, or use of diuretics, chemotherapy, or antibiotics. It occurs also as a metabolic derangement of both thyroid and
parathyroid disorders. The lower levels of magnesium within the cell not only doubles the generation of free radicals, but
greatly lowers glutathione (as does a lack of vitamin D), resulting in 40 to 50% more damage! The nutrient deficiencies
can occasionally cause extreme behaviors; some children with autism have been reported to have actually gouged out
their eyes due to a calcium deficit. If your child is pushing at his eyes, supplement calcium, magnesium, and vitamin D 3,
and get him in the sun. Nevertheless, researchers took skin biopsies of 12 children with burn injuries and tracked their
vitamin D levels for seven years. They found that the childrens skin (even unburned skin) became so inefficient at
generating vitamin D that exposure to sunlight alone does not produce enough of the vitamin!
Hyperacusis, which is defined as abnormal acuteness of hearing due to increased irritability of the sensory neural
mechanism; is characterized by intolerance for ordinary sound levels. Unlike hypersensitivity to low-pitched hums, this is
hypersensitivity to all sounds making day-to-day life a misery. One report links 40% of autism cases with Hyperacusis!
Children with autism have a lot of metabolic abnormalities as indicated, but that is a result of the problems with
their immune system. Heavy metals such as mercury (Hg) induce a dramatic activation of the immune system
and autoantibody production in the genetically susceptible. This autoimmune syndrome is dependent on T-Cells,
which are important for B-Cell activation and cytokine secretion. Studies have found mercury impairs the bodys
ability to kill Candida albicans by impairment of the lytic activity of neutrophils. Plant workers with average
mercury excretion of 20-ug/g creatinine were found to have long-lasting impairment of neutrophil function.
Candidiasis/dysbiosis associated with Hg burden can compromise the absorption of aromatic amino acids such
as phenylalanine/tyrosine and tryptophan, which are precursors to dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine,
and serotonin, respectively The pro-oxidative effects of the metals are compounded by the fact that the metals
also inhibit antioxidative enzymes and deplete intracellular glutathione. (Quig, unpublished). This can lead to
many if not all their health and behavior problems, and is a major reason to ensure a high intake of protective
antioxidants such as Ambrotose AO (Mannatech, Inc.), selenium, alpha lipoic acid, and vitamins C and E.
A likely cause of this hoarding of heavy metals by the autistic child is set forth and two effective ways to
overcome autoimmunity are suggested:
Vitamin D treatment effect lies in activated vitamin Ds powerful anti-inflammatory properties. Its
administration decreases production of inflammatory cytokines in the brain, which have
consistently been associated with brain impairment. Activated vitamin D stimulates neurotrophin
release (neurotrophin induces the survival of nerve cells), reduces toxic calcium levels in the brain,
and inhibits the production of nitrous oxide (excess nitrous oxide destroys brain cells). Besides
reducing inflammatory cytokines, vitamin D does one more vital thing: it increases
concentrations of glutathionethe brains master antioxidant.
Vitamin Ds role in increasing glutathione levels may explain the link between mercury and other
heavy metals, oxidative stress, and autism. For example, activated vitamin D lessens heavy metal
induced oxidative injuries in rat brain. The primary route for brain toxicity of most heavy metals is
through depletion of glutathione. Besides its function as a master antioxidant, glutathione acts as a
chelating (binding) agent to remove heavy metals, like mercury. Autistic individuals have difficulty
excreting heavy metals. If brain levels of activated vitamin D are too low to employ glutathione
17

properly, and thus unable to remove heavy metals, they may be damaged by heavy metal loads
normal children easily excrete. [Take note that the usual vitamin D supplement (ergocalciferol) has
potency of about one-quarter that of sun-generated vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol).]
Seizures are very common in autism and activated vitamin D reduces the seizure threshold
by making brain tissue less likely to seize. A controlled study found vitamin D reduced the
incidence of seizures in patients with intractable seizures (as does magnesium sulfate Epsom salts - as a bath or medically infused/injected).
Professors Hollis and Wagner of the Medical University of South Carolina discovered that
breast milk is a source of vitamin D that is rich enough to maintain healthy levels in infants
provided the mothers took at least 4,000 units/day. Moms must get in the sun with
their infants! - Excerpted from: The May 2007 Vitamin D Newsletter: Autism and
Vitamin D. by John Cannell, MD, Atascadero, CA.
Safe upper limit may not accommodate the need for folic acid by fertile Caucasian females living in
equatorial climates (solar ultraviolet radiation significantly reduces folic acid levels among light-skinned
individuals).
Several months ago, Dr. Almeras, Professor Feron, and their group at the University of the Mediterranean
in Marseilles found developmental vitamin D deficiency disrupts 36 proteins involved in mammalian brain
development. Severe maternal vitamin D deficiency leads to rat pups with increased brain size and
enlarged ventricles (chambers in the brain), abnormalities very similar to those found in autistic children.
Prospective Mothers must get the sun, or supplement with vitamin D 3. Take your vitamin A and D, other
than CLO and multivitamins, separately for best results.
Additionally, I dont know how many seizure patients Ive gotten off their medicines by just getting them
off MSG and giving them magnesium (preferably magnesium taurate with vitamins B 6 and D3 to ensure
utilization). They quit having seizures. They were on maximum dosages of medications and still having
seizures. Most neurologists and neurosurgeons that treat seizures are not aware of this. - Dr. Russell
Blaylock, MD.
MSG toxicity - taurine deficiency link theory is my own. I developed the theory over ten years ago. At
first in my research of glutamate toxicity and its effect on cardiovascular health, most of the neuro
scientific data at the time linked glutamate toxicity to its effect on the amino acid cysteine. (Glutamate
and cysteine compete for uptake in the body.) I then was given an article about the amino acid taurine by
a colleague. That was the link. Taurine deficiency symptoms are the exact same symptoms of MSG
reaction, particularly, a racing heart. (Taurine is the amino acid that regulates heartbeat.) When I realized
that the body manufactures taurine from cysteine, the pieces fell into place. I then tested my theory. The
next MSG reaction I had, I took taurine in pill form. The headache went away, the racing heart calmed
down, the blood pressure went down, and I was able to sleep. Since that time, I have used it quite often
and always keep some handy as an "antidote". It is interesting to note, that now taurine is being used in
Japan to treat high blood pressure. It is also being studied to treat diabetes and epilepsy now. These are
also two diseases impacted by glutamate. Glutamate triggers the pancreas to produce insulin, but too
much insulin can result in insulin resistance, Type II diabetes, and obesity. Also, MSG is well known as an
epilepsy trigger. All these facts point to the conclusion that ingested MSG somehow interferes with
taurine formation in the body, perhaps by interfering with the uptake of the cysteine needed to make
taurine. It is by no means an "official" theory, but we have had many reports of MSG sensitive persons
who report relief of some MSG reaction symptoms by ingesting taurine. It is also interesting to note that
the body uses Vitamin B6 to make taurine, and that Vitamin B6 deficiency makes MSG reactions worse. Carol A. Hoernlein, P.E., Founder MSGTruth.org. This belief has major scientific support.
Aspartate,
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glutamate, and glutamine, among other amino acids, are excitatory in excess, or in absence of sufficient
fuel in the brain. They are antagonistic to the functions of taurine, alanine, GABA, and glycine according
to a contemporary review of taurine by Richard Smayda, D.O. Consequently, taurine does detoxify
glutamates. Taurine (and magnesium) prevents glutamate excitotoxicity through regulation of calcium and
mitochondrial energy metabolism according to scientists writing in the November 1999 issue of Journal of
Neuroscience. They clearly and unambiguously point out that the control of intracellular calcium
concentrations is a fundamental process in neuronal survival and function. This, prevention of glutamate
excitotoxicity, is exactly what we need. Avoid hypoglycemia to avoid excitotoxic reactions caused by a
lack of brain fuel.
Furthermore, viruses are causative: There are over 20 viruses that have been shown to cause seizures in
people, including many that are ubiquitous and known to have latent states, with Epstein Barr, other
Herpes viruses, influenza, Coxsackie, measles, and mumps being among them. I am personally of the
opinion that chronic latent viruses which have an affinity for glial cells are the main underlying cause of
idiopathic epilepsy. - John B. Symes, D.V.M.
There is evidence to suggest a possible causal relationship between increased levels of proinflammatory
cytokines and symptoms of aggression and agitation in autism. In agreement with the above, a new, novel
treatment for Autism is reported by Stewart Johnson, father of a severely autistic son, age 16: After 14 years of
observing my autistic son and researching the topic, I formed the hypothesis that the most difficult symptoms of
autism (including self-abusive behavior, compulsivity, anxiety, behavioral inflexibility, etc.) are the result of an
aberrant immune response. I researched ways to down-regulate the immune system and came to TSO, a living
organism being used successfully to treat other autoimmune disorders (Crohns disease). After preparing a
research paper showing this hypothesis was supported by the medical literature, I presented it to my sons doctor
and we began treating my son with TSO (eggs of helminth). After 10 weeks he completely lost all symptoms of
agitation, aggression, self-abusive behavior (including head smashing/banging and hand biting), perseveration,
behavioral inflexibility, compulsivity, impulsivity, repeated questioning, stimming, and hypersensitivity to
external stimuli. He continues to take TSO every two weeks, and the symptoms have been gone now for 15
months. Details at www.autismtso.com. Hey, whatever works, but I would give vitamin D and AmbrotoseR a
try first. Note other ways to control inflammatory cytokines discussed herein.
Another parents report on head banging (often thought to be due to chronic pain) is of interest: I told a friend
about annatto 160b as her two-year-old daughter had been splitting her head open head banging. My friend has
kept her daughter off the annatto for a week now and her daughter has stopped head banging. She still gets in
the position when she is throwing a tantrum but doesn't bang her head. This is the only additive she has
removed! by email.
Another study found that this impairment of neutrophils by heavy metals and lack of glutathione decreases the
bodys ability to combat viruses, some of which cause inflammatory damage to heart and brain. Samplings of
immune data reveal that most of these autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) children have atypical elevations of
antibodies against otherwise common pathogens such as Epstein-Barr virus, Cytomegalovirus, and/or Human
Herpes Virus 6 (EBV, CMV, HHV-6), and in some 30%, elevated anti-measles antibodies indicative of chronic
infection from measles vaccineKawashima H, Mori T, Kashiwagi Y, Takekuma K, Hoshika A, Wakefield A;
Department of Paediatrics, Tokyo Medical University, Japan. Of the 160 autistic children we looked at, only
five did not have bowel diseaseWakefield.
HHV-6 induces synthesis of a broad range of host cell proteins, including interferon alpha, CD4, interleukin1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF(a)]. Additionally, HHV-6 kills Natural Killer Cells. Human
herpesvirus-6, the etiologic (causative) agent of roseola, is ubiquitous, establishes latency in the host, and can
infect a variety of immunocompetent cells, with CD4+ T-lymphocytes being the targets in which it replicates
most efficiently, and HHV-6 has an Immunosuppressive effect...on T-cell functions such as suppression of
19

interleukin-2 synthesis and cell proliferation.

Carlos A. Pardo-Villamizar, M.D., at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland
said that, Compared with normal control brains, the brains of the people with autism featured immune system
activation and inflammation in the brain. This ongoing inflammatory process was present in different areas of the
brain and produced by (immune system) cells known as microglia and astroglia. HHV-6 and measles are known
inhabitants of brains. Hopkins researchers showed that the measles virus blocks the release of an important
chemical from monocytes, a type of white blood cell. The molecule, called Interleukin-12 (IL-12), is critical for the
activation of a part of the immune system called cell-mediated immunity (CMI). CMI is an important defense
mechanism against a variety of viruses and bacteria, as well as protozoa, one type of which causes malaria. In the
absence of IL-12 production by monocytes, CMI is greatly weakened. Various neurologic manifestations, including
convulsions and encephalitis, can occur during primary HHV-6 infection, or in immunocompromised patients.
HHV6 has been reported within oligodendrocytes and microglia, and focal HHV6encephalitis has been
documented. It is considered causative in Chronic Fatigue syndrome (CFS) and is suspected of causing multiple
sclerosis.
Professor Marc Feldmann of the Imperial College, London predicted that drugs he helped develop to treat
rheumatoid arthritis may prove to be effective for many more medical conditions, including atherosclerosis. The
drugs, which block a cytokine known as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), include infliximab, etanercept,
and adalimumab, which have shown a dramatic protective effect in patients afflicted with rheumatoid arthritis.
These agents have also shown to be of benefit for other autoimmune and inflammatory conditions, including
Crohns disease, psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing Spondylitis, and ulcerative colitis. Additionally, they have
shown promise in the treatment of acute alcoholic hepatitis, a potentially fatal condition.
Cytokines such as TNF(a) are molecules released by immune cells to alert the immune system that the body is
under attack and to initiate a response against the infection. Recent evidence suggests that TNF-alpha regulates
synaptic function in the brain also. In autoimmune diseases, such as arthritis, we discovered that cytokines are
over-produced causing the immune system to fight itself, resulting in inflammation and tissue destruction, Dr
Feldmann explained. We further found that by blocking just one cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha
we were able to block all the cytokines involved in the inflammation, with remarkable clinical results.
Prescription drugs, like Enbrel, directly bind to TNF(a) and block its interaction with TNF cell-surface receptors.
Though these drugs do work, many studies have demonstrated significant clinical improvement in rheumatoid
arthritis patients with high-dose, fish-oil supplements (Kremer 2000) and other nutrients mentioned herein that also
inhibit TNF(a), without the side effects of the drugs.
Dr Feldmann believes that similar drugs may have the potential to treat many other conditions, and is
currently researching their effect on atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis, he explained, is caused by a chronic
inflammatory response in the walls of the arteries, in large part, caused by an excessive immune response
to cholesterol, or HHV6 and/or H. pylori, both of which have been identified in the plaque?
Aging (sic) results in an increase of inflammatory cytokines (destructive, cell-signaling chemicals) that contribute
to the progression of many degenerative diseases (Van der Meide et al. 1996; Licinio et al. 1999). Rheumatoid
arthritis is a classic autoimmune disorder in which excess levels of cytokines such as TNF(a), interleukin-6 (IL6), interleukin 1b [IL-1(b)], and/or interleukin-8 (IL-8) are known to cause or contribute to the inflammatory
syndrome (Deon et al. 2001). It is also true that the IgG molecule lacks a galactose molecule at its end, allowing
other lectins to bind to this site. The more such misshaped molecules, the more severe the inflammation!
Chronic inflammation is also involved in diseases as diverse as atherosclerosis, cancer, heart valve dysfunction,
overweight, diabetes, congestive heart failure, digestive system diseases, and Alzheimers disease (Brouqui et al.
1994; Devaux et al. 1997; De Keyser et al. 1998). In aged people with multiple degenerative diseases, the
inflammatory marker, C-reactive protein, is often sharply elevated, indicating the presence of an underlying
20

inflammatory disorder (Invitti 2002; Lee et al. 2002; Santoro et al. 2002; Sitzer et al. 2002). When a cytokine
blood profile is conducted on people in a weakened condition, an excess level of one or more of the inflammatory
cytokines, e.g., TNF(a), IL-6, IL-1(b), or IL-8, is usually found (Santoro et al. 2002).
Observe the likely scenario; heavy metals cause HHV-6 to be chronic, latent in the body and brain inducing the
body to set up an inflammatory response. One can seek only to control the inflammatory symptoms with the
suggested drugs, or he can eradicate the cause. However, inhibiting TNF(a) stops the damage while you
eliminate the heavy metals and the viruses. How much better it is to inhibit the cause of overactive inflammation
and enhance both mind and body function by replacing missing nutrients as suggested in this paper (rather than
resorting to drugs that only inhibit TNF(a).
John OLeary, Ph.D., a world-class researcher and molecular biologist from Ireland, using state of the art
sequencing technology, showed how he had found measles virus in the gut of 96% of autistic children, compared
to 6.6% of normal children. This virus did not come from the natural disease; it came from the measles vaccine. In
addition, Dr. OLeary found measles virus present in 75% of children with Crohns Disease. Crohns has
traditionally been an intestinal disease of adults, following years of dietary abuse. Its appearance in children is a new
event, and Dr. OLearys work points to measles virus from vaccines as the likely cause. Additionally, Candida,
according to antibody studies done at the Atkins Center, is involved in more than 80 percent of all cases of Crohns
and Colitis. The Great Plains Laboratory reports Candida metabolites are elevated in about 75% of people with
autism, and additionally, about 40% have metabolites to Clostridia bacteria, in fact, gastrointestinal disorders have
been associated with a high level of clostridia in ASD children.
The Measles pathogenic (disease producing) power is derived from the fact that they can set up persistent
infections within various lymph tissues (that of the gut, for example, as shown by Wakefield) as well as within
circulating cells of the immune system. Wakefield found that controls had prevalence in the gut of HHV-6 DNA
similar to that of those with ulcerative colitis86%! Virus infected monocytes (White Cells) travel freely
throughout the body, and have been shown to enter the brain, take up residence there, and secrete cytokines
(chemical messengers) toxic to brain tissue. They also serve as foci of infection. Interferon production is stimulated
by infection with a virus to protect the body from super infection by some other microorganism. In this study,
vaccination of one-year-old infants with measles vaccine caused a precipitous drop in the level of alpha-interferon
produced by lymphocytes. This decline persisted for one year following vaccination, at which time the experiment
was terminatedJournal of Infectious Diseases. Thus, this study showed that measles vaccine produced a
significant long-term immune suppression. Similarly, the report in the British medical journal Lancet confirmed that
a significantly higher percentage of these children had received a DTP shot within 30 days of the onset of polio
compared to a control group of children without polio: 43 percent of polio victims compared to 28 percent of
controls. The DTP vaccine suppresses the bodys ability to fight off the poliovirus. Thus, we have evidence of longterm damage to the immune system from vaccines. Starting at about 4 months, this leads to the infections,
antibiotics, more infections, and more vaccines that often precede autism.
We now know that, in far too many cases, these live vaccine viruses escape the immune system and take up
residence in the body--for a lifetime. A recent autopsy study of elderly individuals found that 20% of the brains
contained live measles viruses and 45% of the other organs contained live measles viruses. Similar findings have
been described in autistic children and the measles virus is identical genetically to the one used in the vaccine.
Measles infection usually resolves itself over 1-2 weeks given good sanitation, water quality, and hygiene.
Treatment with vitamin A, as found in cod liver oil, has been known to be effective since its success was published
in the British Medical Journal in 1932. The measles virus can invade, infect, and inflame specific areas of the brains
central nervous system causing persistent viral infection and damage. There are three types of measles-related brain
inflammation (encephalitis). First, there is an acute post-infectious type that occurs during or shortly after the initial
infection and is characterized by inflammation around blood vessels and loss of myelin (the protective covering
around neural cells). This type is thought to be due to autoimmune processes. A second form of brain inflammation
21

follows the acute infection and is called subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). This type presents itself 1-10
years later as a persistent measles infection with many mutations inside the cells of the cerebellum and spinal cord in
people with competent, mature, immune systems. SSPE can be fatal because it causes general destruction of brain
tissue, leading to progressive dementia, seizures, and chronic neurological disorders affecting coordination.
The final type of measles-related complication in brain inflammation is a progressive, infectious one in people
without competent immune systems, such as immunocompromised people or children with immune systems that
are still developing. This form manifests itself 1-6 months following measles infection. Common symptoms include
seizures, motor and sensory system deficits, and lethargy (fatigue) with the acute or sub-acute progression of this
third type of encephalitis. The symptoms are a result of brain tissue death caused by unrestricted viral replication,
which happens when immune function is decreased due to absence or immaturity. These symptoms of measles
virus infection in the brains of people without competent immune systems are too similar to autism to ignore.
Measles infects specific brain areas such as the frontal cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, substantia nigra, locus
ceruleus, raphe nuclei, hippocampus, amygdala, rhinal cortex, and cingulate gyrus where neurons have specific
CD46 or growth factor receptors. These are commonly damaged areas of the brain in autism.
Measles normally mutates only one third as fast as HIV, but shifts from magnesium to manganese cations in the
body can significantly enhance viral mutation rates by 6-10 fold. Vaccines that contain mercury theoretically drive
the mutation process higher, rendering immune systems less effective. Viral mutations can escape vaccine
protection and or drive measles-mutant strains in the body toward continued successful mutation (selenium
deficiencies, common in autistic children,also mutate viruses). Also, if there is too much iron, low zinc, and high
copper, this also mutates viruses. Such chronic measles infection can be treated with very high intakes of vitamins A
and C and glutathione, oral or injection, and antivirals discussed elsewhere herein.
Dr. Anju Usman, MD, was puzzled as to why antibiotics often failed to clear an intestinal/bladder infection. Her
studies revealed a colony of coated bacteria that had formed into a "biofilm" and uncoated themselves, making
themselves resistant to immune attack and to antibiotics at levels 100-1000 times the normal minimal-lethal dose.
Further research showed that this mucus film was maintained by a high content of calcium, magnesium, and iron.
When these minerals were removed by sodium EDTA chelation, or when she withheld all supplementation of these
nutrients for two months during her medical treatment, the bacterial infection was readily overcome. Fibrinogen
induces biofilm formation by Streptococcus suis and enhances its antibiotic resistance - Grignon L, Grenier D. Use
of Nattokinase and Lumbrokinase has proven effective in exposing these colonies. Lactoferrin supplementation
also binds iron and disbands biofilm - forcing expression of outer membrane proteins on the bacteria so that the
immune system can identify and attack the singular bacteria. In bladder infections, at least, the biofilm is destroyed
by D-mannose and by cranberry concentrate that contains D-mannose. Would not the use of lactoferrin,
Nattokinase/Lumbrokinase, and D-mannose be preferable to denying needed supplements of calcium and
magnesium? Use of probiotics with prebiotics assist in this mission and aid in keeping pathogens under control.
Dr. Peta Cohen, MS, RD offers this thought: At an Autism One Conference in Chicago, one researcher presented
his proton analysis of brain tissue, attempting to verify the presence of mercury in the brains of autistic children, and
he couldnt find it. He found evidence of activation of the microglia (a type of glial cell that acts as the first and
main form of active-immune defense in the central nervous system) as a consequence of toxic metals. So, where
are these metals? Im suggesting they are in the biofilm, along with the bugs, in the gut. If the biofilm wasnt using
toxic metals, along with common minerals, to build the biofilm, then why all of a sudden do I get these huge dumps
of metals on stool tests?
Ebola virus kills 4 out of 10 of its victims. However, in the presence of selenium supplementation the fatality rate
drops by over 80 percent! That is a persuasive demonstration of the anti-viral power of this essential mineral. A
similar phenomenon has been recognized and reported in AIDS. It is reasonable to say that selenium increases our
resistance to viral disease. What with the Nile virus, and others, supplement selenium. Another proven protocol:
22

Effecting a cure when a virus is the offending agent, and many times bringing about this change in the
short space of 24 hours, is a rewarding moment in medicine. Vitamin C treatment must be intensive to be
successful. Use veins when practical; otherwise, give vitamin C intramuscularly. Never give less than 350
mg/kg body weight. This must be repeated every hour for 6 to 12 times, depending upon clinical
improvement, then every two to four hours until the patient has recovered. Ice cubes held to the gluteal
muscle before and after injection will reduce or eliminate pain and induration. When treatment continues
for several days, the child can be placed on an ice cap between injections. When employing vitamin C
intravenously, it is best to use sodium ascorbate and the solution free of all additives except sodium
bisulfite. The dose of vitamin C using a syringe should range between 350 mg and 400 mg/kg body
weight. In older patients, or when very high doses are required, the vitamin can be added to 5 percent
dextrose in water, in saline solution or in Ringers solution. The concentration should be approximately 1
gm to 18 cc fluid. Bottle injections will need 1 gm calcium gluconate one to two times each day to replace
calcium ions removed by the high intravenous schedule. One quart of milk daily will suffice when using
the vitamin intramuscularly. In place of milk, one can substitute calcium gluconate tablets. Supplemental
vitamin C is always given by mouth. As a guide in determining the amount and frequency of injections we
recommend our Silver Nitrate-Urine test. This is done by placing ten drops of 5 percent silver nitrate in a
Wasserman tube and adding ten drops of urine. A color pattern will develop showing white, beige, smoke
gray, or one that looks like fine grain charcoal. Charcoal is the color needed, and the test is performed at
least every four hours. The test itself is read in one minute. These large doses of ascorbic acid will also
bring all body tissue back to saturation, which means that the white blood cells will now be capable of
destroying other pathogens that might be clouding the picture. Unless the white blood cells are saturated
with ascorbic acid, they are like soldiers without bullets. Research on this is now under way at the
Bowman Gray School of Medicine by McCall and Cooper. White cells ingest bacteria and in the process
produce hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide will combine with ascorbic acid to produce a substance
that is lethal to bacteria. I have seen diphtheria, hemolytic streptococcus, and staphylococcus infections
clear within hours following injections of ascorbic acid in a dose range of from 500 mg to 700 mg/kg
body weight given intravenously and run in through a 20G needle as fast as the patients cardiovascular
system will allow.
In the earliest stages of infection, innate response (Th1) predominates, but later the lymphocytes (a
version of white cells) start to generate adaptive immune (Th2) responses. They then 'remember' the
pathogen, and mount more effective and rapid responses should the individual become reinfected with the
same pathogen at a later date. With this in mind, besides early innoculations with vaccines (prior to
maturation of the adaptive immune system), the routine use of innate immune suppressing drugs - called
anti-inflammatories, anti-pyretic, or anti-histamines for early infections is the major culprit in the epidemic
of chronic illness - Dr. Greg Blaney, MD.
Lymphocytes play an important role in survival from infection. We found in several cases of trichinosis
that the behavior of the lymphocytes was the real story of the changing blood picture and actually
determined the course of the disease. Wintrobe observed that the function of the lymphocytes was
stimulation of antibody formation, and that the lymphocytic response runs parallel with the recovery of the
patient. This build-up of antibodies appears directly proportional to the concentration of ascorbic acid in
all body tissue, and yet we give vaccines but pay no attention to the degree of tissue saturation of ascorbic
acid (or of vitamin A needed to fight the infection). Dr. Nossal of the Institute of Medical Research,
Melbourne, Australia, wonders about the mechanism by which lymphocytes, on meeting antigens, decide
to be turned on or off. He asks, What physiological mechanism underlies the discrimination between
immunization and the induction of immunological tolerance? We would suggest that it is controlled by
vitamin C, which in turn affects the negative charge that then influences the response of the lymphocyte.
Ginter of the Research Institute of Human Nutrition, Bratislava, offers some evidence to this effect in his
statement: all reactions which are connected with vitamin C have oxidation-reduction features. It is
23

therefore probable that the biological function of vitamin C can be located in the metabolic reactions
which are connected with electron transfer.
Vitamin A, also, is crucial to a very sophisticated bi-directional mechanism that takes place in the digestive
system and leads to immune tolerance across the entire gut lining. Immune tolerance is the essence of
good health. An intolerant immune system will lead to a wide range of illnesses, and the gut is where
many people first lose immune tolerance. Vitamin A (retinoic acid) is key to our ability to consume a wide
range of antigens (food) and yet not react adversely.
The killing power of ascorbic acid is not limited to just herpes simplex and the adenovirus. When proper
amounts are used it will destroy all virus organisms. We found measles to be a medical curiosity.
Specifically, we observe that vitamin C prophylactically, by mouth, was not protective (against the measles
virus) unless 1 gram was given every two hours around the clock. One gram given every four hours
intramuscularly was also protective. One gram every four hours would modify the attack of measles, but
not kill it. With our own children we kept the measles syndrome going off and on for 30 days by giving
1gm every two hours for two days, then off for two days. The disease was then stopped by continuing 1
gm every two hours, by mouth, for four days. By 1950, we learned that we could kill the measles virus in
24 hours by giving intramuscular injections in a dose range of 350 mg/kg body weight every 2 hours. We
also found that we could dry up chicken pox in the same time, but more dramatic results were obtained by
giving 400 mg/kg body weight intravenously. Two to three injections in 24 hours were all that was
required. We published these results in 1951. Recently, we cured a man weighing 85 kg in four days
taking 30 gm each day by mouth. In conclusion, the killing power of ascorbic acid (as sodium ascorbate)
on virus bodies has been demonstrated by me in hundreds of cases, many of which were treated in our
hospital with nothing but vitamin C. We have published some 28 papers on this matter. - Dr. Frederick
Robert Klenner, MD. Vitamin A is also vital in fighting measles.
Infants and children often run a fever and show other signs of acute inflammation after receiving multiple
vaccinations. Feverisgenerallyconsideredharmfulbyphysicians,andistreatedwithantipyreticsasitmay
leadtofebrileseizures,stupor,dehydration,increasedbreathing,discomfort,andtachycardia.Homeuseof
antipyreticsuponthefirstsignsofafeverisalsocommon.Thisapproachhasleadtotheubiquitoususeof
aspirin, acetaminophen (Tylenol), nimesulide, and ibuprofen, which control temperature by inhibiting
prostaglandinsynthesisinthehypothalamus.
Fever is metabolically expensive: every degree C rise in temperature increases the metabolic rate
approximately 10%. It stands to reason that a defense mechanism that is so costly in terms of energy must
be important. Numerous studies have shown that fever enhances the immune response by increasing
mobility and activity of white cells (doubles production and activity of leukocytes), stimulating the
production of interferon, causing the activation of T-lymphocytes, and indirectly reducing plasma iron
concentrations. Antiviral and antibacterial properties of interferon are also increased at febrile
temperatures. A decreased morbidity and mortality rate has been associated with fever in a variety of
infections. Newborn animals infected with a variety of viruses have a higher survival rate when febrile.
The use of antipyretics to suppress fever results in an increased mortality rate in bacterially infected
rabbits, and an increase in influenza virus production in ferrets. There is anecdotal evidence that children
with autism show behavioral improvement when febrile (D. Odell, personal communications, 2003). This
is likely because the fever suppresses a chronic viral infection. There is a reason for 98.6 F. body
temperature. Laboratories know that Candida and Strep thrive at lower body temperatures! If your well
child consistently registers less than 98.6 F (37.0 C) support the thyroid. Never use drugs to lower fever
unless all else fails, and then only if the fever is causing the child a serious problem like above 103 F (no
harm will occur normally until the fever is above 105.2 F). Rather, use a dip in luke-warm water, a spray
of water on a covering towel, a serving of strawberries, or a pad soaked in alcohol placed over the
24

tummy. Dont chill the child. Force water. Vitamin E seems to reduce prostaglandin E 2, which results in
an enhancement of T-helper 1 cytokines. If he is lethargic, showing dehydration, then obtain help.
In a study in Afghanistan, 200 children with measles were divided into two groups. The study revealed
that children receiving the antipyretics (aspirin) had prolonged illness with more diarrhea, ear infections,
and respiratory ailments, such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and laryngitis, and significantly greater mortality
rates! This is what you are asking for when you break a fever.
These chronic viral infections apparently cause the body to sequester mercury and other heavy metals
according to clinical experience of Dr. Amy Yasko of Maine. She finds that by reducing the viral load and
then chelating, even after chelation with DMSA and DMPS showed no remaining mercury, mercury
comes pouring out again, and dramatic improvement is noted in the children!
Initial Autism Research Findings at Harvard-Massachusetts General show that patients undergoing
endoscopic procedure all had GI symptoms of pain or diarrhea:
Endoscopy Findings:
Esophagitis in 23 out of 111 (20%)
Gastritis in 14 out of 111 (12%); 4 had Helicobacter pylori
Duodenitis in 11 out of 111 (10%); 2 had Celiac Sprue (According to Dr. Buie, all children with
ASD should get a blood test for Celiac Sprue before going on a GF diet. Once theyre on the
diet, those antibodies are gone.)
Eosinophilic Inflammation in five out of 111 (5%)
Pancreatic Function Testing: Duodenal collection of pancreatic enzymes:
10 out of 90 (11%) had low enzyme activity (This is a very high finding compared to the general
population.)
Two out of these 10 (20%) had total pancreatic insufficiency, five with multiple enzyme defects
Carbohydrate Digestion:
Lactase deficiency was found in 55% of ASD children tested, especially in black children
Combined deficiency of disaccharides enzymes was found in 15%
Enzyme assays correlate well with hydrogen breath tests
Another study showed that 58% of the examined children had disaccharidase/glucoamylase enzyme
activities below the normal range. Carbohydrate malabsorption may result in gaseousness with crampy
abdominal pain and may be the cause of chronic loose stools. The most frequent finding was a low lactase
activity in 14 of the 21 children with pathologic disaccharidase results. All of the 21 children with low
enzyme activities had loose stools and/or gaseousness. Do supplement digestive enzymes!
Colonoscopy Findings:
Colitis was found in 11 of 89 patients (12%), none with features of Ulcerative Colitis or Crohns
Histologic (biopsy reviewed) lymphoid nodular hyperplasia was found in 15 of 89 patients (16%)
Eosinophilic inflammation was found in 13 of 89 patients (14%); cause or significance is unclear
Dr. Tim Buie, lead researcher, states that more than half of these children had treatable gastrointestinal
problems that ranged from moderate to severe including esophagitis, gastritis, and enterocolitis along
with the lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (measles in the gut).
Dr. Sudhir Gupta reports: Complete Immunoglobulin E (IgE) deficiency was seen in 10% of the
patients. Almost 20% of the patients had low IgA, and 8% of them had a complete lack of it, which is
25

quite high compared to the general population (1 in 700-1,000). About 25% of the subjects had IgG
subclass deficiency. (Positive IgG antibodies to gluten were found in 100% of IgA-deficient persons with
biopsy proven celiac disease but who were negative by the endomysial antibody test. These IgG
antibodies are thought to increase intestinal permeability-WSL). About 25% of the patients had a
deficiency of various subsets of lymphocytes (e.g., CD3, CD4, and CD8 Killer T-Cells). In fact, almost
40% of these autistic children had a deficiency in Natural Killer Cells (Th1 suppressed). In general, the
cytokines IL-2 and alpha-interferon are increased, while IL-1 is normal. IgG anti-brain autoantibodies
were present in 27% with ASD, and with 2% from healthy children. IgM autoantibodies to the myelin
were present in 36% with ASD compared with 0% of controls. The presence of these antibodies raises
the possibility that autoimmunity plays a role in the pathogenesis of language and social developmental
abnormalities in a subset of children with these disorders - Serum autoantibodies to brain in LandauKleffner variant, autism, and other neurologic disorders. J Pediatr 1999 May; 134(5): 607-13.
A Cornell researcher, Rodney Dietert, professor of immunotoxicology at Cornells College of Veterinary
Medicine, and Janice Dietert, of Performance Plus Consulting in Lansing, N.Y., have conducted the first
comprehensive review of later-life diseases that develop in people who were exposed to environmental
toxins or drugs either in the womb or as infants. They have found that most of the diseases have two
things in common: They involve an imbalanced immune system and exaggerated inflammatory reactions
(at the cellular level).
In a peer-reviewed article on developmental immunotoxicity (DIT), published in a recent issue of Current
Medicinal Chemistry, the Dieterts found that almost all the chronic diseases that are associated with DIT
share the same type of immunological damage.
The diseases linked to DIT include asthma, allergy, suppressed responses to vaccines, increased
susceptibility to infections, childhood neurobehavioral conditions, autoimmunity, cancer, cerebral palsy,
atherosclerosis, hypertension, and male sterility.
Toxins that are known to cause developmental immune problems in fetuses and neonates, according to the
Dieterts, include herbicides, pesticides, alcohol, heavy metals, maternal smoking, antibiotics, diesel exhaust, drugs
of abuse, and PCBs. Antidotes to DIT, the researchers note, could come from a variety of sources, including herbal
and fungal chemicals -- from mushrooms to clover -- which appear to have promise.
Two immune processes -- T-helper (Th) cell balances and dendritic cell maturation -- are both
compromised in ways that disrupt the regulation of inflammatory cell function, which leads to
exaggerated inflammatory responses. Most therapeutic approaches have looked at specific disease
outcomes from DIT, rather than focusing on the underlying immune dysfunction that creates the increased
disease risk, said Robert Dietert. Instead, we looked at the common immune dysfunction that is related
to a host of diseases.
Knowing the most common immune dysfunction patterns from DIT allows researchers to consider more
seriously those medicinals with the capacity to restore inflammatory cell regulation, promote
dendritic cell maturation, and restore desirable Th balance that would be the most likely
candidates to combat the problems resulting from DIT.
Autism may involve autoimmunity to brain matter. Autistic children, but not normal children, had
antibodies to caudate nucleus (49% positive sera), cerebral cortex (18% positive sera), and cerebellum
(9% positive sera). Brain stem and hippocampus were negative--Neuroscience Letters Volume 355,
Issues 1-2, 23 January 2004, Pages 53-56, Vijendra Singh, et al.
It is vital to note that the production of interleukin-4 in the spleen of zinc-deficient mice is depressed,
leading to depressed levels of IgE, IgG1, and eosinophils; and that the function of T-cells and antigen26

presenting cells is impaired by zinc deficiency as well as by energy restriction. Children with clinical or
subclinical vitamin A deficiency also have depressed IgG responses to tetanus toxoid compared with
children supplemented with vitamin A. The results of more than three decades of work indicate that zinc
deficiency rapidly diminishes antibody and cell-mediated responses. The moderate deficiencies in zinc
noted in sickle cell anemia, renal disease, chronic gastrointestinal disorders and Acrodermatitis
Enteropathica; subjects with human immunodeficiency virus; children with diarrhea; and the
malabsorption of autistic and elderly persons can greatly alter host defense systems leading to increases in
opportunistic infections and mortality rates. This is likely because adequate zinc is needed to release
vitamin A from the liver. Corticosteriods (hyrocortisone, prednisone, dexamethasone, etc.) will increase
the rate of vitamin A transport from the liver; however, they will result in elevated serum levels and
depletion of vitamin A reserves. Both vitamin A and zinc deficiency are widespread among our children
and parents. These deficiencies have very negative aspects on the immune function.
Dr. Singh further states: I firmly believe that up to eighty percent (and possibly all) cases of autism are
caused by an abnormal immune reaction, commonly known as autoimmunity. The autoimmune process in
autism results from a complex interaction between the immune system and the nervous system.
Antibodies to measles (rubeola) (MV) and human herpes virus-6 (HHV-6) are elevated, which is a sign
of a present infection, past infection, or a reaction to the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. The
HHV-6 and measles viruses are etiologically linked to autism because they are related to brain
autoantibodies and demyelinating diseases.
Recently, I conducted a study of measles virus (MV) and HHV-6 in autism.... This study showed two
things in particular: first, that the virus antibody levels in the blood of autistic children were much higher
when compared to normal children; and secondly, the elevated virus antibody levels were associated with
the brain autoantibody titer. Interestingly, the viral antibody and brain autoantibody association was
particularly true of MV antibody and Myelin-Basic Protein (MBP) autoantibody (i.e., 90 percent of
autistic children showed this association). This observation led me to hypothesize that a measles virusinduced autoimmune (sic) response is a causal factor in autism, whereas HHV-6, via co-infection, may
contribute to the pathophysiology of the disorder. Although as yet unproven, I think it is an excellent
working hypothesis to explain autism, and it may also help us understand why some children show
autistic regression after the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) immunization.
At DAN! 2002 Dr. Singh stated, We measured antibodies to the measles, mumps, rubella, CMV, and
human herpesvirus-6 viruses and to our surprise, we found that the antibody level of only the measles
virus, but not the other viruses tested was significantly higher in autistic children than in the normal
children. In addition we found an interesting correlation between measles antibody and brain
autoimmunity, which was marked by Myelin Basic Protein Autoantibodies. The two immune markers
correlated in greater than 90% of autistic children, suggesting a causal link of measles virus with
autoimmunity (sic) in autism. The higher than normal antibody level to the measles virus could be the
sign of a present infection, past infection, or an immune reaction to the MMR Vaccine. He added that
further study showed a greater than 90% correlation between MMR antibody and MBP autoantibody.
There is enormous potential for restoring brain function in autistic children and adults through
immunology.... The goal of therapy should be to normalize or reconstitute the immune response instead of
inducing immune suppression or stimulation. This will maintain a balance within the normal immune
response, avoiding major fluctuations of overt immune activity which could be detrimental to the
patient. - Excerpts from Autism, Autoimmunity, and Immunotherapy: a Commentary by Vijendra K.
Singh, Ph.D. Department of Biology & Biotechnology Center, Utah State University, Logan Scientific
Board Member, Autism Autoimmunity Project.

27

Dr. Singh indicated that two cytokines or immune activation markers, Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and
Interferon Gamma (IFN-g), play a very important role in causation of autoimmune disease, that is, they
initiate an autoimmune reaction via induction (activation) of Th-1 white blood cells. We have found that
these two cytokines are selectively elevated in autistic children, suggesting the induction of autoimmunity
via Th-1 cells in autism. Therefore, they should be measured as a sign of altered cellular autoimmunity in
patients with autism. It is interesting to note that autoantibodies (antibodies against self) can be
induced in older animals by giving them a vaccine! Younger animal will usually react to a vaccination
by producing beneficial antibodies, but do we not see the autoantibody reaction in this subset of children
called autistic?
It has been observed that immune suppression was most profound in infants with the highest antibody
responses and was associated with increased numbers of circulating CD8 T-cells, and with increased
plasma levels of soluble surface molecules and cellular products associated with immune activations. This
delayed immune response allows unwanted microbes to gain a solid foothold before the body mounts its
defenses to destroy them. Frighteningly, another study found in animals that this lack of response of Killer
Cells allowed usually harmless viruses to become more virulent creating serious illness. Canadian doctors
found this delayed response in individuals with nutritional deficiencies. When provided proper dietary
ratios of protein, carbohydrates, and fats for eight weeks, they tested higher on helper T-cells and showed
a better overall response to antigens (Chandra 1989). Chandra also showed immune systems of healthy
oldsters significantly responded to a multivitamin/mineral supplement. Another study showed that both
colostrum and human milk enhanced B-cell response, but formula did not (Juto 1985).
Of interest is yet another study: They looked for T-cells that recognized these peptides in blood samples
from 12 patients and from 12 people who did not have multiple sclerosis. They found that the T-cell that
recognized one of the peptides -- corresponding to amino acids 95 to 117 of myelin proteolipid protein
(PLP) -- was at least four times more common in the patients blood. There also were enough of these Tcells to cause disease, Trotter says. In contrast, the immune cells of multiple sclerosis patients do not
recognize myelin basic protein more frequently than those of people without MS.
A new view of multiple sclerosis may arise from the first extensive study of brain tissue from the earliest
hours during a bout of the disease. The results, published February 23, 2004, in the advance on-line
edition of the Annals of Neurology, suggest that the earliest event is not, as previously believed, a
misguided immune system attack on a brain substance called myelin. Instead, the first event appears to be
the death of the brain cells that produce myelin (Oligodendrocytes), triggering a subsequent immune
system mop-up operation to clean up the cells and the myelin, said author John W. Prineas, MBBS, of the
University of Sydney in Australia.
It is well established that the symptoms of MS are caused by a breakdown of myelin, a fatty substance
that coats nerve cells and plays a crucial role in transmitting messages to the central nervous system.
However, it is unclear what triggers the breakdown of myelin. There are various theories, including an
autoimmune attack upon self, exposure to a virus in childhood, vitamin D deficiency, hormones and
now, a buildup of iron in the brain because of poor blood-flow out of the brain. It is postulated that this
iron buildup is destroying the myelin.
It is of vital interest to note that the rubella and mumps virus can infect pancreatic islet cells and that the
infection can severely reduce levels of secreted insulin. Rubella and mumps disease have been strongly
associated with the development of Type I Diabetes. This study should be noted and remembered the next
time your friendly pediatrician tells you how important it is to give Hep B to your hours old baby:
Evidence of serious health consequences was recently confirmed in the Journal of Pediatrics in which
CRP levels were measured after vaccination. CRP, short for C-reactive protein, is a blood marker
indicating a heightened state of inflammation throughout the body. The study involved infants in a
28

neonatal intensive care unit who were given two or more vaccines on the same day (Criminal!). A
separate group of (preemie) infants were given one shot at a time, every three days. The vaccines
administered were DTaP, Hib, polio [IPV], hepatitis B, and Prevnar (pneumonia). The findings were
disturbing:

An abnormally elevated CRP occurred in 85 percent of infants who received simultaneous vaccines
and nearly 70 percent of infants who received the shots one at a time.

Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain)
also occurred in infants who received multiple vaccines at the same time.

Cardiorespiratory events (stopped breathing) occurred in 16 percent of all infants within 48 hours
after receiving the vaccines.

Infants who received DTaP, Prevnar, and Hib as single injections experienced the largest number
of cardiorespiratory events overall. - REF: Pourcyrous, M., et al. Primary Immunization of Premature
Infants with Gestational Age <35 Weeks. J of Pediatrics, Vol. 51, Issue 2, Pages 167-172. August, 2007.
There are further concerns about elevated CRP levels. It was found in a study of 62 children who were
part of the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study that when infants and young children have an elevated CRP
level, they have an increased risk of developing Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes in childhood. - Chase
HP, et al. Elevated C-reactive protein levels in the development of type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2004
Oct;53(10):2569-73.
It has been found that 85% of children with Type I diabetes have antibodies against the enzyme that converts
glutamic acid into GABA (the GAD enzyme-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase) contributing to the excitotoxicity of
excess glutamate. These should avoid MSG/glutamic acid sources, and supplement magnesium, zinc, and
vitamins B1, B6, and B12, and work to correct other dietary shortfalls. In a newborn that developed seizures at 8days, GABA levels were only at 13 pmol/ml (picomoles per milliliter) before vitamin B 6 injections. It increased
to 124 pmol/ml after vitamin B6 treatment. Children without any neurologic disease have a GABA level at 174
pmol/ml. In addition to supplements to enhance GABA, one can supplement GABA that is available at the
healthfood store. Excess GABA will lead to lethargy, and if long continued, Long-Term Potentiation will be
adversely affected, reducing memory enhancement, that is, learning capacity. Seizures induced by low GABA
levels appear to be pyridoxine dependent.
One Mom wrote: I am a parent of two children with pyridoxine dependent seizures. I was very pleased
to see the inclusion of a trial of pyridoxine for unexplained seizures in children under two years old. Our
first child was initially diagnosed as having idiopathic, infantile spasms at six months of age. It was not
until eight years later when his sister developed infantile spasms at the age of six months that the correct
diagnosis was made in both children. (I had to suggest the trial of pyridoxine.) Our son had been seen at
several major medical centers across the United States but pyridoxine dependency was not considered
because the seizures were controlled by very high doses of Klonipin. Even though pyridoxine, 100
mg/day, completely stopped the seizures in our daughter within three days, increasing the dose to 150
mg/day (10 mg/kg/day) in two divided doses had an even more remarkable effect, especially in improving
her verbalization and alertness. She is now almost three years old and doing very well. Our son has
improved by several grade levels in the last two years on a similar dosing schedule.
Both children started having seizures within a few weeks of my stopping breastfeeding. Since I had
continued my prenatal vitamins and large amounts of pyridoxine are secreted in breast milk, this probably
had a protective effect. Therefore, a history of severe seizures beginning soon after breastfeeding stops
may be worth noting. I have found about twenty families over the last several months who have children
with this disorder. Almost always, there have been significant delays in getting to the correct diagnosis.
Several families had already lost a child before having the correct diagnosis made in a sibling later.
29

Pyridoxine dependency is probably more common than previously thought, and significant improvement
may be seen with appropriate treatment even if the diagnosis is delayed.
One of the more recent studies on Type I diabetes was published in 2001 in the Lancet. This particular report
concerned a 31-year prospective study of over 10,000 children born in 1966 in northern Finland. The parents were
advised to give the children 2,000 IU of vitamin D per day. A year later, the researchers followed up with the
families to determine which children had been given the vitamin D), which had not, and if any of them had signs of
rickets (caused by severe vitamin D deficiency). The children who were regularly given the supplement during their
first year had approximately 80% less type I diabetes diagnosed over the next 31 years! In sharp contrast, those
children who showed signs of rickets at age one had 300% more type I diabetes diagnosed over the next 31 years.
A study from Italy confirms the lack of vitamin D in newly diagnosed Type 1 diabetes. Moreover, it is thought that
vitamin D3 supplementation, in particular its activated form, 1,-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3], may act as
an immunomodulator facilitating the shift from a Th2 to a Th1 immune response, according to scientists writing in
the journal, Hormone and Metabolic Research.
Recent research by Marshall, et al, in sarcoidosis and Crohns shows that the active form of the vitamin D hormone
(1,25 D) is present in excessive levels relative to the inactive 25 D form in patients diagnosed with a number of
inflammatory illnesses, such as chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, and Lyme disease. Evidence suggests that
this is due to unregulated production of 1,25 vitamin D by macrophages in the course of an excessive Th1 immune
response. Research indicates that this occurs in response to cell-wall-deficient (L-form) bacteria parasitizing (taking
up residence within) immune cells and other tissue. Testing for the active 1, 25 (OH) D must be done with frozen
urine samples by LabCorp who uses a more reliable, low cost test method. A high 1,25 (OH) D to 25 (OH) D
would suggest infection by L-form bacteria.
Usually, the inflammation caused by autoimmunity (sic) is treated by suppression of the immune system. This seems
to work, but with a high, price tag in side effects. It would surely be better to get at the cause. Researchers from
Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, and others, recently conducted a study of autoimmune mice.
These mice usually get fatal, autoimmune, kidney disease and die by age 2 months. Those receiving normal dietary
amounts of Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a plant compound from cruciferous vegetables, lived to the human equivalent of
120 years! (This substance is found in Phyt-Aloe by Mannatech, Inc.) It is probable that this effect is due to the
modulation of the process of methylation by the I3C. Methylation decreases with age, is disrupted by autoimmunity,
and I3C enhances this life-sustaining process. These cruciferous vegetables also greatly enhance production of
Glutathione and Glutathione Peroxidase that strengthen the immune function and the detoxification (cleansing)
capabilities of the body. Indole-3-carbinol is important in normalizing chemically sensitive people, for the food and
chemicals these days are high in pseudoestrogen compounds and dioxin. The antidote for dioxin (TCDD) is indole-3
carbinol. This might help normalized some childrens behavior. My research has shown that the chief therapeutic
intervention to prevent weight gain (regardless of age) is the anti-inflammatory diet. I have observed significant
weight loss in thousands of individuals who follow the simple formula of avoiding foods that are pro-inflammatory
and choosing in their place foods with anti-inflammatory properties. - Dr Nicholas Perricone, MD.
Reed Warren, et al, mention how the IgA findings relate to infections and report a fascinating double
susceptibility in that six of eight autistic kids with low IgA levels also had null alleles of the complement
C4b: ...IgA is also important in protection against pathogenic infections and participates in the clearance
of pathogens via the alternative complement pathway. C4 proteins [e.g., from the C4a and C4b genes]
are involved in the other complement pathway, the classical complement pathway. Therefore, it is
interesting that of the eight autistic subjects with decreased IgA levels, all but two also had a C4b null
allele suggesting that, in these patients, both pathways of complement activation [and response to
infections] are probably operating at less than optimal level.
If they are vitamin A deficient, are they producing secretory IgA? Many of these children have had
recurrent gastrointestinal and/or respiratory infections and otitis media beginning at 15-18 months.
Adequate vitamin A is needed to produce secretory IgA and to heal ciliated membranes, including those
30

that secrete IgA. To replace your mucous secreting cells, you need vitamin A. To create secretory IgA,
you need those cells healthy and these children need vitamin A to rebuild retinoid receptors associated
with G-protein all over the body - Dr. Mary Megson, MD.
A test of thirty-six children revealed grade I or II reflux esophagitis in 25 (69.4%) (vaccine induced?),
chronic gastritis in 15 (42%), and chronic duodenitis in 24 (67%). Low intestinal carbohydrate digestive
enzyme activity was reported in 21 children (58.3%), although there was no abnormality found in
pancreatic function. Seventy-five percent of the autistic children had an increased pancreatico-biliary fluid
output after intravenous administration of Secretin (indicating hypersensitivity of the pancreas)
-Gastrointestinal abnormalities in children with autistic disorder. J Pediatr 1999 Nov;135(5):559-63.
Children with autism produce higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (a localized, protective
reaction of tissue to irritation, injury, or infection, characterized by pain, redness, swelling, and sometimes
loss of function.) than children without autism. A lack of sleep markedly increases inflammatory
cytokines, especially IL-6, with an average of 40-60% increase in men and women. Men observed a 2030% increase in TNF(a) also.
During the progression of Mg deficiency in a rodent model, dramatic increases of inflammatory cytokines
were observed particularly in interleukins 1 and 6 (IL-1, IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). (In
addition to attacking tumor cells selectively, TNF is active against virus-infected cells. Excess TNF is
known to reduce vascular blood flow, increase oxidative stress, reduce glutathione levels, increase bone
resorption, suppress myelin formation, compete with insulin at receptor sites, damage pancreatic-beta
cells with aldehydes, and induce cell death.)
A landmark in our understanding of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pathogenesis came from studies done in
Berlin by Hans-Dieter Volk and his wife, Petra Reinke, who demonstrated that the most important
mediator that arouses the virus from latency is the elaboration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). This
results in reactivation of CMV (a necessary step to its elimination).
An increased production of various inflammatory peptides--such as Substance P (SP), CGRP (calcitoningene related peptide), and VIP (vasoactive intestinal peptide) which increases nitric oxide--is also
observed in Mg-deficient rats. VIP and CGRP are potent vasodilators. This is caused by the release of
nitric oxide from the endothelium. Its release can cause hypotension. Substance P is elevated up to
threefold in the spinal fluid of those with fibromyalgia. This might be increasing the brains perception of
pain in fibromyalgia. Nevertheless, TNF and SP are not the enemy. It appears that the lack of necessary
nutrients, particularly Mg and enzymes, allows inflammation and creates the problem. These
inflammatory peptides are then produced to control the initial cause of inflammation, whether viral or
irritation, however, obese people produce more than seven times as much TNF from their adipose tissue
as do normal weight people. Additionally, levels of these inflammatory cytokines were 60% higher in
those who get no exercise. Children diagnosed with mental retardation and with autism have very high
percentages of their numbers with these inflammatory cytokines (90% excess VIP, 81% excess CGRP).
Our problem is to boost the immune system activity (primarily the Th-1, Natural Killer cells) while
controlling the pro-inflammatory activity (Ambrotose Complex is a proven modulator of the immune
function). Sadeghi, et. al., has demonstrated that coconut oil in combination with fish oil (preferably codliver oil [CLO]) decreases levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF(a))
and Interleukin-6 (IL-6), while stimulating production of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin10 (IL-10). Interleukin-10 has been approved for treating IBD, but it is difficult and expensive to
produce. DHA fraction of fish oil is the best-documented supplement to suppress TNF-a, IL-6, IL-1(b),
and IL-8 (Jeyarajah et al. 1999; James et al. 2000; Watanabe et al. 2000; Yano et al. 2000). A study on
healthy humans and those with rheumatoid disease shows that fish oil suppresses these dangerous
31

cytokines by up to 90% (James et al. 2000). DHA is essential to memory and to retinal function, and
should be favored over EPA in our supplements.
Dr. Weston Price observed that a few drops of CLO with a few drops of Butter oil under the tongue revived the
ill, but singly they did not! We now know the butter oil is rich in vitamin K2, and that the three nutrients are
essential to the handling of calcium. Lauric acid of butter, coconut oil, and Mothers milk improves the function
of the Omega-6 pathway, and enables the fatty acids to accumulate in the tissues where the prostaglandins are
formed. Vitamin A supplementation in patients with low vitamin A levels resulted in increased interleukin-10 (IL10) and decreased TNF(a) levels. Additionally, others tested CLO and measured a 12% reduction of platelet
aggregation, improving circulation. In a small series, Lee et al. tested the hypothesis that because nitrous oxide
(NO) has pro-inflammatory effects on bronchial epithelial cells, supplemental iron, an inhibitor of NO synthase,
may reduce the cough associated with the use of ACE inhibitors. Patients treated with iron, but not those with
placebo, had significant reductions in cough scores.
Autistic children have been shown to exhibit many anomalies in cell-mediated immunity, including
abnormal T-cell activation (Warren et al, 1995), decreased relative numbers of helper-inducer
lymphocytes, and a lower helper-suppressor ratio. (Denney et al, 1996) These last 2 measures were
inversely correlated with severity of autistic symptoms. Cytokines can be reduced by long-chain (n-3)
polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and vitamin A, making cod-liver oil a good choice. This, in turn,
results in reduction of the severity of certain autoimmune, inflammatory, and atherosclerotic diseases, and
reduces cytokine-induced anorexia (loss of appetite). Autoimmune diseases associated with vitamin A
deficiency include rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile arthritis, Lyme disease, systemic lupus, and insulin
dependent diabetes mellitus.
Vitamin A is crucial to a very sophisticated bi-directional mechanism that takes place in the digestive system and
leads to immune tolerance across the entire gut lining. Immune tolerance is the essence of good health. An
intolerant immune system will lead to a wide range of illnesses, and the gut is where many people first lose immune
tolerance. Vitamin A (retinoic acid) is key to our ability to consume a wide range of antigens (food) and yet not
react adversely.
Eskimos, Irish, and Northern European Seacoast dwellers who subsist largely upon fish have lost the Delta-5 and
-6 Desaturase enzymes! Thus, if removed from their high-fish diets, their prostaglandins are in disarray for want of
these enzymes necessary to conversion of Omega-6 oils. Could this not be a strong contributing cause to the fact
that Autism is at its highest rates among the Northern Europeans and Irish? In other peoples, stress, a vitamindeficient, high-grain (carbohydrate) diet, and trans-fatty acids shut down Delta-6 Desaturase! Linoleic acid also
decreases the bodys conversion of alpha-linolenic acid to EPA. However, the Delta-6-desaturase has a higher
affinity for a-linolenic acid than it has for linoleic acid. This is known as Competitive Inhibition. Insulin resistance in
adult-onset diabetes is associated with fewer membrane, long-chain, unsaturated fatty acids due to this impaired
desaturase and elongase enzyme function.
Steven Maier, PhD, (Neal Miller Lecture, APA 2001) told how he can disrupt learning and memory in rats
by injecting bacteria into rats digestive tracts or by injecting interleukin-1 into their hippocampus. This
infection triggers a nonspecific immune response often called the sickness response, because it triggers
a series of physiological and behavioral changes, including fever, changes in liver metabolism, reduced
food and water intake, reduced sexual activity, reduced exploration, and increased anxiety. It also
activates a classic, stress response releasing stress hormones such as cortisol and pro-inflammatory
cytokines, which include interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Immune cells called
macrophages, which are the first on the scene of any infection, create these molecules, and experiments
showed that they act inside the brain to trigger the sickness response. It is of interest to note that
cadmium stops healthy macrophages from gobbling up bacteria, leaving you more vulnerable to
infections; whereas, viruses cause the body to retain heavy metals, particularly mercury.
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Maier also showed that high levels of stress alone could produce these same immune responses and make
you sick! Excess cortisol has been shown to produce hypertension, poor wound healing, bone loss,
muscle wasting, thin skin, and sleep fragmentation. High cortisol, induced by stress, causes both insulin
resistance and thyroid hormone resistance, which increases the estrogen burden! Unfermented soy
contributes a high estrogen input as well. Dysbiosis and poor digestion prevents the body from
eliminating unnecessary estrogen. Excess estrogen binds the thyroid transport proteins so the thyroid
hormones cannot get to the cells causing hypothyroid symptoms. - Dr Datis Kharrazian, DHSc, DC,
MS. Iodine disarms estrogen and reduces your cancer risk! This also helps restore an older mans
testosterone/estrogen balance, preventing many symptoms including big boobs! Cortisol is a killer of
brain cells, especially in the hippocampus, affecting memory adversely; but it also drains your immune
function and makes you depressed (excess cortisol suppresses cellular immune responses and destroys
immature T-cells, shifting to Th2 dominance)! Chronic stress, such as these children (and you Moms)
suffer, increases behavioral, biochemical, hormonal, physiological, and psychological responses and puts
any excess fat on your middle (visceral fat, the most dangerous kind)!
Additionally, isolation without social support also raises cortisol. Moms, take time to relax and socialize! Do a
daily relaxation-meditation exercise. Take a vigorous 20-minute walk in the sun, bring the child; he needs the
exercise and the sun as much as you. He will eat and sleep better, as will you. You might want to consider
Rhodiola Rosea, an herbal adaptogen that enhances energy (burns calories) and mental functions, and take 200
to 400 mcg of chromium (not picolinate) that reduces Cortisol by 47%. Tests with vitamin C (1000-3000
mg/day) showed significant lowering of cortisol and blood pressure after physical and psychological stress.
Three mg of melatonin before bedtime reduces visceral fat.
7-Keto DHEA was shown also to reduce diastolic blood pressure, increase neutrophils, the first white blood
cells to respond to infection; and it counteracted the effect of glucocorticoids, such as cortisol. When mice with
compromised immune function were subjected to mild stress for one month, a long time in a mouses life, their
white blood cells and thyroid hormones were decreased, however, when they given 7-Keto DHEA at 15 mg/kg
their blood cells proliferated and Natural Killer Cell activity was dramatically enhanced. Thyroid levels returned
to normal. Unlike DHEA, 7-Keto does not affect sex hormone levels. Life Extension Foundation has a
combined supplement of DHEA and 7-keto (DHEA Complete).
When cellular immune function (Th1) is decreased, antibodies are greatly increased. Conversely, when
cellular immune function is restored, antibodies decrease. The pattern of antibody response also will vary
as the antigen load changes qualitatively and quantitatively. I understand this to mean that high antibodies
to an antigen indicate a present, heavy load of that infectious agent. (Low lymphocytes and high
monocytes may be similarly indicative of chronic infection/inflammation.)
Intractable childhood epilepsy is associated with low blood values of IgG-2 and IgG-4; replacement
therapy may lead to remission of symptoms. IgG-4 may also be low in some children with febrile
convulsions. The antiseizure drug carbamazepine (TegretolTM) may cause a reduction in IgG-2 while
phenytoin (DilantinTM) may be associated with decreases in IgA, IgG-3, and IgG-4. Anti-IgA antibodies
have been detected in epileptic patients with low serum IgA concentrations. In children with these
abnormal antibody patterns, selenium (Se) supplementation at a dose of 10-mcg/kg bodyweight for six
months significantly increased IgG-2 and IgG-4 levels and reduced the number of infections. Low blood
values of these two immunoglobulin antibodies are associated with intractable seizures. Selenium and
vitamin E supplementation have overcome intractable seizures that were resistant to drugs. Under normal
conditions, a Se intake of less than 1,000 g/day (or 15 g/Kg bodyweight) does not cause toxicity.
People in parts of China, the US, Venezuela, and Greenland have ingested Se at this level for their entire
lives without ill effects.

33

Both selenium and vitamin E deficiencies are known to independently stimulate the formation of
antibodies. Studies have suggested that Se provided in certain forms can neutralize carcinogens and heavy
metals, enhance thyroid and immune system function, prevent harmful mutation of viruses, favorably alter
gene (including p53) expression, inhibit tumor cell metabolism and neo-angiogenesis (blood vessel
development around tumors), and promote apoptosis (programmed cell death). Other symptoms of
selenium (Se) deficiency may be muscle aches, pains, and weakness, tender thighs, and discomfort in
walking. There may be skin problems and infertility. Children may not grow properly. Se appears to be
influential in the brain, and several studies that indicate low Se levels are associated with cognitive
impairment, depression, anxiety, intolerance, and hostility. These conditions can be alleviated in
individuals with low baseline Se levels by Se supplementation. Recent studies suggest that selenoprotein
P, selenoprotein W75, and selenoprotein M76 have important roles in the brain. The vital need for
selenium in the brain is indicated in that it hoards the available selenium when it is lacking. Se forms
selenides with all metals, and detoxifies mercury, cadmium, lead, silver, thallium, and arsenic. This effect
can be enhanced by vitamin E. New Zealand, Finland, Serbia, and certain counties in China have the
lowest selenium in the world. The Northwest, Northeast, and Southeast United states have low levels in
the soil. Selenium levels plummet after surgery, injury, infection, blood loss, and with advancing age (Am
Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Oct 1979). A lack of selenium induces T3 deficient hypothyroidism. Fish and
wheat are the richest sources of selenium. Though fish is high in selenium, taking 50-mcg selenium with a
fish meal ensures binding of the mercury.
Human populations exposed environmentally to arsenic have a high incidence of bladder, kidney, liver, and skin
cancer (Kitchin, 2001). One study showed that those with Type 2 diabetes had 26% higher levels of arsenic than
those who were free of the disease. Those with the highest levels of arsenic were four times more likely to have the
disease than those who had the lowest levels of arsenic. Mothers often ask where the high arsenic levels found in
their children come from. It can come from playgrounds where wood was treated with arsenic that has now
contaminated the sand in the sandbox, from the decking around your house, plastic playpen padding, wool rug and
underlays, but largely, it may come from your drinking water. Many waters have significant amounts of arsenic. Ask
your agency for a lab report on water content. Arsenic exposure in mice suppressed the IgM and IgG antibody
forming cell response, inhibited antigen driven T-cell proliferation and macrophage activity, decreased CD4 splenic
cell number, and suppressed contact hypersensitivity responses (Burns and Munson, 1993; Patterson et al., 2004;
Sikorski et al., 1989). In other words, it destroys the normal immune response. One possible mechanism for
enhanced tumorigenesis in arsenic-exposed populations is that damage to the immune system impairs the responses
to transformed cells (Andres, 2005). In fact, inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation in response to
phytohemaglutinin (PHA a lectin found in legumes) stimulation has been reported in adult human populations
exposed to arsenic contaminated drinking water. Now, Soto-Pena et al. (2006) demonstrated that proliferation of
peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to PHA was significantly decreased in association with an increase
in arsenic concentration in urine of children 610 years of age exposed chronically to arsenic. Release of
interleukin-2 (a T-cell growth factor) from these cells was also significantly suppressed. Studies that demonstrate
significant immune suppression in children exposed to environmentally relevant levels of a toxicant are not a
common occurrence, so this case is particularly notable.
The antibody response to diphtheria toxoid decreased at age 18 months by 24% for each doubling of the
cumulative PCB exposure at the time of examination. At 2-years of age, 21% of children had diphtheria toxoid
antibody concentrations below the limit for long-term protection. The Heilmann study suggests that children
exposed to PCBs in utero or soon after birth are at greater risk of infection, and in fact, studies have shown an
increased frequency of childhood infections in children who have been exposed to PCBs and other organochlorine
pollutants via their mothers contaminated diet (Dallaire et al., 2006; Dewailly et al., 2000; Nagayama et al.,1998;
Weisglas-Kuperus et al., 2000). Similar studies with cigarette-smoking mothers and in animals with toxins of many
kinds show suppression of the immune function in offspring.
34

Additionally, in workers exposed to fluorine, those with subclinical hypothyrosis [reduced triiodothyronine (T3) in 51%] had immune alterations that were more evident. T-lymphocytes count rose,
but their functional activity declined, indicating impaired cooperation of immunocytes as a result of
imperfect control under low concentrations of T3 (Balabolkin, 1995). Some convert T3 into the inactive
reverse T3, and thus have a relative deficiency of the active hormone (Wilsons Syndrome). Their
immune system is driving with no brakes! Additionally, in absence of T3, a nerve fiber will not conduct an
impulse! Vitamin A is also needed to convert T4 to T3, making this abstract of interest:
Vitamin A deficiency increases inflammatory responses. Wiedermann U, Chen XJ,
Enerback L, Hanson LA, Kahu H, Dahlgren UI-Department of Clinical Immunology,
University of Goteborg, Sweden.
The authors studied the influence of vitamin A deficiency on immediate and delayed type
hypersensitivity as well as granulocyte-mediated inflammatory reactions in vitamin A
depleted and control rats. The number of circulating leucocytes was 43% higher in the
vitamin A deficient than in the control animals. The leucocytosis was a result of a general
increase of white blood cells and was not due to an increase in one particular type. The
ratio between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was unchanged. The vitamin A deficient rats had a
four times higher T-cell proliferative response and a two times higher interferon-gamma
production in vitro than the control animals. In accordance, the DTH reaction was
consistently higher in the vitamin A deficient rats. The granulocyte dependent
inflammation, induced by olive oil injection, was also strongly enhanced in the vitamin A
deficient rats compared with the controls. In addition, the spontaneous release of nitric
oxide from the peritoneal phagocytes was five times higher in the vitamin A deficient
animals. The number of peritoneal mast cells was about one and a half times higher in the
vitamin A deficient than in the control animals. The density of IgE-receptors on the mast
cells, the IgE receptor occupancy, and the histamine release from the mast cells did not
differ between the groups, however. The vitamin A deficient, immunized rats displayed a
consistently stronger immediate skin reaction after intracutaneous antigen injection than
the immunized control rats, despite lower IgE antibody levels. The skin reaction, after
intracutaneous injection of histamine, was also significantly greater in the deficient
animals. Despite the stronger reaction to antigen and histamine, the passive cutaneous
anaphylaxis reaction was lower in the vitamin A deficient rats. In conclusion, the study
shows that vitamin A deficiency aggravates the clinical manifestations of inflammatory
reactions. Thus, vitamin A deficiency might lead to a higher risk of acquiring irreversible
tissue damage and disabling destruction. End of Abstract
A young medical intern at Harvard had a young man die in spite of his best efforts to save him. His white
blood cells were stippled with bizarre, angry-looking granules that had been defined much earlier as
toxic leukocytes. These indicated a widespread inflammatory condition. Could this not have been a
simple or an imbalance of fatty acids, or both? Be aware that being overweight contributes to systemwide inflammation, as fat cells give off substances that not only prmote more fat accumulation, but that
exacerbates inflammation. Make sure you are all getting enough vitamins A and D and omega-3 fatty
acids, all present in cod-liver oil. Nevertheless, Dr Floyd H. Chilton, Ph.D., (Winning the War Within) has
shown in his research that you cant affect inflammation by attempts to balance fatty acids alone. You
must reduce the amounts of carbohydrates typically consumed, especially those of high-glycemic index. It
is an excess of carbohydrates (especially the high-glycemic ones) that cause inflammation in the first place
by elevating insulin that imbalances the fatty acids. Request my paper on Glycemic Index of Common
Foods.

35

We have observed the chronic infections present and the effect upon them of various nutrients. This
abstract is so vital to the recovery from autism that I quote it in its entirety:
Early Diagnosis of Alzheimers Disease and Autism by Non-Invasively Measuring
Acetylcholine, -Amyloid (1-42), Al, Hg, and Viral and Bacterial Infection; particularly
CMV, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Safe and Effective
Treatment With Compatible and Effective Medication (including Substance Z), and
Selective Drug Uptake Enhancement Method.
Yoshiaki Omura, M.D., Sc.D., FACA, FICAE, FAAIM, FRSM
Director of Medical Research, Heart Disease Research Foundation; President, Intl College
of Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics; President, Japan Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Medical
Society; Adjunct Prof., Dept. of Community & Preventive Medicine, New York Medical
College; Prof., Dept. of Non-Orthodox Medicine, Ukrainian National Kiev Medical Univ.
(Correspondence: 800 Riverside Dr(8-1), NYC, 10032, Tel: (212) 781-6262; Fax:(212)
923-2279)
ABSTRACT
Even when one can prevent or survive major causes of death, cardio-vascular diseases,
and cancer, once an individual manages to reach 80 years old, more than 20% of the
people over 80 develop Alzheimers Disease. Although there are some medications, which
can slow down the progress of Alzheimers disease, there is no reliable method of
reversing Alzheimers disease. Since old age population is increasing every year in
developed countries, expenses and burden of taking care of Alzheimers disease will
become astronomical. Similarly, the population of autism patients among children is also
increasing every year, and there is no reliable treatment for autism available. As a result,
these people become an additional burden for the families and society.
During the past 5 years, the author has been evaluating both Alzheimers patient and
Autism patient and found that they have a significantly similar abnormal findings in the
brain. The author often found the following to be common between Alzheimers and
Autism patients:
Excessive deposit of metal such as Al and Hg, with or without Pb, in Hippocampus
& the rest of brain, particularly motor cortex
Acetylcholine is markedly reduced in Hippocampus & rest of brain, particularly
motor cortex
-Amyloid (1-42) is markedly increased in Hippocampus & rest of brain, particularly
motor cortex
Strong Viral infection exists often due to CMV and HHV-6 in Hippocampus & rest
of brain, particularly motor cortex.
Bacterial Infection exists often due to Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycobacterium
tuberculosis in Hippocampus & rest of brain, particularly motor cortex.
To remove excessive metals, Cilantro extract (made by Hayashibara Biochemical Lab of
Okayama, Japan), originally discovered for its chelating effects on metals such as Al, Hg,
and Pb is used. To enhance removal of heavy metals, and as a safe, natural, effective,
antiviral agent, a mixture of EPA 180mg and 120mg DHA (Omega3 fatty acids), 4
times/day, was used for adults (a relatively low amount); however, for autistic children,
optimal dose is measured individually using Bi-Digital O-ring Test.
36

Selective Drug Uptake Method to the brain is performed either by stimulation of the brain
representation area at the 1st segment of the middle finger, either mechanically or by red spectral
light from LED. More than 95% of the excess metal deposit in hippocampus and rest of brain can
be removed using Cilantro and Selective Drug Uptake Enhancement to selectively deliver the
Cilantro to the brain within several hours. Once the major part of excessive deposit of metal is
removed from brain, Acetylcholine often increases 2 or 3X of the original, abnormally-reduced
amount without any other treatment. Within the past 2 years, the author discovered that the two
major causes of the increase in water insoluble -Amyloid (1-42) is due to brain infection
(particularly hippocampus) of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The
author also succeeded in reducing, in a majority of the patients, -Amyloid (1-42) to normal level
and in more than 70% of the patients not only stopped the progress of Alzheimers Disease and
Autism; but also often was able to successfully revert to normal condition by treating Chlamydia
trachomatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis successfully if the patient was diagnosed within 2 or
3 years.
Two years ago, the author found that the most common major cause of increase in Amyloid (1- 42) in brain is Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the brain. In 2002, the
author found, in a woman patient, that he was able to reduce the amount of -Amyloid
(1-42) from 12ng to 6ng by treating her Chlamydia trachomatis infection of more than
1500ng, but he could not reduce it any further. Upon further evaluation of the brain, the
author found extensive Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of 40 g; and the short-term
memory deficiency could not be eliminated in this 30-year-old woman. In addition, she had
CMV infection and HHV-6, both of which were sensitive to mixture of 180mg of EPA and
120mg of DHA, and she had a bacterial infection sensitive to Trimox (Amoxicillin made by
Bristol Meyers). When multiple mixed infections co-exist, ideally, all the infections should
be treated at the same time as it is often observed when only one infection is treated, other
bacterial or viral infections are often increased; however, in the past it was often not
possible due to the drug interactions when multiple drugs are given at the same time. For
example, for Chlamydia trachomatis infection, Azithromycin is among the most effective
antibiotics for Chlamydia trachomatis, but it is not compatible with a mixture of
EPA+DHA as well as Trimox, and therefore due to canceling effect. Azithromycin cannot
be used with these medications to treat multiple infections.
However, Doxycycline, which is also effective for Chlamydia trachomatis is compatible with a
mixture of EPA+DHA as well as Trimox. On the other hand, the most commonly used medication
for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is Isoniazide, often with additional Rifampin, but
Isoniazide is not compatible with a mixture of EPA+ DHA which we use as a safe and effective
anti-viral agent, and also not compatible with Trimox which is one of the broadest spectrum antibacterial agent. In addition, in order to get a good result, one has to continually use Isoniazide 2
times a day, for at least 1 or 2 years; but it often produces liver toxicity, and many people cannot
continue treatment full term. Even a small amount of alcohol, such as a 1/2 cup of beer, produces
liver damage, and the patient often feels completely exhausted. To solve this problem, the author
evaluated about 150 different traditional Chinese and Japanese herbal medicines made by Tsumura
Pharmaceutical Company of Japan, and one herbal medicine called Saikokeishito (Tsumura
Product No. 10) was found to have a more efficient anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis effect, and
up to now, has shown no significant side effects.
Saikokeishito was found to be compatible with a mixture of EPA+DHA and compatible
with Trimox, but it is not compatible with Doxycycline used to treat Chlamydia
trachomatis; because of this limitation, we could not simultaneously treat all the viruses
and bacteria including Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis at the
37

same time. The Indigo plant is known empirically to have beneficial effect on some of
Diabetic patients. According to the authors clinical research, the most common cause of
Diabetes is CMV infection, Chlamydia trachomatis infection, or mixed infection of the
CMV and Chlamydia trachomatis. Since the author found that Indigo Plant is beneficial for
Diabetes only due to Chlamydia Trachomatis infection while it is not effective for Diabetes
due to CMV alone, Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratory extracted 9-major components
of Indigo Plant for the author to evaluate. All of the original 9-extracts were toxic, and
had no beneficial effects. However, after the author diluted all of 9-extracts 2X, 3X, and
4X, then the author found only one of 9 to be beneficial for Chlamydia trachomatis
infection. This substance, Indigo 9-1, is an effective form of one of the 9-major
components of Indigo plant that the author found to have an anti-Chlamydia trachomatis
effect.
Originally, when components were isolated by Dr. Fukuda and his associates of Hayashbara
Biochemical Laboratory of Okayama City, Japan, the author found that it has a definite antiChlamydia trachomatis effect, but unfortunately its effective duration was an average of one
hour and, therefore, we could not treat the patient effectively, as no patient wants to take
medicine 12 times a day. To solve this problem, when the author and Hayashibara Biochemical
researchers slightly modified original natural preparation of effective component to prolong the
duration, its effective duration was enhanced to an average of 6-8 hours; as a result, the author
found it had a most powerful anti-Chlamydia effect, but also, no known side effect. We named
this natural substance as Substance Z. Substance Z has additional advantages, namely, it is
compatible with mixture of EPA+DHA, it is compatible with Trimox, and it is compatible with
Saikokeishito. Thus, since 2002, it becomes possible to treat Mycobacterium tuberculosis and
Chlamydia trachomatis at the same time, along with other bacterial infections sensitive to
Trimox, and viral infection sensitive to the mixture of EPA+ DHA as an anti-viral agent. We
found that we could treat a patient with all these multiple infections, including viral infection
sensitive to mixture of EPA+DHA, bacterial infection sensitive to Trimox, Chlamydia
trachomatis sensitive to Substance Z, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitive to
Saikokeishito (once optimal dose of each medication is determined for each individual patient)
all at the same time without the mutually canceling effect of drug interactions. In addition, we
use selective, drug-uptake enhancement, delivering drugs selectively to the pathological area of
the brain by stimulating an organ representation area of the brain on the first segment of the
middle fingers, or the brain representation area of the underside of the tongue, or the ear lobules
by either mechanical stimulation or red spectral light stimulation. As a result, we are now able to
significantly eliminate most of the infections within a few days, and to eliminate the above listed
abnormal findings in the brain.
In the normal brain, -Amyloid (1-42) is less than 3ng, but when it increases above 4 or
5 ng often people develop short-term memory deficiency, and when its increases between
7 and 12ng it is considered to be early stage of Alzheimers disease. Acetylcholine
normally should have at least 1500g, but brain dysfunction began to appear, becoming
noticeable by others when its reduced below 500g. In early stages of Alzheimers
disease, it goes down between 200 and 100g, and in most of the advanced Alzheimers
patients, Acetylcholine is below 150-100g. With the latest, effective, safe treatment
described above, when we eliminate most of the infections to practically zero, such as
Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are <l zg (=10-21g), short-term
memory deficiency will disappear particularly when -Amyloid (1-42) become less than
2 or 3 ng. However, in the advanced, old Alzheimers patient, when the -Amyloid is
increased to 12 or 20ng for a period of more than 3 or 4 years, often neurons are already
damaged irreversibly. As a result, even when we succeed in lowering -Amyloid (1-42)
38

to less than 2 or 3 ng, short-term memory failure cannot be reversed; therefore it is most
important to make early diagnosis and treat them as quickly as possible.
Similarly, in Autism patients the problem usually started at the time of birth, but most of the parents
and physicians only recognize it when children reaches 1 1/2 or 2 years old, and thus it is important
to detect non-invasively above described abnormal biochemical changes and infections. Ideally,
they should be examined shortly after birth. In the case of Autism (unlike advanced Alzheimers
patient) often, it is possible to reverse partially and sometimes even significantly with more than 3
or 4-year history. End of Abstract.
Fluoride is a scourge, and putting it in city water is a criminal act against the American people! Therefore,
we must take responsibility for our own health: Eat more foods high in iodine, calcium, and vitamins C
and D and supplement iodinc to reduce the absorption of fluoride by the body and to promote the
excretion of fluoride from the body to ensure better health for people in the high fluoride regions.
Fluorides damage the GSH and SOD enzymes and act much like dioxin, which works via this enzyme
process to create reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage. There were air/lung pathway effects, soil
contamination/food pathways into the gastrointestinal system, and ground and surface water pathways
into communities. These pathways for fluorides connected them with the CFS-like symptoms and asthma
seen in workers and communities. Asthma is directly connected to reduced GSH and SOD. The workers
had high levels of calcium that is indicative of fluoride exposure. They also had high retention of metals
and high porphyrin. Porphirine and porphyrins are diagnostic indicators of toxic-cell damage effects from
metals and chemicals.
Fluorides are pulled into the lymph nodes and the affinity of fluoride for calcium produces an insoluble
precipitate that is similar to the effects caused by the insoluble metals. The effect sets up TNF(a) and hyperoxygen (ROS) damage that locally lowers glutathione in the lymph cells. TNF(a) promotes viral RNA
replication. Increasing viral infection in the type-I macrophages promotes more TNF(a), and this is multiplied by
the repeating effect of cells in the lymph system. This activation of the T-cell helper-1 (Th1 - Natural-killer cells)
process also sets up a switch to T-cell helper-2 (Th2 - antibody) mode slowly as the macrophages stop working
and foreign-cell products accumulate in the tissues that trigger the Th2 mode.
The fluoride damage to the enzyme processes like glutathione (GSH), and others like it, set up factors
that result in retention of the lethal metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead, nickel, and others. This results
in the appearance of persons with high-fluorine effects having heavy-metal poisoning. The fluoride effect
driving the retention of metals like mercury adds dramatically toward the nervous-system damage and
loss of T-cells. The loss of GSH and other clearing enzymes results in a see-saw like effect where the
beneficial trace elements such as selenium, zinc, magnesium, and copper are depleted and the harmful
metals like mercury, lead, and cadmium are increased. Such observations often lead to chelation-type
therapy, which needs to be done carefully with reintroduction of beneficial mineral cocktails and keeping
GSH levels preserved or increasing.
Fluorides tend to be accumulated (integrated) over a lifetime and the same net dose occurs from a tenunit dose over one year or that of a one unit dose over ten years! This taken from the DOEs coverup on
CFS, Fluoride, and its massive effect on human health: THE CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME
REPORT By: J. E. Phelps Copyright 2004, 2005.
How then to get rid of this scourge? Pamela from Washington writes:
I have suffered with Fibromyalgia/Rosacea and TMJ for over 10 years... My first symptoms
appeared shortly after I began taking Paxil. After about 8 months when I found the Paxil side
effects intolerable, my doctor switched me to Prozac. Well...within 2 years, I had gained 75
pound, couldn't get my temperature to a normal 98.6 (it wouldn't budge above 96.6), broke
39

out with a fierce case of Rosacea (skin blistering & pealing in layers off my cheeks), was
chronically fatigued and suffered from TMJ symptoms.
After reading the FLUORIDE information on EarthClinc and researching the chemical
formulas of the many antidepressants that I had taken over the last 10 years, I had an
epiphany...My problem was FLUORIDE! Incidentally, the symptoms of FLUORIDE
TOXICITY are the same as Fibromyalgia; so, it wasnt surprising to learn that FLUORIDE is
the primary ingredient in MANY widely prescribed antidepressants, including PAXIL and
PROZAC!
Without delay, I began adding 1/8 tsp of BORAX and 1/8 tsp of NATURAL (UN-bleached)
SEA SALT to a liter of DE-CLORINATED water. (A similr amount in bath water should work
wonders.) This regimen just happens to both neutralize the FLUORIDE and KILL the nasty
mites that cause Rosacea. I began drinking 1 liter per day for 5 days. On the two off days, I
simply drank purified, bottled, spring water.
The results were nothing short of MIRACULOUS, within two weeks my face cleared, the
redness faded and best of all, my temperature normalized to 98.6, and my energy level began
to steadily increase. (Do expect the break out to get worse before it gets better as the mites
die off.)
In just one month, without dieting or changing my daily routine (other than adding BORAX &
SEA SALT to my drinking water), I dropped 4 pounds and I continue to drop weight at about
a pound a week. I attribute this to my increased body temperature and elevated metabolism.
ALSO...when I eliminated the FLUORIDE in my toothpaste, my gums stopped swelling and
bleeding and all PREVIOUS phantom tooth/jaw pain simply disappeared. I have had only
POSITIVE results and absolutely NO SIDE EFFECTS! Incidentally, this BORAX & SEA
SALT water is extremely ALKALINE with a pH between 8 - 9 pH.
The only other way I know to control fluoride is to filter your water supply with a quality filter and to
supplement iodine as heavily as you dare, up to 50 mg per day, (adult), subject to other considerations
herein. Dr. Bruce Wests Health Alerts Newsletter, June 2006 states, People with stubborn arrhythmias
get better on 10, 20, even up to 50 mg of iodine daily for three to four months. Start at 3-6 mg daily and
gradually increase until the heart smoothes out its beat at a proper 60-70 beats per minute when resting.
One can also control the TNFa and other cytokines as outlined elsewhere in this paper. For those who are
extremely sensitive to other supplements, lesser amounts of iodine should be used, and the dose reduced
if any increased palpitations are experienced.
One should never supplement iodine or do the iodine skin test if iodine allergy is suspected unless on a
doctors advice. Though allergic to medical solutions injected, one will rarely be allergic to oral iodine.
Further, rarely, some may experience mild side effects as the body adapts to the new adequacies of iodine.
Often, it is a detox response (bromine, fluoride, or heavy metals) that will clear shortly. Sensitive
individuals may note skin irritations (especially where painted on the skin), watery eyes and nose,
sneezing, increased saliva - perhaps nervousness or headache. Some highly sensitive persons may note
racing heart or irritation of the esophagus. This does not mean that iodine is not needed. Have your
NAET practitioner neutralize your allergy and then proceed. These same symptoms, especially a leaky
nose and sneezing, could mean you have taken the high dose of iodine long enough and you should cut
back. Incidentally, iodine supplementation can cause extremely bad breath due to the breakdown and
release of bromine in the gut. Bromine from bread causes reflux - iodine causes gastritis and reflux by
disengaging the bromine in the gut. Chlorophyll capsules relieve these symptoms, including bad breath.
40

Lack of iodine causes achlorhydria (lack of stomach acid), which results in a host of digestive problems
and eventual protein deficiency.
Both organic and inorganic fluoride compounds have been shown to inhibit zinc-containing enzymes,
such as carbonic anhydrase (Dugad et al 1988,1989; Gelb et al, 1985) that is not only necessary to
digestion, but is now used as a marker for thyroid dysfunction (Hori et al, 1998). Zinc-dependent
enzymes control the release of vitamin A from the liver; thus, their being inhibited may well lead to a
vitamin A deficiency and a paradox of hepatotoxicity of vitamin A. Another study found that large, oral
supplements of vitamin A preserved mucosal IgA level during protein malnutrition, possibly by stimulating
Th2 cytokine production and thereby, inducing resistance against infection. Fluoride causes damage to the
fat in your body (lipid peroxidation), which is counteracted by the antioxidants beta-carotene and
superoxide dismutase.
In Wilsons Disease, researchers have shown that a persistent copper toxicity can overload and disable
MT proteins. Copper is neurotoxic at lower levels than recently thought and it produces large amounts of
free radicals. In rabbits, excess copper induces accumulation of beta amyloid and senile plaques, the
hallmarks of Alzheimers Disease that often affects Downs and older autistics. Autopsy of Brains of
Alzheimers victims shows hallmark pathological changes caused by free-radical activity, including DNA
damage and oxidation of proteins and fats. The leading Wilsons Disease therapy involves removal of
excessive copper from liver, kidneys, and brain followed by restoration of normal zinc levels. Dr. W.
Walsh proposes that the same treatment may be effective in treating autism. Test for copper in tap water:
mix half a glass of water with a half-ounce of household ammonia - -ounce would be a tablespoon. If it
turns blue, you need your water tested further.
Elevated serotonin levels have been consistently found in 30%-50% of autistic patients, and may
represent a marker for familial autism. Hyperserotonemia in autism appears to be due to enhanced 5-HT
(serotonin) uptake, as free 5-HT levels are normal and the current report of an excess of the long/long 5HTTLPR genotype in autism could provide a partial molecular explanation for high platelet serotonin
content in autism-PMID: 11378854. Serotonin synthesis is decreased in the brains of autistic children and
increased in autistic adults, relative to age-matched controls (Chugani et al, 1999), while whole blood
serotonin in platelets is elevated regardless of age (Leboyer; Cook, 1990). One study reports that a
decrease in cortical 5-HT2A receptors is the main neurochemical event underlying the impairing effect of
hypothyroidism on 5-HT neurotransmission (Kulikov et al, 1999). Dr. Ward Dean, MD, states that 5-HTP
does not raise peripheral levels of serotonin as it is converted to serotonin in the brain. This would seem
to provide a solution to the need for enhanced serotonin in the brains of children while restricting it in the
blood stream. Adequate magnesium would prevent premature destruction in the synapse also contributing
to increased presence in the brain.
Low brain serotonin levels are associated with increased sensitivity to pain, and chronic pain sufferers
appear to have reduced serotonin functioning. Serotonin is known to have an effect on pain awareness, in
part by controlling the release of a pain-signaling, brain chemical called Substance P.
Researchers have found a mutation in the human serotonin transporter gene, hSERT, in unrelated families
with OCD. A second variant in the same gene of some patients with this mutation suggests a genetic
double hit, resulting in greater biochemical effects and more severe symptoms. Interviews of the
patients families revealed that 6 of the 7 individuals with the mutation had OCD or OC personality
disorder and some also had anorexia nervosa, Aspergers syndrome, social phobia, tic disorder, and
alcohol or other substance abuse/dependence.
The combination of these changes, both of which increase serotonin transport, may explain the unusual
severity and treatment resistance of the illnesses in the subjects and their siblings. This is probably the
41

first report of a modification in a transporter gene resulting in a gain rather than a decrease in function,
said NIMH Director Thomas Insel, M.D.
SERT allows neurons, platelets, and other cells to accumulate the chemical neurotransmitter serotonin,
which affects emotions and drives. Neurons communicate by using chemical messengers, like serotonin
and dopamine, between cells. The transporter protein, by recycling serotonin back into the neuron,
regulates its concentration in a gap, or synapse, and thus, its effect on a receiving neurons receptor. This
mutation removes available serotonin from the synapse, having the effect of a serotonin deficiency.
Transporters are important sites for agents that treat psychiatric disorders. Drugs that reduce the binding
of serotonin to transporters (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs) are used (with apparent,
initial success) to treat mental disorders. This prevents normal reuptake into platelets and other cells (as
well as into neurons), and as a result, could contribute to bleeding, as a certain level of serotonin is
needed for platelets to aggregate normally in controlling bleeding. This previously unreported information
indicates that SSRIs are all the more dangerous when taken with coumadin, NSAIDs, or aspirin (8 fold
risk). Combining NSAIDs, aspirin, and and SSRIs increase risk to 28-fold! The study found this increase
risk continued even after discontinuing SSRIs! About half of patients with OCD are treated with SSRIs
(with apparent initial success), but those with the hSERT gene defect do not seem to respond to them as
expected, according to the study. Any vulnerability to OCD from gene effects most likely interacts with
events in the environment like stresses, gender, and treatments, Murphy said.
A related study, reported in the August 2003 Molecular Pharmacology, tested consequences of the hSERT
variant. Researchers found that the I425V mutation of hSERT increased the transport activity of this
protein, capturing more serotonin and most likely reducing effects at the receiving neurons receptors,
outperforming the common transporter. The mutant molecule was not regulated normally, and did not
respond to cell signals that activate the common form of the transporter.
Finally, these kids are hypersensitive to everything: sound, light, touch, and colors. Typically, bright
yellow will drive them up the wall leading to all sorts of aberrant behavior. This sensitivity is usually
related to a deficiency of vitamin B6, zinc, and magnesium. It can be from a G-protein defect.
First of all, it seems important to discriminate between the two types of magnesium deficit:
magnesium deficiency and magnesium depletion. In the case of magnesium deficiency, the
disorder corresponds to an insufficient magnesium intake. It merely requires oral,
physiological magnesium supplementation (5mg/kg). In the case of magnesium depletion,
the disorder that induces magnesium deficit is related to a dysregulation of the control
mechanisms of magnesium metabolism, either failure of the mechanisms that insure
magnesium homeostasis or intervention of endogenous or iatrogenic, perturbating factors
of the magnesium status. Magnesium depletion requires more or less specific correction of
its causal dysregulation (see the abstract on right hemisphere dominance and autism near
the end of this paper for further insight). Although acute and chronic magnesium
deficiencies are specifically reversible through oral magnesium supplementation with
physiological doses, the experimental and clinical symptoms may differ. The typical pattern
of chronic magnesium deficiency is latent, whereas overt signs are observed in acute
magnesium deficiency. The discrepancy between the patent and latent nervous forms of
magnesium deficiency suggests that in the latent form there are compensatory factors that
antagonize the nervous hyperexcitability (NHE) observed in the overt formThe main
mediated compensatory factor is taurine (TA) with the help of its peptidic congener: Lglutamyl taurine (GTA)When these direct and mediated compensatory factors are
effective, Nervous Hyperexcitability (NHE) remains latent. It is patent when compensatory
factors are insufficient.
42

A pharmacological load of Mg (10mg/kg) increases release of calcitonin and nitric oxide

(NO). In contrast, physiological Mg supplementation (5mg/kg), far from acting similarly,
reduces high levels of calcitonin (as well as of calcitonin gene-related peptide, and of
Nitric Oxide released in the case of Mg deficiency)Mg-deficient animals show an
increased susceptibility to in-vivo oxidative stress, and the tissues of these animals are
more susceptible to in-vitro peroxidation, affecting lipids particularlyMg deficiency
frequently alters protein biosynthesis and induces enzymatic hypoactivity...Protein
oxidation in Mg-deficient rat brains occurs early. A significant increase of protein
carbonyls is observed within 2 to 3 weeks on a Mg-deficient dietThese changes take
place prior to any detectable tissue damage, dysfunction, or changes in cellular
glutathione. Mg deficiency may increase formation of free radicals directly, but also
indirectly through free-radical-triggered mechanismsNHE due to Mg deficiency mainly
depends on modifications in the turnover of several neuromediators and neuromodulators.
They associate an increased turnover of the monoamines: serotonin (5HT), acetylcholine,
catecholamines (dopamine and noradrenaline, mainly), and of excitatory amino acids
(aspartic and glutamic acids, mainly) with a decreased turnover of inhibitory amino acids
(Gama-amino butyric acid [GABA] and taurine, mainly) (magnesium acts as an inhibitor of
neurotransmitter destruction-WSL)Neuromuscular hypoexcitability due to hypermagnesemia only occurs when plasma Mg is more than twice normal levelsWith all the
psychometric evaluations, and with the DSM III R interview particularly, the clinical
pattern induced through Mg deficiency was always neurotic (for example: generalized
anxiety, panic-attack disorders, and depression) but never psychotic. Neuroses are
preeminently conditioning factors for stress. Neuroses may therefore very frequently
produce secondary Mg depletion.
These brain chemicals, called neurotransmitters, generate the electrical impulses that deliver energy and
instruction through the nerves to the entire body, enabling it to maintain normal function. Deficiencies in
the primary neurotransmitters cause specific short circuits that show up in families of symptoms and
conditions. For example, serotonin deficiencies have been associated with headaches, depression,
palpitations, anxiety, hypertension, and insomnia. (GABA deficiencies are associated with racing thoughts
that keep people awake; so, if you awake in the wee hours take a GABA tablet and dont worry about not
awaking fully alert a couple of hours later.) If you are tired all day and have trouble sleeping at night, you
likely have a copper overload. Acetylcholine deficiencies relate to dry mouth, senility, and Alzheimers.
Aberrant neurotransmitter levels can be assessed in a primary-care setting with a simple brain-electricalactivity map (BEAM), a test similar to an EKG. The brains electrical activity is represented by
brainwaves, and a specific electrical measurement corresponds to each primary neurotransmitter. The
brains voltage is also a vital value measured.
Thiswholeseriesofmetabolicproblemsintheautisticchildcausesahomeostaticalterationthatproduces
biologicalstressesthatstartsfromwithinthechild.Thelevelofstresscontrolsmanyvariationsofbehavior,and
thesechildren(andtheirMoms)arestressedtothebreaking.Animalsfedhighlevelsofexcitotoxicglutamate
havelowerthyroidhormonelevelsandhighercortisonelevelsthannormal. Glutathionelevelsalsoare
reduced.Glutamateispresentlyexcessiveincannedsoupsandinrestaurantpreparedsoupsandinrestaurant
andfrozenentreesthatcantriggerarrythmias,sometimesfatalones.Aspartame(NutraSweet)hasthesame
deleteriouseffect.Additionally,stress,cadmium,andmercuryreducetheconversionofthyroidhormoneT4to
themoreactiveT3.Stressisthecauseofhyponeofagia,theaversiontotryingnewfoods.Thislimited
alimentarychoicedisappearsinanimalsgivenantistresstherapy.Teethgrinding,alsoknownasbruxism,isa
wellknown,stresssymptom.Itispresentinahighpercentageofcases,andittoorespondstoantistress
therapiessuchasrelaxationmeditationexercises,massage,andsupplementationof200400mcgofchromium
(foradults,halfthatforchildren.Chromiumreducesthestresshormone,cortisol,whichinexcess,severely
43

depressestheimmunesystemandkillsneuronsbythebillions. Corticosteroidsandendogenouscortisol
suppresscellularimmuneresponses,andthisexcesscortisoldestroysimmatureTcells.Poorimmuneresponse
issomethingfoundinallautisticchildren.
Animal experiments and human studies have demonstrated that the first phase of marginal chromium deficiency
manifests itself by slightly elevated circulating insulin levels in response to glucose loading. Largely due to an increased
hormone production, in this phase, most insulin-dependent, physiological functions tend to remain intact. The second
phase, well characterized in both animal experiments and human studies, begins to show signs of the metabolic
disorders associated with low chromium intake that includes significantly abnormal glucose fluctuations and
disturbances in lipid metabolism. The final phase of inadequate chromium intake manifests itself by a marked insulin
resistance to glucose loading, resembling a diabetes-like syndrome, which eventually leads to an exhaustion of
pancreatic insulin production and ultimately to the development of insulin-dependent diabetes.
Research has already established that insulin-dependent, diabetic children exhibit a significantly lower hair
chromium concentration compared to controls. Other studies have found that chromium absorption and
excretion in diabetics is two to four times greater than in healthy individuals. Also, subjects who died with
diabetes had significantly lower hepatic chromium concentration compared to non-diabetics.
A new study conducted by Dr. John Vincent at the University of Alabama at Tuscaloosa shows that chromium
picolinate enters the cells directly and stays therewhere it can cause problems (picolinate is an effective carrier, and
it takes too much into the cellWSL). In fact, the chromium picolinate reacts with vitamin C and other antioxidants
in the cells to produce a reduced form of chromium capable of causing mutations in DNA, the genetic material
(potentially causing cancer). Its the combination of chromium and picolinate (particularly the reduced form) that can
produce dangerous compoundsnot the chromium alone. Moreover, the picolinate eventually breaks off and has
adverse effectsUC Berkeley Wellness Letter, June 1999. Chose chromium in combination with niacin
(Chromiacintm by CountryLife is my choice). Lest you be concerned about the safety of Chromium itself, Dr. Richard
Anderson, researcher with the US Department of Agriculture, who has studied Chromium for over 20 years, states,
If I had diabetes, Id take 200 mcg at least two or three times daily. He personally takes over 200 mcg per day.
Studies in China have used 1000 mcg per day with good results in Type II diabetes. It is most effective when
combined with niacin.
With a high aluminum (Al) diet alone, Al content in the nervous system in rats showed no difference with a control
group although serum Al was high. No degenerative process was observed. However, with an insufficient intake of
Mg, the same Al load induced an increase in Al and calcium concentrations in the nervous system and
neurodegeneration with precipitation of insoluble hydroxyapatites (calcium)The pituitary gland, located at the base
of the brain, is believed to regulate the functions of all the other glands of the body. It is the gland through which
magnesium works as a prime component of pituitary secretions to regulate the functioning of the other glands. If
magnesium is not available or the pituitary is not functioning properly, the body will suffer symptoms of a magnesium
deficiency or a pituitary malfunction, depending on how you look at itFluoride bonds with magnesium in the blood
into the insoluble magnesium fluoride. This means that the magnesium cannot be assimilated by the pituitary, with the
consequent failure of the pituitary to function properly that leads to the symptoms of magnesium deficiencyIt is
necessary to highlight the curative and preventive importance of oral, physiological, maternal, Mg supplementation,
not only during pregnancy but also in the child throughout life from infancy to older age, to possibly prevent the socalled constitutional factor of neurolability, some cases of sudden infant death syndrome, infantile convulsions, or
psychiatric diseases, and even in adult cardiovascular diseases and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.Mineral
and Metal Neurotoxicology, ed. M. Yasui, M .J. Strong, K. Ota, & M. A. Verity, CRC Press, 1997.
Although chromium has received considerable media attention, scientific literature shows that magnesium has a more
important role in regulating carbohydrate metabolism. Magnesium is involved in a number of reactions required for
cells to uptake and metabolize glucose. Magnesium deficiency causes insulin resistance and elevated blood sugar
levels (Paolisso et al 1990; Nadler et al 1993; Nadler et al 1995; Lefebvre et al 1994). High blood sugar depletes
44

magnesium leading to many symptoms including irritability and chronic anger commonly seen in Diabetics www.lef.org/protocols/metabolic_health/obesity_01.htm
The lack of magnesium with high calcium and aluminum has been confirmed in the brains of Alzheimers victims and
of all other neurological diseases such as Lou Gehrigs! Aluminum not only inhibits the enzyme that produces
acetylcholine, but it prevents magnesium from entering the neuron. (Aluminum hydroxide antacids deplete calcium
and phosphorus) This produces a condition in which the brain suffers from magnesium depletion while the rest of the
body may have normal magnesium! Without magnesium, the NMDA receptor has no protection against excessive
glutamate, which leads to damage through excitotoxicity! A lack of magnesium in the brain enhances the damage of
aluminum and mercury, and is a major factor in Alzheimers. Nevertheless, glutathione, a potent antioxidant and
free radical scavenger, is said to also protect neurons by preventing the NMDA receptor response to
excess glutamate. Additionally, silymarin, curcumin, and Ginkgo biloba block glutamate receptors Dr.
Russell Blaylock, MD.
It should be noted that NMDA, the most important switch in the brain, has receptors that must be
activated for learning or memory to occur or for any message to be transmitted to the body. Glutamate is
the major activator; magnesium the major inhibitor against overactivation; because magnesium can block
the NMDA glutamate receptor. Thats its natural function, so it significantly reduces toxicity. Vitamin E
succinate is powerful at inhibiting excitotoxicity, as are all of antioxidants. A combination of B-vitamins
also block excitotoxicity.
Low energy available to the cell [hypoglycemia, poor blood supply to portions of the brain, a high metabolic rate,
strenuous exercise (especially for more than an hour), a failure of energy production by the mitochondria of the cells],
and/or low magnesium in the spinal cord and brain makes cells highly vulnerable to excitotoxic (aspartates,
glutamates, MSG, heavy metals, amphetamines) damage. Additionally, excess glutamate lowers the glucose allowed
into the brain by 35% (lead also decreases glucose uptake)! MSG triples the amount of insulin the pancreas creates,
causing rats (and humans?) to become obese. They even have a title for the race of fat rodents they create: MSGTreated Rats. Glutamate hides under many label terms such as hydrolyzed protein (soy). One must restrict the
amount of MSG, flavor enhancers, and aspartates (AspartameTM and aspartate supplements) in the diet. This toxicity
can manifest itself as anxiety or confusion, and as episodes of anger! These nutrients have been shown to be
protective against this damage (listed in probable order of importance): Vitamin B 6 and Magnesium, N-acetyl
cysteine, Manganese, Zinc, Lithium, Melatonin, the amino acids Theanine (from Green Tea), Acetyl-L-carnitine, the
antioxidants Glutathione, NADH, CoQ10, Alpha Lipoic Acid, vitamins C, E, and K, the drug Deprenyl (an MAOB inhibitor), the amino acids glycine and taurine, omega-3 oils (CLO), and kynurenic acid. A magnesium gel (Essence
of Life Brand) of condenced seawater is available from Iherb.com. This can be rubbed on the skin, preferable after a
warm bath, to quickly replenish magnesium levels and to quickly diminish many types of pain.
When the pituitary is not getting the magnesium it needs, it fails to control the adrenals that then overproduce
adrenaline (a major stress hormone). Obviously, there is a need to enhance magnesium intake, but the omega-3
fats in foods reduce the output of adrenaline and noradrenaline favorably affecting behavior and
reducing anxiety and aggression also. Long-term deficiency of Omega-3 fatty acids adversely raises
the dopamine levels in an area of the brain closely linked to addictive behavior. The fetal and infant
brain is unable to convert the alpha linolenic acid found in plants and plant oils; so, it is dependent upon the
Mother to eat enough Omega-3 oils. Omega-3 deficiencies in the Mother can lead to increases in deficiencies
in the infant with each successive birth. Studies have shown a DHA brain deficiency of about 30% in the first
child, but by the third, brain DHA levels can fall as much as 85%! Furthermore, it has been shown that DHA
levels fall between the ages of six and twelve months due to a continuing lack in the dietary (even when
breast fed). This can have a profound effect on retinal and brain development. Feeding DHA-enhanced egg
yolks increased DHA levels by 34%! Reisbick et al, at the Oregon Health Sciences University found that
rhesus monkeys fed a long-term deficient diet developed stereotyped behaviors during early life. These are
the type of repetitive behaviors seen with social deprivation and autism. Another study of fatty acids in the
45

umbiblical cords and veins of infants found that infants with neurological abnormalities at birth had
significantly lower levels of arachidonic acid and DHA as well as higher levels of transfatty acids. Tests
indicate that enriching of the diets with these fatty acids can reverse the negative effects after about six weeks
to 12 weeks!
It is known that danger, as well as the mentioned magnesium deficiency, incites the activity of the adrenal glands, but
anxiety or worry, even watching most TV shows, also incite the adrenal glands, which then pour hormones through
the body that increase heartbeat, release sugar from the liver, and contribute to a host of problems not the least of
which is hyperexcitability and an inability to cope. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study of children
diagnosed with autism, accompanied by severe tantrums, aggression, or self-injurious behavior, daily supplementation
with 1.5 g/d omega-3 fatty acids (0.84 g/d EPA, 0.7 g/d DHA) was found to reduce hyperactivity and stereotypy.
Additionally, theanine is believed to influence the production of alpha waves in the brain, for it generates a sense of
deep relaxation and mental alertness in humans (Mason 2001). It is believed to exert a positive effect on formation of
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that is an offset to the Excitotoxins mentioned above. Therefore, supplementing
the diet with theanine, magnesium, Omega-3 fatty acids (fish and CLO), and vitamin B 6 would surely prove
beneficial. Only Suntheanine by Taiyo International, Inc is recommended. DHA is a component of the vital brain
chemicals phosphatidylethanolamine (lecithin) and Phosphatidylserine, with lower levels in phosphatidylcholine
(lecithin), suggesting other supplemental sources for DHA.
Additionally, another part of the body that responds positively to L-theanine is the liver. Theanine is a powerful
antidote to the effects of alcohol and yeast toxins. If given to mice before or after they drink alcohol, it significantly
lowers blood levels of alcohol. Alcohol converts to a toxic chemical known as acetaldehyde that is more toxic than
alcohol itself. Theanine accelerates the breakdown of acetaldehyde and blocks toxic free-radicals. The Japanese study
showed that it not only blocked radicals caused by alcohol, but kept them low for five hours. This is apparently
because theanine helps counter the alcohol (acetaldehyde) induced loss of glutathione. The importance of this is in the
realization that Candida produces acetaldehyde in abundance and many of these children actually are drunk much of
the time from a high-carbohydrate diet! Yes, their pancreas makes alcohol! Is he giggly and boisterous about an hour
after eating? This calls for restoring flora balance and reducing the carbohydrate levels of the diet. Some other ways to
reduce acetaldehyde levels include flooding the system with vitamin C and B-vitamins, potassium, vitamins A and D,
and lots of water. If lacking these nutrients, try 4-ounces of water with juice of half a lemon and a drop of fennel
essential oil. Peppermint or ginger can settle an upset stomach.
Magnesium, selenium, and melatonin protect the cells from aluminum, mercury, lead, cadmium, beryllium, and nickel,
and gives significant protection against excitotoxins. Evidence is mounting that low levels of magnesium contribute to
the heavy metal deposition in the brain that precedes Parkinsons, multiple sclerosis, and Alzheimers. Lead toxicity
disrupts the blood-brain barrier allowing heavy metals and toxic substances, including MSG, glutamate, and other
excitotoxins, into the brain; however, it is vital to note that children do not really have a blood-brain barrier. It
develops slowly, coming to maturity at maturity. Thus, it is probable that low, total-body magnesium contributes to
heavy-metal toxicity in children, and is a participant in the etiology of learning disorders. As indicated above, if you
have low taurine you cant hold on to magnesium, and you need it for detoxification and protection against
excitotoxins. Taurine increases bilirubin and cholesterol excretion in bile, critical to normal gallbladder function and fat
digestion. Bile is also needed to extract the flavonoids, carotenes, and folates from vegetables! So, eat your greens
with some high-fat, salad dressing or other source of fat, needed to trigger bile release. You will get 8-13 times more
nourishment from them! Yes. Documented.
Additionally, in Parkinsons, specific damage found in Substantia Niger that is not affecting other areas, such as
high iron and zinc, low NADH (Complex I activity), evidence of free-radical damage, and significantly lower levels
of glutathione, indicate a weakness of this area to damage. Taurine is protective of these areas against damage by
excitotoxins. What comes first? It has been shown in early stages that the other values are basically normal, with
NADH being only slightly reduced, but the powerful antioxidant glutathione is drastically low! In the chain of
antioxidant activity, vitamin E is spent and then rejuvenated by vitamin C that is in turn rejuvenated by lipoic acid
46

and glutathione. Here is the limiting factor in the antioxidant chain. In autism, typically, glutathione levels are 1/3
normal! Glutathione levels are quickly depleted by oxidative stress during times of illness, infection, trauma
(physical or emotional), surgery, and ingestion of Tylenol. Glutathione is also lacking in cases of low protein
intake, diabetes, liver disease, cataract, HIV, respiration distress syndrome, cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,
and all other conditions that produce high oxidative stress.
Taking glutathione orally raises serum levels modestly, but cellular levels hardly at all unless there is adequate alpha lipoic
acid present to chemically reduce the GSH and to elevate its cellular levels. This makes a supplement of lipoic acid
imperative for it enhances glutathione production and recycles spent glutathione, CoQ10, and vitamins C and
E. R-lipoic acid, the metabolically active form, is preferred. It is doubly effective. When R-lipoic acid and acetyl-Lcarnitine were joined, they significantly improved spatial and temporal memory performance, significantly reduced the
extent of oxidized RNA, and reversed age-associated mitochondrial structural decay. (Ninety percent of oxygen
reduction occurs in the mitochondria, generating the majority of all free radicals, thus it is vital to
have adequate antioxidants in mitochondria!) R-dehydro-lipoic acid (R-DHLA), the reduced form of R-lipoic
acid, has been shown to be the only form that is effective against superoxide and peroxyl reactive oxygen species.
Additionally, only R-DHLA is capable of actually repairing oxidative damage! Lipoic acid is best taken three times a day,
not to exceed 100 mg/day, unless monitored by a doctor. Potentially, lopic acid can increase copper to toxic levels and
build excess calcium and zinc levels by reducing bile output. It is thought that larger amounts may move copper from
kidneys to other organs of the body, including the brain.
A study from the University of California at Berkley found that combining Acetyl L-carnitine (ALC) with alpha lipoic
acid not only eliminates the concerns about oxidative stress, but also magnifies ALCs anti-aging effects. Further,
combining ALC with CoQ10 boosts the power and total effectiveness of CoQ10! Apparently, a major benefit of ALC is
to trigger enzymes to perform their jobs. In its relation to CoQ10, carnitine also pumps fatty acids into the mitochondria
where CoQ10 is involved with energy production and is the major antioxidant. It increases blood and oxygen supply to
the heart, reducing angina. It appears that CoQ10, carnitine, and alpha lipoic acid should be supplemented together for
maximum results. It is preferable, however, to stimulate your body to produce more CoQ10 by increasing intake of
certain nutrients, such as the amino acid, tyrosine, and the mineral, magnesium.
It is now understood that Carnitine has two active forms, active to different purposes. ALC is especially active in
neuronal tissues, whereas, propionyl-L-carnitine is especially active in lean muscle tissue. The form of carnitine used
must correspond with the particular condition or reason for its use. Propionyl-L-carnitine is used to manage peripheral
vascular disease, atherosclerotic and diabetic angioplasties, and congestive heart failure. In combination with ALC, it is
used for symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome and age-related testosterone deficiency. It seems to lessen symptoms of
male hormone decline in older men, lessening sexual dysfunction, fatigue, and depression without the side effects of
hormonal replacement.
It is apparent that free radicals are a natural byproduct of normal metabolism, and we are lacking even the minimum
amounts to protect our cells, but trauma, wounds, infections and other serious illnesses, often treated with deadly drugs,
kick reactive oxygen species (ROS) into high gear, leading to severe depletion of antioxidants. Researchers at Vanderbilt
University Medical Center gave a seven-day course of high-dose antioxicants to acutely injured patients and compared
them with patients who received no antioxidants. The differences were astounding. Those taking antioxidants had
dramatic reductions in catheter- and surgical-site infections, abdominal complication, and pulmonary failure. They were
able to leave ICU and the hospital faster, and death rates were reduced by 28%! (Better take your own when
hospitalized!) Todays environmental stresses, pesticides, drugs, and other toxins demand that we all take significant
amounts of antioxidants, and that we increase them when illness or trauma strikes. Need I repeat that parents and
special-needs children are stressed to the breaking?
It has been known for many years that 20% to 40% of patients treated chronically with certain tranquilizers
(neuroleptics) will develop Parkinsons. One of the worst offenders is Haloperidol, frequently prescribed for autistic
children! This is a powerful inhibitor of Complex I activity, having been shown to reduce activity as much as 42%! By
47

using nutritional supplements, where indicated, to increase mitochondrial energy production, the neurons are protected
against excitotoxic injury. Both L-carnitine and acetyl-L-carnitine can by-pass the defect in Complex I that is seen in
Parkinsons and Huntingtons diseases. Riboflavin, niacinamide, thiamine, alpha lipoic acid, carnitine, ENADA
(NADH), CoQ10, and vitamin K all improve mitochondrial energy production and protect against ROS.
Additionally, researchers at the University of Oregon claim that the combination of acetyl-L-carnitine and lipoic acid has
made an incredible difference in aging rats. They were far more energetic, they learned new tasks more easily, and their
short-term memory drastically improved. A major task for Carnitine is to balance the secretions of the bodys key
hormones, adrenaline and insulin. People who take Carnitine are much more easily able to transform fats into energy, and
the level of fatty acids and triglycerides in their blood diminishes in direct proportion to the amount of Carnitine taken.
There were significant increases in HDL (Rossi 1982), there is reduced heart irregularities (Singh 9196), and improved
heart function (Davini 1992), with dramatic increase in exercise tolerance (Kobayashi 1992). Acetyl-L-carnitine
facilitates the release and synthesis of the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, and enhances the release of dopamine from
neurons while helping it to bind to dopamine receptors. A new form of acetyl-L-carnitine from Life Extension
Foundation (www.lef.org), Acetyl-L-Carnitine-Arginate, acting together with Acetyl-L-carnitine, stimulates growth of
new neurites (dendrites and axons) by an astounding 19.5%, more than three times that of acetyl-L-carnitine itself, and
the neurites were 21% longer! They have now included Propionl-L-carnitine in the formula.
Prior to L-carnitine treatment of aged rats, the levels of lipid peroxides were remarkably increased and the activities
of antioxidant enzymes significantly decreased when compared to younger controls. Administration of L-carnitine
for 21 days significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxides and improved the activities of antioxidant enzymes
such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. L-carnitine also
enhanced the action of T-cells and significantly reduced DNA damage and cell death in the lymphocytes of aged
animals.
Additionally, a Japanese study with rats drinking water enhanced by a special Wellness filter showed they lived
25% longer! Examination of controls drinking tap water revealed enlarged cellular mitochondria due to
calcificationa primary cause of ageing. The enhanced-water rats exhibited well-formed, normal mitochondria!
Adequate vitamin D3 is needed to properly utilize calcium, keeping it out of soft tissue.
Additionally, recent research has associated an excessive aluminum concentration in the brain structure, in some
people suffering from Alzheimers disease, despite this toxic element having a low permeability of the blood-brain
barrier, suggesting that some form of membrane defect may permit the excessive influx of aluminum into the brain.
It is already known that an adequate zinc supply is necessary to maintain the integrity of all biological membranes.
For example, it was found, when experimenting with rats fed with sub-optimal zinc, that aluminum concentrations
increased three-fold in the frontolateral cortex and eight-fold in the hippocampus. This aluminum is relatively
harmless unless there is mercury there also. Therefore, it has been suggested, that a reason for Alzheimers
disease could be suboptimal zinc nurture, leading to leaky blood-brain barrier and thereby to increased transfer of
aluminum and other toxins (including mercury) into the brain. Additionally, a lack of magnesium coupled with the
same aluminum intake, increased the load of aluminum in the brain and nervous system. Fluoride increases the
amounts of aluminum in the brain also. Autistic children are universally lacking in zinc and magnesium, and show
toxic levels of aluminum and mercury. Those mercury poisoned and those magnesium deficient are notoriously low
on vitamin B1 and B6. Scary.
Dr. Derek Birchall reported that in Atlantic salmon exposed to acidic water containing high levels of
aluminum, but low levels of silica, the gills of the fish were severely damaged. However, with high
amounts of silica in the water, the fish remained healthy. Rats on a low-silicon diet accumulated aluminum
in the brain. Those on a high-silicon diet did not. If you drink beer, or take many supplements (with silica
filler), you get enough silica; otherwise, you would be wise to supplement it for it has been shown to
remove aluminum from the body and brain.
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Additionally, alkaline water (including the water in cells) can hold a lot of oxygen. Acidic water (or cells) can
hold very little oxygen. So the more acidic your cells are, the less oxygenated they will be (and autistic children
are frequently lacking in oxygen to the brain, in particular). Sang Whang, in his book Reverse Aging,
points out that toxins are acidic. If the blood is already overly acidic, toxins will not be released into the blood,
which must happen in order to detoxify your cells. This buildup of toxins causes acidic, poorly oxygenated
cells. An increasingly popular way to oxygenate these children is to use a long, expensive series of oxygenchamber treatments. One might want to look at less expensive methods first. Exercise With Oxygen Therapy
(EWOT) involves 15 minutes on a treadmill while breathing oxygen. The exercise increases the osmotic
pressure and dissolves more oxygen into the intercellular water and into the cells. Oxygen saturation is
restored to optimum levels, even in the very old. Nevertheless, to facilitate best results, work to restore normal
pH of the saliva and urine.
Research shows that a magnesium deficiency, such as in Diabetes, can produce pain that is only relieved
by replenishing magnesium. Restoring magnesium levels can be difficult when taurine is deficient or when the
oral magnesium overstimulates the bowel. I have found a remarkable solution to that problem of oral
magnesium, a magnesium-glycerol oil used transdermally. Order Essence of Life Magnesium Oil (or gel) from
the Internet. Eight-ounce bottles sell for $22.00. This is magnesium chloride from concentrated seawater. It can
be rubbed on several times a day (after a warm bath is most effective), or used in bath water. I have seen it
quickly relieve pain in a diabetic. Many others, not diabetic, testify to this experience.
These above-enumerated, medical facts show that every symptom of these dear children is treatable! These
kids are sick. They are not usually brain damaged. What seems to be occurring is an immune-mediated,
abnormal shut down of blood flow in the temporal lobe area of the brain, and therefore an interference with
central nervous system function. Total brain perfusion is significantly decreased in autism subjects (range, 58% to
72% of controls). In addition to the globally decreased perfusion, the autism group also had regionally decreased
flow in the right lateral temporal and right, left, and midfrontal lobes compared with controls. Additionally, there are
many critical deficiencies such as vitamins B1, B6, zinc, and magnesium, and heavy metals are blocking many
enzymatic functions. Removing heavy metals and restoring blood flow should be a priority.
This paper is not meant as a medical prescription, nor do all the conditions and suggested
interventions apply to every child. You must study this paper until you see your childs face in it, and
then use the parts that are applicable to him. In all instances, it is good to consult with your
nutritionally-oriented professional when making any major nutritional changes.

Immune 101
There are three major classes of Immune Cell types: granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes.
Lymphocytes are divided into three subgroups: B-Cells, T-cells, and Natural Killer Cells. T-cells are divided
into CD4, helper cells, CD8, suppressor cells, and cytotoxic, CD8, Killer T-cells. That is, they show the
Cluster Determinant (CD) glycoproteins on their surface. During the first two years of life, a delicate one-toone ratio between CD4 (helper) and CD8 (suppressor) cells forms. CD4/CD8 ratios that do not equal 1:1 are
indicative of abnormal immune systems. All these produce cytokines, chemical messengers that tell the other
cells what to do. Cytokines, also called growth factors, are the common language of the immune, hormonal,
and nervous systems regulating the growth and development of cells and tissues. Scientists state that:
Stimulation of the developing immune system (by early childhood diseasesWSL) can prevent autoimmunity with clinical evidence proving that immune stimulation prevents auto-immune disease by upregulating growth factors that bring the body back into balance with normal cell-to-cell communication.
Growth factors are biologically active, biochemically well-characterized, small proteins (cytokines) that
regulate cell growth, repair, renewal, and cell death throughout the body, including the developing nervous
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and immune systems. Growth factors need not enter cells to exert their effects upon DNA and cellular
activities because they use specific cell receptors that carry their signals into the genes. Specific growth
factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and
transforming growth factor-beta (TGFB) play critical roles early in the four-stage, cell cycle during what is
called G1 phase. These growth factors determine the cells fate by regulating what genes are turned on or off.
If a gene is turned on, it will be read and its message translated into protein. If a gene is turned off, its
message will remain dormant. Many viruses compete for the same DNA gene regulatory (transcription) sites
as growth factors do since viruses need to overcome the growth factors control of the cells fate so that the
virus can multiply and infect more cells. Growth factors contribute to healthy communication between the
protective systems in the body, such as the nervous, immune, and hormonal systems. If growth factors do not
work appropriately, there is aberrant cell-to-cell communication throughout the body, and a type of chaos
ensuesDr. Barbara Brewitt, Chief Science Officer, Biomed Comm, Inc.
DHA binds to a vitamin A receptor along with vitamin D and goes into the nucleus of cells, where it decides
which genes in the brain to turn on and which ones to turn off. Protein from lean meat (especially fresh, wildcaught fish high in omega-3s) and minerals from vegetables and fruits are even more critical for a developing
brain than for an adult brain because children are building new structures and shaping relationships among
parts of the brain. So it's key to feed children premium fuel every day. - James Dowd and Diane Stafford, The
vitamin D Cure. Vitamin D, which forms when your skin is exposed to sunlight, regulates the expression of
more than 2,000 genes throughout your body, including ones that influence your immune system to attack
and destroy bacteria and viruses. Get the kids, and yourself, into the summer sun, without sunscreen, and
take a vitamin D supplement in the winter, or if otherwise not taking the sun.
The CD4+, lymphocyte helper-cell activities are divided into Th1 (Cell-mediated immunity), and Th2 (humoral
immunity). Th1 is the first-line of defense primarily against viral, fungi, and protozoa, while Th2 helps the B-cells to
produce antibodies. The T-cells are separated into these two classes depending upon the specific cytokines the cells
secrete in response to antigenic stimulation. Th1 cells primarily produce interferon (IFN) and interleukin-2 (IL-2),
whereas Th2 cells produce IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13. These two helper T-cell classes also differ by the
type of immune response they produce. While Th1 cells tend to generate responses against intracellular parasites
such as bacteria and viruses, Th2 cells produce immune responses against helminths and other extracellular
parasites. Interestingly, the cytokines produced by each Th subset tends to both stimulate production of that subset,
and inhibit development of the other subset. Th1 and Th2 represent two, separate, counterbalancing functions of
the immune system, and problems occur when they are out of balance.
In a study published in the January issue of The Journal of Clinical Investigation, Marc E. Rothenberg, M.D.,
Ph.D., has established a link between reflux and allergy - not only food allergies but also environmental allergens
such as pollens and molds. Dr. Rothenberg, the studys senior author, and his colleague Anil Mishra, Ph.D., have
developed the first experimental system, a mouse model, for eosinophilic esophagitis - a disease whose numbers
have exploded in recent years.
Were saying that what a person breathes in can actually affect the gastrointestinal system, says Dr. Rothenberg,
who directs the section of allergy and clinical immunology in Cincinnati Childrens division of Pulmonary Medicine,
Allergy and Clinical Immunology. There is a direct link between exposure to allergens that go to the lungs and
development of esophageal inflammation.
Moreover, Dr. Rothenberg has discovered that a molecule called interleukin-5 mediates this pathway. When Dr.
Rothenbergs research group gave mice an allergen that induced asthma, all the mice developed esophagitis. But
none of the mice deficient in who were given the allergen developed esophagitis. They were completely
protected, says Dr. Mishra, Ph.D., the studys lead author.
After a strong Th1 response to infection gets on top of the search-out-and-kill activity, Interleukin 4 and 10
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promotes a change of a class of antibody (IgG1) produced by memory cells and suppresses the activity of the
killer cells and starts to shut down the Th1 immune response. The production of memory cells is dependent on
this strong Th1 immune response. For example: the immunological action taken against a primary attack of
measles is primarily Th1, with a later back-up by a Th2 antibody that is dependent on the initial Th1 response,
and then a dampening down of the Th1 system by the Th2 antibody. However, These alterations support the
hypothesis that the immunologic alterations induced by immunization do activate type-2 cell responses leading to
improved antibody production, while suppressing type-1, T-cell responses leading to reduced
lymphoproliferation. (JID 1996, Vol 173, pg 1324-1325) Do you understand the implications of this? There are
plenty of antibodies at the expense of the ability to search-and-destroyto fight other infections. This is the
keythe difference between natural Th1, and vaccine induced Th2 immunityand yet, some fail to show
antibodies even when vaccinated and boosted and revaccinated! Could that be because they had no sufficient
Th1 response? Possibly, but magnesium deficiency has been shown to decrease antibody production and
lymphocytes, the bodys defense against invaders, are inhibited by magnesium deficiency, and most of these
children are deficient in magnesium.
To avoid rejection of the fetus, a Mothers immune system shifts quickly to Th2, and the baby is born with
this skew to Th2. After the baby is born, the healthy mothers immune system changes back to normal Th1
dominance very quickly, and breast milk quickly starts the process of changing the babys balance towards
Th1 dominance. The vaccinated Mothers immune function is likely to stay Th2 predominant, robbing her of
her natural immunity to infections and allergies, and she passes this skewed system to her baby! The poor,
bottle-fed child gets no help at all to restore Th1.
Its most revealing to learn that the same insult given to those of different genetic makeup will cause some to
have a Th1 response, whereas others will have a Th2 response! The balance of adrenal steroids, notably
cortisol and DHEA, determines the ratio of these two. Since cortisol is an antagonist of DHEA (and vice
versa), stress-induced cortisol production shifts the number of CD4+ lymphocytes to predominantly Th2
expression. Excess cortisol also impairs liver detoxification, allowing buildup of environmental and
physiological toxins. Thus, even a potentially Th1-inducing virus may fail to induce Th1 during a time of
stressLancet, 1997, Volume 349, pg 1832.
When Th1 is diminished, Th2 predominates leading to a host of chronic diseases. Conditions are pro viral, pro
Candida. As long as this bias exists, the chronic viral infection, whether measles or other, cannot be cleared.
Additionally, and somewhat frightening are the studies that show when the Th1 is suppressed, viral infections can
mutate (especially if selenium deficient) and a relatively harmless virus will become virulent enough to overcome
the ineffective Th2 system and cause serious illness or death! Furthermore, Candida can enhance Th2. This
increases IgE, causing Candida to really flourish. An IgE reaction can cause an immediate reaction, hives, itching,
or throat constriction, that can be life threatening; so, keep a box of Alka-Seltzer Gold on hand for it will often
stop a reaction (1 tablet age 6-12, two tablets 12 and up). The Th1 (cellular) response is the most important in
controlling Candida. Studies show an increase in Th1 cells and activity is associated with enhanced yeast clearance.
When a healthy individual develops a compromised cellular immune response, there is a strong likelihood of
developing a yeast infection that will be resistant to antifungal therapy. One will likely also begin to react to mold.
When the cellular immune function is repaired, Candida overgrowth tends to disappear. Removal of mercury is one
example of this. Modulating the immune function with Ambrotose AO and PhytAloe from Mannatech,
Inc., the use of a thymus glandular and a good multivitamin/mineral supplement to support the thymus,
supplemental vitamin E and fish oil, and the use of Transfer Factor all support the return to Th1
dominance and control of Candida and viruses. Direct action against Candida, viruses, and bacteria to reduce
their load is also highly desirable. People in Asia have been treating Candida using just one teaspoon of sea salt to
1/2 glass of water plus some citric acid and/or vitamin C. It reverses Candida in many cases. Taking pure lemon
juice without sugar is also alkalizing and will not make Candida worse. Please, make every effort to balance and
support the immune system as outlined herein!
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One of the things primarily responsible for maintaining the balance between Th1 and Th2 is a healthy
balance of gut microflora. When beneficial microflora are depleted or destroyed youre going to become
more Th2 dominant, and have more tendencies towards allergies, and asthma. A strong presence of IgE in
the blood is evidence of prominent Th2 activity and of a deficiency of vitamins B 6 and E. Elevated IgE is
associated with a history of numerous allergies. Often, the detrimental effects of Candida are from an
allergic reaction to the yeast as well as from a reaction to its toxins. Additionally, Yeast also produces
serotonin and may interfere with normal neuroregulation (excess serotonin). - Candida albicans As a
Producer of Serotonin. Sokoloff, etal., Growth, 1967;31,297-300. Antifungals alone may not overcome
the problem until Candida extract is administered. Allergies are indicative of an overactive (reactive)
immune system. So, if you have high IgE, suspect that Candida and stress are at work, and supplement
zinc, vitamin B-complex, and vitamin E. IgE mediated allergies have disappeared with removal of
mercury. The authors concluded that thymus extract was useful in modulating IgE dysregulation in
atopic children (Cavagni 89). Other studies have shown a general improvement in the overall condition
of atopic children receiving thymus extracts (Kouttab 89, Kaliuzhnaia 90). The addition of calcium and
vitamins A and D and K2 are indicated where there is asthma and allergies. These three vitamins work
together also to prevent tooth decay, and to heal existing caries!
Stress is a major factor in the Th2 skew, and is considered a major cause of depression. Any type of stress
raises a hormone called cortisol and a secondary hormone called epinephrine (adrenaline), your stress
hormones, and this will make you more Th2 dominant and more prone to allergic type situations. Cortisol
will put a tire of fat on the belly and hips, and, in excess, it damages and kills neurons by the billions. It also
decreases levels of growth factors needed for brain cells to thrive, and it reduces levels of serotonin needed
to promote neurogenesis (growth of new neurons). A diet high in refined carbohydrates is going to alter the
slow hormonal collective that includes cortisol, epinephrine, and insulin and create Th2 dominance. Adrenal
exhaustion will promote a cytokine shift from Th1 to Th2. Additionally, there are chemicals and heavy
metals, such as mercury, that will make you more Th2 dominant. To reduce stress-produced cortisol by
47%, give the child 100-200 mcg of chromium each day (200-400 mcg for adults). A 45-minute massage
(back rub?) will give a like reduction. Chromium alone may not be effective without adequate niacin being
present, so supplement niacin also. Solaray, Inc. makes Chromiacin that also eliminates the infamous niacin
flush. Magnesium, vitamins B6 and C, and pantothenic acid also reduce cortisol and should be supplemented.
In case you missed it, this is saying reduce stress, or how you relate to it, take 200 mcg of chromium with
niacin, with magnesium, pantothenic acid, and vitamins A, B6, and C, and support the adrenals.
One study shows that glutathione levels in antigen-presenting cells determine whether Th1 or Th2 response
patterns predominate. Raising glutathione levels has been shown to alter the cytokine balance in favor of a Th1
immune responseThe immune system, Peterson, JD, et al., 1998. A new way to increase glutathione
quickly is with a transdermal lotion from Kirkman. Another interesting way has been developed to aid those with
respiratory problems. Doctors at the Tahoma Clinic have observed remarkable improvements in many with
chronic bronchitis or with emphysema who used 60 mg of nebulized, inhaled glutathione two times daily. If you
have a problem metabolizing sulfur, supplementing glutathione may cause your body to accumulate too much
sulfite, creating a wheezing symptom, among others (a supplement of vitamin B 6 and molybdenum should
alleviate that). It can also overload one with cysteine, and that is very toxic. For an appointment with a physician
at Tahoma Clinic, call (253) 854-4900. For a doctor in your area, inquire at (800) 532-3688. Furthermore, to
reverse emphysema and bronchitis supplement Retinoic acid (vitamin A).
Additionally, when patulin, a sulfhydryl-binding chemical that conjugates glutathione rendering it unavailable for
monochlorobimane (mBCl) interaction, was applied to cells that were treated with the glyconutrient Ambrotose
AO by Mannatech, the glyconutrients protected the cells from glutathione depletion. This shows the potential
of glyconutrients to not only increase glutathione production as reported elsewhere, but to protect it from loss
leaving twice as much glutathione availableProceedings of the Fisher Institute for Medical Research, November
1997, Page 14. Do you recognize the significance of this? Mercury, cadmium, lead, and arsenic are sulfhydryl52

binding agents that destroy glutathione! Ambrotose AO by Mannatech protects against the loss of
glutathione by as much as 50%! Additionally, glyconutrients boost the workings of the immune system,
including increasing the production of the enzyme glutathione synthetase in cells, which, in turn, produces the
powerful antioxidant, glutathione. adding glyconutrients can protect kidneys from the damage that
antibiotics sometimes cause, particularly in immune-compromised or older adults.Sugars that Heal by Dr.
Emil I. Mondoa, MD.
The sulfhydryl-reactive metals (mercury, cadmium, lead, arsenic) are particularly insidious, and they can
affect a vast array of biochemical and nutritional processes. Metals not only have strong pro-oxidative
effects but they inhibit antioxidative enzymes and deplete intracellular glutathione. They also have the
potential to disrupt the metabolism and biological activities of many proteins due to their high affinity for
free sulfhydryl groupsCysteine Metabolism and Metal Toxicity by David Quig Ph.D. Despite
considerable overlap in symptoms associated with accumulation of these metals in the body, it is clear that
the metals do vary somewhat with respect to primary sites of deposition. For example, Hg and Cd are
deposited heavily in the kidneys; however, unlike Hg, Cd does not readily cross the blood brain barrier in
adults and, in contrast to Hg, Cd is associated more with peripheral neuropathy than disorders of the
central nervous system. Lead is deposited primarily in bone, and disrupts erythropoiesis (formation of red
blood cells). Methyl mercury has a high affinity for sulfhydryl groups, which contributes to its effect on
enzyme dysfunction.
Cadmium (major source is white flour products and cigarette smoke) targets the kidneys causing, among other
things, generalized wasting of amino acids and deficient metabolism of vitamin D leading to rickets and
osteomalacia. Vitamin D is a fat-soluble substance, so, if there is very little fats and oils in the diet, the absorption
of this vitamin will be very poor. When fat absorption is poor, the amount of vitamin D absorbed will also be
poor. Vitamin D is absorbed only in the presence of bile, and absorption occurs in the duodenum, so if the stool
is light in color, vitamin D will not be absorbed well. Additionally, studies show that increasing vitamin A intake
interferes with the bodys absorption of vitamin D; so, one must ensure adequate intake of vitamin D in all these
circumstances. Adults, especially those living North of the 33rd parallel, must take 2000 to 4000 IU vitamin D
daily. The higher figure is for those over age 40. Children receiving 2000 IU of vitamin D supplementation from
age one had an 80% decreased risk of developing type-1 diabetes. Getting your vitamin A and D from cod-liver
oil solves the problem. Nevertheless, recent research shows that the active form of the vitamin D hormone (1,25
D) is present in excessive levels relative to the inactive 25 D form in patients diagnosed with a number of
inflammatory illnesses, such as certain autoimmune illnesses, sarcoidosis, chronic fatigue syndrome,
fibromyalgia, Crohns, ulcerative colitis, and Lyme disease. Evidence suggests that this is due to unregulated
production of 1,25 vitamin D by macrophages in the course of an excessive Th1 immune response. Research
indicates that this occurs in response to cell-wall deficient forms of bacteria parasitizing immune cells and other
tissue. It may be wise to test both forms of vitamin D and calculate the D ratio (1,25 D:25 D) if any
inflammatory autoimmune condition exists. Additionally, women who took a lot of vitamin D, but had a low
intake of vitamin K, doubled their risk of hip fracture!
Hypervitaminosis D symptoms include: fatigue, weakness, mood changes, insomnia, inability to
concentrate, sleepiness, irritability, feeling of intoxication, metallic taste, difficulty swallowing, muscle and
joint pains, and a number of other symptoms.
One enzyme that is inhibited by heavy metals is choline acetyl transferase that is involved in the final step of
acetylcholine production. There has been observed a marked decrease in acetylcholine often reaching less than one
fifth of normal concentration contributing to the signs and symptoms of motor dysfunction. This probably accounts
for the report that 70% of autistic children show high choline. Cadmium also appears to inhibit sulfhydrylcontaining enzymes so that relatively low doses depress levels of norepinephrine, serotonin, and acetylcholine. The
major consequence of reduction of acetylcholine in the hippocampus area is a short-term memory disturbance. This
can become a major source of incomplete understanding of communication with other people, which may
53

contribute to illogical, antisocial, and irritable behavior. The main cause of the reduction of acetylcholine is a result
of the abnormally accumulated, excessive deposits of metal such as Al, Pb, and Hg. When these metals were
removed, acetylcholine suddenly increased towards a normal level, and often increased to more than two or three
times the pre-treatment concentrationAbnormal Deposits of Al, Pb, iron, and Hg in the Brain, particularly in the
Hippocampus, as One of the Main Causes of Decreased Cerebral Acetylcholine, Electromagnetic Field
Hypersensitivity, Pre-Alzheimers Disease, and Autism in Children...Source: Acupuncture & ElectroTherapeutics Research, 2000, Vol. 25 Issue 3/4, p230, 3p. Author: Omura, Yoshiaki AN: 5974837 ISSN: 03601293. Supplementing choline to enhance acetylcholine (using lecithin) may be contraindicated in seizure prone
children.
EMF exposure from electrical power lines, telephone relay stations, cell phones, air travel, fluorescent lights,
computer terminals, and household appliances have been found to cause high levels of stress. According to Dr. Hans
Selye, eighty percent of illness in high-tech societies is stress related accounting for up to 90% of doctor visits and
50% of absenteeism from work. Parents of special needs children are stressed to breaking, as are the children
themselves. During stress reactions the gut is passively permeable for many substances that are normally rejected. For
example, oral adrenalin and histamine are toxic to an animal under stress, but are not normally toxic. Horse serum,
given by mouth, is sensitizing when an animal has first been stressed, but normally it is not. Endogenous metabolites
that do not normally produce immune reactions will do so under stress (Selye, 1950). A new study shows that 60hertz signals from these common household appliances damage DNA of the brain, even breaking both strands!
Glutathione levels are reduced by EMF, and the heart rate is also affected adversely. EMF-microwave stressors
weaken the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Tests were also made on cell phones. Researchers were surprised to
see that the EEG of teens was affected adversely for eight hours after only a few minutes conversation using the
phone. Tests show that using the phone in the evenings will disrupt normal sleep patterns! ONLY a microwave gives a
stronger milligauss output, and we foolishly hold that tiny destructor to our ears for hours! Thus, EMF stress causes
fatigue, sleep problems, and even coagulation of the blood cells (easily seen in live-cell photography) reducing
circulation. Even the activity of white cells is affected adversely. Hand-held computer games produce frontal lobe
abnormalities, while media and video games affects behavior, violence, and suicide. Researchers gave some rats
drugs that either neutralize free radicals or decrease free iron before exposing the animals to the
electromagnetic field. Both treatments effectively blocked the effects of the fields and protected the rats
brain-cell DNA from damage! It seems that one should enhance glutathione production and continuously detoxify
heavy metals with cilantro, cellulase, garlic, melatonin, zinc, glutathione, and selenium, and supply a significant
antioxidant supplement like Ambrotose AOR and PhytAloe (that also enhance GSH and cleanses). To enable taking
of garlic, mince a clove or two and mix it into a small glass of orange juice. This avoids breath odor that occurs when
chewed, and covers the taste as well.
The result of the above mentioned loss of acetylcholine is to create a relative excess of dopamine. Cigarette smoke
(including secondhand smoke) reduces MAO (B), an enzyme that breaks down dopamine and other chemicals,
compromising the ability to deactivate potentially harmful substances. Additionally, zinc and magnesium deficiencies can
lead to a significant elevation in brain catecholamines. (Studies in animals have shown that a magnesium deficiency
causes a depletion of brain dopamine without affecting brain serotonin and norepinephrine.) Anything that enhances
insulin production (high carbohydrate/sugar intake) induces the release of dopamine and NE from the
hypothalamus. Additionally, when we eat a lot of sugar, the body transfers the amino acid tryptophan from
the blood stream into the central nervous system where it is converted into serotonin. Continued high, daily
use of sugar (including fruit juices) can result in a chronic state of serotonin and dopamine excess resulting in
irritability. The result may be an out-of-control, panic-stricken child suffering Environmental (Exposure) Anxiety. This
behavior is often dramatically controlled by to mg Risperdal, continued use of which may damage the liver. Its
better to build acetylcholine, though this may be difficult in view of cadmium suppressing the needed enzyme. DMAE
may be the most effective choice of supplements. Dopaminergic dysfunction may also be the primary biological of
ADHD. Iron serves as a coenzyme in the synthesis of dopamine, so iron deficiency may be partly related to symptoms in
patients with ADHD and autism. Iron deficiency may have more pronounced central nervous system (CNS) effects
because iron in the CNS is bound to ferritin, which decreases with iron deficiency anemia that is common in autism,
54

being related to hypothyroidism. Additionally, copper enzymes form vital neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and
norepinephrine. The brain, other than the cerebellum and hypothalamus, has these transmitters decreased 30% to 60% in
various sectors by a copper deficiency [Feller 1983]. Elsewhere, in this paper, I have indicated how to increase
acetylcholine production. So, why not supplement totally safe vitamin B6, magnesium, and zinc, with iron and copper (if
needed), and other nutrients instead of using liver-toxic Risperdal? An interesting observation: the blink rate varies
with the amount of dopamine; less dopamine means fewer blinks! The average number of blinks is 15-30 per minute.
Do the test when not focused on anything. Supplement tyrosine and vitamin B6 with less than 20 blinks.
Another protective factor is mentioned in this excerpt: We injected rats intramuscularly with lead acetate (10
mg/kg body weight) daily for 7 days, which significantly abolished heme synthesis as evidenced by decreased
blood hemoglobin, liver delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase, erythrocytic delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase,
and hepatic iron content. These effects were accompanied with marked elevation of hepatic lipid peroxidation and
decreased enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase,
and catalase, as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants such as total sulfhydryl groups and glutathione. Furthermore,
lead treatment (injections) caused hepatic deficiency in copper and zinc accompanied by a significant elevation of
lead concentration in both plasma and liver. Daily pretreatment with melatonin (30 mg/kg body weight - these
amounts should be used only under medical supervision) intragastrically (orally) prevented the suppressive effects
of lead on heme-synthesizing enzymes and iron deficiency. In addition, preadministration of melatonin reduced the
inhibitory effect of lead on both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. This was accompanied by marked
normalization of lipid peroxidation and modulation of copper and zinc levels in liverJ Biochem Mol Toxicol
2000;14(1):57-62 Prophylactic effect of melatonin on lead-induced inhibition of heme biosynthesis and
deterioration of antioxidant systems in male rats. El-Missiry MA. Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science,
Mansoura University, Egypt. Elsewhere, in this paper, the protective effect of melatonin in mercury poisoning is
mentioned. Zinc in adequate quantities keeps lead from being absorbed, and melatonin aids in zinc absorption
and normalizes zinc levels..
Melatonin metabolizes hydrogen peroxide radicals by stimulating the production of glutathione peroxidase and
glutathione reductase. It is known that melatonin binds mercury and inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha, thus
enhancing production of vital sulfates. It enhances growth hormones, reduces blood pressure, and decreases
cortisol levels. Another abstract with no title credits says in part: Recent data indicate that melatonin inhibits brain
glutamate receptors and nitric oxide production thus suggesting that it may exert a neuroprotective and antiexcitotoxic effect. Melatonin given in the drinking water has increased life-span in various experimental animals by
about 20%. It also helps control the onset of puberty during adolescence. This can be most helpful in these troubled
children.
Stressed-out Mothers, please take serious note: all women, in particular those who had shown individual, low
night-levels of melatonin in their saliva, had a very remarkable improvement of latent and unsuspected conditions of
low thyroid function (hypothyroidism). In fact, a significant increase of the active thyroid hormone triiodothyronin
(T3) was observed in all women independent of their night levels of melatonin, and to a minor extent independent
of its precursor thyroxin (T4). The effect of melatonin does not depend on pituitary TSH (thyrotropin stimulating
hormone), but on the direct effect of melatonin on the thyroid gland (conversion of T4 into T3, the active
hormone). In the course of six months, evening administration of three mg melatonin produced a clear-cut
decrement in blood of the pituitary leutinizing hormone (LH) (which increases progressively in the course of
aging). This was most noticeable in the younger women (43 to 49 years of age). Therefore, the recovery of
pituitary function to a more juvenile pattern of regulation is more pronounced and rapid in younger women. This
equaled an arrest and even a reversal of brain aging and restoration of reproductive functions in the women taking
evening melatonin. Previous studies with laboratory animals had shown that evening administration of melatonin in
senescent animals, as well as transplantation of a young pineal into old animals, produces a true reversal of sexual
decay. Finally, 96% of women who had taken melatonin, declared a total disappearance of morning depression,
which is typical in perimenopausal and menopausal women. The earier the introduction of this protocol, the more
effective it is.
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Our findings have been elaborated and have recently been published. Nocturnal melatonin alone can deeply
modify the hormonal and psychosomatic conditions in the perimenopausal years, which can extend from 40 to 60
years of age. Here we only mention what is published in an official scientific journal, to inform all women about it in
order to alleviate the countless problems they face daily in family and society. Menopause is simply the end of the
hormonal fertility program of women, but this program is perfectly amenable to modification. It is not true that
the ovaries are depleted! They simply atrophy according to their genetic program. But the expression of that
program is purely hormonal, and we can restore the juvenile hormonal control of the ovaries. Certainly the
juvenility and health of women are linked to the maintenance of a juvenile hormonal status, which can be supported
with nocturnal melatonin administration. In perimenopausal women, melatonin, in the most striking fashion,
reconstitutes the juvenile hormonal conditions and produces a rapid regression of all the neurovegetative and
psychic alterations of menopause, in particular the states of nervousness, anxiety, and depression. In addition, we
can now address the issue of an impressive combination of melatonin with zinc. Zinc is a basic mineral in the body
and essential for the function of over 200 enzymes that are fundamental for the respiration of all cells in the body.
The combination of melatonin and zinc dramatically accelerates the effects of melatonin and boosts a depressed
immunity. This is all documented. The answer to our queries is clear, simple, and strictly scientific. Nocturnal
administration of melatonin can resynchronize the entire hormonal system and, by protecting the pineal from aging,
can maintain the juvenility of the pineal and its capacity to synthesize other very remarkable molecules. This is all
published in excellent scientific journals. Nothing I have stated is casual or extemporized! - Dr. Walter Pierpaoli,
MD.
A recent study showed that NO autistic patient had a normal melatonin (MLT) circadian rhythm! Moreover, autistic
children showed significantly lower mean concentrations of MLT, mainly during the dark phase of the day, with
respect to the values observed in the controls (causing sleep problems for sure). CONCLUSION: The results of this
preliminary study suggest the existence of a pineal endocrine hypofunction in autistic childrenNeuro Endocrinol
Lett. 2000;21(1):31-34. Methinks every child and his Mom should take 1-3 mg melatonin whether he has a sleep
problem or not!
While on the subject of melatonin, this abstract is so vital that I quote it in its entirety:
Neuropsychopharmacology (2007) 32, 284288. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1301093; published online 10 May 2006
Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain and Increased Visceral Adiposity is Blocked by Melatonin Replacement Therapy in Rats
Murray A Raskind1,2, Brianna L Burke2, Norman J Crites2, Andre M Tapp1,2 and Dennis D Rasmussen1,2
1VAPuget Sound Health Care System, Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
Correspondence: Dr DD Rasmussen, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, 116MIRECC, 1660 S Columbian Way,
Seattle, WA98108, USA, Tel: +1 206 277 3370; Fax: +1 206 768 5456; E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract
The atypical antipsychotic drug olanzapine (Zyprexatm) increases body weight and visceral adiposity in
schizophrenia. In rats, aging-associated increased body weight and visceral adiposity are reversed by
administration of the pineal hormone, melatonin. We asked if melatonin similarly would reverse olanzapineinduced increased weight and visceral adiposity in rats. Four groups (n=11/group) of female rats (240250 g) were
treated for 8 weeks with olanzapine, melatonin, olanzapine+melatonin, or vehicle alone in drinking water. Body
weight and food and water consumption were determined weekly, locomotor activity at weeks 3 and 6, and
nocturnal plasma melatonin concentration at week 7. At week 8, the rats were killed and visceral (perirenal,
retroperitoneal, omental, and mesenteric) fat pads dissected and weighed. Olanzapine treatment reduced nocturnal
plasma melatonin by 55% (p<0.001), which was restored to control levels by olanzapine+melatonin. Body weight
increased 18% in rats treated with olanzapine alone, but only 10% with olanzapine+melatonin, 5% with melatonin
alone, and 7% with vehicle control. Body weight and visceral fat pad weight increases in rats treated with
56

olanzapine alone were greater than in each of the other three groups (all p<0.01), which were not significantly
different. These results suggest that olanzapine-induced increases in body weight and visceral adiposity may be at
least in part secondary to olanzapine-induced reduction of plasma melatonin levels, and that melatonin may be
useful for the management of olanzapine- (and other psycotic drug) induced weight gain in humans. End of
Abstract.
Additionally, a recent study conducted by researchers from the University of Minnesota (Dr. Shalamar Sibley)
found that overweight people have better success in losing weight when their vitamin D levels are in high-normal
range. Vitamin D, in conjunction with calcium and sunlight, helps to properly assimilate food and regulate
normal blood sugar levels. When there is a lack of calcium, oftentimes due to a vitamin D deficiency, the body
increases production of synthase, a fatty-acid enzyme that coverts calories into fat. Calcium deficiency can cause
synthase production to increase by up to 500 percent, explaining the correlation between low levels of vitamin D
and obesity. When combined with a reduced-calorie diet, it appears that supplementation with vitamin D helps to
promote increased weight loss among those whose levels are low to begin with. For each nanogram per
milliliter increase in vitamin D precursor in the blood, it was observed that an extra half-pound loss in weight
was achieved while on the diet plan.
Metals like mercury have a toxic effect on the heme biosynthetic pathway also. This pathway can be examined and
its disruptions interpreted to indicate toxin exposures. Regulatory heme is increased by vitamin A, melatonin,
and zinc. It is decreased by exposure to gasoline, benzene, mercury, lead, arsenic, and cadmium. Heme is
synthesized primarily in the liver, the red blood cells, and blood-forming cells in the bone marrow. A necessary
facilitator of Cytochrome p450 (Phase I) liver detoxification enzymes, heme is made deficient by heavy metal
poisoning which lowers p450 levels and decreases ability at the cellular level to clear chemicals and drugs,
especially those concentrated in the liver and kidneys.
Reduced heme likewise affects other metabolic pathways in the body through depleted p450. Those who
suffer from various types of Environmental Illness and Multiple Chemical Sensitivities will exhibit symptoms
of porphyrin excess and reduced p450 activity. Those struggling with mercury poisoning, in particular, will
be similarly affected. Persons with a metallothionein disorder are especially sensitive to toxic metals, and
overmethylation is associated with severe chemical sensitivities. Effective treatment requires a three-part
approach: (1) avoidance of additional exposures, (2) biochemical treatment to hasten the exit of the toxic
substance from the body, and (3) correction of underlying chemical imbalances to minimize future
vulnerability to the toxic materialDr. Wm. Walsh.
Some of the vitamin and mineral cofactors required for cytochrome P-450 mediated reactions include riboflavin,
niacin, magnesium, iron, and a number of trace minerals. One Mom reports that the almost day-to-day fluctuation
between good and bad days (depending on the severity of his dark circles) was from apparent chemical sensitivity.
I gave him 1,500 to 2,000 mg. of niacinamide divided into several doses during the day. It has been a godsend.
We have gone three straight weeks without any fluctuation, no dark circles, and more importantly, none of the
off and spacey behavior that were his biggest problem. This may not require that much, so start smaller and
increase until desired results are received. Niacinamide was the treatment of choice for Pyrroluria before Dr.
Pfeiffer showed the need for vitamin B6 and zinc. Reduced antioxidant defense may characterize a group of
individuals who are demonstrably more sensitive to the effects of a range of toxic chemical exposures, and may
shed light on increasing rates of related learning and behavioral disorders. A small, follow-up group of children have
benefited markedly when their impaired antioxidant defense was restored. Niacinamide is used to demethylate
the overmethylated.
Acemannan (Manapol), and reishi mushrooms among others, have been shown to increase the enzyme
glutathione synthetase, which in turn produces the powerful antioxidant glutathione (providing the substrates
glycine, glutamine, and cysteine are availableWSL). Acemannan (from aloe) improved food digestion and
absorption and enhanced good bacterial flora in the digestive tract by reducing yeast and pH levelsSugars
57

That Heal, Dr. Emil I. Mondoa, MD. This aloe extract (that is found in Ambrotose and Ambrotose AO by
Mannatech) also significantly inhibits superoxide anion formation. This is one type of free radical that can have
dangerous effects on the fragile DNA in our cellsKim, HS et al. In Vitro Chemo-protective Effects of Plant
Polysaccharides, Carcinogenesis, Aug 1999, 20:8, 1637-40.
Inadditiontostressinduced,immunesuppression,thebodysnaturaldefensesystemisalsosusceptibletostress
inducedmalnutrition.Whenthebodybeginstosufferfromstressinducedmalnutrition,thecellsoftheimmunesystem
aredeprivedofcriticalnutrientsnecessaryfortheirfunction.Inadditiontothemacronutrients,myriadmicronutrients
thatincludezinc,selenium,vitaminsA,C,E,andB6,theaminoacidsglutamine,cysteine,andarginine,andproper
ratiosofOmega3andOmega6fattyacidsareknowntobenecessaryforafunctionalimmunesystem.Observations
indicatethatFattyAcids(FA)canmodulateimmuneresponsesbyactingdirectlyonTcells,andsuggestthatalteration
ofcellularFAtowardOmega3maybeaworthwhileapproachtocontrolinflammationthatoftentendstocancer.
IntakeofOmega3fattyacidsinchildhoodisvitalandhasbeenshowntoplayaroleinpreventingADHDandin
improvinglearningandacademicperformance.Thepolyphenolsfoundinextravirginoliveoilhavebeenshownto
significantlyincreaselevelsofvitaminEindicatingthattheyimprovedantioxidantdefensesystems.Thishadmarked
effectoncholesterolasitdecreasedLDLoxidationandimprovedHDLlevels.Takingadequateamountsofbothoils
(codliverandolive)showedasynergisticbenefitinantiinflammatoryeffects.Additionally,fattyacidimbalance
contributestoreductionsinperipheralnerveconductionvelocityandbloodflow.Withoutproperbloodflow,neurons
begintodie.ThisimbalancemaybecorrectedbyasupplementofGLA(Omega6fattyacidfoundinEvening
PrimroseOil).Bloodflowimprovementtonervesincreasedby34.8%,butwhencombinedwithantioxidants,the
resultwasasynergistic72%improvement!
It is vital to note that MMR vaccine, and the chronic measles infection so often following, depletes the body of vitamin
A, and like all vaccines, reduces blood flow to some brain areas that are being damaged by the vaccine effects. In fact,
recent work has shown that children and adults with severe infections may excrete substantial quantities of vitamin A in
the urine, whereas healthy subjects excrete little or no urinary vitamin A. The cause of such urinary losses appears to be
impaired functioning of the kidney tubular epithelial cells, which normally reabsorb vitamin A during severe infections.
This phenomenon may help explain the longstanding observation that severe infections often precipitate clinical vitamin
A deficiency (xerophthalmia) in young children with marginal vitamin A stores. In addition, vitamin A deficiency impairs
certain aspects of the immune function; in particular, the secretory IgA response is dramatically impaired. A deficiency of
vitamin A and zinc hinders cell-mediated immunity (Th1), and our kids are universally lacking in these vital nutrients
(vitamin A requires zinc for its mobilization [Ogiso et al, 1974]). Scrimshaw, et al. (1968) reviewed over 50 studies of
infection and nutrition and wrote, No nutritional deficiency in the animal kingdom is more consistently synergistic with
infection than that of vitamin A. In South Africa, it was found that injection of 200,000 units of vitamin A reduced near
50% measles-vaccine deaths to virtually zero. Children with vitamin A deficiency are more susceptible to the effects of
DDT, hydrocarbon carcinogens, and PCBs.
Additionally, the Australian, Archivide Kalokerinos, M.B., B.S., Ph.D., noted for his work among the
Australian aborigines, reduced an infant-morality rate from near 50% to virtually zero. Noting features of
scurvy among some of the infants and children, and observing that many deaths followed vaccinations, he
hypothesized that the vaccinations provoked death by throwing the infants into fulminating scurvy. Based on
these observations, he improved the nutrition of the children, provided generous amounts of vitamin C, and
avoided vaccines when children were ill with colds or other infections. As a result of this work he was
awarded the Australian Medal of Merit in l978. You would be wise to provide your child a high intake of
vitamins A and C before contemplating any vaccination and to restore the child that has been vaccinated.
Cellmediatedimmunity(CMI)inmanyinfantsisprobablylow,andthevaccineslowerCMIfurther.Onevaccine
decreases CMI by 50%, two together by 70%. Three? Yet, repeated immunizations with three vaccines
simultaneouslyfromfourweeksto12or18monthsaregiven.AllthesetriplevaccinesmarkedlyimpairCMI,yet
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someuninformeddoctors,solelyforconvenienceandprofitgive10virusesintothesestrugglingimmunesystemsin
onesitting!Dontletthishappentoyourchild!ThelongestsafetytrialofthetriplevaccineMMR(alllive,
attenuatedviruses)wasthreeweeks!
Repeat DPT is given at 12 months. In mice, spectrally assayed cytochrome p450 was decreased by 50% for 7 days
following DTP vaccination. Phospho-sulfotransferase, a Phase II detoxifying enzyme was also decreased as was the
RNA necessary to their production. Children receiving DPT show three times as many seizures as is the norm for
children. A similar increase 3.3 times the norm occurred within four to seven days following MMR. This decrease of
p450 enzymes tends to harbor toxins within the system, leading to toxicity through a build up of heavy metals and other
poisons, including the thimerosal (mercury), aluminum, formaldehyde, and other poisons in the vaccine. Mercury has
also been found to play a part in neuronal problems through blockage of the p450 liver enzymatic process. Cadmium
has a toxic effect on many enzymes dependent on iron as a cofactor, including the cytochrome p450 enzymes (Maines,
M.D., 1984). Mercury has been shown to diminish and block sulfur oxidation thus reducing sulfates and glutathione
levels which is the part of this process involved in detoxifying and excretion of toxics like mercury.
Glutathione is produced through the sulfur oxidation side of this process. Low levels of available glutathione have been
shown to increase mercury retention and increase toxic effects. Pretreatment with of a specimen with 100 microM
glutathione ethyl ester or N-acetylcysteine (NAC), but not methionine, resulted in a significant increase in intracellular
GSH. Further, pretreatment of the cells with glutathione ethyl ester or NAC prevented cytotoxicity with exposure to 15
microM Thimerosal PMID: 15527868. If you are determined to be vaccinated with a Thimerosal-bearing vaccine, it
would be wise to take a gram of NAC before and after along with a high amount of vitamins A and C.
The cytochrome p450 (Phase I) enzyme pathway is the only way a baby has to deal with endotoxins from the gut.
The Phase I system is one of several shut down temporarily by the DPT and other vaccines. Toxins from E. Coli
(and those of Candida), being given off when the liver is impaired by DTP, can have severe consequences, having
been associated with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome! This is all the more likely when there is a chronic deficiency
of vitamins A and C as might be induced by a poor diet or by a chronic measles infection of the gut. No effort
should be made to eradicate bacteria and fungi, releasing as it does large amounts of endotoxins, without ensuring
the child is adequately supplied with antioxidant nutrients, particularly vitamins A and C. Use of Alka-Seltzer
Gold, bentonite clay, and charcoal is said to reduce the impact of this die-off.
The repeated use of vaccinations would tend to shift the functional balance of the immune system toward
the antibody-producing side (Th2), and away from the acute inflammatory discharging side (the cellmediated side or Th1). This has been confirmed by observation especially in the case of Gulf War Illness:
most vaccinations caused a shift in immune function from the Th1 side (acute inflammatory discharging
response) to the Th2 side (chronic auto-immune or allergic response).
The wise use of vaccinations would be to use them selectively, and not on a mass scale. In order for vaccinations to be
helpful and not harmful, we must know beforehand in each individual to be vaccinated whether the Th1 function or the
Th2 function of the immune system predominates. In individuals in whom Th1 predominates, the cellular immune
system is overreactive causing many acute inflammations, thus a vaccination could have a balancing effect on the
immune system and be helpful for that individual. In individuals in whom Th2 predominates, causing few acute
inflammations, but rather the tendency to chronic allergic or autoimmune inflammations, a vaccination would cause Th2
to predominate even more, aggravating the imbalance of the immune system and harming the health of that
individualPhilip F. Incao, MD.
Multiple vaccinations, in shifting this delicate balance to a predominant Th2 response, favor the development
of atopy (asthma, eczema, hay fever, and food intolerances) and, perhaps, autoimmunity, through vaccineinduced, polyclonal activation leading to autoantibody production. An increase in the incidence of childhood
atopic diseases may be expected as a result of concurrent vaccination strategies that induce a Th2-biased
immune response. Additionally, studies in New Zealand showed a 4-fold increase in asthma as a teenager in
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infants who had received antibiotics. Similarly, antibiotics used in the first two years of life increase risk of
allergies five-to-six fold. Feeding microflora products as yogurt or capsules of flora may prevent this.
The literature shows an association between antiviral vaccination and onset of childhood asthma. We have noted
that attenuation of viral target by conventional vaccine preparation does not completely remove or degrade viral
nucleic acids such as double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). It is known that viral dsRNA can induce activation of a
hosts antiviral protein kinase (PKR). We have shown that activation of PKR by dsRNA leads to expression of
Th2-type immune responses, e.g., allergy and asthmaFarhad Imani, M.D., David Proud, M.D. Recent
discovery shows the gamma-delta group of T-cells are responsible for allergic responses through their
production of interleukin-4 (IL-4).
The odds of having a history of asthma were twice as great among (DTP) vaccinated subjects than among
unvaccinated subjects (adjusted odds ratio, 2.00; 95% confidence interval, 0.59 to 6.74). The odds of having
had any allergy-related respiratory symptom in the past 12 months was 63% greater among vaccinated
subjects than unvaccinated subjects (adjusted odds ratio, 1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 2.54). The
associations between vaccination and subsequent allergies and symptoms were greatest among children aged
5 through 10 yearsHurwitz, E.L., Morgenstern, H; UCLA School of Public Health, Department of
Epidemiology, Los Angeles, California. Additionally, in 1990 Pediatric neurologist Dr. John H. Menkes,
professor emeritus at UCLA, reported on 46 children experiencing neurological adverse reaction within 72
hours of a DPT shot. Over 87% of the children reacted with a seizure, 2 children died, and most surviving
children became retarded, with 72% having uncontrollable seizure disorders.
One study published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases documented a long-term depressive effect on
interferon production caused by the measles vaccine. Interferon is a chemical produced by lymphocytes (a type
of white blood cell) that renders the host resistant to infection. Vaccination of one-year-old infants with measles
vaccine caused a precipitous drop in the level of alpha-interferon produced by lymphocytes. This decline
persisted for one year following vaccination, at which time the experiment was terminated. Thus, this study
showed that measles vaccine produced a significant long-term immune suppression. This suppression lays the
child open to all sorts of infections.
For example: a study published in the American Journal of Public Health Investigators on children who
contracted polio, a total of 1,300 cases in New York City and 2,137 cases in the remainder of New York State,
discovered that children with polio were twice as likely to have received a DTP vaccination in the two months
preceding the onset of polio than were the control children. More recently, in a polio epidemic in Oman, DTP
vaccination caused the onset of paralytic polio. The report in the British medical journal Lancet confirmed that a
significantly higher percentage of these children with polio (43% compared to 28% of the controls) had received a
DTP shot within 30 days of the onset of polio. The DTP vaccine suppresses the bodys ability to fight off the
poliovirus.
Usually then, the autistic child needs to boost Th1 cells. This can be done with Omega-3 fatty acids [EPA at 1000
to 1500 mg a day (two to three teaspoons of CLO), and DHA between 1500 to 2500 mg a day (3 to 5 teaspoons of
CLO or fish oil)]. Extra Virgin Olive oil contains oleic acid (four tablespoons a day of fresh oil thats been refrigerated)
is very supportive of Th1, as is vitamin A, 25,000 IU, for adults, with a lot of carotenoids, a lot of vegetables, carrots,
and things like that, but these also contain phenolic acids that may be adverse for a phenol-sulfotransferase deficient
(PST) child. In addition to that, L-glutamine, 10 to 20 grams (adult) a day, will strengthen Th1 (but could be very
excitotoxic for some). Use Lactobacillus, two or three different kinds, and Bifido bifidus, and magnesium, zinc,
chromium, and silica. Those who may become pregnant should limit vitamin A to 10,000 IU to avoid possible fetal
damage in the first eight weeks of pregnancy.
Scientists at Institut Pasteur de Kyoto showed lactobacilli enhanced natural body defenses in 10 healthy adults by
increasing their capacity to produce alpha interferon by 65% after two weeks and by 59% after four weeks. The U.S.
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Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved alpha interferon for use in treating certain types of cancer,
hepatitis, and genital warts.
Hepatic glutathione (GSH) is a key substrate for reducing toxic oxygen metabolites and oxidized xenobiotics in the
liver enabling their clearance from the body. Depletion of liver glutathione is a common occurrence in TylenolTM
usage and in mercury and cadmium toxicity and Leaky Gut Syndromes contributing to liver dysfunction and liver
necrosis. It has also been demonstrated that mercury (Hg) not only directly removes GSH from the cell, but also
inhibits the activities of two key enzymes involved in GSH metabolism, GSH synthetase and GSH reductase. Hg
also inhibits the activities of the free-radical-quenching enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and perhaps GSH
peroxidase. Inside the cell, Hg0 is oxidized by catalase to the highly reactive Hg2+. Once assimilated in the cell,
Hg2+ and MeHg+ form covalent bonds with glutathione and cysteine residues of proteins. GSH is thus depleted
in chelating and removing these heavy metals. Many factors can affect liver function and glutathione availability.
For instance, a recent or chronic-active infection can deplete glutathione, as does a single dose of Tylenol.
Studies have found that heavy metals, especially mercury and cadmium, deplete glutathione and protein-bound
sulfhydryl (SH) groups resulting in inhibiting SH-containing enzymes and the production of reactive oxygen
species such as superoxide ion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals. These reactive oxygen species result in
increased lipid peroxidation, enhanced excretion of urinary lipid metabolites, modulation of intracellular
oxidized states, DNA damage, membrane damage, altered gene expression, and apoptosis. Increased fragility
and decreased sulfhydryl content in cell membranes follow closely, within 4-5 days, a decrease in plasma zinc
concentration. These latter signs are readily reversible within 1-2 days by zinc supplementation.
Cathepsin D is the predominant lysosomal protease (protein digesting enzyme within the lysosomes of a cell that
digest the old organelles allowing new ones to form) and is abundantly expressed in the brain. It plays an important
role in regulation of cellular apoptosis (programmed cell death) and has been shown to mediate apoptosis induced by
(the) cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma. Cathepsin D is involved in apoptosis
that is initiated by the oxidation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to oxidized glutathione (GSSG). It is my hypothesis
that unnatural oxidation of GSH to GSSG would also cause cell death that was not naturally induced. It is well
known that autistics suffer from oxidative stress (which leads to elevated GSSG levels and apoptosis that is not really
programmed but induced by some toxicant). Professor Boyd E. Haley, Ph D.
We found that cathepsin D protein expression was significantly increased in the frontal cortex, in pyramidal and
granule cells of the hippocampus, and in cerebellar neurons in autistic subjects as compared to controls. In addition,
we found that the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased, while caspase-3, a
critical executioner of apoptosis, was increased in the cerebellum of autistic subjects. Previously our studies have
shown that Bcl-2 expression is decreased and the BDNF-Akt-Bcl-2 pathway is compromised in the frontal cortex
of autistic subjects, which suggested that increased apoptosis (destruction of neurons, typically induced by the
stress hormone, cortisol WSL) may be involved in the pathogenesis of autism. Our current finding of
decreased Bcl-2 and increased capase-3 in the cerebellum of autistic subjects further supports this
suggestion. In addition, the finding of increased cathepsin D in the cerebellum of autistic subjects suggests that,
through its regulation of apoptosis, the altered activities of cathepsin D in the autistic brain may play an important
role in the pathogenesis of autism. - PMID: 19854241
This is why I think it is important to address the oxidative stress issue in these children as well as older patients
with other illnesses. Elevated cathepsin D may just be a secondary effect of oxidative stress induced by a toxic
exposure that leads to brain inflammation. Professor Boyd E. Haley, PhD
To counter these high oxidative-stress loads, one must supplement antioxidants, particularly Ambrotose AOR
(Mannatech), vitamins C and E, selenium, and glutathione, and enhance the bodys production of glutathione as
outlined elsewhere in this paper. Some foods, such as avocado and asparagus, supply GSH.
The displacement of zinc in the presence of a toxic-metal burden may explain in part why increased levels of zinc are so
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commonly seen in the scalp hair of patients exhibiting significant levels of toxic metals Hg, Cd, Pb (Quig, unpublished
observations). Such high zinc readings in hair tests would indicate an actual lack of systemic zinc!
Platelets from zinc deficient rats exhibit abnormal aggregation (failure to aggregate normally), a defect that
is associated with impaired calcium uptake. This is probably due to a lack of sun and vitamin D. The
evidence suggests defective calcium channels in the plasma membrane of cells. Similar observations have
been made in brain synaptic membranes from zinc deficient guinea pigs. As in the red cell, membranes from
platelets have a lower than normal concentration of sulfhydryls. Treatment of zinc deficient blood with
glutathione increases the aggregation response of platelets isolated from the blood of zinc-deficient
rats, bringing it back to normal.
Chelation with DMSA needs GSH or NAC to metabolize out as disulfide-bound DMSA-GSH or DMSA-NAC. If
replacement NAC/GSH is not supplied, DMSA and DMPS (3-4 times more so than DMSA) consume available
stores of these antioxidants leaving a dangerous deficiency. In humans, oral glutathione is readily absorbed by the
gut mucosa, repleting its glutathione supply; but all remaining GSH is then broken down by the mucosa preventing
systemic absorption. This may explain why oral glutathione has been of help to autistic children even when there is
apparently little systemic absorption. This being true, one must support the body in its manufacture of GSH to avoid a
dangerous lack due to chelation. Nevertheless, given the gut dysfunction found in many autistic children, oral glutathione
at 250 - 500 mg/day may be of significant help. Additionally, a glutathione cream has become available. I think this
means of replenishment of cellular glutathione is highly desirable. Further, it seems both forms should be used.
Nevertheless, Dr. Woody McGinnis has this to say: It is unfortunate that we have this myth about oral glutathione not
absorbing. There are many good articles on this, and just no question that it gets absorbed, and much of it intact, and
especially by the intestine, which is especially where you want it. Other reports state that glutathione given orally does
raise GSH intracellularly in vivo. This has been demonstrated both in animals and in humans. An oral bolus of 15 mg/kg
to the human appears to raise plasma GSH two-to-five-fold, with great variability in effect between the five subjects
tested; however, in another study that used healthy, fasted subjects, plasma GSH did not rise following oral
administration of GSH. Perhaps plasma GSH is so well buffered in healthy subjects that with them, it is difficult to
influence by oral dosing.
Cysteine is deficient in a majority of Autistic children, especially younger than six, and especially before
vitamin B6 supplementation. An important point should be emphasized regarding the potential for DMSA
to contribute further to depletion. Ninety percent of the DMSA absorbed is excreted in the urine as a
cysteine-DMSA-cysteine disulfide complex. Therefore, between days of oral administration of DMSA it is
important to replace cysteine, except in those instances where the child is cysteine toxic. Cysteine, in
excess, can penetrate even a healthy, blood-brain barrier and become an excitotoxin to the brain.
Additionally, pharmacological doses of cysteine/NAC, in the range of 1500 mg daily, have the potential to
exacerbate the adverse neurological effects of toxic metals since it moves mercury into the brain in rats. It
is of interest to note that intravenous glutathione removes mercury from the brain. Giving cysteine or too
much NAC can be like an atom bomb to an autistic. The reason is that these agents result in sudden
production in the G.I tract of metallothionein that temporarily absorbs most of the available zinc. So,
while the gut is healing, the bloodstream and brain become dramatically zinc deficient; thus the terrible
response sometimes seen to NAC. MT promotion must NEVER be attempted in a zinc-depleted person.
Otherwise, you are likely to get the same terrible reaction as commonly occurs with cysteine or too much
NAC. Additionally, cysteine is probably unsafe for routine oral administration, because when circulating
in the blood, it readily auto-oxidizes to potentially toxic degradation products. Saez and collaborators
demonstrated that the highly reactive hydroxyl radical is among the products formed from the autooxidation of cysteine. Cysteine also has excitotoxin activity in the brain, similar to that of the amino
acids glutamate and aspartate, and can be toxic to the retina. This excitotoxicity of cysteine is completely
blocked by adequate amounts of zinc! A study of patients with Parkinsons, ALS, and Alzheimers found a
significant elevation of their cysteine to sulfate ratio that is often seen in autism! This ratio may well be
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improved by a supplement of Vitamins C, B6, and molybdenum.

Methionine, betaine (TMG), and choline enhance liver function and increase the levels of SAMe and glutathione. In
addition to the above supplements, use these that build glutathione: Mannatech Products (Ambrotose, PhytAloe,
and PLUS), garlic, dandelion, Colostrum, Schizandra, Vitamins A, C, and E, wheat grass, whey, shark-liver oil, ricebran extract, lysine, NAC, and SAMe. All are totally nontoxic, though NAC has some considerations mentioned
earlier. Carotenes enhance immune response and spare the glutathione, a Phase II detoxification enzyme in the liver
that we rely on to safely eliminate pollutants and toxins from the body. You might even want to add, after careful
testing, Pregnenolone or DHEA (both suppress cortisol), because the higher the levels of DHEA, within normal, the
better Th1 performs.
Dr. Nestler, from the University of Virginia, has spent the last eight years doing multiple studies to show that
DHEA levels are directly correlated with insulin levels, or I should say, insulin resistance. The more insulin
resistant you are, the higher your insulin levels are and the lower your DHEA levels. He firmly believes, and has
a lot of studies to back it up, that the decline in DHEA is strictly due to the increase in insulin resistance with
age. If you reduce the insulin resistance, the DHEA rises. This is vital, for when insulin levels are elevated you
cannot produce glucagon; thus, you cannot burn stored fat for energy. The insulin stores excess calories of a
meal as fat, and locks it there! DHEA will help to burn off some of that fat and, being precursor to the adrenal
and sex hormones, will support that aspect of aging. A study found that measuring insulin levels in the blood
predicts heart attack better than any other risk factor! High, resting insulin increases arachidonic acid levels
and creates inflammation, and inflammation and the increased cytokines increase insulin resistance. You
must not allow yourself or your children to eat a high carbohydrate diet that often includes lots of sugar, fruit
juices, and soft drinks. You must eat low Glycemic-Indexed foods to avoid sharp rises in insulin levels, and strive
to reverse insulin resistance. If you cannot avoid sugar, substitute vegetable glycerine and Xylitol. Glycerine is
not quite as sweet as sugar but it is safe. It is made from coconut or palm, and it will not feed Candida.
Researchers report that 1332 IU of vitamin D per day reduced insulin resistance of diabetic women by 21.4%!
More is usually better. See information herein about reducing cytokines (Il-6 and TNF). Strength training is more
effective than aerobic exercises in this endeavor.
For you Moms struggling with perimenopausal or menopausal problems, it is not estrogen therapy you need (the
medical approach), but progesterone (usually). Progesterone (a product of the adrenas) declines first (estrogen
dominance) in the late 30s (a common cause of miscarriage) with an estrogen decline taking place, usually in the
late forties, and then testosterone declines. Progesterone declines at 120 times the rate of estrogen decline, so the
problem grows worse with time. Ask the health-store manager for information on use of progesterone cream, or
if available, sublingual progesterone (90% absorption against 15% transdermally). Additional help can be had
with the herbs red raspberry, chasteberry, black cohosh (may adversely affect the liver of some), and/or maca.
Buy only quality herbs, preferably standardized. Ambrotose AO and PLUS from Mannatech are very effective
in restoring this and other declining functions noted in these years. The Indole-3-carbinol of cruciferous
vegetables found in PhytAloe modulates high estrogen levels. Fresh-ground flax seed (compound Linum
Usitatissimum), but not flax oil, and magnesium will have a similar good effect. Since fat cells are estrogen
factories, the best way to reduce estrogen dominance is a life-style change that reduces fat, especially visceral.
Vanadyl Sulfate is an insulin mimic; so, it can basically do what insulin does. It has been shown to use a different
mechanism to lower blood sugar; so it spares insulin and helps improve insulin sensitivity. To really lower insulin
levels, give 7.5 mg twice a day. More can be used short term.
Thyroid hormones, along with the retinol form of vitamin A, are needed to create progesterone; so, it may be
better to support the thyroid and use cod-liver oil as suggested herein than to supplement DHEA. Chromium
(200 mg) reduces cortisol by 47%. Vitamin E, vitamin B-complex, Panax ginseng, digestive enzymes,
Transfer Factor, even some things called arabinogalactans and glyconutrients (AmbroStart by
Mannatech), all build Th1 (enhances macrophage action and Natural Killer Cell [NKC] function). Aloe
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(Manapola stabilized, standardized Aloe contained in Ambrotose), Ambrotose, AmbroStart,

PhytAloe, PLUS, and ImmunoSTART (all from Mannatech, Inc.) are without peers in producing
glutathione, and in modulating this function of the immune system. Arabinogalactan is metabolized to shortchain fatty acids acetate, butyrate, and propionate and reduces ammonia production. Dr. Michael Currieri,
Ph. D., in his Personal Story of Victory Over Tongue Cancer tells how these Mannatech products helped
his NK Cell function improve and go from 1,027 to 51,545 NKC numbers in 30 days. Further, the antiinflammatory effects of digestive enzymes strip away the protein camouflage of cancer cells allowing the immune
system to recognize and attack the aberrant cells.
Additionally, it is known that vitamin C (1000 mg or more) seems to suppress the Th2 system and promote
the Th1 system, which is why asthmatics on vitamin C have fewer and less severe attacks than those who
dont take vitamin C (Trop Geogr Med 1980;32:132-7). It has also been shown that the mean vitamin C
level in patients with asthma is significantly lower than in healthy controls (Afr J Med Sci. 1985;14:115-120),
and that vitamin C can have a protective effect and block Exercise-Induced Asthma (Arch Pediatr Adolesc
Med Vol 151, April 1997, pg 367). Nothing is as effective in restoring Th balance and natural breath function
as is Mannatech Products.
Other than vaccines, Candida, and stress, what causes Th2 to be elevated? Faulty digestion, a leaky gut, over
consumption of glucose (sugar) and processed foods (that weakens systemic resistance to infection), transfatty acids, a
diet high in the Omega-6 fatty acids like linoleic acid (cut Canola, use olive and coconut). All of these promote overfunctioning of Th2. This makes the cell membranes porous, and very vulnerable to infection. Adrenal exhaustion or a
lack of glutathione may promote a cytokine shift from Th1 to Th2. Adrenal dysfunction can lead to hypoglycemia,
increased allergy symptoms, weight gain, increased menopausal symptoms, mood swings, and mental confusion. Any
suffering allergies, including asthma, undoubtedly have three conditions undiagnosed: hypoglycemia, hypothyroidism,
and hypoadrenocorticism. These must be corrected by temporary elimination of allergens, a low carbohydrate, high
protein intake, and a supplement of nutrients chosen to support the adrenals, thyroid, and pancreas, including desiccated,
whole-adrenal glandular. If not needed, the adrenal tablets may make you feel weak. Do not use Tylenol
(Acetaminophen, Paracetamol) for this will make asthma worse, and do not accept cortisone or
prednisone! Tylenol contains a sulfite that can cause problems with those who are sulfite sensitive (PST
deficient), and it drains the lungs and liver of their supply of glutathione within 30 minutes! Tylenol can use up
the livers available activated sulfate in one to two minutes, and it takes a long time to recover. Tylenol is the
leading cause of liver failure! GSH is the bodys principal agent for safeguarding against lung damage (Kim
2002). A study reported in the European Respiratory Journal showed that people with poor respiratory
function have insufficient GSH. GSH and sulfate are the two substances used by the liver to detoxify the
system. Do not fail to heed what you have just read! Should you feel a NSAID is necessary, use Ibuprofen.
Should you be forced to use cortisone, moderately large doses of vitamin A have an immunostimulatory effect,
and can reverse the suppression produced by pharmacological agents such as cortisone.
Dr. Eli Selfter of Albert Einstein Medical College demonstrated that in mice under heavy stress without adequate
pantothenic acid (a Bvitamin), the adrenal glands enlarged and the thymus glands (which are responsible for proper
immune function) shrunk. Large amounts of vitamin A and pantothenic acid restored these glands to normal size!
Additionally, vitamins B6, B12, A, C, D, E, para-aminobenzoic acid, pantothenic acid, and the minerals zinc,
magnesium, and calcium aid the adrenals in conditions of hypoadrenocorticism (adrenal cortex deficiency).
Pantothenic acid (300 mg), vitamin C (2000 mg), and chromium (200-400 mcg), for adults, will support the
pancreas. The bioflavonoids will reduce allergic reactions to foods and other substances. Specifically, magnesium
and MSM reduce allergic responses. Ensure that all these nutrients are being supplied in adequate quantities.
Many find Manna-C from Mannatech to be tremendously effective in restoring normal breath and sinus
function under these conditions. Use of Mannatechs Optimal Health Plan (Ambrotose AO, PLUS, and Catalyst)
will help significantly.
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A major cause of adrenal dysfunction is sudden, extreme or chronic, prolonged stress (and our kids are
chronically stressed to breaking). We tend to think of stress as emotional, but it can be physical (e.g.,
accidents, surgery, prolonged illness or pain, and especially a toxic liver and/or congested kidneys),
nutritional (long-term use of synthetic vitaminsespecially ascorbic acid in high dosage, deficiencies or
excesses of nutrients, and food allergies), environmental (chemical sensitivities and allergies, metal toxicities,
electromagnetic fields), thermal (prolonged excessive heat or cold), many medical drugs (especially
hormones), and overwork, all of which adversely affect the adrenals.
A toxic, congested liver leads to all kinds of health problems including the accumulating of toxic metals mercury,
cadmium, lead, arsenic, and antimony. The person with a congested, toxic liver is usually an allergic person. They
slowly become allergic to everything, because their liver is not filtering properly! Anything entering the blood
from the gut must pass through the liver. Unmetabolized molecules that should not be there end up in the
bloodstream. The Immune system releases histamine and cytokines in reaction to these foreign bodies.
Increasingly, your body will react to just about everything, and you will become Multiple Chemical Sensitive,
exhausted, arthritic, asthmatic, and face adrenal failure if your liver is not attended. A person with a toxic liver
will have all kinds of digestive problems, bilious, nauseous, diarrhea and/or constipation, gallbladder problems
with stones, increased cholesterol, and more.
ThefirstmoveistoUnloadtheDonkey.Stoppoisoningyourselfwithawholly,cookedfooddietoflargely
processed foods, sugar, cigarettes, booze, drugs, whether street or prescription, (never take Tylenol
[Paracetamol]asitdrainsallglutathionefromlungsandliverwithin30minutes.Otherpainkillersalladversely
affecttheliver),andreduceyourstressloadasexcesscortisolisdamagingtotheliver.Thisalonemaybeenough
tocausethelivertobouncebackasitisveryresilient.
The foods that enable the liver to function efficiently contain biochemicals and enzymes that the liver uses to rid
the blood and itself of toxins. These include lots of garlic, onions, kale, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, beets (roots
and leaves), black radish, red peppers, cabbage, celery, eggplant, asparagus, eggs, organic liver, and green tea.
Those are not on your plate? Then you must take the equivalent in food supplements, like Ambrotose
Complex, PLUS, and Phyt-Aloe by Mannatech, or Livaplex, Spanish Black Radish, Cholacol II, and
Phytolyn from Standard Process (available from your natural health doctor). If dealing with Hepatitis or other
serious liver condition, add ImmunoSTART from Mannatech or Zymex Wafers and Betacol. To detoxify
the kidneys as well, add Albaplex, all from Standard Process. A frequent bath using two cups of Epsom salts
to the tub will supply additional necessary magnesium and sulfates to enable the Phase II liver enzymes to
function. A supplement of MSM and molybdenum may be helpful in generating additional sulfates. Be aware
that molybdenum and sulfate as well as vitamin C and zinc will tend to induce secondary copper deficiency; so,
unless you are copper toxic, supplement 2-3 mg copper daily. Sulphites also destroy thiamine (vitamin B1) in the
body leading to thiamine deficiency when eaten in large quantities. In the USA, sulphites have been banned in
meats in the since 1959. In other English-speaking countries, sulphites are permitted in sausages but have been
illegal in mince for many decades.
Since you are heavily toxic, and the liver is hampered in its detoxifying ability, start these supplements at the
lowest level and gradually increase to recommended amounts or you can get very sick for a short time. Old
symptoms can worsen, or long-gone ones return briefly. Rest, drink lots of water, and if necessary, reduce
amounts of supplements being consumed to keep this Herxheimers reaction only mildly uncomfortable. Its
better not to overload these sluggish pathways. To protect the liver itself, supplement Phosphatidylcholine.
Cortisol (also known as hydrocortisone) is the most important adrenal hormone, having many functions
including: 1) Transporting amino acid building blocks of proteins to the liver where they are converted to
glucose; 2) Increasing blood sugar levels; 3) Decreasing the rate at which cells use glucose; 4) Helping the
body burn fats instead of glucose. If in too great supply, glucocorticoids (steroid hormones) can raise serum
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glucose levels to a point where a diabetes-like condition ensues.

Insufficient cortisol output, however, is associated with many other symptoms, including: 1) Craving sweets, soft
drinks, fruit juices, tobacco, marijuana, etc.; 2). Dizziness on standing up too fast; 3) Headaches, blurred vision,
irritability, erratic energy levels; 4) Conditions over time such as Addisons disease, arthritis, bursitis, bronchitis, colitis,
allergies, and frequent infections. This condition is often addressed by cortisol injections, but potassium
supplementation would be a lot safer way of increasing cortisol than use of injections. Too much cortisol (common in
people in early stages of adrenal exhaustion) increases the rate at which bone and muscle mass is lost (among the first
symptoms of physical aging). Additionally, cognitive impairment, loss of brain cells, and many serious diseases,
including, it seems, diabetes, cancer, stroke, heart problems, ulcers, multiple sclerosis, retinitis pigmentosa, and
Alzheimers and Parkinsons diseases, and a fat tire on your waist and hips.
To determine if you have adrenal exhaustion, have your blood pressure checked after lying quietly for five minutes,
then stand up and immediately recheck the pressure. If the blood pressure reading is lower when you are standing,
suspect reduced adrenal function. The degree to which the blood pressure drops upon standing is often
proportionate to the degree of hypoadrenalism (low adrenal function).
Cellulite is one of the signs of potassium deficiency. Raisins can help banish cellulite. Healthy adrenals need ten
times more potassium than most of us get in a day. Depending upon its size, a banana has 370 to 600 mg (370 mg
per 100 grams). That is excellent, but raisins have 763 mg per 100 gram! (Patrick Holford, UK Nutritionist.)
Supplements have only 99 mg!
Dr. Wm. Shaw reports instances of severe yeast overgrowth (indicated by high arabinose readings) causing severe
hypoglycemia and pancreas damage. He finds low blood sugar in instances of fibromyalgia where yeast overgrowth is
common. If the amino acids threonine, glycine, and serine are all low, it may indicate hypoglycemia. Yeast overgrowth is
a serious condition that Dr. Shaw has correlated with high oxalate and acetaldehyde levels that poison your child and
quite possibly yourself. Yeast also produce serotonin and may interfere with normal neuroregulation. (Candida
albicans As a Producer of Serotonin. Sokoloff, etal., Growth, 1967;31,297-300.) Restoring intestinal flora
balance must be addressed aggressively.
A Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology article from McGill University and the Institute Pasteur in
France says, A new study has found additional evidence that a chemical involved in inflammation may play a
role in asthma. The study found more of the chemical known as Interleukin 9 (IL-9). IL-9 is one of those
Th2 substances that gets overactive, suppresses Th1, and you wind up with asthma. They believe that if you
can lower IL-9 this is going to help treat, and even prevent, asthma. It says, Interleukins have been known
to play a role in regulating the immune system, and in particular, to be responsible for causing the early
stages of inflammation. They found that if you can lower the Th2, especially these Interleukins, and boost
Th1 with all the nutrients weve been speaking about, theyre going to help dramatically in the management
of a wide range of illnesses, including multiple sclerosis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel
disease, AIDS, Chronic Fatigue, Candida, multiple allergies, multiple chemical sensitivities, hepatitis, Gulf
War Syndrome, cancer, and other autoimmune diseases, like autism. Just the elimination of Candida has been
found to cure a third of all eczema, irritable bowel, some asthma, joint pains, and virtually all psoriasis.
Cytokines (hormone messengers secreted by immune cells), actively transported into the Central Nervous System
(CNS), play a key role in this immune activation. It was recently observed that cytokines activate astrocytes and
microglia cells (immune system cells in the central nervous system and brain) that in turn produce cytokines by a
feedback mechanism. Where T-cells are over stimulated, they produce large numbers and amounts of cytokines that
cause inflammation in the body, muscular pains, headaches, and often malnourishment and weight loss. The free
radical damage to self is great. Rosemary Waring (2001) outlined the possibility that cytokines, which are
peptides produced in inflammatory processes, may be responsible for low sulfate levels. It was found that autistic
children often have high cytokine levels, and this would have the indirect effect of greatly reducing the production
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of sulfate. Children with autism were found to excrete roughly twice as much sulfate in their urine so that they had
only 1/5 the normal level of sulfate in their bodies. (Tumor Necrosis Factor is elevated in many, which can inhibit
the conversion of cysteine to sulfate. Many enzymes are impaired when sulfate is low, and the ability to detoxify
heavy metals and phenols is severely impaired. Additionally, red blood cell formation is inhibited, reducing oxygen
to cellsWSL). Moreover, cytokines strongly influence the dopaminergic (dopamine), noradrenergic
(noradrenaline), and serotonergic (serotonin) neurotransmission. There are indications that neuronal processes can
activate the cascade of cytokines. These findings close a theoretical gap between stress and anxiety and their
influence on immunity (they greatly lower the natural-killer-cell function). When we are fit and healthy it means
our bodies are working properly and keeping the germs and bugs at bay. It is only because the immune system falls
down that we get ill, said Michael Endecott, research director of the Institute for Complementary Medicine in
London.
Low plasma Cysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid that metabolizes to sulfate, is commonly seen in autism. When
cysteine is as low as reported above, it seriously limits the production of sulfates, glutathione, and metallothionein, all
dependent upon available cysteine. This results in increased oxidative stress, lowered immune function,
neurotransmitter dysfunction, vagal nerve dysfunction, accumulation of heavy metals, especially lead, cadmium, and
mercury, and viral persistence, all commonly seen in autism. Repairing this damage is key to recoveryDr. Jeff
Bradstreet. One must not supplement cysteine arbitrarily as it may be in excess, and that is severely toxic, especially
for the zinc deficient.
Gluten (from grains) and casein (from milk) have immune and neurotransmitter impacts. Therefore, they
have the ability to cause immune dysregulation and neurotransmitter imbalance. In experimental studies,
opiate drugs such as morphine have been found to bind to brain opioid receptors and this binding leads to
decreased glucose (sugar) utilization and decreased metabolic rate. In other words, substances that bind to
opioid receptors in the brain slow the brain down. The one finding that stands up in the brains of autistic
children is that the brain is slowed down (metabolically less active) as shown by decreased blood flow,
especially in speech areas. Chemicals in the diet that slow the brain are Barley Malt, the raw material for
making beer, and vinegar. Malt contains twenty chemicals that slow the brain, and vinegar also contains such
chemicalsDr. Bruce Semon MD, Ph.D, Website.
Opioids decrease T-cell proliferation via the mu-receptors, and this may cause a mild, immune suppression.
Opioids can increase levels of gamma interferon also. When an opioid molecule attaches to a receptor in which it
fits, adenylate cyclase is inactivated leading to a decrease in intracellular Cyclic AMP (cAMP). Magnesium
deficiency reduces 3,5-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) concentration and increases 3,5-cyclic
guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) concentration, perhaps through inhibition of adenylate cyclase and
activation of guanylate cyclase. Cyclic AMP is an important messenger system in the brain and body. When
intracellular cAMP levels have been lowered because of constant (inappropriate) stimulation of opioid receptors
on the cell surface or due to a magnesium deficiency, less tryptophan hydroxylase is phosphorylated, and
therefore more of the enzyme is inactive. When this happens, tryptophan is not converted into serotonin, but is
shunted down alternate pathways, eventually leading to urinary IAG (indolyl acryloyl glycine) and 3indoleacetate. It is reported this affects 93% of autistic children. Urinary excretion of IAG in 15 normal subjects
was significantly increased in June-September against the November-April collection in the same subjects.
Elevated levels of IAG are also found in Hartnups and SAD (seasonal depression from darkness).
Organo-phosphate pesticides cause paralysis by inhibiting certain enzyme systems. One of these pesticides,
Diazinon, has been shown to seriously interfere with the metabolism of tryptophan in a way that might force
tryptophan metabolism towards the IAG route. Are these pesticides contributing to the increased IAG in the
urine samples from the majority of people with autism and related disorders? In England, about 80% of those
with autism or ADD/ADHD have high IAG levels. Increased IAG could contribute to increased intestinal
permeability (leaky gut), and perhaps increased blood-brain barrier permeability. In animals, high opioid
levels cause indifference to mother and others in the family.
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When a foreign substance enters the body, the immune system produces antibodies against it. These antibodies are
grouped into biological categories called immunoglobulins. There are five classes (IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM)
each responsible for a specific role in the immune response. Often, one or more of these classes of antibodies will
be low in number or missing. This leaves one vulnerable to disease or allergy. At the humoral level, the newborn has
low or nonexistent levels of the immunoglobulin antibodies IgM, IgE, and IgA. The neonate is born with IgG
antibodies acquired from the mother that confer protection from some specific diseases. There is a slow rise of
immunoglobulin levels after 3 months of age to levels of older children.
Immune B-cells secrete these antibodies that bind with the foreign antigen and produce red-cell lysis (disintegration),
inactivate the virus, or produce bacterial phagocytosis (consumed by macrophages). Most autistic children have delayed
allergic reactions to some foods (show high IgG), and/or immediate, strong reactions to foods, inhaled pollens, or mold
(high IgE). These allergic reactions disrupt normal immune balance and alter interleukin-2 levels exacerbating their
symptoms. IgA is normally secreted into the digestive tract in response to incoming food. IgA protects the mucosal
surfaces of the mouth, nose, throat, gastrointestinal tract, ears, and the eyes. Low levels indicate mucosal immune
deficiency, serum antibody to food allergens, and autoimmune disease indicating a need of vitamin A and colostrum.
Conversely, high levels of IgA indicate bacterial overgrowth, enterotoxins, and viral infection. Findings of elevated IgG,
IgA, IgM, and decreased levels of IgE have been observed in patients with high, hair levels of nickel. Elevated IgG and
IgM levels against formaldehyde, trimellitic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and benzene are seen. These levels were
usually higher in persons with elevated T4/T8 ratios, noted in almost 15% of the exposed patients.
A Mom writes: My son tested positive for formic acid (formaldehyde), (extremely high levels that had to be
reported). Another doctor tested some of his patients and found trace levels in his Gf patients, higher levels in his
Gf/Cf patients, and higher levels in his non-Gf/Cf patients. He also had a few that tested negative, but their general
toxic profiles were also cleaner. We found that formic acid is used as an anti-fungal in all silage grains, even organic
grains! It could be that the GF kids were lowest because they were drinking regular milk where CLA, a naturally
occurring FA, keeps formic acid levels low. The Gf/Cf kids would then be expected to be higher.
Is Gf diet working because a formic acid (formaldehyde) source is removed? Perhaps, but grains are also
high in other anti-nutrients, lectins and phytates (IP-6), that, respectively, irritate the gut and bind nutrients.
Is Gf/Cf also removing exposure to calcium propionate (an Australian study recently proved to cause
hyperactivity and irritableness) used in breads? Formaldehyde causes sleep disorders and yet, wrinkle-free
sheets and pillow covers are treated with it! Formaldehyde is cleared by the Phase I liver enzymes, and
pantethine enhances a cytochrome p450 enzyme that detoxifies formaldehyde. Pantethine thus counteracts
brain fog, certain allergic sensitivities, and some consequences of alcoholism. In people with alcoholism and
Candidiasis, the enzyme fights off a toxic byproduct called acetaldehyde. This may be contraindicated in children
with PST.
Is Gf diet working because a new, but related substance, lectin, is being removed? Lectins are a class of proteins
that are found in common foods like corn, dairy, chicken, peas, bananas, beans and legumes (reduced when
soaked and cooked well-done), soy (fermenting reduces), potatoes, pomegranate, nuts, cantaloupe, tomatoes,
seafood, and grains (wheat, millet, rice, and many more reduced by sprouting). Although these foods contain a
variety of very healthful nutrients, their potentially dangerous lectins can be a problem unless properly prepared.
Microbes, also, carry lectins and use them for attachment to host cells. The human body contains beneficial
lectins: 1) On the vascular endothelial linings (selectins) in order for blood cells to escape into the tissues; 2) In
the liver to capture microorganisms, and 3) As opsonins, substances that coat foreign antigens, making them
more susceptible to phagocytosis (the process where immune cells digest and destroy foreign invaders) by the
white blood cells. C-reactive protein (CRP) and mannose-binding protein (MBP also MBL mannose-binding
lectin) are two examples of opsonins. Lectins are also called agglutinins because, in their binding to many cell
surfaces, they cause agglutination (cell clumping in the blood) and reduced circulation.
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For those not getting enough sun, take note: Mellanby routinely induced experimental rickets in puppies by feeding
them an oat diet. Epidemiological studies of human populations consuming high levels of unleavened, whole-grain
breads show vitamin D deficiency and rickets to be widespread. A study of radio-labeled, vitamin D in humans
consuming 60g of wheat bran daily for 30 days clearly demonstrated an enhanced elimination of vitamin D in the
intestines.
Lectins bind to vital sugars (or glyconutrients - particularly mannose, fucose, sialic acid, and n-acetylglucosamine)
robbing the body of these sugars and acting to either block or activate the sugar receptors. They contribute to
arthritis by creating a deficiency of the glycosaminoglycans, which contain glucosamine. Further, salicylates can
contribute to a deficiency of these vital sugars because they depress the bodys synthesis of these sugars. A
combination action of salicylates making one more vulnerable to lectins by depressing xylose (a vital sugar)
production, followed by the lectins binding to a now-exposed sugar is seen. Similarly, the lack of a galactose
molecule at the end of the IgG molecule exposes another glyconutrient, N-acetylglucosamine. NAG is capable of
binding to mannose-binding proteins circulating in blood plasma, which subsequently causes a cascade of
inflammation reactions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A deficiency of these sugars makes one more vulnerable to effects
of lectins that are probably best described as pharmacological. Conversely, supplementing with these vital sugars can
protect against lectins by binding them before they latch on to the cell receptors and by binding to their own receptors,
preventing the hijacking of the site by lectins. Providing extra mannose or galactose, to block the effect of MBP in the
blood, will inhibit this inflammatory cascade.
Generally, comparative trials are not conducted by Monsantos GM (genetically modified foods) testing. One field
trial did grow GM and non-GM plants next to each other, but this data was not included in the paper published.
Years afterward, the original test data was revealed and showed that Monsantos GM soy had significantly lower
levels of protein, in particular the essential amino acid, phenylalanine, and of fatty acid. Also, toasted GM-soy meal
contained nearly twice the amount of a lectina substance that may interfere with the bodys ability to
assimilate other nutrients and cause inflammation of the gastrointestinal surfaces. Additionally, the amount of
trypsin inhibitor in cooked GM soy was as much as seven-times higher than in a cooked non-GM control!
Beware of GM-foods and particularly avoid all soy (unless fermented, non-GM varieties).
Fucose, another glyconutrient, is also depressed in RA patients. As with galactose, the less fucose, the more severe
the disease. The discoveries concerning galactose, mannose, and fucose suggest that a beneficial therapy for
rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammations would be miminizing of salicylates in the diet and ingestion of higher
levels of these glyconutrients by using Mannatechs Ambrotose(R), the only such supplement available.
Saliva contains a hormone, epidermal growth factor (EGF), which binds to the EGF-R (receptor). So, when you
swallow saliva, you swallow a hormone (EGF) that facilitates gut healing when it binds the EGF-R. WGA (wheatgerm agglutinin) binds to the EGF-R in the gut preventing healing and mucus formation. It then passes into
systemic circulation. Once WGA is circulating in the bloodstream, it has the capacity to gain entry into any cell
expressing the EGF-R. WGA has effects on activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor, mitogenesis,
agglutination of red blood cells, activation of platelets and cell adhesion molecules, and on vascular permeability.
WGA also has several effects related to autoimmunity, allergy, and inflammation. WGA binds to several types of
mammalian cells including pancreatic-duct epithelial cells, prostatic cancer cells, arterial macrophages, arterial
smooth-muscle cells, glomerular capillary walls, and mesangial cells and tubules of human kidney. Chew your
foods well. Dont sip a drink when eating breads.
Human serum contains antibodies against WGA and the lectins of soybean and peanut. Hence, lectins have sufficient
properties to affect the leptin (a hormone made by fat cells that regulate appetite) system indirectly through effects on
metabolism central to the proper function of the leptin system, and possibly also directly through interaction with leptin
or the leptin receptor. Leptin resistance tends to high leptin levels, increased appetite, and weight gain. On the contrary, a
high leptin sensitivity will shut down the appetite and contribute to underweight and failure to thrive.
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Raw, cows milk is a rich source of epidermal growth factor (EGF). In contrast, the processing of milk to make
fermented-milk products will greatly reduce or destroy EGF, as it is unstable when exposed to heat, light (avoid
clear plastic bottles which causes losses of vitamin D and EGF), and acidity. By ingesting raw, cows milk, one
would be directly dosing with EGF, which then could compete with and displace WGA from the EGF receptors.
Further, EGF from raw, cows milk would facilitate gut healing leading to a reduction in the number of EGF
receptors elicited by the destructive effect of WGA on the gut lining. The net effect of additional EGF from
cows milk would be to impede entry of WGA into the bloodstream thereby improving vitamin D metabolism,
which in turn would reduce the incidence of rickets. The EGF in raw milk counters the rickets producing effects
of WGA from whole-wheat consumption. You see why we traditionally put milk on cereal?
When we eat foods containing these proteins, we invite lectin attachments to the structural carbohydrates (vital
sugars, and their receptors) found on the gut and immune-system cell surfaces. Our genetic make-up and state of
health will determine the lectins we are sensitive to, and how we react to them. Many people may not feel any
digestive disturbances, but that does not mean that they are not being affected for damage may be cumulative and
show up as pathology years later. Lectins attaching to the gut initiate inflammation that may express in other parts
of the body. The important point is that some of the lectins consumed in everyday foods act as chemical
messengers that can, in fact, bind to the cell-surface sugars in the gut, and in the blood and tissues, initiating an
inflammatory response. In wheat, gliadin, a component of gluten and an iso-lectin of wheat germ agglutinin
(WGA), is capable of activating NF kappa beta proteins which, when up-regulated, are involved in almost every
acute and chronic inflammatory disorder including neurodegenerative disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and
both infectious and autoimmune diseases. Because wheat has been selected for higher protein (doubling the
gluten), WGA needs more recognition as an important dietary problem. Scientific literature shows that dietary
lectins can dramatically reduce natural killer (NK) cell activity directly and through disruption of intestinal flora.
An additional secondary toxic effect of lectin, particularly PHA (found in beans), in the small intestine, which may
further reduce the efficiency of digestion and absorption of food, is a dramatic overgrowth of coliform bacteria
(Wilson et al., 1980; Pusztai et al., 1993a; Bardocz et al., 1996). The mechanism by which lectins promote
proliferation of coliforms, mainly Escherichia coli (E. coli), is not fully understood. However, it has been
established that, in relation to PHA, the bacterial proliferation arises primarily as a result of its effects on epithelial
cell metabolism (Pusztai, 1991; Pusztai et al., 1995). Indeed PHA-mediated mucus secretion, epithelial cell loss,
serum protein leakage, and reduced digestion of dietary protein possibly further aid bacterial proliferation by
providing a good source of nutrients (Grant, 1999). In consequence, the increase in bacterial numbers in the small
intestine may lead to overproduction of bacterial toxins, which also contributes to the worsening of animal health.
The fact that we possess these cell-surface sugars, such as N-acetylglucosamine, fucose, mannose, and others,
means that certain lectins that bind to those sugars (and their receptor sites) will affect us all (to different degrees).
Lectins from the diet damage the delicate intestinal lining (the microvilli), and negatively influence gut permeability
and protein digestion.
Glucosamine and Plant Lectins in Autistic Spectrum Disorders: An Initial Report on Six Children with
Uncontrolled Diarrhoea Authors: Danczak E. MB BS BSc Dip OccH a; H. Dip a
Results: Five of the children had relief of diarrhoea, the sixth had no change in bowel habit but ate bread containing
gluten without any change in behaviour. Conclusion: Gluten contains a plant lectin that binds glucosamine.
Glucosamine also binds to potato lectin (Solanum tuberosum agglutinin, STA) in the same manner and may protect
the gut in responsive children. This is reflected in a change in bowel habit, indicating a possible protective activity.
Researchers have long known that ingesting too much undercooked, lectin-bearing foods (especially rice and beans)
can cause nausea, diarrhea, and vomiting (Musta been something I ate). What they didnt know was how lectins
cause this food poisoning. Some lectins are resistant to cooking. As a side note, soaking beans overnight before
cooking them reduces the lectin content dramatically. Most people do not know why beans prepared this way makes
them easier to digest, but it is simply because the water-soluble lectins have been largely removed through the
changing of the water during soaking. Organic, sprouted-grain, bread products (with no added gluten) appear to be
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the safest and healthiest way to reap the nutritional benefit of grain without the lectin burdens. Modern wheat contains
far more lectins, as does GMO grain products (double amounts). Work published in PloS One shows that lectins
disable GI-tract cells (as mentioned above concerning saliva), which are constantly bombarded while digesting food,
preventing them from repairing tears in cells walls caused by all the activity. Repair normally occurs in seconds:
prompted by EGF, internal membranes move up to patch the tear, the cell recovers and the one-cell layer lining of the
GI tract remains intact. If those individual cells cannot repair tears, they die, says Dr. McNeil. That means you have
gaps in the integrity of the surface area of the epithelium (leaky gut) and you are exposing the nasty, internal world of
your GI tract to your blood supply. The epithelial lining is a continuous, natural barrier between the digesting food in
the GI tract and the blood supply. When intact, it allows only good stuff, like fully-digested nutrients (no peptides), to
pass through.
When damage is severe enough, Your body senses that lack of barrier function and tells you to eliminate the entire
contents of the GI tract, says Dr. McNeil, noting that lectins apparent role as a natural insecticide and as a source
of food poisoning are related. If you get vomiting and diarrhea you are going to eliminate the entire contents of
your gastrointestinal tract And, you are not going to eat red beans again the next day, right? The scientist, who
first identified how injured cells patch themselves, says lectin blocks this repair mechanism better than anything else
hes seen. Interestingly, he and his colleagues showed in PloS Biology in 2006 how roughage -- which includes
beans -- help people stay regular by causing more cell tears, which enables more mucus to escape from cells,
essentially greasing the GI tract. Avoid dosing with insoluble fiber like wheat bran.
That same research team, which includes Dr. Katsuya Miyake, MCG cell biologist, and Dr. Toru Tanaka,
pharmacologist at Josai University in Japan, has now shown lectin is also very good at blocking mucus expulsion
from cells. In fact, they discovered lectins role in stopping cell-patching and mucus release while researching
roughage. The multipurpose lectin is a powerful stain the team used to look at mucus released by cells after tearing.
They found if they used too much lectin there was no patching or mucus, just cell death.
Lectins are capable of being actively transported across the intestinal membranes into the general circulation
where they attach to sugars coating other tissues (connective, nervous, bladder, glandular) causing immune
dysfunction and systemic inflammation. Additionally, they contribute to food sensitivities (or food
intolerances), and provoke the immune system to make antibodies against them.
The effect of plant lectins transversing the gut barrier is not limited to antibody production but can also trigger
histamine release from basophils (Haas et al., 1999). Both oral and intranasal delivery of five plant lectins,
LEA, ML-1, PHA, WGA, and UEA-1, stimulated the production of specific serum IgG and IgA antibodies
after three intranasal or oral doses. Accordingly, 16 common lectins, particularly ConA, PHA, PSA, SNA and
LCA (Lens culinaris; lentil) were able to induce human basophils to secrete interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-13, the
key promoters of Th2 responses and IgE synthesis. Since lectins can enter the circulation after oral uptake,
they might play a role in inducing the so-called early IL-4 required to switch the immune response towards a
Th2 response and type I allergy.
Lectins are chemical messengers potent enough to initiate and aggravate existing inflammatory conditions
including autoimmune diseases (such as, thyroiditis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, fibromyalgia,
Type I diabetes, and pemphigus). Lectins affect metabolism by mimicking hormones like insulin, and blocking
digestive hormones like cholecystokinin (CCK) and secretin. This leads to an increase in appetite and impair
the release of digestive enzymes, potentially contributing to weight gain (CCK is a hormone involved in
appetite control). All of the hormonal influences on metabolism are affected by insulin, and thus, by lectins. In
many people, lectins found in lentils, green peas, corn, and potatoes, but especially wheat germ agglutinin
(WGA), are known to bind to the insulin receptor giving the fat cell the same message that insulin gives,
namely to make fat. The lectin, unlike insulin, due to a lack of feedback inhibition, remains indefinitely
attached to the receptor giving the cell a constant message to make fat!
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Lectins overstimulate polyamine production in the gut, which decreases the natural-killer-cell population and
contribute to bad-breath. Polyamines are endogenous growth factors that can overstimulate growth in the digestive
organs. Studies with animals that were fed lectins show increases in the size of the intestines, pancreas, and liver.
Potato lectin activates and degranulates both mast cells and basophils by interacting with the chitobiose core of IgE
glycans. Higher intake of potato may increase the clinical symptoms as a result of non-allergic, food hypersensitivity in
atopic (allergy prone) subjects. The release was inhibited specifically by oligomers of N-acetylglucosamine that bound
the lectin, and correlates well with serum total IgE levels (R(2) = 0.923). - PMID: 17362264. Potato lectin also binds
some bacterial cell wall oligosaccharides containing N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid.
Some lectins induce body fat catabolism and glycogen loss, leading to depletion of the body reserves (Grant
et al., 1987, 1995). Dietary PHA (beans), for instance, induces an increase in body lipid utilization. A
direct correlation between dietary PHA and increased amounts of urinary 3-hydroxybutyrate output of
rats was observed, providing a strong evidence for the occurrence of a PHA-dependent, increased
lipolysis (Oliveira et al., 1988). The lipid depletion occurred primarily from the adipose tissues whereas
little change was observed in liver lipid levels. In contrast, the glycogen content of the liver was halved
whereas the glycogen concentration in skeletal muscle was not significantly affected (Oliveira et al.,
1988; Pusztai, 1989). According to Pusztai et al. (1998), ML-1 reduced body fat reserves, probably
through depression of circulating insulin levels.
Dietary PHA also alters the rate of muscle protein synthesis without significantly affecting the rate of protein
degradation, resulting in loss of muscle weight (Palmer et al., 1987). It is possible that PHA circulating lectin
may have interacted directly with muscle cells leading to impairment of protein synthesis (Pusztai et al., 1989).
Alternatively, this effect may have been indirect and hormonally mediated (Pusztai, 1991). Moreover,
increased concentration of urinary N (mainly urea-N) was observed in PHA-fed rats suggesting
disturbances in the protein metabolism (Oliveira et al., 1988). Increased activities of liver glutamic
pyruvic transaminase (LGPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (LGOT), indicative of increased
catabolism of amino acids in the liver, were also observed when increasing amounts of dietary PLA
(Phaseolus lunatus;
lima bean) were fed to rats (Aletor and Fetuga, 1985).
In summary, dietary lectins seem to interfere with the overall metabolism of body lipids, protein, and
carbohydrate (Pusztai, 1991; Grant, 1999). Such effects may have a bearing upon hepatomegaly; if so,
such adverse effects upon this key organ would certainly contribute to the overall toxicity of dietary
lectins.
Since lectins have the ability to bind to amino sugars (glycoproteins) in the gut and on the intestinal cell surfaces,
by consuming an array of these friendly sugars (no longer in abundance in our diets), which are part of our
digestive makeup, sacrificial molecules are present to bind lectins and keep them from sticking to our cells,
where they cause damage. Supplementing with these sugars at the start of a meal allows for the binding of
potentially harmful lectins and their elimination through the gut. Besides this all-important lectin binding, the
sugars support health in numerous other ways outlined herein.
Mucins are a family of heavily glycosylated proteins that protectively line the digestive tract; thus, they have been
called digestive gatekeepers. Saliva contains mucin, which moistens and lubricates the food we eat. The dense sugarcoating of mucins makes them resistant to protein breakdown, which may be important in maintaining mucosal
barriers in the gut. Mucins protect against yeast, bacteria, and food sensitivities. Mucin has lectin-binding capacity. It
contains the sugars (mannose, fucose, N-acetylglucosamine) that lectins like to stick to, including Sialic (Nacetylneuraminic) acid. Researchers at Kumamoto University, Japan discovered that N-acetylneuraminic acid
blocks the release of histamine in respiratory allergic reactions also. Okra, a vegetable, provides a rich source of
lectin-binding, protective mucilage. It helps protect the digestive tract from lectins and harmful microorganisms. Like
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the other sugars discussed above, it also helps remove existing lectins that are already attached to cells. Okra, in
combination with the proteolytic enzyme pepsin, may help clear away excess mucous formed in the digestive tract as
a result of food intolerance or food allergy, thus allowing for better absorption of nutrients. Okra is often beneficial for
ulcers, colitis, malabsorption, and other intestinal problems. It essentially helps to cleanse the intestine.
N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) is the very specific form of glucosamine that binds the disruptive lectin called wheat
germ agglutinin (WGA), and the potato lectin (STA). NAG is a glycoprotein contributing to the total
glycosylation of the human body, which plays an important role in optimal body structure and biological
functions like immune regulation, inflammation, and cell signaling. This form of glucosamine is the most effective
for lectin-binding. One of NAGs most interesting abilities is its tendency to suppress the anti-Secretin effects of
the lectin WGA. Secretin is a digestive hormone that stimulates the pancreas to secrete pancreatic juice. The
lectin WGA has been shown to inhibit Secretin production by about 57%. However, administration of Nacetylglucosamine completely suppressed this effect!
Fucose is capable of binding to lectins and also to microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, and yeast. Fucose
receptors are favorite sugar-attachment sites on the surface of cells for Helicobacter pylori (the bacteria
responsible for ulcers and gastritis) and Candida albicans. Microbes like these must be able to attach and anchor
themselves to cells in order to become a problem. These sugars can help prevent re-infection by H. pylorri and
many gram-negative bacteria, which cause bladder infections, by flooding the bacterial, lectin receptors, thereby
preventing adhesion, the first step needed for infection. Therefore, supplementing fucose, mannose, and NAG
(found iin Advanced AmbrotoseR by Mannatech) is an anti-attachment therapy.
Recurrent infections and allergies are an indication of deficient IgA. Secretory IgA (sIgA) levels are elevated in the
presence of infection or overgrowth of unwelcome germs, but are depressed if the infection or overgrowth is excessive.
The incidence of selective IgA deficiency is 10 times higher in those with celiac disease than in the general population.
IgA protects the mucus membranes of the body; thus minimizing allergies. Comprehensive stool analysis often finds
below normal levels of Secretory IgAs in the gut. One of the first things you want to do is to balance these Secretory
IgAs so as to protect the first line of defense in the intestinal tract. Tribes that live mainly on animal protein have the
highest levels of IgA, and they almost never have infections according to Wolfgang Lutz who wrote the book on the
myth of carbohydrate. Secretory IgA (sIgA) can be managed with the introduction of friendly yeast called
Saccharomyces boulardii. This beneficially raises complement activation, macrophage activity, and increases sIgA. It is
also able to prevent adhesion and development of Candida albicans. Dosing is important as too enthusiastic a
programme can have detrimental effects on behaviour.Dr. Mike Ash, DO, ND, in Issue 13, The Autism File (UK). S.
boulardii also protects against Clostridia difficile and cholera, inactivates bacterial toxins, inhibits diarrhea, releases
beneficial polyamines, and supports the establishment of friendly bacteria by providing a lactic-acid environment (this is
vitally important if on Gf/Cf diet); thus, it helps to restore nutrient production and absorption capacity. S. boulardii
stimulates numerous intestinal brush border enzymes to maintain normal digestive functions, secretes many factors
including enzymes that may reduce dietary protein allergies following gastroenteritis and polyamines that stimulate brush
border hydrolases, proteases, and transport carriers. It stimulates D-glucose and sodium absorption and produces shortchain fatty acids such as butyrate and acetate that nourish colon mucosa. S. boulardii enhances the numbers of healthful
bifidobacteria in the colon while simultaneously suppressing populations of pathogenic clostridia. A high-count probiotic
supplement such as GI-Pro (Mannatech) or Pro-Bio Gold (Kirkman) would support that goal. Some claim to
get better results with Kyo-Dophillus (Wakunaga), a human strain of Acidophilus. Any probiotic must have at least
four-billion count and guarantee count to the expiration date. GI-Pro R supplies a 4-billion count of three bacteria, total:
12 billion count, and guarantees potency of live bacteria to expiration date.
IgA is found at very high levels in colostrum. The use of Bovine Colostrum should be very productive in
overcoming these chronic infections and allergies, and should be preferred to repeated courses of
antibiotics. When there is active infection, take a dose of colostrum every four hours around the clock
until symptoms are fully cleared. Consistent use of colostrum for three months will normally shift the
immune function back to a normal Th1 dominance. Transfer Factor has this effect also according to Dr.
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Ken Bock, MD, of Rhinebeck, N.Y.

Celiac disease, which is sometimes referred to as Celiac Sprue, Sprue, or gluten intolerance, makes it difficult
for the body to properly absorb nutrients from foods. Symptoms include various intestinal difficulties,
recurring abdominal bloating and pain, nausea, anemia, gas, tingling numbness in the legs, sores inside the
mouth, painful skin rash on elbows, knees, and buttocks, cramping, hives, joint/muscle pains and aches,
diarrhea, and constipation, among others. Untreated, celiac disease more than doubles the risk of contracting
certain stomach cancers. It is interesting to note that diseases that can be associated with celiac disease
include lactose intolerance, dermatitis herpetiformis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM),
systemic lupus erythematosus, thyroid disease, and autoimmune disorders. In fact, if you have dermatitis
herpetiformis (an itchy, blistery skin problem), you have celiac disease. Additionally, children with celiac
disease will have pale, foul-smelling, bulky stools, and suffer painful abdominal bloating. They fail to
grow and have iron-deficiency anemia. Adults often have the same symptoms. A new study published in
the July issue of the American Journal of Gastroenterology by Dr. Vincenzo Toscano and colleagues at the
Universita La Sapienza in Rome indicates that adolescent patients with celiac disease have elevated levels
of anti-thyroid and anti-pancreatic autoantibodies.
With celiac disease, we could never understand how a big protein (peptide) like gluten was getting
through to the immune system. Now, we have the answer, explains Dr. Fasano. People with celiac have
an increased level of zonulin, a protein which opens the tight junctions between the cells causing leaky
gut. In essence, the gateways are stuck open, allowing gluten, casein, lectins, and other allergens to pass
into the blood. Once these allergens get into the immune system, they are attacked by the antibodies,
adds Dr. Fasano. Research with diabetic rats supports these findings, Fasano added. In these animals, the
intestinal lining becomes more permeable before the autoimmune process begins, suggesting that
zonulin may be responsible for the onset of Type I diabetes as well. People with untreated celiac disease
are at increased risk for other autoimmune disorders such as diabetes, connective tissue diseases, some
types of thyroid disease, and hepatitis. In addition to Clostridia difficile, Vibrio cholerae, and Bacteroides
fragilis, gliaden (a component of gluten) has been found to induce this increased level of zonulin! This
understanding now replaces cellular mimicry or innocent bystander theories of autoimmune diseases
and provides for an effective way to deal with autoimmunities.
Shan simulated the digestive process, exposing gliadin to digestive enzymes in vitro. She identified a
protein fragment made up of 33-amino acids that resisted further digestion, and whose structure was
known to be toxic. Most proteins are broken down into small peptides - two and six amino acids or single
amino acids. The study was repeated in rats and in test tubes using tissue taken by biopsy from patients
undergoing unrelated medical care. Even with prolonged treatment (exposure to intestinal enzymes), the
peptide doesnt lose the ability to induce the inflammatory response, Shan said.
Looking more closely at the large gliaden fragment, they found that it was made up of smaller fragments
already known to induce human T-cells to attack the intestine. The team in Norway measured the ability
of the fragment to induce autoimmune activity. The response by T-cells was 10 to 20 times higher than
to the smaller peptides that make up the fragment, Shan said.
Because the fragment is rich in the amino acid proline, investigators reasoned that a peptidase (an enzyme
that breaks down proteins) with the ability to digest proline-rich chains might be able to break down the
gliadin fragment rendering it harmless to celiac patients. They have shown that this is the case in test
tubes and in rats. We think that this mode of therapy peptidase supplementation may offer hope in
treating celiac sprue. If so, it will successfully treat other autoimmune diseases. Kirkman makes an
enzyme supplement that may help.
If you are gliadin sensitive, and are off of the foods for 3-6 months, parasites can be activated that were once
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hiding in the holes as there can be mucous plugs that prevented their identification previously. So, if a
patient gets very sick and has various symptoms after a bout of feeling great being off gliadin, suspect
parasites and test accordingly.
One additional bit of advice: Never, ever let a child be vaccinated if he has had a recent infection/sickness, or is prone
to repeat infections with the related antibiotic courses. Early and high frequency rates of ear infection are associated
with greater severity of autism (J Autism and Dev Dis 17:585,1987). The children who have had three or more
antibiotic courses have a 4-times higher rate of adverse vaccine reaction. It is the ones vaccinated while suffering an
infection, or after a recent infection, that often regresses into autism. Be warned. It all has to do with the immune
function. Never accept a vaccine containing Thimerosal (dont believe the doctor, demand to see the insert), and
never accept more than one shot per day. To pump ten viruses with the related mercury, aluminum, and other toxins
into a child at one sitting is asinine and stupid, and should be criminal!
Yeast species like Candida are known to induce immune changes and to produce neurotoxins, and most autistic
children have yeast problems. Yeast binds the B-vitamins, and in absence of Bifidus flora, creates subclinical
pellagra and beriberi. Additionally, an underactive thyroid generates a B-vitamin deficiency causing homocysteine
levels to skyrocket. This lack of B-vitamins, particularly vitamin B6 will interfere with the production of
serotonin, melatonin, and other important neurotransmitters that control behaviorso normal brain chemistry in
the presence of yeast overgrowth or hypothyroidism is unlikely. However, researchers at the Cleveland Clinic
corrected thyroid function and saw homocysteine levels normalize on their own, without any need for
folate, B6, or betaine supplements. Clostridia, found in approximately 20% ASD patients, and other harmful
bacteria, also cause neurotoxic effects. These immunological changes (altered interleukins, cytokines, histamine,
neuro-hormones, and other immune factors) affect brain chemistry, especially in the cerebellar and sensory
components of the brain, and most autistic children have altered sensory perception. Reactions to clostridial
toxins in mice suggest that it enhances glutamate efflux, leading to seizure and hippocampal neuronal damage.
Many studies show that a high level of glutamate causes motor disturbances and changes in seizure threshold.
Komulain and Tuomisto (1981) found that methyl mercury, even in low concentrations, inhibited the reuptake in
synaptic nerve endings in the brain of the neurotransmitters dopamine, noradrenaline, and Serotonin exposing
them to destruction. This would be both excitotoxic and tend to deplete the available neurotransmitters. The
possibility of each of these imbalances should be examined, and, if present, corrected. Taurine counteracts the
actions of glutamate and cysteine sulfinic acid. Amino acid levels in plasma were measured by amino acid autoanalyzer in 130 convulsive children. The levels of taurine, serine, and tryptophan were significantly lower in
convulsive children as compared to normal controls; in contrast, isoleucine, homocystine, GABA, histidine,
arginine, and ammonia were higher.
Drugs that block dopamine and serotonin receptors (e.g., risperidone), or inhibit serotonin transport (e.g.,
Clomipramine) have been used to treat ritualistic and self-injurious behaviors in autistic individuals. Autistic children,
particularly those with severe hyperactivity and stereotypes, were found to have excess dopaminergic activity as
measured by high levels of homovanillic acid (HVA) in the CSF (Cohen et al 1977). Excess dopamine is a vitamin B 6
antagonist. In addition, autistic children lose more HVA (a metabolite of dopamine) in their urine than typical children.
Thus, it seems sensible that the administration of a dopamine antagonist such as risperidone or haloperidol to autistic
patients should result in a decrease of motor symptoms such as hyperactivity, fidgetiness, and stereotypes, thereby
facilitating behavior and learning. Chronic haloperidol treatment was able to reduce both the stereotypes, but often at the
terrible price of tardive dyskinesia. Should you choose this drug, be aware that it depletes CoQ10, glutathione, and
NADH. Supplementing Carnitine, Glutathione, and Alpha Lipoic Acid offsets the loss of NADH activity; however, one
should supplement NADH (ENADA) as well.
A high intake of vitamin B6 and magnesium with a good multivitamin/mineral supplement would likely reduce incidence
of tardive dyskinesia. Why rely on a drug with such devastating side effects? Furthermore, these dopamine antagonists
theoretically block receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic activity. I conclude that this is not necessarily a sign of excess
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dopamine supply, but of excess or overactive receptor sites. Likewise, the excess HVA, though possibly a sign of excess
dopamine supply, may be from mercury toxicity preventing reuptake, and or a lack of vitamin B6 and magnesium that
conserve dopamine from loss at the synapse. According to a Slovakian study, PycnogenolTM works by balancing stress
hormones, which in turn lowers adrenaline and dopamine, thereby improving childrens attention and reducing
hyperactivity. In a study of 57 nine-year-olds in Slovakia, 41 patients received Pycnogenol and 16 received a placebo for
one month. Stress hormones were measured in the children before, during, and after the treatment. Adrenaline was
reduced by about 26 percent while taking PycnogenolTM, and dopamine was reduced about 10 percent. Both rose again
when PycnogenolTM was discontinued. The findings acknowledge that children with ADHD have dramatically elevated
levels of stress hormones known to increase heart rate and blood pressure, causing excitement, arousal, and irritability, as
compared to children without ADHD symptoms. This observation applies to autistic children as well.
So,whyrelyondeadlydrugswhendopaminecanbecontrolledbydietandsupplements?Whenanxiousandfearful,
thesympatheticnervoussystemkicksin,orhavingbeenmadepredominant,anxietyistheresult.TheSympathetic
NervousSystemisbalancedbytheParasympatheticNervousSystem.TheoveractiveSympatheticissuppressedby
magnesiumandglycine,andthediminishedParasympatheticfunctionisstimulatedbypotassium.Hereweseeaneed
formagnesiumandpotassiumsupplementation.Magnesiumdeficiencyalsokeepspotassiumfrombeingreplenished
inthecell.MagnesiumandvitaminBdeficienciescauseareductionintheproductionofdopamineanditisalso
wastedfromthesynapse.Studiesinanimalshaveshownthatamagnesiumdeficiencycausesadepletionofbrain
dopaminewithoutaffectingbrainserotoninandnorepinephrine.AsupplementofmagnesiumandvitaminB 6willtend
toincreasedopamineproductionandreduceitslossfromthesynapse.ActivevitaminB6 increasesthecellular
absorptionofmagnesium,and,therefore,itworksinconcerttoconserveavailabledopamine.Theexcesshomovanillic
acidisasignofmercurytoxicitypreventingreuptakeintotheneurons,andamagnesiumdeficiencythatallowsfora
greaterthannormalbreakdownofdopamineinthesynapse.Asupplementoftyrosinewillrenewthedopamineinthe
neurons,butthisshouldnotbedoneuntilthelevelsofmagnesiumandvitaminB6havebeenreplenishedandeffortsto
lower mercury levels undertaken. Since homovanillic acid is one of the amines cleared by PST enzymes,
supplementingtyrosinebyaPSTchildmightbecounterproductiveuntilthishasbeenaccomplished.
Since a major consequence of this immune imbalance is allergy, it is good to note some frequent manifestations.
Toddlers have excessive infections. They whine, they pinch, they hit, they spit, they kick, and they bite in excess
between two and four years. They bite their siblings, their mother, in particular, and sometimes their father. They
have excessive temper tantrums. They have a lot of intestinal symptoms. They vomit clear mucous, and that means
milk allergy. They dislike being held. They say the same sentence over and over again. Theyre hyperactive,
fatigued, and they have bowel problems. These are characteristic symptoms that frequently are related to
something they ate, touched, or smelled. (You can often tame the Terrible Twos with a zinc supplementWSL.)
Any food can cause diarrhea, but the food thats most apt to cause constipation in any age group is milk and dairy
products. Abdominal complaints such as swelling, belching, bloating, rectal gas, that sort of thing, is the result.
Bad breath is almost always milk, wheat, and eggs. Bedwetting, after age five, if its related to a food, is due to
milk or its due to a fruit juice. Soiled underwear, when they leak, and they have a little bowel movement on their
pants all the time, is frequently due to grapes and raisins, but other foods can also cause it (like undigested fats,
shown by light-colored stoolWSL). Leg aches, called growing painstake the milk out of the diet for a week,
then add the milk back, and youll see that many leg aches are due to milk sensitivities. Again, there are other
causes for leg aches, but this is one of the causes. Clucking throat soundsthats a milk allergy. The potbelly is
very characteristic of people who have food allergies. There are many other causes; you may have parasites,
enzymatic dysfunction, or a malfunction in your gut, but one reason is allergies.
Learning, behavior problems, and depression: Young children four and five that want to kill themselves. Again, ask
what did they eat, touch, or smell? They have headaches. They make strange noises. They bark like dogs. They have
asthma, hay fever, and eczema. When a person eats a food that causes eczema, which is an itchy rash in the creases of
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the arms and the legs, the area will get red when youre eating the food, and the next day, they have the rash. So, theres
a delayed reaction, and that makes it difficult to put cause and effect together. But, if you watch the skin while theyre
eating, youll be able to tell when it feels red and hot and thats when theyve eaten a food to which they are sensitive.
The adolescents have intestinal problems. Depression and fatigue are much more common. They say they have a
ballooned, fuzzy head. They recognize that their heads not thinking, not feeling right. Their muscles and joints
ache. They frequently have an irregular heartbeat. Take your pulse. It should be nice and regular, if its irregular;
somethings wrong (it could be a lack of potassium or magnesiumWSL). What did you eat, touch, or smell?
Start to pay attention to your body, especially to your pulse. Its like a smoke alarm in a room. (Get The Pulse
Test by Dr. Arthur F. Coca, MDWSL.)
Irritability and aggressiveness in adults are very common. I believe that much batteringwife battering, husband
battering, sibling battering, mother batteringI think a lot of that is due to unrecognized sensitivities to foods and
chemicals, and things of that sort. Now, the adults tend to be too tired. The women, in particular, cry easily, and are
very depressed. Many times, they are moody and easily upset.(edited) Dr. Doris Rapp, MD.
Another cause of gas, bloating, diarrhea, and pain associated with irritable bowel is fructose intolerance. When
fructose (added to everything these days) is not absorbed it passes into the lower intestines undigested, and is
fermented by certain bacteria. This produces methane gas that then produces these symptoms. Supplementing with
bifidobacterium can help to alleviate this gas build up and stop diarrhea. Use a supplement that supplies four billion
or more count. Nevertheless, one should restrict the intake of fruit and of foods with added fructose. High fructose
intake, particularly in the form of high-fructose corn syrup, causes a rise of both uric and lactic acid that creates
insulin resistance at cell receptors (Syndrome X), eventually causing high blood pressure and diabetes. This same
syndrome is created, over time, by any high carbohydrate intake, but high-fructose corn syrup is particularly nasty.
Aggressiveness and self-injury behavior can sometimes reduce rapidly as a result of anti-fungal treatment. Aggression
has also been connected to both too much and too little magnesium. Usually, it is too little. Magnesium controls the
breakdown and loss of serotonin in the synapse, and it is the best calcium channel blocker.
Research shows that it is the magnesium status that controls cell membrane potential and through this means controls
uptake and release of many hormones, nutrients, and neurotransmitters. It is magnesium that controls the fate of
potassium, sodium, and calcium in the cell. In the gut, however, it is calcium that is the 800-pound gorilla, and it will
prevent absorption of magnesium, manganese, iron, and zinc. Unless there are sufficient anions such as lactates from
milk or malates from apples (Apple Cider Vinegar), calcium also will combine with phosphate and both will be excreted.
Clearly, these minerals should be taken at different times, yet they are often packaged together. Take a bit of apple-cider
vinegar or milk with your calcium supplements. If magnesium is insufficient in the blood, calcium will enter the cell
excessively causing spasms and cramps, and it will be deposited in the soft tissues (kidneys, arteries, joints, brain, etc.). In
the heart, at least, potassium similarly controls the amount of calcium entering the heart cells. Thus, calcium, magnesium,
and potassium play off one another to control the force, rate, and regularity of the heartbeat.
One with slow metabolism will tend to deposit calcium in soft tissues even when no milk products are used. Giving
calcium will slow metabolism further. Potassium and calcium will be lost in the urine. Calcium is often low because
potassium is high, so giving calcium is a way of lowering potassium and slowing a fast metabolism. This will
often offer tremendous relief to one suffering insomnia, for such frequently have high potassium. Overwork and
stress, mental rigidity (fanaticism), and foods like avocado and shrimp will raise calcium levels above normal for
some people leading to overweight, fatigue, and depression even if not supplementing calcium. Supplementing
calcium may excessively lower phosphorus (creating tooth decay), potassium, and magnesium. A supplement of
molybdenum will strengthen tooth enamel, reducing decay. If you have chronic dry skin, you generally are a slow
metabolizer and do not need extra calcium. One with beautiful skin may well be a fast metabolizer, and taking
calcium will slow metabolism and help retain the beautiful skin. This skin test is not totally accurate, but very
indicative. A serum calcium test is not a reliable indicator of calcium sufficiency. You can still have not enough in the
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bones or too much in tissues. It is important to note that magnesium may test normal in the serum, yet be depleted
in the muscle cells, hence cramps and spasms.
Magnesium protects the cell from aluminum, mercury, lead, cadmium, beryllium, and nickel. Evidence is mounting
that low levels of magnesium contribute to the heavy-metal deposition in the brain that precedes Parkinsons, Multiple
Sclerosis, and Alzheimers. It is probable that low, total-body magnesium contributes to heavy-metal toxicity in
children, and it is a participant in the etiology of learning disorders.
Inaddition to allergy oropioid production, it has been foundthat milk and dairy can actually
causeamicroscopicbloodlossintheintestinebyareactiveinflammationofthebowel.This
canleadtoanemia.Curiously,achildthatmightgoberserkonmilkmaynothaveareactionto
processed cheese. When the protein structure is changed, the food will not give as large an
allergicreaction.Unlessachildhaseczemawhereyolkoreggistriggeringoffaskinreaction,
forsomereasontheimmunepathwayfiredoffbyeggsdoesntseemtoplayaroleinwhatweare
talkingaboutinthebrain.Irarelyhavetoworryabouttakingachildoffofeggs,eventhoughyou
mayhavethis hugereactiononthefoodscreenDr.MichaelGoldberg.Recentinformation
fromDr.Shawrelatingtoneedofcholesterolinasubsetofchildrenwouldindicatetheneedfor
eggsinthediet.
Weve mentioned PST and now the phenols, lets take a look at these enzymes that break down environmental and
endogenous toxins: there are two forms of PST (11 members have been identified) that are specific for the
sulfation of small phenols (PST-P) and monoamines (PST-M). Phenolic acids have been reported to have
important biological and pharmacological properties and are beneficial to human health, but an excess is
very neurotoxic. In the present study, human platelets were used as a model to investigate the influence of
13 phenolic acids on human PST activity, and to evaluate the relationship to their antioxidant activity. The
results showed that chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid (vanilla), sinapic
acid, and caffeic acid (many fruits and vegetables - inhibits also 5-LO and leukotriene biosynthesis)
significantly (p 0.05) inhibited the activities of both forms of PST by 21-30% at a concentration of 6.7
microM (perhaps best avoided). The activity of PST-P was enhanced (p 0.05) by p-hydroxybenzoic acid,
gallic acid (tea), gentisic acid (gentian), o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, and m-coumaric acid
(coumaric is largely in perfumes) at a concentration of 6.7 microM, whereas the activity of PST-M was
enhanced by gentisic acid, gallic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and ferulic acid (related to vanillin). The
phenolic acids exhibited antioxidant activity as determined by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity
(ORAC) assay and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay, especially gallic acid, phydroxybenzoic acid, gentisic acid, and coumaric acid, which had strong activity. The overall effect of
phenolic acids tested on the activity of PST-P and PST-M was well correlated to their antioxidant activity
of ORAC value (r = 0.71, p 0.01 and r = 0.66, p 0.01). These observations suggest that antioxidant
phenolic acids might alter sulfate conjugation. End. Since PST children react very adversely to coumaric
acid in perfumes, I suggest the enhancement spoken of is not beneficial enhancement, but the efforts of
the body to rid itself of these potentially poisonous substances.
Subsequent molecular-genetic experiments revealed the existence of three human PST genes, two of which,
SULT1A1 and SULT1A2, encode proteins with TS (thermal-stable) PST-like activity. We recently reported
common nucleotide polymorphisms for SULT1A1 that are associated with variations in platelet TS-PST activity
and thermal stability. We also present new data on the inhibition of SULT1A enzymes by dietary chemicals,
showing that compounds to which we are exposed regularly, such as epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin
gallate (from green tea, usually thought to be great as supplements) are extremely potent inhibitors of phenol
sulfotransferases (K(i) in the nanomolar range for SULT1A1). We found that the mechanism of inhibition by
these chemicals varied depending on the individual isoform involved, showing uncompetitive inhibition of
SULT1A1 whereas with SULT1A2 and -1A3 they demonstrated mixed-type inhibition. Thus, genetic78

environmental interactions may play an important role in modulating sulfotransferase activity and in determining
individual response to chemicals metabolized by these important enzymes.
Sulfation is an intriguing pathway of thyroid hormone metabolism since it facilitates the degradation of the
hormone by the type-1 deiodinase (D1). This study reports the preliminary characterization of iodothyronine
sulfotransferase activities of human liver cytosol and recombinant rSULT1C1 and hSULT1A1 isoenzymes. All
these enzyme preparations catalyzed the sulfation of - in decreasing order of efficiency - 3,3-diiodothyronine
(3,3-T2), 3,3,5-triiodothyronine (T3), approximately 3,3,5-triiodothyronine (rT3), and thyroxine (T4).
Different phenol derivatives were found to be potent inhibitors of the sulfation of 3,3-T2 by native and
recombinant sulfotransferases, with pentachlorophenol and 2,4,6-tribromophenol being the most potent. In
addition to deiodination, iodothyronines are metabolized by conjugation of the phenolic hydroxyl group with
sulfate or glucuronic acid. Sulfation and glucuronidation are so-called Phase II detoxication reactions, the
general purpose of which is to increase the water-solubility of the substrates and, thus, to facilitate their biliary
and/or urinary clearance. However, iodothyronine sulfate levels are normally very low in plasma, bile, and urine,
because these conjugates are rapidly degraded by D1 enzymes, suggesting that sulfate conjugation is a primary
step leading to the irreversible inactivation of thyroid hormone. This would indicate that children with PST
malfunction will have the thyroid hormones adversely affected.
There is evidence of immune suppression on exposure to testing doses of phenols (see PST). There may be a drop
in T-suppressor cells or total T-cell numbers. An overabundance of B-cells was interpreted as a reflection of toxic
image to the immune system. An increase in helper cells, antibody formation, and elevation of some
immunoglobulins was also noted. Other findings on phenolic exposure have been depressed serotonin, elevated
histamine and prostaglandins, abnormal complement, and immune-complex formation. Phenol is a known
carcinogen with a special affinity for the brain. Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, and the amino acid tyramine (formed
from tyrosine metabolism that produces dopamine) are phenolic compounds that are strongly vasodilative;
however, they lower the pressure (in the gut) at which peristalsis begins; thus, peristalsis is increased in the intestine
(tending to diarrhea) and distribution of blood is altered because of sensitizing smooth muscles to epinephrine,
norepinephrine, and other physiological stimulants. (Low EPA levels [Omega-3 fatty acid] will also increase
smooth muscle contraction leading to hypertension [High Blood Pressure], asthma, painful menstruation, and
irritable bowel. Additionally, there may be depression, impulsive behavior, hostility, angry outbursts, and cynical
ideas.) An important property of phenolic hydroxyl groups is their acidity, which is due to the propensity for the
bond between the oxygen and hydrogen to break to form the corresponding negatively-charged phenoxide ion.
This would cause systemic acidosis, it seems. Most natural antioxidants, such as Coenzyme Q10 and Vitamins C &
E are phenolic in nature. Children may crave foods containing phenolic compounds or their derivatives. These
compounds are also present in plastics, paper, and rubber, so you may see your child chewing these substances. It
can contribute to the toxic overload in PST, or it can precipitate an allergic reaction. Hot cocoa has two to three
times more phenols in it than other foods or red wine! Do not give it to a PST child, that is, to a child lacking full
Phase II liver function.
These alterations in normal body chemistry are largely due to a damaged, chronically-irritated
gastrointestinal tract largely caused by vaccinations, heavy metals (particularly mercury), antibiotics
(resulting Candida and bacterial overgrowth), chronic viral infections, and milk. While it is important
to remove the allergens and to deal with the yeast, the single most effective, least expensive, way to treat the
cause and not the secondary symptoms could be homeopathy. I know the principles of homeopathy offend
reason and the good American Way, more is better. With homeopathy, less is more. There are forces we
do not begin to comprehend working in this body, and homeopathy is working with one. Find a skilled
homeopath, and ask him to clear the vaccine damage and resultant virus infections, and the heavy metals
poisoning. You will be amazed at the simplicity and the relatively low cost, and immediate results, though
there is some temporary regression with each course. This will restore the immune function to balance, and
then other necessary, nutritional and behavioral interventions will be more effective. Until you have done this,
other efforts will be very expensive and not fully effective.
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One long ignored but remarkably effective, relatively inexpensive, system of overcoming many of the chronic
infections that we have discussed to this point is Ultraviolet Blood Irradiation (UBI). Some Autistic children are
responding well to it. Also known as photoluminescence, photopheresis, photodynamic therapyUBI is a process of
exposing a small amount of blood to ultraviolet light to stimulate the immune system to destroy all pathogens,
whether viral, bacterial, fungal, or cancerous cells/tumors, and their toxins. UBI is time-testedin use for over 75
years by physicians around the world. There are no known side effects, and the therapy creates a strong immune
response. Additionally, there is significant elevation of blood oxygen levels, which in most cases remain optimized for
over a month after therapy. Blood oxygen levels are perhaps the most important fundamental element in ones health.
Viruses, bacteria, and cancerous cells cannot sustain themselves in a well-oxygenated environment. Not only are
pathogens killed by UBI, but perhaps more importantly, biological toxins are cleared: tetanus, botulism, snake venom,
bee stings, and bacterial and fungal toxinsare all rapidly cleared by UBI.
Around 1880, some clinics in England were using externally applied UV light with phenomenal success in
treatment of disease. In 1928, one Emmitt K. Knott, a scientist in Seattle, ran some experiments on exposing
the blood to UVC rays in the treatment of women with severe bacterial infections that were not responding
to the sulfa preparations and were condemned to die. After one or two UBI exposures, the patients
symptoms completely subsided within 24 hours!
A doctor or nurse withdraws about 100-180 mls of whole blood that enters a small, quartz-glass chamber that
exposes the blood to the UV rays. As the syringe fills with blood, the irradiated blood is returned into the patient.
It was originally thought the germicidal properties of UVCwhich are well understood in sciencewere
responsible for the miraculous cures of infection. Closer inspection showed that is not all that is happeningwe
are talking photonic energya powerful thing indeed. It is thought that the irradiated portionabout 1/25th of
ones bloodcarries the primary UV rays into the untreated portion of the blood and that the secondary
radiation is produced in this way. The effect is physical, then chemical, and finally biological.
In 1939, Dr. George Miley, MD, made a study of 97 blood irradiation treatments given to people suffering
from various diseases. His observations:
1. A 58% increase in the venous oxygen content in ten minutes.
2. A 9% decrease in venous oxygen after a half hour.
3. A 50% increase in venous oxygen one hour to one month after treatment.
Dr. Mileya practitioner of thousands of UBI treatments in the 1940smade this comment about Emmitt
Knott, I think personally, that this is one of the greatest contributions to medicine ever made by a citizen of
the United States. For in-depth discussion by one who has used this protocol, obtain Into the Light by
William Campbell Douglass, MD.

Leaky Gut
In a test of 36 autistic children reported by Repligen Corporation, 75% had a greater than normal pancreatic response to
Secretin infusion, especially among those with diarrhea (whose stool improved in consistency for several weeks
afterward). These children are probably producing too little Secretin, and thus receptor sites have proliferated. Human
Secretin receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is functionally linked to the cAMP second messenger system by
stimulation of adenylate cyclase (Ng et al, 1999). When given Secretin, there is overactivity of the pancreas. Intravenous
Secretin causes a five-fold increase in the output of IGF-1 in pancreatic fluid. They also documented a pattern of
intestinal inflammation (esophagitis, gastritis, and duodenitis that would greatly hinder absorption of nutrients) in the
majority. The most frequent gastrointestinal complaints were chronic diarrhea, gaseousness, and abdominal discomfort
and distention. Histologic examination in these 36 children revealed grade I or II reflux esophagitis in 25 (69.4%) with
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symptoms of wakefulness with irritability or crying, pressing of the lower abdomen, and diarrhea. Chronic gastritis was
detected in 15, and chronic duodenitis in 24. Low intestinal carbohydrate digestive enzyme (amylase) activity was
reported in 21 children (58.3%), although there was no abnormality found in pancreatic function. Thirty-nine percent
were deficient of the enzyme Lactase, and thus had digestive problems with milk, with bloating, gaseousness, and a
loose stool (these symptoms can be alleviated with a digestive enzyme supplement containing amylase and lactase).
None showed signs of Helicobacter Pylori infection, or of fungal or bacterial overgrowth even in the one-third
with suspected fungal or bacterial overgrowth based on urine acid test results.
Dr. Karoly Horvath reported low levels of disaccharide/glucoamylase enzymes, and suggests that carbohydrate
malabsorption may be the cause of the gastrointestinal symptoms seen, including abdominal pain, gas, bloating,
and chronic diarrhea (loose stools). He also found 14 of 21 children had low lactase activity. He documented
reflux esophagitis in 69.4%, chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa in 41.7%, and chronic duodenal
inflammation in 66.7%. Further, a high carbohydrate (high insulin), low fat, high glycemic diets (and stress)
promote inflammation because GLA is being driven toward arachidonic acid by the activating effect of insulin in
overwhelming the inhibitory effect of EPA upon the Delta-5 Desaturase enzymes. High insulin levels also lower
blood testosterone in men by 10%! Remove the child from his high-glycemic, high-carbohydrate diet and
supplement a good digestive enzyme such as Kirkmans EnzymAidtm or Mannatechs GI-ZymeR.
A recently discovered inhibitor of Delta-5 desaturase is Sesame lignans. It also enhances production of DGLA.
When combined with fish oil, DGLA levels rise dramatically. Life extension Foundation supplies Super Omega-3
with Sesame lignans. This would greatly reduce the need for Evening Primrose to supply GLA/DGLA. Sesame
lignans also inhibit production of dangerous cytokines, such as TNF and IL-6, and suppress free radicals that
increased DHA creates. Sesame lignans also enhance levels of vitamin E and DHA. These kids also desperately
need a digestive enzyme supplement, but may first need Bromelain, an effective anti-inflammatory enzyme shown
to reduce inflammation by 60%. Even more effective would be Vitalzym that supplies both anti-inflammatory
and digestive activities.
Your doctor has probably forgotten a simple, inexpensive, urine test that he can make in office that uncovers toxic
bacteria. Ask for a urinary indican test. Indican is created when harmful bacteria in the bowel ferment the
essential amino acid tryptophan. If the indican test is positive, decrease intake of sugar and high glycemic
carbohydrates because eating these things encourage overgrowth of many types of unfriendly critters, including
Candida. Supplement friendly flora to crowd out the nasties.
This inflamed gut (dubbed Leaky Gut because it has become porous allowing large, food particles of both
partially digested protein [peptides] and undigested starch to pass unnaturally into the blood) produces a
number of symptoms. Increased intestinal permeability (IP) may reflect damage to the microvilli, which can
reduce levels of lactase, the enzyme needed to digest milk sugar, eventually triggering osmotic diarrhea.
Once this disease process starts, small bowel mucosal damage, indicated by higher IP ratios, remains an
important factor associated with increased acidosis, hypokalemia (lack of potassium), iron deficiency,
dehydration, and parasitic infection.
Actually, the dehydration, often caused by excessive amounts of sugar in the form of wheat and other grains, bread,
and any form of sugar including fruit juices, causes a breakdown of the mucosal surfaces leading to the leaky gut
syndrome and all forms of allergies. Once dried out, there is no mucosal protection against the ever-present yeast,
molds, bacteria, pollens, and various allergens. It is vital that you increase the childs intake of water in most instances.
Drinking a glass of water 30 minutes before eating increases the mucosal film significantly.
Sucrose (table sugar) leaks into the blood, and this abnormal sugar in the blood stream causes a host of
problems. Sugar increases the amounts of calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and glycosaminoglycans in the urine. Particles
[especially from milk (casein) and grains (gluten/gliadin)] called peptides pass through the Leaky Gut, and
activate the immune system (Leukocytosis) creating many allergic symptoms, and also creating opioids in the
81

brain that cause much of the weird behavior. Dermorphin, and other opioid-like peptides, can reduce
stomach acid output (by inhibiting a zinc-bearing enzyme needed to make HCl), and change emptying time
for the stomach, and therefore, hamper digestion. Undigested particles of undercooked grain starches pass
into the blood and to the capillaries where they slow and clog blood circulation. Collateral circulation is likely
enough to keep the organ functioning, but in the brain, neurons may be lost. Eating enzyme-deficient
(cooked) foods also causes Leukocytosis (Paul Kautchakoff, MD). The immune system has to digest the
foods! This is why digestive enzymes are so vital to break down these protein and starch particles before they
reach the gut.
As mentioned, Shan, et al, found that gliadin is not broken down completely by pancreatic enzymes, but a
proline-rich fragment (a large molecule) is left that still causes leaky gut and adversely affects the bowel
in celiac patients. Because the fragment is rich in the amino acid proline, investigators reasoned that a
peptidase (an enzyme that breaks down proteins) with the ability to digest proline-rich chains might be
able to break down the gliadin fragment, rendering it harmless to celiac patients. They have now shown
that this is the case in test tubes and in rats. DipeptidylpeptidaseIV (DPP-IVfound in milk) digests
proline-rich peptides (www.kirkmanlabs.com).
This abstract shows the problem with casein is the same and responds to the same solution DPP-IV!
Complementary action of dipeptidyl peptidase IV and aminopeptidase M in the digestion of -caseinA
heymann e [PubMed] [Google Scholar], mentlein r [PubMed] [Google Scholar], Eberhard Heymanna1
and Rolf Mentleina1. Biochemisches Institut, Fachbereich Medizin, Universitt Kiel, D-2300 Kiel, FRG
Abstract
Purified bovine -casein was digested in vitro with varying mixtures of purified proteinases and
peptidases including trypsin, chymotrypsin, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV), aminopeptidase M and
prolidase. In digestion mixtures without DP IV the yield of free amino acids was considerably lower than
in the corresponding assays with this peptidase. Especially, the release of proline increases drastically
from almost zero to the theoretical amount in the presence of DP IV. Quantitative results indicated that
the specificities of the two microvillar peptidases (aminopeptidase M and DP IV) optimally
complemented each other. This effect elucidates the hitherto obscure physiological role of intestinal DP
IV. A similar effect may also apply to other caseins and nutritional proteins. (Accepted Nov. 18, 1985)
Substance P is a known natural DPP-IV substrate [Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
260 (1992) 1257]. That is, this enzyme acts upon Substance P (pain transmitter). Should it be deemed
desirable, capsaicin also has been shown to reduce the levels of Substance P, probably by reducing the
number of C-fibre nerves, or causing these nerves to be more tolerant. Additionally, Oral papain seems
to protect against the toxic effect of gluten (Messer & Baume, 1976), however, it is important to
eliminate gliaden from the diet where possible for it is a powerful Lectin. Thats quite a commitment, no
gliadin for life. Taking Seacure, a white-fish protein product that is pre-digested will supply you with
high-quality, digestable protein during the first aix-months of your gut healing. Other aids may be
Hawthorne berry, folic acid, and vitamin B12.
Dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-IV) is a protein that has multiple functions in the body. It is known under
different names depending on where it is found. When DPP-IV is on the surface of the T-cell (lymphocyte),
it is called CD26, and supports immune function. When this enzyme is found on and imbedded on the
epithelial brush-border, mucosal membrane of the intestinal tract lining it is known as DPP-IV. The
importance of DPP-IV is that it has primary function in breaking down casein and side chain activity in
breaking down gluten. Thus, the use of a DPP-IV containing enzyme will support the digestion of caseincontaining milk products as well as the gliadin in gluten-containing grains.
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Mothers are often perplexed when, having been on Gf/Cf for a period, they find high levels of peptides still present.
When a person goes Gf/Cf the body takes the opportunity to dump these things in the blood/urine again. That is
why we see them in the urine for some time afterwards. In celiac literature, it speaks of taking seven years to totally
clear the system! Treatment of the latter (Candida) with conventional, synthetic, antifungal agents often
causes impairment of liver detoxification functions, and a decrease in synthesis of phosphosulfotransferase, an enzyme necessary to cleave food proteins, e.g., casein, into smaller easily absorbable
peptides.Dr. Hugh Fudenberg, MD. Thus, fungicides exacerbate the opioid problem, and increase the potential
for toxicity in PST kids. Of utmost significance is the observation that those eating soy proteins or drinking
soymilk may also have high peptide readings in their urine. Soy proteins are used extensively as emulsifiers,
binders, and stabilizers in meat, poultry, snack foods, sausage, frozen spaghetti, and whipped toppings.
Textured vegetable protein is soy-based, and many meat substitutes are soy-based. It has been found that
those on soy may have high values of gliadorphin and casomorphin, presumably because of peptides from
soy that are similar or identical to those in gluten or casein (Zhang XZ, Wang HY, Fu XQ, Wu XX, Xu GL.
Bioactive small peptides from soybean protein. Anri NY, Acad Sci 1998 Dec 13, 864: 640-5. Additionally,
hypoallergenic soy formulas contain very high levels of MSG. Never feed an infant soy formula. See
www.truthinlabelingorg/formulacopy.html for further details.
Additionally, those on SerenAid or EnzymAid may show high peptide values in the urine. This may be
because these products are interfering with the test.
Are the symptoms being suffered symptoms of autism, or of malnutrition, toxicity, and immune changes
induced by that chronically inflamed, out of balance, gastrointestinal tract? Can nutritional intervention
ameliorate these autistic symptoms?

Digestion 101
Digestion begins in the mouth. Here foods are to be chewed until totally fluid, thus mixing ptyalin and other
enzymes necessary to digestion of starch with the food. No fluids should be taken during chewing.
Furthermore, thorough mastication of food may nourish the gut by providing it with salivary Epidermal
Growth Factor (EGF) that is healing to the epithelial lining of the gut. Purified Epidermal Growth Factor has
been shown to heal ulceration of the small intestine.
The food then passes to the stomach where it is thoroughly mixed and ground down to smaller pieces,
separated and held back as required for proper digestion. It may be held for an hour while starches continue to
digest. Food ready for digestion passes to the lower stomach, the pyloric antrum, where most digestion takes
place. This highly sensitive area of the stomach controls the acidity of the stomachs digestive juices. Secretions
of the parietal cells into the stomach create the acid necessary to the breakdown and digestion of proteins and
fiber. Acting as a thermostat, its G-cells secrete varying amounts of gastrin into the blood that signals the H2
cells of the upper stomach to produce more or less acid as needed. Histamine acts on the H2 receptors of the
upper stomachs parietal cells empowering them to produce hydrochloric acid (HCl) when called for by gastrin.
Its interesting to note that the acid is actually produced in the stomach by the mixing of chemicals secreted by
these cells. Acetylcholine, released by the nerves, also affects the amount and timing of HCl production. Stress
and emotions, then, also affect HCl production. Zinc, sodium, potassium, and chloride are required in optimal
amounts for production of HCl. If these things are not happening, your child may refuse meat, or will not
digest it well, producing ammonia. He may also suffer acid reflux damaging his esophagus (in 67.4%). These
same cells also release Intrinsic factor necessary to utilization of vitamin B12.
Its of interest to note that sodium bicarbonate/base is made as the stomach makes hydrochloric acid. This is
carried by the blood stream to the salivary glands, the gall bladder system, glands in the pylorus (the part of the
intestine the stomach is connected to), and the pancreas. These are the alkaline glands of the body and
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essentially, they neutralize the acid contents of the stomach. Should the saliva pH not be raised by one point
while eating, I would take that as an indication of a lack of HCl production.
This dislike for meat, or a loss of taste, could indicate cellular distress and possibly cancer, or a lack of
hydrochloric acid, or a copper or ammonia toxicity, or a zinc deficiency, for zinc controls the enzyme that
makes HCl. Because there is a strong association between protein and zinc content in virtually all foods,
insufficient protein intake, or emphasis on fish and fowl or vegetarianism, may often be the cause of zinc
deficiency. The food additive tartrazine (Yellow dye #5) is found to act directly as a zinc-chelating agent,
and it blocks vitamin B6 by binding B6 dependent enzymes as does insecticides, Theophylline (asthma
drug), benzene, and hydrazine. Vitamin B6 is vital to zinc and magnesium utilization. Zinc is an essential
component of about 70 metalloenzymes (including dehydrogenases lactate, malate, alcohol, and
glutamate), alkaline phosphatase, carbonic anhydrases, carboxypeptidase A and B, metallothionein, and
DNA and RNA polymerases. Zinc is thus widely found in relatively high concentrations throughout the
body. Zinc and magnesium both play a specific role in protein synthesis. A deficiency of these metallic
nutrients will affect protein synthesis. A deficiency has far reaching consequences. Niacin is also involved
in protein synthesis. It functions in conjunction with zinc as a coenzyme in DNA polymerase. Research by
Hsu studied the effects of only one nutrient deficiency, zinc, on the levels of free amino acids in urine,
plasma, and skin. When there was a zinc deficiency, there was an inability for the body to metabolize all of
the available amino acids consumedthus they were excreted into the urine as waste. Thus, the level of
zinc in the body determines the overall ability of the cells to produce new protein for growth.
Studies show that a marginal zinc deficiency reduces serum testosterone levels by 50% in adults. This adversely
affects muscle tone and strength as well as digestion and utilization. Acrodermatitis enterophatica is presently the most
well recognized, human, zinc-responsive syndrome attributable to an inherited defect of zinc absorption. However,
there are also a variety of other conditions that have been found to respond to zinc therapy, such as idiopathic
hypogeusia (loss of sense of smell from no known cause), improvement in wound healing, gastric ulcers, acne,
rheumatoid arthritis, as well as dyslexia. Zinc controls the release of vitamin A from the liver. An inadequate zinc
nutriture has been linked with a variety of immune deficiency disorders, including cancers in both animals and in
humans. However, after treatment for thyroid dysfunction, normalization of zinc in red blood cells naturally occurs,
lagging about 2 months behind normalization of plasma T4 and T3 levels (Yoshida 1996; Varga, 1994), hence its
importance in determining duration of pre-existing thyroid disease. This is a clear sign that many cases of zinc
deficiency are NOT caused by an actual nutritional lack of zinc, but by thyroid dysfunction. Incidentally, the
symptoms of zinc deficiency are identical to the ones ascribed to hypothyroidism. Fluoride causes zinc deficiency.
Incidentally, one study showed that supplementing 20 mg of zinc increased the childrens hand-eye coordination, the
memory of abstract images, and their ability to remember a list of words.
Complex nitrogen (protein) metabolism appears to flourish in children with seizures, developmental delay, and
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) involving not only Nitric Oxide (NO), but nitrogen retention as a whole
(described previously as purine autism by Mary Coleman). Kids presenting with suppression of carbon dioxide
(CO2) may shun nitrogen rich foods due to the formation of ammonia (an alkaline compound of nitrogen and
hydrogen) leading to a state of hyperammonemia. Excitotoxic effects of ammonia are augmented by increased
synthesis of nitric oxide (NO), which is associated with N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDAexcitatory) receptor
activation and/or increased synaptic transport of arginine. High levels of NO are a consequence of excitotoxin
damage. Excess NO has been shown to inhibit sulfation of GAGs. The behavior associated with excess
NO/ammonia production in the autist is maniacal laughter. Other symptoms reported by Dr. Amy Yasko include
flapping tremors of extended arms, disorientation, brain fog, hyperactive reflexes, tremors of hands, paranoia, panic
attacks, memory loss, hyperventilation (often with decreased CO2), and Central Nervous System toxicity.
Hyperammonemia means that ammonia, instead of being discharged by the liver, is recirculated into the
blood stream. It is apparently caused by a deficiency of four Amino Acids: Citrulline, Aspartic Acid,
Threonine, and Arginine. Vegetarians are especially susceptible to Hyperammonemia because of the lack of