Heat Balance

Heat Input

Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4

Q5

Q6
Q7

Q8
Q9
Q10
Q11
Q12
Q13
Q14
Q15
Q16

Heat Output

Heat Input
Combustion heat of Fuel.
Sensible heat of Raw Meal.
Sensible heat of Fuel.
Sensible heat of Air.
i. Primary air.
ii. Secondary air.
iii. Tertiary air.
iv. ByPass Quench air.
Sensible heat of Cooing Water.
i. ByPass Cond. Tower.
ii. Clinker Crusher.
iii. Cooler.
Heat Output
Clinker heat of formation.
Heat loss with preheater exit gas.
i. Exit gas.
ii. Evaporation of water.
iii. Dust.
iv. CO.
Heat loss with bypass exit gas.
i. Bypass gas.
ii. Evaporation of water from cond. Tower.
Heat loss with bypass dust.
Heat loss with clinker crusher water.
Heat loss with clinker.
Heat loss with cooler exit gas.
i. Cooler exit gas.
ii. Evaporation of water.
Heat loss due to radiation & convection.
i. Radiation from kiln.
ii. Radiation from cooler.
Heat in=out

Q17

iii. Radiation from preheater.

Heat in=out

1. Combustion Heat of Fuel

Q1

Hc

Where
Q1
F
Hc
P

Commbustion Heat
Fuel Consumption (Main burner + Calciner)
Fuel Heat Content
Clinker Production

Main burner
Calciner burners
F
Hc
P
Q1

5050.74
9500
38178.5
1256.8

Kcal / Kg ck
Kg f / hr
Kcal / Kg f
Kg ck / hr

2240.45 Kg f / hr
2810.29 Kg f / hr

Kcal / Kg ck

(Performance Test)
(Fuel Analysis)
(Performance Test)
Q1

2. Sensible Heat of Raw Meal (Kiln Feed)

Q2

Cp

( T2 - T1 )

Where
Q2

Sensible Heat of Raw Meal

Kiln feed flow rate

Kcal / Kg ck
Kg raw / hr

Cp
T2

Specific Heat of Raw Meal

Kcal / Kg raw oC

Kiln Feed Temperature

T1

Ambient Temperature
Clinker Production

P
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
Q2

67282.8
0.22
83
30
38178.5
20.5

Kcal / Kg ck

Kg ck / hr
(Performance Test)
(Table page )
(Thermometer)
(Assumption)
(Performance Test)
Q2

3. Sensible Heat of Fuel

Q3

Cp

( T2 - T1 )

Where
Q3

Sensible Heat of Fuel

Fuel flow rate (Main burner + Calciner )

Kcal / Kg ck
Kg f / hr

Cp
T2

Specific Heat of Fuel

Kcal / Kg f oC

Fuel Temperature

T1

Ambient Temperature
Clinker Production

P
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
Q3

5050.7
0.47
115
30
38178.5
5.2

Kcal / Kg ck

Kg ck / hr
(Performance Test)
(Table page )
(Thermometer)
(Assumption)
(Performance Test)
Q3

4. Sensible Heat Of Air

i. Primary Air.
ii. Secondary Air.
iii. Tertiary Air.
iv. ByPass Quench Air.
Q4

Q4

Qprim + Qsecond + Qterti + Qquench

M

Cp

( T2 - T1 )

Where
Q4

Sensible Heat of Air

Air Flow rate

Cp
T2

Specific Heat Of Air

Air Temperature

T1

Ambient Temperature
Clinker Production

Kcal / Kg ck
m3 / h
Kcal / m3 oC

Kg ck / hr

Asuming
T2

T1

Q4

Therefore
Kcal / Kg ck

Q4

5. Sensible Heat of Cooling Water

i. ByPass Cond. Tower
ii. Clinker Crusher
iii. Cooler
Q5

Q5

Qc.t. + Qcrusher + Qcooler

M

Cp

( T2 - T1 )

Where
Q5

Sensible Heat of Water

Water Flow rate

Cp
T2

Specific Heat Of Water

Water Temperature

T1

Ambient Temperature
Clinker Production

Kcal / Kg ck
m3 / h
Kcal / m3 oC

Kg ck / hr

Asuming
T2

T1

Q5

Therefore
Kcal / Kg ck

Q5

1. Clinker Heat of Formation

Lab. Analysis
Moisture
Titration
CaCO3
MgCO3
SiO2
Al2O3
Fe2O3

Raw Mix
0.25
80.2
80.1
0.24
15.46
3.13
0.12
44.56
0.11
0.06
0.04
0
0.06
35.95
99.49

CaO
MgO
K2O
Na2O
S
Combined H2O
L.O.I.
Sum
LSF
SM
AM

Clinker

25.02
4.85
0.25
68.18
0.27
0.09
0.06
0.61
0.21
99.54

Raw Mix To Clinker Factor (Ck Factor)

=
100 / (100 - L.O.I.)
=
1.5613 Kg / Kg Clinker
CaO & MgO calculated from CaCO3 & MgCO3 in Raw Mix
as follows ,
CaO

MgO

Q6

Q6

=
=

CaCO3 * Ck Factor * 56 / 100

MgCO3 * Ck Factor * 40.3 / 84.3

0.17913 Kg / Kg Clinker

70.0328 Kg / Kg Clinker

(7.646 * CaO) + (6.48 * MgO) + (2.22 * Al2O3)

+ (11.6 * Ck Factor * H2O) - (5.116 * SiO2) - (0.59
* Fe2O3) - (10 * {K2O + Na2O}) - (32 * Ck Factor * S)
=

418.835

Kcal / Kg ck

Q6

2. Heat Loss With Preheater Exit Gas

Q7

Cp

( T2 - T1 )

Where
Q7

Heat Loss With Preheater Exit Gas

Kcal / Kg ck

Preheater Exit Gas Flow rate

m3 / h

Cp
T2

Specific Heat of Exit Gas

Kcal / m3 oC

T1

Ambient Temperature
Clinker Production

Preheater Exit Gas Temperature

P
M
Cp
T2
T1

C
Kg ck / h
o

P
Q7

83008.4
0.31
440
30
38178.5
276.3

(Calculation)
(Table page )
(Thermometer)
(Assumption)
(Performance Test)
Q7

Air

Cp

0.31

Kcal / m3 oC

Sp.heat

1.293
0.237

Kg / m3
Kcal / Kg

Kcal / Kg ck

N.B.

M
1.Process Flow Sheet

80985.2

m3 / h

2. Fuel Consumption

83008.4

m3 / h

79353.803

m3 / h

3. Combustion Calculations

Preheater Exit Gas Calculation

I.D. Fan Flow Rate
Kiln Feed
Fuel Consumption

Process

Update

65000
54
3955

M
67.28
5050.74

m3 / h
t/h
Kg / h

i. Process Flow Sheet

M

65000 * 67.28 / 54

80985.19 m3 / h

65000*5050.7 / 3955

83008.37 m3 / h

ii. Fuel Consumption

M

iii. Combustion Calculations

M

79353.8

m3 / h

(See Mixing Chamber Balance)

Air
Primary Air
Secondary Air
Total
Calculations
Air

Excess Air

=
=
=

43600*67.28/54

3.762*O2

1
O2 - 0.5 * CO
N2

Cyclone 1
CO
0.50%
O2
2.50%

=
=

10%
5223.1

52230.8
Nm3 / h

=
=
=

Min Air
52230.8
57453.9

+
+

Excess Air
5223.1
Nm3 / h

Comb. Products
Comb. Products

3000 Nm3 / h
54322 Nm3 / h
57322 Nm3 / h

0.26 * Hu
(Nm3 / MJ)
0.26 * 1256.7 * 38178.5 * 4.187 / 1000
52230.8
Nm3 / h

1 - 3.762 *

Total Air

=
=

* 0.1

=
=

0.29 * Hu
(Nm3 / MJ)
0.29 * 1256.7 * 38178.5 * 4.187 / 1000
58257.445
Nm3 / h

CO2

=
=
=
=

22.26/100 * titration * Ck factor

22.26/100 * 80.2/100 * 1.76
Nm3 CO2 / Kg ck
0.32
Nm3 CO2 / h
12217.12

Excess Air

1 - 3.762 *
3.762*O2
=
=
Total Combustion Products
=
=

10%
5223.1

O2 - 0.5 * CO
N2

52230.8
Nm3 / h

Comb. Products + CO2

75697.6

Cyclone 1
CO
0.50%
O2
2.50%

Excess Air

Nm / h
3

* 0.1

Heat Exchanger Heat Balance

Exit gas
+ Dust

Preheater Exit Gas

Heat
Exchanger

Dust
Air

Air

Q input

Q gas

Q dust

Q air

Cp

Q gas

=
=

79353.80
283.50688

0.31
*
Kcal / Kg ck

440

38178.47

Q dust

=
=

6391.8632
16.206316

0.22
*
Kcal / Kg ck

440

38178.47

Q air

=
=

57453.893
13.995354

0.31
*
Kcal / Kg ck

30

38178

Q input

Q output

Q gas

Q air

Q gas

=
=

79353.80
193.30014

0.31
*
Kcal / Kg ck

300

38178.47

Q dust

=
=

6391.8632
11.049761

0.22
*
Kcal / Kg ck

300

38178.47

Q air

=
=

57453.893
97.967478

0.31
*
Kcal / Kg ck

210

38178.47

Q output

M (dust)

313.709 Kcal / Kg ck
+

Q dust

302.317 Kcal / Kg ck

N.B.
9.50% of Kiln Feed

3.Heat Loss With ByPass Exit Gas

i. ByPass Exit Gas
Q8

Cp

( T2 - T1 )

Where
Q8
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
Q8

Kcal / Kg ck

Heat Loss With ByPass Exit Gas

ByPass Exit Gas Flow rate
Specific Heat of Exit Gas

m3 / h
Kcal / m3 oC

ByPass Exit Gas Temperature

Ambient Temperature
Clinker Production
51770
0.31
134
30
38178.5
43.72

C
Kg ck / h
o

(Pitot Measurements)
(Table page )
(Thermometer)
(Assumption)
(Performance Test)
Q8

Kcal / Kg ck

N.B.
Air

Cp

Sp.heat

0.31

Kcal / m3 / oC

1.293
0.237

Kg / m3
Kcal / Kg

ii. Evaporation of Water from ByPass Cond. Tower

Q9

where
Q9
M

P
M

Heat Loss With Evap. of Water

Water Flow rate
Heat of Vaporization
Clinker Production

P
Q9

3700
539
38178.5
52.24

Water

539

Kcal / Kg

1000

Kg / m3

Kcal / Kg ck

N.B.

Kcal / Kg ck
Kg water / h
Kcal / Kg water
Kg ck / h
(Process Flow Sheet)
(Table page )
(Performance Test)
Q9

ByPass Exit Gas Calculation

ByPass Fan Flow Rate
Kiln Feed
Fuel Consumption

Process

Update

28720

m3 / h

54

67.28

t/h

3955

5050.74

Kg / h

i. Process Flow Sheet

M

28720*67.28 / 54

35783

m3 / h

28720*5050.7 / 3955

36676.93

m3 / h

51770

m3 / h

ii. Fuel Consumption

M

iv. Pitot Measurment

M

M
Process Flow Sheet

35783

m3 / h

Fuel Consumption

36677

m3 / h

Pitot Measurments

51770

m3 / h

Mixing Chamber Balance

Gas
Dust
Quench Air

Mixing
Chamber

Gas + Quench Air

Dust

Qg + Qd + Qa = Qg + Qd + Qa
Mg Cpg Ti + Md Cpd Ti + Ma Cpa Ti =
Mg Cpg To + Md Cpd To + Ma Cpa To
Mg Cpg (Ti - To)
Md Cpd (To - Ti) + Ma Cpa (To - Ti)
=
Mg

Nm3 / h

Md

1875

Kg / h

Ma

8300

Nm3 / h

Cpg

0.31

Kcal/m3 oC

Cpd

0.22

Kcal/KgoC

Cpa

0.31

Kcal/m3 oC

Ti

1100

Ti

1100

Ti

30

To

450

To

450

To

450

Mg

4032.43

Nm3 / h

Kiln Combustion Products

=
0.29 * 0.45 * Hu
(Nm3 / MJ)
=
0.29 * 0.45 * 1256.7 * 38178.5 * 4.187 / 1000

CO2

26215.85

Nm3 / h

=
=

12217.12 * 0.04
488.6848

Nm3 CO2 / h

Excess Air
=
1 - 3.762 *

1
O2 - 0.5 * CO
N2

Smoke Chamber
CO
O2

3.762*O2
=
=
=

7%
52230.8
3656.16

Total
ByPass %
=
=

Mg / Total
13.28

0.07
Nm3 / h
=

30360.69 Nm3 / h

0.50%
1.75%

Calciner Combustion Products

CO2

0.29 * 0.55 * Hu

=
=

0.29 * 0.55 * 1256.7 * 38178.5 * 4.187 / 1000

32041.59
Nm3 / h

12217.12 * 0.96

11728.44

(Nm3 / MJ)

Nm3 CO2 / h

Excess Air
=
1 - 3.762 *

1
O2 - 0.5 * CO
N2

Cyclone 1
CO
0.50%
O2
2.50%

3.762*O2
=
=

10%
52230.8

5223.08

0.1
Nm3 / h

Total

Total Combustion Products

=
Kiln Combustion Products
=

30360.69

79353.80

48993.11
Nm3 / h

48993.11 Nm3 / h

Calciner Combustion Products

4. Heat Loss with ByPass Dust

Q10
where

Q10
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
Q10

Cp

Heat Loss with ByPass Dust

ByPass Dust
Specific Heat of Dust
ByPass Dust Temperature
Ambient Temperature
Clinker Production
1980
0.22
60
30
38178.5
0.34

Kcal / Kg ck

( T2 - T1 )

Kcal / Kg ck
Kg dust / h
Kcal / Kg dust oC
C
o
C
Kg ck / h
o

(ByPass Weighing Test)

(Table page )
(Thermometer)
(Assumption)
(Performance Test)
Q10

5. Heat Loss with Clinker Crusher Water

Q11
where

Q11
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
Q11

Cp

( T2 - T1 )

Heat Loss with Ck Crusher Water

Water Flow rate

Kcal / Kg ck
Kg water / h

Specific Heat of Water

Kcal / Kg water oC

Water outlet Temperature

Water inlet Temperature
Clinker Production

C
C
Kg ck / h

36000
0.48
40
30
38178.5
4.53

Kcal / Kg ck

N.B.
Water

Cp

0.48
1000

Kcal / Kg oC
Kg / m3

o
o

(Site Flowmeter)
(Table page )
(Thermometer)
(Thermometer)
(Performance Test)
Q11

6. Heat Loss with Clinker

Q12
where

Q12
Cp
Tcli
T
Cp
Tcli
T
Q12

Cp

( T ck - T1 )

Heat Loss with Clinker

Specific Heat of Clinker
Clinker outlet Temperature
Ambient Temperature
0.24
285
30
61.2

Kcal / Kg ck

Kcal / Kg ck
Kcal / Kg ck oC
o
o

C
C

(Table page )
(Hand Thermocouple)
(Performance Test)
Q12

7.Heat Loss With Cooler Exit Gas

i. Cooler Exit Gas
Q13
where

Q13
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
M
Cp
T2
T1
P
Q13

Cp

( T2 - T1 )

Heat Loss with Cooler Exit Gas

Exit Gas Flow rate
Specific Heat of Exit Gas
Exit Gas outlet Temperature
Ambient Temperature
Clinker Production
35514
0.31
244
30
38178.5
61.71

Process Flow Sheet

Fuel Consumption
Performance Curve
Pitot Measurments

35514

P
Q14

17500
539
38178.5
247.06 Kcal / Kg ck

N.B.
Water

539 Kcal / Kg
1000 Kg / m3

Kcal / Kg ck
m3 / h
Kcal / m3 oC
o
C
o
C
Kg ck / h

m3 / h
m3 / h
m3 / h
m3 / h

ii. Evaporation of Water

Q14

=
M
/ P
where
Q14 Heat Loss With Evap. of Water
M
Water Flow rate
Heat of Vaporization
P
Clinker Production
M

(Pitot Measurements)
(Table page )
(Thermometer)
(Assumption)
(Performance Test)
Q13

Kcal / Kg ck
M
27100
28733

Kcal / Kg ck
m3 / h
Kcal / Kg water
Kg ck / h
(Site Flowmeter)
(Table page )
(Performance Test)
Q14

Cooler Exit Gas Calculation

Process

Update

22500

54

67.28

Heat Consumption

1300

1256.7

Fuel Consumption

3955

5050.7

Cooler Fan Flow Rate

Kiln Feed

m3 / h
t/h
Kcal / Kg ck
Kg / h

i. Process Flow Sheet

M

22500*67.28*1256.7 / 54*1300 =

27099.6077

m3 / h

28733.4387

m3 / h

ii. Fuel Consumption

M

22500*5050.7 / 3955

iii. Performance Curve

M

m3 / h

iv. Pitot Measurment

35514

m3 / h

Cooler Heat Balance

Water Vapour
Exit Gas
Hot Clinker
from Kiln
Cooler
Cooling Water
Clinker
Radiation
Heat Input
i. Heat received with clinker
Q ck

Cp ck ( T ck - T )

Where
Q ck

Kcal / Kg ck

Heat received with clinker

Cp ck Specific Heat of Clinker

T ck Clinker Temperature
T
Ambient Temperature
Cp ck
T ck
T
Q ck

0.24
1130
30
264

Kcal / Kg ck oC
o
o

C
C

Kcal / Kg ck

ii. Cooling Water

Qwater
Where

As
Therefore

Cp

( T2 - T1 ) / P

Qwater Sensible Heat of Water

M
Water Flow rate
Cp Specific Heat Of Water
T2
Water Temperature
T1
Ambient Temperature
P
Clinker Production

T2

T1

Qwater

Kcal / Kg ck

Kcal / Kg ck
m3 / h
Kcal / m3 oC
o
C
o
C
Kg ck / hr

Heat Output
i. Heat Loss with Clinker
Q

61.2

Kcal / Kg ck

10.49

Kcal / Kg ck

61.71

Kcal / Kg ck

247.06 Kcal / Kg ck

ii. Radiation

iii. Exit Gas

iv. Water Vapour

Q

8. Heat Loss due to Radiation & Convection

i. Radiation from kiln
Kiln

Length

56

Total Surface Area F

562.688

m2

Specific Surface

Surface Area

10.048

m2

Ambient Temp.

From
Outlet
m
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28

Diam.

3.2

Surface
Temp
C

280
281
320
358
325
344
348
339
320
331
316
321
313
343
337
336
332
312
312
322
321
305
286
303
297
306
284
292

Radiation
Loss

Production P

From
Outlet

Kcal / m2 / * h

Mcal/h

4973
5007
6466
8121
6671
7484
7662
7264
6466
6922
6306
6507
6190
7440
7172
7132
6962
6150
6150
6546
6507
5875
5190
5809
5577
5918
5108
5396

49.97
50.31
64.97
81.60
67.03
75.20
76.99
72.99
64.97
69.55
63.36
65.38
62.20
74.76
72.06
71.66
69.95
61.80
61.80
65.77
65.38
59.03
52.15
58.37
56.04
59.46
51.33
54.22
1798.3

29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56

Total
2587.62 Mcal/h
Radiation : Mcal / h * 24 * 1.05 / P =
Sp.Radiation : Mcal / h *1.05*1000 / F=

71.16
4828.61

Surface
Temp
o

275
242
200
201
212
215
208
214
207
207
208
205
208
206
200
193
201
201
195
194
201
200
193
182
182
178
206
200

916.3

t/d

0.61409 m2/t/d
30

Radiation
Loss
Kcal / m2 / * h

Mcal/h

4805
3776
2671
2695
2962
3041
2863
3016
2839
2839
2863
2791
2863
2815
2671
2510
2695
2695
2554
2533
2695
2671
2510
2260
2260
2176
2815
2671

48.28
37.94
26.84
27.08
29.76
30.56
28.77
30.30
28.53
28.53
28.77
28.04
28.77
28.29
26.84
25.22
27.08
27.08
25.66
25.45
27.08
26.84
25.22
22.71
22.71
21.86
28.29
26.84
789.321

Kcal / Kg
Kcal / h * m2

Q15

ii.Radiation from cooler

Cooler Diam.

3.18

Total Surface Area F

Length

8.5

84.8742

m2

From Surface Ambient Surface

Outlet
Area
Temp. Temp.
m

m2

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

9.99
9.99
9.99
9.99
9.99
9.99
9.99
9.99

30

319
335
283
279
275
278
205
195

Radiation : Mcal / h * 24 * 1.05 / P =

Spec. Radiation : Mcal / h * 1.05 * 1000 / F =

Production P

916.3

Specific Surface

0.093 m2/t/d

Radiation
Loss

t/d

Wind
Speed

Kcal / m2 * h

Mcal / h

6030
7092
5077
4938
4805
4905
2791
2554

60.21
70.85
50.72
49.33
48.00
49.00
27.88
25.51
381.509

m/s
< 3 m/s

10.49

Kcal / Kg ck

4719.75

Kcal / h * m2

Q16

iii. Radiation from Preheater

Ambient Temp.
P
916.3

30 oC
t/d

Dc

Lc

Lo
do

DATA
Cyclones
Cyc. 1 A
Cyc. 1 B
Cyc. 2
Cyc. 3
Cyc. 4
Calciner

cyc
cone
cyc
cone
cyc
cone
cyc
cone
cyc
cone
cyc
cone

Dc
3

Lc
6.45

6.45

4.07

4.07

4.2

4.27

4.44

4.18

do
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
1.97

Surface Surface
Area m2 Temp.
60.76
85
3.185 18.50
90
60.76
90
3.185 18.50
92
51.12
95
3.56
26.27
109
51.12
95
4.148 30.61
100
56.31
115
4.33
33.31
118
58.28
110
4.64
46.70
115
Lo

Radiation Loss
Kcal / m2 * h
Mcal / h
574
34.88
641
11.86
641
38.95
670
12.40
709
36.24
925
24.30
709
36.24
778
23.81
1003
56.48
1051
35.01
925
53.91
1003
46.84

Material Pipes
Length
Cyc. 1 A
7.08
Cyc. 1 B
6.63
Cyc. 2
10.12
Cyc. 3
to P.C.
9.91
to Riser 16.13
Cyc. 4
11.5

Diam.
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7
0.7

A
15.56
14.57
22.24
21.78
35.45
25.28

105
105
110
135
140
140

850
850
925
1338
1427
1427

13.23
12.39
20.58
29.14
50.59
36.07

Ducts
C1-C2
C2-C3
C3-C4
Riser

Diam.
2.53
2.53
2.67
1.52

A
73.80
75.95
92.81
24.14

110
100
120
135

925
778
1083
1338

68.27
59.09
100.51
32.30

135
140

1338
1427

58.01
12.66
903.74

Length
9.29
9.56
11.07
3.97

S.Ch

A1
A2

L
w

D
3.95

d
1

43.36
8.88
966.04

Total

h
3.92

L
1.72

w
1.58

Radiation : Mcal / h * 24 * 1.05 / P =

24.8544

Kcal / Kg ck

Spec. Radiation : Mcal / h * 1.05 * 1000 / F =

982.276

Kcal / h * m2

Q17

Heat Input

Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4

Q5

Heat Balance
Results
=

Heat Output
Kcal / Kg ck

Heat Input
Combustion heat of Fuel.
Sensible heat of Raw Meal.
Sensible heat of Fuel.
Sensible heat of Air.
i. Primary air.
ii. Secondary air.
iii. Tertiary air.
iv. ByPass Quench air.
Sensible heat of Cooing Water.
i. ByPass Cond. Tower.
ii. Clinker Crusher.
iii. Cooler.

1256.78
20.55
5.23
0.00

0.00

Total
Q6
Q7

Q8
Q9
Q10
Q11
Q12
Q13
Q14
Q15
Q16
Q17

Heat Output
Clinker heat of formation.
Heat loss with preheater exit gas.
i. Exit gas.
ii. Evaporation of water.
iii. Dust.
iv. CO.
Heat loss with bypass exit gas.
i. Bypass gas.
ii. Evaporation of water from cond. Tower.
Heat loss with bypass dust.
Heat loss with clinker crusher water.
Heat loss with clinker.
Heat loss with cooler exit gas.
i. Cooler exit gas.
ii. Evaporation of water.
Heat loss due to radiation & convection.
i. Radiation from kiln.
ii. Radiation from cooler.
iii. Radiation from preheater.
Total
% Diff.

1282.56
418.84
276.34

43.72
52.24
0.34
4.53
61.20
61.71
247.06
71.16
10.49
24.85
1272.49
0.79

E:E\Heat balance\In=Out