Fei Huo
Ap chemistry Lab report
AP Chemistry Lab Report
Determination of the heat of reaction
Name: Fei Huo
Date performed: October 31st, 2014
Period 7
Teacher: Dr.Chan
Fei Huo
Ap chemistry Lab report
PRE-LAB QUESTION:
-(a) N2 (g)+O2 (g) 2NO (g)
H = 180 kJ
(b) 2 NO(g) + O2(g) 2 NO2(g)
H = 112 kJ
1.5(c) 3 H2(g) + 1.5 O2(g) 3 H2O(l)
H = 858 kJ
-1/2(d) 2 NO2 (g) + 3 H2O (l) 2NH3 (g)+ 3.5 O2 (g) H = 698 kJ
H for N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g) is -92KJ
PROCEDURE:
Part 1: Determination of the Heat of Reaction of Magnesium with Hydrochloric Acid
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g).
1.
2.
Transfer 50.0 mL of 1.00 M HCl to the calorimeter (paper cup in this case).
Pick a magnesium strip and measure the length, use 100cm=2.11g to get the mass of the magnesium.
3. Lift the lid and the thermometer slightly and transfer the magnesium strips to the calorimeter. Put the lid
and thermometer back in place. Measure the initial temperature. The reaction between the magnesium
and hydrochloric acid will proceed. The temperature will increase. Record the highest temperature you
see as the final temperature on the data sheet. It will probably take a couple of minutes to reach this
highest temperature. Take the difference between the final temperature and the initial temperature, and
record this as the temperature change.
4. Pour the contents of the calorimeter into the waste container. Rinse the calorimeter out with distilled
water and dry it out with a paper towel to prepare it for the next reaction. Also, rinse the thermometer
with distilled water and wipe it dry.
Data and Calculation:
Final Temperature: 32
Initial Temperature: 23
Temperature Change: 9
Mass of Magnesium: 0.1 gram (5cm)
Volume of HCl: 50ml
Mass of HCl: 50 g
Data Analysis:
The heat (q) absorbed by the solution in the reaction vessel can be found by taking the mass (m) of the
solution times the specific heat (s) times the temperature change (T). q = m (c) (T)
Since the solution is mostly water, we assume that its density is equal to 1.00 g/ml and the specific heat of
the solution is equal to 4.184 J/gC.
Heat of reaction (q) = m (c) (T)
q = 50.1*4.18*9=1884.782KJ
Fei Huo
Ap chemistry Lab report
PROCEDURE:
Part 2: Determination of the Heat of Reaction of Magnesium Oxide with Hydrochloric Acid.
MgO(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) +H2O(l)
1.
2.
3.
4.
Transfer 50.0 mL of 1.00 M HCl to the calorimeter (paper cup in this case).
Mass out on the balance (using a weighing dish) approximately 0.25-0.4 grams of magnesium oxide.
Record the mass of the magnesium oxide.
Transfer the MgO to the HCl solution, put the lid and thermometer in place. Record the initial
temperature. The reaction will proceed. Rotate the calorimeter and stir with the thermometer. Record the
highest temperature you see as the final temperature. It will probably take a couple of minutes to reach
this highest temperature. Take the difference between the final temperature and the initial temperature,
and record this as the temperature change.
Rinse the calorimeter out with distilled water and dry it with a paper towel. Rinse the thermometer with
distilled water and wipe it dry. Do a second trial.
Data and Calculations:
Final Temperature: 25
Initial Temperature: 23
Temperature Change: 2
Mass of MgOH: 0.25 g
Volume of HCl: 50ml
Mass of HCl: 50 g
Data Analysis:
The heat (q) absorbed by the solution in the reaction vessel can be found by taking the mass (m) of the
solution times the specific heat (s) times the temperature change (T). Q = m (s) (T)
Since the solution is mostly water, we assume that its density is equal to 1.00 g/ml and the specific heat of
the solution is equal to 4.184 J/gC.
Heat of reaction (Q) = m (c) (T)
Q = 50.25*4.18*2=420.09 KJ
Errors:
One error that may have caused a lower enthalpy of change value than expected could have that heat
escaped from the calorimeter used during the experiment. The hole could have let heat escape as the
reaction was taking place, which would have lowered the final temperature value. Whats more, is that the
lid was not as tight as it could have been since it simply snapped onto the paper cup being used as a
calorimeter and was not air tight, which also could have let some heat escape. Both of these conditions
would have lead to a lower final temperature value. Consequently, the heat value, or Q, would have been
lower.
Fei Huo
Ap chemistry Lab report
Another source of error that may have occurred during the experiment was that the magnesium strip may
have reacted with the oxygen in the air before it was put into the cup.
