General Features And Attachments
Of
Typical Ribs
Learning Objectives
At the end of the class, student should be able to :
Classify the ribs.
Mention the different parts of typical rib.
Discuss the features of Typical ribs.
Enumerate the Atypical ribs and compare with Typical ribs
lassification of Ribs
Twelve pairs of ribs, each terminating anteriorly in a costal
cartilage
lassification of Ribs
True Ribs:
Costal cartilages of the upper seven ribs articulate directly with the sternum, nown as TR!"
R#$%.
False Ribs: Costal cartilages lower five do not articulate directly to the sternum called as
FAL%" R#$%&
Floating ribs:
!ibs ""
th
and "#
th
have no anterior connection with other ribs or with the sternum
'omenclature
ostal (argin:
Costal cartilages of $
th
to "%
th
ribs articulate anteriorly with costal cartilages of
the ribs above, &lie $
th
articulates with $
th
and so on' forming a continuous
margin, ostal (argin&
Typical Ribs
The !ibs (
rd
to )
th
or "%
th
have similar features and called as
T)*#AL R#$%
Typical Rib
onsists of:
Three parts
A curved shaft with anterior and posterior ends.
Anterior end is continuous with its costal cartilage.
*osterior end articulates with the vertebral column and is characteri*ed by a head, nec+,
and tubercle.
,ead of Rib
+ead is somewhat e,panded.
-n its posterior end there are two articular surfaces separated by crest.
.maller superior surface articulates with inferior costal facet on body of
vertebra above
/hile larger inferior facet articulates with superior costal facet of its own
vertebra.
'ec+ of Rib
.hort flat region of bone.
.eparates the head from the tubercle.
Tubercle of rib
0ro1ects posteriorly from the 1unction of the nec with the shaft.
Consists of two regions
2 An articular part and
2 A non3articular part.
Tubercle of rib
-& Articular part:
4t is medial.
+as an oval facet for articulation with a corresponding facet on the transverse process of
the associated vertebra
.& non/articular part:
!aised non3articular part is roughened by ligament attachments.
%haft of Rib
.haft is generally thin and flat.
,as t0o borders&
T0o surfaces&
$orders:
5pper 6order
7ower 6order
%urfaces:
-uter .urface
4nner .urface
%haft of Rib
.uperior margin is smooth and rounded,
4nferior margin is sharp.
4nferior margin of internal surface of shaft e,tends beyond the limit of bone, called as
costal groove.
%haft of Rib
6eyond the tubercle the shaft of rib bends on itself, nown as costal angle&
Along its long a,is the shaft of ribs gently twisted, this can be visible when rib placed on
the table. This is helpful in respiration.
Attachments
on
Typical !ibs
0rovide attachment to intercostal muscles, Muscles between ribs
E,ternal 4ntercostal Muscles
#nternal #ntercostals (uscle
#nnermost #ntercostal (uscles
#nnermost #ntercostal (uscle
Transversus Thoracis
%ubcostales
General Features and attachment of
Atypical Ribs
Atypical Ribs
!ibs having dissimilar features are the Atypical ribs.
These are "
st
, #
nd
, "%
th
, ""
th
and "#
th.
-
st
Rib
The "st rib is8
The broadest &i.e., 4ts body is widest and nearly hori*ontal',
.hortest, and
Most sharply curved of the seven true ribs.
+as a single facet on its head for articulation with the t" vertebra only.
4n comparison of typical rib the first rib has outer and inner borders and superior and
inferior surfaces
-n its superior has two transversely directed grooves crossing for the
subclavian vessels9
:rooves are separated by a scalene tubercle and ridge, to which the anterior
scalene muscle is attached.
.
nd
Rib
More typical
6ody is thinner, less curved, and substantially longer than the "st rib.
+ead has two facets for articulation with the bodies of the T" and T# vertebrae
Main atypical feature is a rough area on its upper surface,
The tuberosity for serratus anterior, from which part of that muscle originates.
-1
th
Rib
+ead of rib tenth has a single facet for articulation with its own
vertebra.
--
th
2 -.
th
Ribs
-- and -. Ribs articulate only with the bodies of their own vertebrae and have no
tubercles or necs. 6oth ribs are short, have little curve, and are pointed
anteriorly
Anterior ends are free and covered with costal cartilages
References
GRA)% A'ATO() FOR %T!3"'T% .114, 3by !ichard Drae, /ayne ;ogl,
Adam /.M. Mitchell
GRA'T5%&ATLA%&OF&A'ATO()&"#th. Anne M. !. Ager and Arther <. Delly
(OOR", 6"#T, L& / L#'#ALL) OR#"'T"3 A'ATO(), by =eith 7.
Moore and =eith 7. Moore
General Features and attachment of
Atypical Ribs
Learning Objective
At the end of the lecture, the student should be able to8
Mention the diferent parts of atypical rib.
Discuss the features of atypical ribs.
Atypical Ribs
!ibs having dissimilar features are the Atypical ribs.
These are "
st
, #
nd
, "%
th
, ""
th
and "#
th.
-
st
Rib
The "st rib is8
The broadest &i.e., 4ts body is widest and nearly hori*ontal',
.hortest, and
Most sharply curved of the seven true ribs.
+as a single facet on its head for articulation with the t" vertebra only.
-
st
Rib
-n its superior has two transversely directed grooves crossing for the
subclavian vessels9
:rooves are separated by a scalene tubercle and ridge, to which the anterior
scalene muscle is attached.
.
nd
Rib
More typical9
6ody is thinner, less curved, and substantially longer than the "st rib.
+ead has two facets for articulation with the bodies of the t" and t# vertebrae9
Main atypical feature is a rough area on its upper surface,
The tuberosity for serratus anterior, from which part of that muscle originates.
-1
th
Rib
+ead of rib tenth has a single facet for articulation with its own
vertebra.
--
th
2 -.
th
Ribs
-- and -. Ribs articulate only with the bodies of their own vertebrae and have no
tubercles or necs. 6oth ribs are short, have little curve, and are pointed
anteriorly
References
GRA)% A'ATO() FOR %T!3"'T% #%%>, 3by !ichard Drae,
/ayne ;ogl, Adam /.M. Mitchell
GRA'T5%&ATLA%&OF&A'ATO() ."#th. Anne M. !. Ager and Arther
<. Delly
(OOR", 6"#T, L& / L#'#ALL) OR#"'T"3 A'ATO(), by
=eith 7. Moore and =eith 7. Moore
THANKS
