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Check Valve Dynamics & Selection Guide

This document discusses check valves and their dynamic characteristics. Check valves are used to prevent reverse flow in pipelines. Their dynamic characteristics refer to how they perform under different conditions, which can be illustrated with a graph plotting reverse velocity against closure rate. Improper closure can cause water hammer, producing surge pressures and other problems. To prevent water hammer, a check valve must close quickly before reverse flow occurs using low inertia, short travel, and springs, or close slowly using external devices like dashpots to allow some backspin in the pump. An example calculation is provided to determine surge pressure from a given reverse velocity.

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160 views4 pages

Check Valve Dynamics & Selection Guide

This document discusses check valves and their dynamic characteristics. Check valves are used to prevent reverse flow in pipelines. Their dynamic characteristics refer to how they perform under different conditions, which can be illustrated with a graph plotting reverse velocity against closure rate. Improper closure can cause water hammer, producing surge pressures and other problems. To prevent water hammer, a check valve must close quickly before reverse flow occurs using low inertia, short travel, and springs, or close slowly using external devices like dashpots to allow some backspin in the pump. An example calculation is provided to determine surge pressure from a given reverse velocity.

Uploaded by

mieiroluiz12
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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NO.

:- VC/ DCV / 6800 / 00

VALVOLA CORPORATION
THANE -421 302

DATE :- 28.01.2013 PAGE :- 1 OF 3

Dynamic Characteristics of Check Valve


Need of Check Valve
1) To prevent reverse flow. 2) To hold pressure in the pipeline. 3) To provide water hammer mitigation. 4) For positive displacement pumps operation. 5) To prevent, Parallel pumps rotating in reverse. 6) To stop a pipe or tank emptying.

Selection of Check Valve


There are many tools available for selection of check valves. Main criteria involve in selection of check valve are:1) Non-Slamming Characteristics. 2) Head loss Characteristics. 3) Operating Cost. 4) Maintenance Cost. 5) Controllability. 6) Laying Length.

Dynamics Characteristics of Check Valve


Check Valve slam occurs after pump stop and the system flow reverses back towards the pump before the check valve is fully closed. The reverse flow causes the check valve to close rapidly through the remaining portion of its travel. The reverse flow is then stopped by the closed valve causing water hammer in the line.

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Approved By :

NO.

:- VC/ DCV / 6800 / 00

VALVOLA CORPORATION
THANE -421 302

DATE :- 28.01.2013 PAGE :- 2 OF 3

Water hammer & related problem like surge pressure, vibration, shocks can leads serious consequences in the system. Dynamic Characteristic is a term use to describe, how check valve perform under various situations and is normally illustrated by the means of a graph. All self acting check valves allow some degree of reverse flow prior to shut down situation. Thus, sudden reductions of this back flow to zero yield a surge pressure. The graphs plotted between reverse velocities against declaration describe the Dynamic Characteristic of check valve.

To Prevent Slam, Check Valve must be either of the following


1) Check Valve Close quickly before reverse flow occurs: The disc should have Low Inertia and Friction. The travel of the disc should be short. Spring should be used to close the disc. 2) Check Valve Close very slowly once reverse flow developed For this valves should be equipped with the external device like dashpot and the pump must be capable of withstand some backspin.

The reverse velocity can be converted directly equation:-

into water hammer pressure

using the

Where, h = Pressure Rise, ft of water.(m) a = Wave Velocity, ft/sec. (m/s) v = reverse velocity, ft / sec. (m/s). g = 32.2 ft / sce2 (m/s2).

Prepared By :

Approved By :

NO.

:- VC/ DCV / 6800 / 00

VALVOLA CORPORATION
THANE -421 302

DATE :- 28.01.2013 PAGE :- 3 OF 4

Example
Expected transient condition for 6 pipeline: Fluid Water System Deceleration 5 m/s2 Line Pressure - 10 Bar Rated System pressure 16 Bar Pressure Wave 1000 m/s. Density of Water 1000 Kg / m3. ValvolaSeries-6800 = 0.29 m/sec

Pressure Rise (h) = Density of Water X Pressure Wave X Reverse Velocity = 1000 kg/m3 X 1000 m/s X 0.29 m/s = 290 kN / m2 (kPa) h = 2.9 Bar

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NO. :- VC/ DCV / 6800 / 00

VALVOLA CORPORATION
THANE -421 302

DATE :- 28.01.2013 PAGE :- 3 OF 4

Dynamic Performance Graph for Check Valve [1]

On Graph, locate 5 m/s2 on X- Axis, move vertically, and then read left on Y-Axis to determine the velocity. For 5 m/s2 Deceleration, velocity shall be 0.29 m/s.

Referances :- [1] Utah state Water Research Laboratory.

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