Section 720.
) STRUCTURAL WALL AND STABILIZED EMBANKMENT MATERIAL
720.01 Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall Material. (a) Concrete face panels. Conform to Section 552 and the following: (1) Use portland cement concrete class A(AE) with a minimum 4,000pounds per square inch, 28-day compressive strength. (2) Conform to Subsection 562.11 and fully support the units until the concrete reaches a minimum compressive strength of 1,000 pounds per square inch. The units may be shipped and/or installed after the concrete reaches a minimum compressive strength of 3,400 pounds per square inch. (3) Finish the front face of the panel with a class 1 finish according to Subsection 552.16. Screed the rear face of the panel to eliminate open pockets of aggregate and surface distortions in excess of 0.25 inches. Cast the panels on a flat area. Do not attach galvanized connecting devices or fasteners to the face panel reinforcement steel. (4) Clearly scribe on an unexposed face of each panel the date of manufacture, the production lot number, and the piece mark. (5) Handle, store, and ship all units in such a manner as to eliminate the dangers of chipping, discoloration, cracks, fractures, and excessive bending stresses. Support panels in storage on firm blocking to protect the panel connection devices and the exposed exterior finish. (6) Manufacture all units within the following tolerances: (a) Panel dimensions. Position of panel connection devices within 1 inch. All other dimensions within 0.188 inches. (b) Panel squareness. Squareness, as determined by the difference between the 2 diagonals, shall not exceed 0.50 inches. (c) Panel surface finish. Surface defects on smooth formed surfaces 5 feet or more in length shall not exceed 0.125 inches. Surface defects on textured-finished surfaces 5 feet or more in length shall not exceed 0.31 inches.
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Concrete face panels having any or all of the following defects will be rejected.
` Defects that indicate imperfect molding. ` Defects indicating honeycombed or open texture concrete. ` Cracked or severely chipped panels. ` Color variation on front face of panel due to excess form oil or other reasons.
(b) Wire facing. Fabricate from W6 x W2 welded wire fabric conforming to AASHTO M 55 except the average shear value shall not be less than 65,000 pounds per square inch. After fabrication, galvanize according to AASHTO M 111. (c) Backing mat. Fabricate from W1.7 x W1.7 (minimum) welded wire fabric conforming to AASHTO M 55. After fabrication, galvanize according to AASHTO M 111. (d) Clevis connector. Fabricate from cold-drawn steel wire conforming to AASHTO M 32 and weld according to AASHTO M 55. After fabrication, galvanize according to AASHTO M 111. (e) Connector bars. Fabricate from cold-drawn steel wire conforming to AASHTO M 32. Galvanize according to AASHTO M 111. (f) Fasteners. Furnish 0.50-inch diameter, heavy hexhead bolts, nuts, and washers conforming to AASHTO M 164. Galvanize according to AASHTO M 232. (g) Hardware cloth. Fabricate with maximum 0.25-inch square mesh openings from woven or welded galvanized steel wire fabric conforming to ASTM A 740. (h) Reinforcing mesh. Fabricate from cold-drawn steel wire conforming to AASHTO M 32. Weld the wire into the finished mesh fabric according to AASHTO M 55. After fabrication, galvanize according to AASHTO M 111. Repair all damage to the galvanized coating before installation.
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(i) Reinforcing strips. Fabricate from high-strength low-alloy structural steel conforming to AASHTO M 223 grade65, type 3. After fabrication, galvanize according to AASHTO M 111. (j) Tie strip. Fabricate from hot-rolled steel conforming to ASTM A570 grade 50. Galvanize according to AASHTO M 111. 720.02 Gabion and Revet Mattress Material. (a) Basket mesh. Twist or weld the mesh from galvanized steel wire conforming to ASTM A 641 class 3 or aluminized steel wire conforming to ASTM A 809. Use wire with a minimum tensile strength of 60,000 pounds per square inch when tested according to ASTM A 370. The galvanized or aluminized coating may be applied after mesh fabrication. Make the mesh openings with a maximum dimension less than 4.5 inches, an area less than 10 square inches, and a size less than the gabion or revet mattress rock to be used with the mesh. (1) Gabion baskets (1 foot or greater in the vertical dimension). Fabricate the mesh for galvanized or aluminized coated baskets from nominal-sized 0.12-inch or greater diameter wire and fabricate the mesh for polyvinyl chloride coated baskets from nominal-sized 0.11-inch or greater diameter wire. (a) Twisted wire mesh. Form the mesh in a uniform hexagonal pattern with nonraveling double twists. For galvanized or aluminized coated baskets, tie the perimeter edges of the mesh for each panel to a 0.15inch or greater diameter selvedge wire. For polyvinyl chloride coated baskets, tie the perimeter edges of the mesh for each panel to a 0.13inch or greater diameter selvedge wire. Make the selvedge at least the same strength as the body of the mesh. Furnish selvedge wire from the same type of material used for the wire mesh. (b) Welded wire mesh. For galvanized or aluminized coated baskets, weld each connection to obtain a minimum average weld shear strength of 585 pounds with no value less than 450 poundss. For polyvinyl chloride coated baskets, weld each connection to obtain a minimum average weld shear strength of 472 pounds with no value less than 360 pounds.
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Fabricate gabion baskets in the dimensions required with a dimension tolerance of 5 percent. Where the length of the basket exceeds 1.5 times its width, equally divide the basket into cells less than or equal to the basket width using diaphragms of the same type and size mesh as the basket panels. Prefabricate each basket with the necessary panels and diaphragms secured so they rotate into place. (2) Revet mattresses (less than 1 foot in the vertical dimension). Fabricate the mesh from nominal-sized 0.086-inch or greater diameter wire. (a) Twisted wire mesh. Form the mesh in a uniform hexagonal pattern with nonraveling double twists. Tie the perimeter edges of the mesh for each panel to a 0.11-inch or greater diameter selvedge wire. Make the selvedge at least the same strength as the body of the mesh. Furnish selvedge wire from the same type of material used for the wire mesh. (b) Welded wire mesh. Weld each connection to obtain a minimum average weld shear strength of 292 pounds with no value less than 225 pounds. Fabricate revet baskets in the dimensions required with a dimension tolerance of 5 percent in length and width and 10 percent in height. Where the length of the basket exceeds 0.5 times its width, equally divide the basket into cells less than or equal to 0.5 times the basket width using diaphragms of the same type and size mesh as the mattress panels. Prefabricate each basket with the necessary panels and diaphragms secured so they rotate into place. (3) Polyvinyl chloride coated baskets. Use either a fusion bonded or extruded coating to coat the galvanized or aluminized mesh. Conform to the following: (a) Color (b) Thickness (c) Specific gravity, ASTM D 792 (d) Tensile strength, ASTM D 638M (e) Modulus of elasticity, ASTM D 638M (f) Hardness - shore "A", ASTM D 2240 Black or gray 0.015 inches min. 1.20 to 1.40 2,300 psi min. 2,000 psi min. at 100 strain 75 min.
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(g) Brittleness temperature, ASTM D 746 (h) Abrasion resistance, ASTM D 1242, method B at 200 cycles, CSI-A abrader tape, 80 grit (i) Salt spray (ASTM B 117) and ultraviolet light exposure (ASTM D 1499 and G 23 using apparatus type E and 145 bF) for 3000 hours (j) Mandrel bend, 360b bend at 0 bF around a mandrel 10 times the wire diameter (b) Permanent fasteners.
16 bF max. 12% max. mass loss No visual effect (c) " < 6% (d) " < 25% (e) " < 25% (h) " < 10% No breaks or cracks in coating
(1) Lacing wire. Furnish nominal-sized 0.086-inch diameter wire of the same type, strength, and coating as the basket mesh. (2) Spiral binders. Form with wire having at least the same diameter, type, strength, and coating as the basket mesh. (3) Alternate fasteners. Furnish fasteners according to the basket manufacturer's specification that remain closed when subjected to a 585-pound tensile force while confining the maximum number of wires to be confined in the gabion structure or revet mattress. Submit installation procedures and fastener test results. (c) Internal connecting wire. Furnish lacing wire as described in (b)(1) above or alternate stiffeners according to the basket manufacturer's specification. 720.03 Metal Bin Type Crib Walls. Fabricate members from the type and kind of material specified in the contract. Conform to the following: (a) Galvanized steel sheets (b) Aluminum sheets (c) Fiber-bonded steel sheets (d) Aluminum coated steel sheets (e) Bolts and nuts AASHTO M 218 AASHTO M 197 Subsection 707.09 AASHTO M 274 ASTM A 307 grade A
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Furnish heavy hexagon heads and nuts without washers or hexagon heads and nuts with 2 plate washers. Fabricate washers from 0.129-inch thick round steel plate including coating with holes not more than 0.0625 inches larger than the bolt diameter. Galvanize the bolts, nuts, and washers according to AASHTO M 232.
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