Contents

1. PROJECT DISCRIPTION ...................................................................................................................... 2

2. INTRODUCTION OF SCHEME ...................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Estimated Area Of Scheme ............................................................................................................. 3
3. RELATED THEORY .............................................................................................................................. 3
3.1 Source Of Water ............................................................................................................................... 3
3.2 Water Consumption ........................................................................................................................ 3
3.3 Factors Effect Water Consumption................................................................................................ 3
3.4: Components Of Water Supply System ....................................................................................... 4
3.5 Methods Of Water Distribution ..................................................................................................... 4
3.6 Pressure In Distribution System .................................................................................................... 4
3.7 Hydraulics Of Water Distribution ................................................................................................. 4
4. DESIGN CRITERIA USED IN PROJECT ............................................................................................ 5
4.1 Design Period ................................................................................................................................... 5
4.2 Population Estimation ..................................................................................................................... 5
4.3 Per Capita Consumption:................................................................................................................ 6
5. CALCULATION .................................................................................................................................... 6
5.1 Design of Pump Head .......................................................................................................................... 6
5.2 Storage Tank ..................................................................................................................................... 7
5.3 Pipe Losses ........................................................................................................................................ 7
5.4 Pump Used........................................................................................................................................ 7
6. RESULTS ................................................................................................................................................. 9
6.1 Attachment of Map .......................................................................................................................... 9
6.2: Map Showing Different Parameters At The Nodes And Links ............................................. 11
6.3: Table For Calculation Of Base Demand .................................................................................... 12
7: RECOMMENDAIONS & SUGGESTION ......................................................................................... 16

Installation of a purification plant at OHT .After some year water to the houses is not

suitable for drinking purpose................................................................................................................. 16

DESIGN OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Continued global growth has placed increasing demand upon existing water
distribution systems. This growth has fueled the increasing need to analyze existing and
design new water distribution systems.
EPANET is a computer program that performs extended period model of hydraulic and
water quality behave or within pressurized pipe networks. Purpose of this assignment
is to design a Water distribution network for a housing scheme .A network consists of
pipes, nodes (pipe junctions), pumps and storage tanks or reservoirs.

1. PROJECT DISCRIPTION
We are provided with a map of Future vision housing society located near the Upper
Chenab canal. This report gives a detailed description about how to establish a water
distribution system for a scheme. First we have added junctions, pipes, reservoir, OHT
and pump.
As an input, fill the fields for elevation (251) and demand for nodes, and length,
diameter, and roughness (C-factor) for links. For the reservoir we have enter the value
of Total Head (212). For the Tank add 271 for the elevation & 50 for its diameter. For the
pump, we need to assign it a pump curve (head versus Flow relationship). Enter the ID
label 1 in the Pump Curve field. We use the pipe in range of 80-150mm which makes the
project economical.
As an Output we get pressure value for each node which is in between 14-30m .The
output file attached at the end report showing all the data.

2. INTRODUCTION OF SCHEME
The scheme under studies has following attributes:

LAND USE
No of houses
No of apartments
No of Flats
No of parks
Schools
Grave yard
Dispensary

Total Number
281
3
3
2
1
1
1

2.1 Estimated Area Of Scheme

Total area of scheme is calculated by using the given scale:
1cm=10m
Total area of scheme =19 acre

3. RELATED THEORY
3.1 Source Of Water
There are two main source of water 1) Underground 2) Surface.
In our case we used underground water source.
3.2 Water Consumption
Water consumption means amount of water consumed per day.
Or Per capita consumption is the amount of water use by a person per day.
Average value is 150-550 lpcd.
Water consumption unit vary with its use.
3.3 Factors Effect Water Consumption
These are following factors which effect the water consumption:
i.

Climate

ii.

Standard of Living

iii.

Quality of water

iv.

Metering

v.

Size of City

vi.

Pressure in system

vii.

Type of Water

viii.

Cost of Water

ix.

Level of Service

3.4: Components Of Water Supply System

Collection

Purification

Transmission

Distribuition

3.5 Methods of Water Distribution

Purpose of distribution system is to deliver water to consumer with appropriate quality,
quantity and pressure.
Depending upon the level of source, topography of the area and other conditions water
may be forced into distribution system by the following ways:
1. Gravity
It is suitable when the source of supply is at sufficient height.
2. Direct Pumping
Water is directly pumped into the main distribution network without storage. It is also
known as direct pumping.
3. Pumping with storage
In this system water is pumped and stored into elevated storage tank .which further
supply water to the main distribution network by action of gravity.
3.6 Pressure In Distribution System
Pressure in distribution system should be in range of 14 to 30 m .If pressure is less then
14m ,contaminates from nearby ditches can be drawn into the water system.
3.7 Hydraulics Of Water Distribution
Flow unit is LPS
Head loss formula H-W=HL=10.68*(Q/C) 1.85*L/d4.87
Q= Average design flow in m3/sec
C=Roughness coefficient (For GI pipe)
4

L=Length of pipe in m
D=Diameter of pipe in m
Q=Av
A=Area of pipe
V=velocity

4. DESIGN CRITERIA USED IN PROJECT

4.1 Design Period
Design period mean the number of future years up to which the present facility would
meet the demand. Selection of an appropriate Design period for a particular facility
depends upon following factors.

Length or life of structure

Ease of extension
First cost
Rate of interest (design period is shorter)

Economy of scale
Lead time
By keeping in view of these factors design period in given case study is 20 years.
4.2 Population Estimation
In the given case we assume that total 8 number of people living per house.
Total number of population per Flat is 500 & 700 people living per Apartment.
Total estimation population for next 20 years.

Population of plots=total number of plots*number of people per house =

(8*281)=2248

Population of apartment=total number of apartments*number of people reside

per apt.
= (700*3) =2100

Population of flat =total number of flats * number of people reside per flat=
(500*3) =1500

Total est. population =2248+1500+2100=5848

4.3 Per Capita Consumption:

Per capita water consumption assumed= (250+17) =267
Design flow=5848*267=1561416 lit/day (18.07 lit/sec)

5. CALCULATION
5.1 Design of Pump Head
Formula
Design Head =Depth of Water +Losses in pipe +safe head+ Draw down of tube
well +Difference in elevation between O.H.T & Reservoir + Height of O.H.T
Given values:
Draw down of tube well =30=30*0.304=9.144 m
Difference in elevation between O.H.T & Reservoir = 0 (assumed)
Height of O.H.T =20m
Safe head=10=10*0.304=3.048m
Depth of water=100=30.4
Losses in pipe =?
Now, we find losses in the pipe from reservoir to O.H.T
Formula used:
HL=10.68(Q/C) ^1.85*L/d^4.87
Q=18.07 lit/sec =18.07/1000=0.01807 m3/sec
Sum of the length of all the pipes =1915m
Roughness coefficient C=120
6

Diameter=300mm=0.3m
Solution=HL=10.68*(0.01807/120) 1.85*1915/ (0.3) 4.87=0.6111m
Design head for pump =30.1+9.144+0.6111+3.04+20=62.8951m
5.2 Storage Tank
Storage tank is design to meet the maximum daily demand

5.3 Pipe Losses

HL=10.68*(Q/C) 1.85*L/d4.87

Total losses =0.6111m

Q=Av

5.4 Pump Used

MB series of CG Centrifugal Monoset Pumps are used .Pumps consist of dynamically
balanced rotors and impellers which ensure vibration free operation and enhance
life.
Features:

Uni-casing construction
Separate base plate and coupling / coupling guard not required
Flat performance curves at high delivery rates, to prevent motor overloading even
during prolonged use
Good Suction capacities at both low and high delivery rates
Suitable for horizontal mounting with top central discharge
Reduced numbers of parts with space saving innovative construction

Standard Specifications:

Range: 3ph - 0.75 kW to 22.5 kW (1HP to 30.0 HP)

Supply: 415 V, 50Hz, 3 phase AC
Pipe size: 40 x 32 mm to 100 x 100 mm
Total head: Upto 75 Meters
Capacity: Upto 2140 LPM

Liquid: Clear Water

Rotation: Clockwise as viewed from motor
end
Electric Motor
TEFC, SCR, 2 or 4 Pole (3000 or 1500 RPM
Syn. Speed) Electric Motor for 415V, 50Hz, 3
phase
AC
supply
Applications:
Domestic water supply
Public water supply schemes

6. RESULTS
6.1 Attachment of Map

10

6.2: Map Showing Different Parameters At The Nodes And Links

11

6.3: Table For Calculation Of Base Demand

TABLE FOR CALCULATION OF NODAL DEMAND

NODE
No.

Plots

Flats

Apartments

Tot
pop.

Average
Demand(
l/d)

Av.
demand(l/s)

Max.deman
d(l/s)

(Tot.pop
*(250*17
)*

(Aveargede
mand
l/d/86400)

(Average
demand
*1.5)

Peak
Hour
demand(
l/s)
(Average
demand
*2.25)

Total Pop.

N
o

Pop.

No

Pop.

N1

N.
of
plo
ts
0

700

700

186900

2.16

3.245

4.87

N2

35

280

280

74760

0.87

1.298

1.95

N3

700

700

186900

2.16

3.245

4.87

N4

18

144

144

38448

0.45

0.668

1.00

N5

15

120

120

32040

0.37

0.556

0.83

N6

11

88

88

23496

0.27

0.408

0.61

N7

11

88

88

23496

0.27

0.408

0.61

N8

11

88

88

23496

0.27

0.408

0.61

N9

13

104

104

27768

0.32

0.482

0.72

N10

13

104

250

354

94518

1.09

1.641

2.46

N11

17

136

0.
5
0

136

36312

0.42

0.630

0.95

N12

15

120

250

370

98790

1.14

1.715

2.57

N13

15

120

0.
5
0

120

32040

0.37

0.556

0.83

N14

500

500

133500

1.55

2.318

3.48

N15

27

216

216

57672

0.67

1.001

1.50

N16

500

500

133500

1.55

2.318

3.48

N17

23

184

184

49128

0.57

0.853

1.28

N18

11

88

88

23496

0.27

0.408

0.61

N19

14

112

300

412

110004

1.27

1.910

2.86

N20

400

400

106800

1.24

1.854

2.78

N21

10

80

AP(3
)
AP(3
)
0

80

21360

0.25

0.371

0.56

N22

22

176

176

46992

0.54

0.816

1.22

TOTAL

28
1

2248

1500

2100

5848

1561416

18.07

27.108

40.66

lit/d
ay

(18.0
7
Lit/S
ec)

*Avera
ge
design
flow =

5848*(250
+17)

15614
16

12

6.4: Representation Of Results in table form output files (EPA.NET)

Page 1
10/31/2013 6:36:05 PM
**********************************************************************
*
E P A N E T
*
*
Hydraulic and Water Quality
*
*
Analysis for Pipe Networks
*
*
Version 2.0
*
**********************************************************************
Input File: epanet.net

Link - Node Table:

---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Start
End
Length Diameter
ID
Node
Node
m
mm
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI1
JU1
JU2
164
80
PI2
JU2
JU3
61
80
PI3
JU3
JU4
86
100
PI4
JU4
JU5
22
150
PI5
JU5
JU6
35
100
PI6
JU6
JU7
100
80
PI7
JU6
JU8
40
100
PI8
JU8
JU9
100
80
PI9
JU8
JU10
35
100
PI10
JU10
JU11
100
80
PI11
JU10
JU12
40
80
PI12
JU12
JU13
110
100
PI13
JU13
JU5
40
150
PI16
JU13
JU15
35
150
PI18
JU15
JU14
110
100
PI19
JU14
JU12
35
80
PI20
JU14
JU16
47
80
PI22
JU16
JU17
110
100
PI23
JU17
JU15
47
150
PI24
JU16
JU18
53
80
PI25
JU17
JU19
55
150
PI26
JU19
JU18
110
100
PI27
JU19
JU20
43
150
PI28
JU20
JU21
40
100
PI29
JU22
JU13
40
100
PI30
JU22
JU21
180
100
PI31
JU22
JU2
58
100
PI32
JU23
TK1
18
300
PI33
TK1
JU15
24
300
PI34
JU23
JU15
20
300
PU1
RS1
JU23
#N/A
#N/A Pump

13

Page 2
Energy Usage:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Usage
Avg.
Kw-hr
Avg.
Peak
Cost
Pump
Factor Effic.
/m3
Kw
Kw
/day
---------------------------------------------------------------------PU1
100.00 60.00
0.31
16.95
16.95
7324.15
---------------------------------------------------------------------Demand Charge:
0.00
Total Cost:
7324.15
Node Results:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Node
Demand
Head Pressure
Quality
ID
LPS
m
m
---------------------------------------------------------------------JU1
2.16
280.10
29.10
0.00
JU2
0.86
280.72
29.72
0.00
JU3
2.16
280.73
29.73
0.00
JU4
0.44
280.87
29.87
0.00
JU5
0.37
280.87
29.87
0.00
JU6
0.27
280.84
29.84
0.00
JU7
0.27
280.84
29.84
0.00
JU8
0.27
280.83
29.83
0.00
JU9
0.32
280.82
29.82
0.00
JU10
1.09
280.82
29.82
0.00
JU11
0.42
280.80
29.80
0.00
JU12
1.14
280.85
29.85
0.00
JU13
0.37
280.91
29.91
0.00
JU15
0.66
281.00
30.00
0.00
JU14
1.54
280.87
29.87
0.00
JU16
1.54
280.88
29.88
0.00
JU17
0.56
280.94
29.94
0.00
JU18
0.27
280.89
29.89
0.00
JU19
1.27
280.90
29.90
0.00
JU20
1.23
280.90
29.90
0.00
JU21
0.24
280.88
29.88
0.00
JU22
0.54
280.84
29.84
0.00
JU23
0.00
281.00
30.00
0.00
RS1
-15.04
212.00
0.00
0.00 Reservoir
TK1
-2.95
281.00
10.00
0.00 Tank
Link Results:
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow VelocityUnit Headloss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI1
-2.16
0.43
3.84
Open
PI2
-0.27
0.05
0.08
Open
PI3
-2.43
0.31
1.61
Open
PI4
-2.87
0.16
0.30
Open
PI5
1.74
0.22
0.86
Open
PI6
0.27
0.05
0.08
Open

14

Page 3
Link Results: (continued)
---------------------------------------------------------------------Link
Flow Velocity Unit Head loss
Status
ID
LPS
m/s
m/km
---------------------------------------------------------------------PI7
1.20
0.15
0.43
Open
PI8
0.32
0.06
0.11
Open
PI9
0.61
0.08
0.12
Open
PI10
0.42
0.08
0.18
Open
PI11
-0.90
0.18
0.77
Open
PI12
-1.29
0.16
0.50
Open
PI13
4.97
0.28
0.84
Open
PI16
-9.10
0.51
2.58
Open
PI18
2.02
0.26
1.14
Open
PI19
0.75
0.15
0.55
Open
PI20
-0.27
0.05
0.08
Open
PI22
-1.38
0.18
0.57
Open
PI23
-6.21
0.35
1.27
Open
PI24
-0.43
0.09
0.19
Open
PI25
4.26
0.24
0.63
Open
PI26
0.70
0.09
0.16
Open
PI27
2.30
0.13
0.20
Open
PI28
1.07
0.14
0.35
Open
PI29
-2.47
0.31
1.65
Open
PI30
-0.83
0.11
0.22
Open
PI31
2.75
0.35
2.02
Open
PI32
4.94
0.07
0.03
Open
PI33
7.89
0.11
0.07
Open
PI34
10.10
0.14
0.11
Open
PU1
15.04
0.00
-69.00
Open Pump

15

7: RECOMMENDAIONS & SUGGESTION

Installation of a purification plant at OHT .After some year water to the houses is
not suitable for drinking purpose.

To check the decrease in pressure because of the forceful.

Analysis of further requirement of strengthening of the network i.e. distribution

system for any specific land use or any area.

The study of revenue generation by metering the entire consumer.

16

REFERENCES

http://www.indiamart.com/precisionengineers/water-pumps.html

http://www.academia.edu/1860889/WATER_DEMAND_ANALYSIS_OF_MUN
ICIPAL_WATER_SUPPLY_USING_EPANET_SOFTWARE

17

18