Frieze Patterns

Alicia Stevenson & Jessica Mavis

Table of Contents

Page

Introduction.........................................................................................1 History.............................................................................................2-3 Seven Pattern Types.......................................................................3-5 ctivity................................................................................................! Conclusion.........................................................................................." #eferences.........................................................................................$

Introduction %&bservation is t'e best (et'od to use in searc'ing for patterns. Stop) loo*) and listen) and t'en t'in* about +'at you 'ave seen and 'eard, -S'i(e*) 5.. s you +al*

do+n t'e street) as you listen to (usic) as you sit in a classroo() you/ll find patterns of s'apes) notes) or color. %T'is *no+ledge can 'elp you better understand 'o+ t'e +orld +or*s, -S'i(e*) 5.. Patterns are used to create and to predict. #ecipes are patterns t'at every ti(e +e follo+) +e get t'e sa(e t'ing. rc'itects use blueprints as t'eir

pattern to build a building. 0usicians put patterns of notes toget'er to create (elodies) songs) and sy(p'onies. rtists use patterns to create (asterpieces. %Patterns used as

aids in creating t'ings can often be t'oug't of as (odels, -S'i(e*) $.. T'ey can be used to predict t'e +eat'er. Patterns can predict election outco(es. 1octors use t'e( to prescribe (edicine. Scientists use patterns in e2peri(ents. In (at'e(atics) Pascal/s Triangle is a pattern t'at predicts probability outco(es. %3'en +e observe a repeated pattern in +allpaper or fabric) +e find t'at an ob4ect 'as si(ply been (oved up or do+n or to t'e side. T'is *ind of order of sy((etry is called translational, -Hillen) 35.. frie6e is a decorative 'ori6ontal band.

-+++.dictionary.co(. In (at'e(atics) patterns t'at are repeated along a line are called frie6e patterns. T'ey 'ave translational sy((etry +it' t'e part t'at repeats being a tile. Strip patterns or frie6e patterns are decorative and found in (any cultures. 7ative (erican bas*ets and pottery) C'inese and Persian carpets) and on t'e +alls) t'e floors) and t'e ceilings of ancient 8ree*) #o(an) and Isla(ic buildings display t'ese frie6e patterns. T'ey can also be seen in border patterns) needlepoint stitc'es) and iron+or* railings a(ong ot'er places. -Serra.

History Ste((ing fro( t'e 'istory of sy((etry) (an found t'e seven possible strip patterns and t'e seventeen possible +allpaper patterns) along +it' t'irty-t+o types of repetitive patterns in crystals. 9ro( t'ese patterns +e 'ave (odern day tiling) +allpaper) and border prints : or frie6e patterns. -Hay. T'e ancient 8ree*s used t'e frie6e as part of a stone entablature) and t'en later it +as applied to +all paper as si(ply a decorative band at t'e top of a +all. ;et %t'ere is not'ing si(ple about t'e 'istory of t'e +allpaper frie6e, -<elly.. In 1$=1) one decorating aut'ority co(plained about t'e large patterns on +alls t'at +ere (a*ing roo(s see( very s(all. %So out +it' t'e large) in +it' t'e s(all, -<elly.. T'in borders at t'e top of a +'ite or gold papered +all +ere considered t'e (ost elegant. In t'e late 1$!>s) ?nglis' taste(a*er C'arles ?astla*e created a +all treat(ent t'at included frie6e) side+all) and dado. T'is didn/t catc' on rig't a+ay since t'e (ar*et for custo(-(ade +all treat(ent +as s(all. @ut by t'e 1$$>s) frie6es beca(e (ore elaborate +'ile t'e side+all and dadoes (ore plain. ?ventually t'e dado fell a+ay and t'e side+allAfrie6e sc'e(e continued to be popular until after 15>>. 3'at 'as lasted even t'roug' today is t'e frie6e as a +allpaper border. T'e frie6es +ere custo((ade) 'and-stenciled) to (atc' furniture or carpet) +it' co(pli(enting e(broidered pillo+s and dyed linen tableclot's. fter 1525 t'oug') t'is custo( product died a+ay as

it reBuired a (ass (ar*et to survive. -<elly. s far as t'e frie6e goes in t'e (at'e(atical +orld) (at'e(atician Co'n Con+ay created na(es t'at relate to footsteps for eac' of t'e frie6e groups. T'e first group being a 'op) t'e second a step) t'e t'ird a sidle) t'e fourt' a spinning 'op) t'e fift' a

spinning sidle) t'e si2t' a 4u(p) and t'e sevent' a spinning 4u(p. T'is (ade for a (ore practical approac' to visuali6ing t'e seven different frie6e groups.

Seven Pattern Types frie6e is a pattern t'at repeats itself in one direction. T'ere are seven different frie6e patterns possible. translation is t'e first pattern. translation slides all t'e points in t'e plane

t'e sa(e distance in t'e sa(e direction. ll frie6e patterns (ap onto t'e(selves under a translation. T'e only transfor(ation in t'e figure belo+ is a translation.

T'e second pattern is a glide reflection +'ic' slides t'e figure to t'e rig't and t'en reflects it over a 'ori6ontal (irror. T'is pattern in t'is figure is a glide reflection.

T'e t'ird pattern is a vertical reflection.

reflection flips all t'e points in t'e

plane over a line -called a (irror.. T'e pattern belo+ is an e2a(ple of a reflection across a vertical (irror. T'e das'ed line is an e2a(ple of a vertical (irror.

T'e fourt' pattern is a rotation.

rotation turns all t'e points in t'e plane 1$>

degrees around a point. T'e pattern in t'e follo+ing figure 'as t+o 'alf turns. T'e green point is an e2a(ple of a rotation point.

A vertical reflection, rotation and a glide reflection (a*e up pattern nu(ber five. T'e follo+ing pattern is a reflection across a vertical (irror) rotation) and a glide reflection. T'e green point and t'e das'ed line are e2a(ples of a rotation point and a vertical (irror) respectively.

T'e si2t' pattern is a horizontal reflection and a glide reflection. T'is is displayed in t'e figure belo+.

T'e last pattern contains a rotation, horizontal reflection, vertical reflection, and a glide reflection. T'e follo+ing figure displays t'is pattern. T'e green point and t'e das'ed line are e2a(ples of a rotation point and a vertical (irror) respectively.

Frieze Patterns
Hands-On Activity
Materials - set of si2 #/s - roo( to investigate Objectives - understand transfor(ationsD translation) reflection) rotation - observe 'o+ t'ese transfor(ations for( frie6e patterns Application - identify frie6e patterns in our surroundings

9rie6e Pattern 1 D EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 9rie6e Pattern 2 D EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 9rie6e Pattern 3 D EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 9rie6e Pattern = D EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 9rie6e Pattern 5 D EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 9rie6e Pattern ! D EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE 9rie6e Pattern " D EEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE

Conclusion frie6e pattern consists of repeated copies) along a line) of a single figure or bloc* called a tile. 9rie6e patterns are classified by t'e iso(etries t'at for(ed t'e pattern. T'ey can be found in (any places suc' as) +allpaper borders) pottery) buildings) Builts) and (any ot'er for(s of art. 9rie6e patterns so(eti(es prove to be difficult to classifyF using t'e above c'art s'ould (a*e t'e iso(etries t'at for( t'e frie6e pattern a little easier to identify and 'elp to classify t'e patternG

#eferences %9rie6e,. 23 pril 2>>!. H'ttpDAA+++.dictionary.co(I. Hay) 9rances #. 23 pril 2>>!. H'ttpDAAcourses.+cupa.eduA4*errigaAJessonsA8?&0?T#;.'t(lI. Hillen) Cudit' . Pieces K PatternsD 9oundation) 15$!. Patc'+or* in 0at' K Science. I0S ?ducation

<elly) #obert 0. 9rie6e 9ra(e. 23 pril 2>>!. H'ttpDAA+++.old'ouse4ournal.co(A(aga6ineA2>>1AsepEoctAfrie6e.s't(lI. 0c1onald) Cudi. %9rie6e 1esigns in Indigenous rt,. 22 pril 2>>!. H'ttpDAA(at'central.uregina.caA##AdatabaseA##.>5.>1A(cdonald1I. #eid) 1avid . %9rie6e Patterns,. = pril 2>>3. H'ttpDAAplato.acadiau.caACoursesAeducA#eidA8eo(etryASy((etryAfrie6e.'t(lI. Serra) 0ic'ael. 1iscovering 8eo(etryD n Inductive pproac'. <ey Curriculu( Press) 155". S'i(e*) 3illia(. PatternsD +'at are t'eyL Jerner Publications Co(pany) 15!5.