QGIS
Launch QGIS
Launch QGIS from
Start All Programs Quantum GIS OR QGIS Icon on the desk top
Open window Quantum GIS (Figure 1.1 below
Figure 1.1
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Opening Raster
For this e#ercise we demonstrate three t$pes of GIS data
point line pol$gon.
%hese re&uire geo'referenced base data. Such base data could be in the form of
%opo sheets (adastral maps ()illage maps Remote sensed images
eg.* Google earth images* IRS data* L+,-S+% data.
%he accompan$ing (- pro)ides a registered image named [Link]. Open this file b$ selecting Add Raster Layer icon (Figure 1.!
.
Figure 1.2
Opening Raster
Open a GDAL Supported Raster Data Source window opens (Figure 1." Select [Link] and select Open (Figure 1." Obser)e the [Link] opened in the window (Figure 1..
0
Figure 1.3
Figure 1.4
Verifying geo-referencing
%he opened raster file is geo'referenced %o confirm the geo'referencing mo)e the cursor on the opened map3 coordinates change in the coordinate window at the bottom of the screen (Figure 1./
Figure 1.
15
!reation of Vector "oint #ata
%o create a new point la$er select the icon ,ew Shapefile La$er (Figure 1.0 Step 1 + window pops up titled 6(oordinate Reference S$stem Selector7 (Figure 1.1 Select as the coordinate reference s$stem 8GS 2. (Figure 1.1 Select OK + window titled ,ew 9ector La$er is displa$ed (Figure 1.2
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Figure 1.$
1!
Figure 1.%
1"
Figure 1.&
1.
!reation of Vector "oint #ata
In Figure 1.2 select option ype and then arro Point 8e need to add :attributes; ne#t. %his step re&uires planning in detail For eg.* an anti' poaching camp can ha)e the attributes<
1. ,umber of staff !. ,umber of G=S etc
,e#t create la$er of )illages with attributes such as<
1. !. ". .. ,ame %aluk -istrict =opulation
1/
!reation of Vector "oint #ata
In the same window note the !e" attri#ute bo#< it has attributes of !ame* ype* $idt% and Precision
Step &
+dd new attributes (Figure 1.4
Name< )illage Type< te#t Width< .5 (this is sub>ecti)e decision as place names are generall$ within .5 characters
(ome to Attri#ute List bo# (Figure 1.4
Select Add to attri#ute list
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Figure 1.'
11
!reation of Vector "oint #ata
+dd taluk and district data in )illage attributes
b$ repeating Step &
+dd population data< to do this* we need to set ype of data in whole number (Figure 1.15 repeat Step & (Figure 1.11 +fter this select OK (Figure 1.11 ?ou will be guided to the Sa'e As window. Select the director$ in which $ou would like to sa)e the data. For this e#ample name it as :(illage) (Figure 1.1! Select Sa'e.
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Figure 1.1(
14
Figure 1.11
!5
Figure 1.12
!1
!reation of Vector "oint #ata
On@sa)ing*@la$er@@is@stored@in@specified@folder %his@la$er@@is@automaticall$@added@to@the@QGIS@ window.@ (
[email protected]"
!!
Figure 1.13
!"
!reation of Vector "oint #ata
,e#t*@@add@)illages@(features @to@the@)illage@la$er %o@do@this@the@la$er@has@to@be@made@editable
Step *
Select@the@la$er@and@then@select@ oggle editing icon@ ([email protected]. On@enabling*@in@the@la$er@window*@the@toggle@acti)e@ icon@is@enabled@([email protected]/ On@its@enabling*@other@icons@related@@ne#t@to@%oggle editing icon@are@also@acti)ated@([email protected]/
!.
Figure 1.14
!/
Figure 1.1
!0
Creation of vector point data
!1
!reation of Vector "oint #ata
Select the icon of +oom In. ,ow Aoom to the area of interest b$ (Figure 1.10 =lace the (Figure 1.11 on the interested area and click
8e ha)e Aoomed to the area (Figure 1.12 Select the icon ,apture point (Figure 1.12
!2
Figure 1.1$
!4
Figure 1.1%
"5
Figure.1.1&
"1
Figure 1.1'
"!
!reation of Vector "oint #ata
Step =lace the on the )illage selected and right click (Figure 1.14 + window with title Attri#utes is opened (Figure 1.!5 Bnter the )alues for different attributes (Figure 1.!1
Id .default/< 1 !ame .as in t%e topo0s%eet/< Ceggudlu alu1< C- Dote District< E$sore Population .from census/< /5
Select OK (Figure 1.!1
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Figure 1.2(
".
Figure 1.21
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!reation of Vector "oint #ata
,otice marked )illage can be seen on the map (Figure 1.!! Repeat Step - (see page ". Finall$ a map with )illages in the ,ugu is displa$ed (Figure 1.!"
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Figure 1.22
"1
Figure 1.23
"2
Creation of vector line data
"4
!reation of )ector *ine +ata - roa+
%o create new line la$er select the icon !e" s%ape layer (Figure 1.0* page 11 (omplete Step 1 .page 15 +s in Figure 1.2 where under %$pe* :point; was selected* select :Line; (Figure 1.!. ,e#t we need to add attributes (Figure 1.!. +ttributes associated ype of t%e road +fter this step* select OK (Figure 1.!.
.5
Figure 1.24
.1
!reation of )ector *ine +ata
?ou will be guided to Sa'e as window as pre)iousl$ done in Figure 1.1! (page !5
Select the director$ in which $ou would like to sa)e the data. In this e#ample name it as :road; (Figure 1.!/
Select Sa'e3 on sa)ing* la$er is stored in specified folder (Figure 1.!/ %his la$er is automaticall$ added to the QGIS window (Figure 1.!0
.!
Figure 1.2
."
Figure 1.2$
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!reation of )ector *ine +ata
,e#t we need to add roads (features to the road la$er. %o do this we ha)e to make this la$er editable. Select the la$er and then select oggle editing icon (Figure 1.!1 On enabling* in the la$er window* the oggle acti'e icon is enabled
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Figure 1.2%
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!reation of )ector *ine +ata
Foom to the area of interest b$ selecting the icon of +oom In (as in Figure 1.10* page !1 %hen place the on the interested area and click (as in Figure 1.11* page !2 Step 2 8e ha)e Aoomed to the area (Figure 1.!2 Select the icon ,apture Line (Figure 1.!2 =lace marker on road that we ha)e to digitiAe and left clic1 (Figure 1.!4
.1
Figure 1.2&
.2
Figure 1.2'
.4
!reation of )ector *ine +ata
=lace the marker to ne#t position and left clic1 (Figure 1."5 Repeat the same process till the ne#t >unction (for e.g.* change in direction is re&uired Similarl$* continue till where $ou would like to end the process* rig%t clic1. + window with title Attri#utes is opened (Figure 1."1 Bnter the information for different attributes (Figure 1."1
Id .default/< 1 ype 3 Eud road
Select OK (Figure 1."1
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Figure 1.3(
/1
Figure 1.31
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!reation of )ector *ine +ata
8e can notice digitiAed road can be seen on the map (see Figure 1."! (end of Step 2 Gefore starting the ne#t segment* to a)oid the problems of a undershoot and b dangles* we need to enable snapping option. %o enable snapping< Setting Snapping option (see Figure 1.""
a @ undershoot@
b @dangles
/"
Figure 1.32
/.
Figure 1.33
//
!reation of )ector *ine +ata
+ window of Snapping options appears (Figure 1.". Select the la$er roads* (Figure 1.".
Eode to )erte# %olerance 5.555/ (this is a sub>ecti)e decision Hnits map units
Select OK (Figure 1.". Repeat Step 2 till all roads are digitiAed (Figure 1."/ and remo)e the oggle editing Sa'e the la$er (Figure 1."0
/0
Figure 1.34
/1
Figure 1.3
/2
Figure 1.3$
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!reation of )ector *ine +ata
Finall$ we need to disable snapping option
Select Setting Snapping options unselect road la$er (See Figure 1. "1
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Figure 1.3%
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!reation of )ector *ine +ata
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!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
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!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata - ,ater-o+y
%o create new pol$gon la$er select the icon !e" s%ape layer (Figure 1.0* page 11 and complete Step 1 +s in Figure 1.2* (page 1" and Figure 1.!. (page "4 where point and line was selected respecti)el$* select ype as :=ol$gon; (Figure 1."2 ,e#t we need to add attributes (see Figure 1."2
,ame
+fter this step* select OK (Figure 1."2
0.
Figure 1.3&
0/
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
?ou will be guided to Sa'e as window as pre)iousl$ done in Figure 1.1! (page !5
Select the director$ in which $ou would like to sa)e the data. In this e#ample name it as waterbod$ (Figure 1."4
Select Sa'e ( Figure 1."4 On sa)ing* la$er is stored in specified folder %his la$er is automaticall$ added to the QGIS window ( Figure 1..5
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Figure 1.3'
01
Figure 1.4(
02
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
,e#t we need to add water bodies (features to the waterbodies la$er. %o do this we ha)e to make this la$er editable. Select the la$er and then select oggle editing icon (Figure 1..1 On enabling* in the la$er window* the oggle acti'e icon is enabled
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Figure 1.41
15
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
Select the area of interest and Aoom if re&uired b$ selecting the icon of +oom In (as in Figure 1.10 to 1.12 pages !1 to !4 %hen place the on the interested area and left clic1 (as in Figure 1.11 page !2
Step 4
8e ha)e Aoomed to the area (Figure 1..! Select the icon ,apture Polygon (Figure 1..! =lace marker on boundar$ of water bod$ that we ha)e to digitiAe and left clic1 (Figure 1.."
11
Figure 1.42
1!
Figure 1.43
1"
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
=lace the marker to ne#t position and left clic1 (Figure 1... Repeat the same process till we complete the pol$gon and rig%t clic1
,ote< if the )iewing window co)ers onl$ some portion of the area* then use up arrow ke$ for scrolling up or down'arrow ke$ or side wa$ arrow ke$s ( I for re&uired scrolling
1.
Figure 1.44
1/
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
+ window with title Attri#utes is opened (Figure 1../ Bnter the )alues for different attributes (Figure 1../
Id .default/< 1 name< ,ugu
Select OK (Figure 1../
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Figure 1.4
11
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
8e can see digitiAed waterbod$ on the map (Figure 1..0 (end of Step 4
,ote< If another pol$gon is ad>acent to the digitiAed pol$gon* we need to enable snapping option to a)oid the problems of a o)erlapping area and b sli)ers
%o enable snapping< Setting option (as in Figure 1.""* page /"
Snapping
a @o)erlapping
b @sli)ers
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Figure 1.4$
14
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
+ window of Snapping options appears (Figure 1..1 Select the la$er waterbodies* (Figure 1..1 Eode to )erte# and segment %olerance 5.555/ (this is a sub>ecti)e decision Hnits map units Select OK (Figure 1..1 Repeat Step 4 till all water bodies are digitiAed (Figure 1..2 Remo)e the oggle editing and Sa'e the la$er (Figure 1..4
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Figure 1.4%
21
Figure 1.4&
2!
Figure 1.4'
2"
!reation of )ector po*ygon +ata
Finall$ we need to disable snapping option Select< Setting Snapping options whitunselect waterbodies (Figure 1./5 %he final output is read$ (Figure 1./1
2.
Figure 1. (
2/
Figure 1. 1
20
!o*oring [Link]
21
!o*oring [Link]
Steps to be followed +ppropriate (olors to depict the theme
For e#ample* 5orests 3 6se green s%ades Roads3 6se #ro"n s%ades $ater#odies3 6se #lue s%ades 5ence3 6se #lac1 s%ades
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Organi/ing *ayers in hierarchy
Gefore (oloring la$ers organiAe the la$ers in the order of point* line and pol$gon features (Figure 1./! Select concerned la$er and drag it up or down
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Figure 1. 2
45
"oint Sty*e
Step 7 %o change the color of point data* dou#le clic1 on the point data ()illage la$er . La$er properties window opens (Figure 1./" Bnd Step 7 La$er properties has )arious tabs< Style8 La#els8 5ields8 General8 9etadata8 Actions8 :oins and Diagram (Figure 1./"
41
"oint Sty*e
Step < Select Style (Figure 1./" In st$le we can change ,olor 8 Si;e8 6nit* etc. Let us change the color
Select ,%ange (Figure 1./. Select ,olor window opens (Figure 1.// Select (olor b$ placing J on the selected (olor* the select OK (Figure 1./0
Bnd Step <
4!
Figure 1. 3
4"
Figure 1. 4
4.
Figure 1.
4/
Figure 1. $
40
"oint Sty*e
In the la$er properties we can notice color has changed (Figure 1./1 Select OK (Figure 1./1 (olor change can be noticed in the )illage la$er (Figure 1./2
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Figure 1. %
42
Figure 1. &
44
Line Sty*e
%o@change@the@color@of@road@follow@Step 7 (page@24 Layer Properties window@opens@(Figure@1./4
Select@from@sa)ed@st$les@an@s$mbol@appropriated@ for@roads*@and@e)en@set@width@appropriatel$@ ([email protected] Select@OK ([email protected]
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Figure 1. '
151
Figure 1.$(
15!
"o*ygon Sty*e
%o@change@the@color@of@pol$gon@follow@Step 7 (page@24 Follow@Step <*@(page@45 @and@we@get@an@output@ as@in@[email protected]
15"
Figure 1.$1
15.
0ap [Link]
15/
![Link] of 0ap
+ output map should ha)e Scale Legend ,orth +rrow Grid (with coordinates %o create map select !e" Print ,omposer (Figure !.1 %he ,omposer opens (Figure !.! (omposer has the buttons* General8 Item and ,ommand %istory (Figure !.!
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Figure 2.1
151
Figure 2.2
152
1++ing a ne2 .ap
Select Add ne" map (Figure !." +fter selection* drag on the can)as b$ left clic1 of arrow. (Figure !.. On releasing the finger from left button of mouse* a map with )arious la$ers appears in the QGIS displa$ window. (Figure !./
154
Figure 2.3
(an)as
115
Figure 2.4
111
Figure 2.
11!
1+3usting the .ap
In Figure !./ the complete displa$ area is not used b$ the map3 to change this select Item (Figure !.0 G$ selecting either $idt%8 =eig%t or Scale the map can use the complete displa$ area For now* let us select Scale (Figure !.0 (hange Scale )alue to appropriate )alues (Figure !.1 %hen select Grid(Figure !.1
11"
Figure 2.$
11.
Figure 2.%
11/
Gri+ creation
Select S%o" Grid (Figure !.2 Bnter appropriate )alues (Figure !.2
Inter'al > 3 5.5. Inter'al ? 3 5.5"/
Scroll down (Figure !.4
Select Dra" annotation (Figure !.4 (hange Annotation Position and Annotation direction appropriatel$ (Figure !.4 K
K@%hese@are@sub>ecti)e@decisions@and@dependent@on@the@pro>ection@s$stem@used.@
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Figure 2.&
111
Figure 2.'
112
1++ing 4orth 1rro2
,e#t add a north arrow. Select Add Image (Figure !.15 Left clic1 on the can)as* a window appears* and in the Item window )arious images are displa$ed (Figure !.11 Scroll do"n till we get the appropriate ,orth arrow image (Figure !.1! In the Item General options de'select S%o" frames (Figure !.1! and Figure !.1"
114
Figure 2.1(
1!5
Figure 2.11
1!1
Figure 2.12
1!!
Figure 2.13
1!"
1++ing Sca*e -ar
,e#t add scale to the map Add ne" scale #ar (Figure !.1. Left clic1 on can)as* a window appears. In the Item window Scale #ar tab is displa$ed (Figure !.1/ Bnter appropriate )aluesK (Figure !.10
Segment si;e< 5.51 9ap units per #ar< 1 6nit la#el< deg
In the Item General options de'select S%o" frames (as in Figure !.1! and Figure !.1"
K %hese@are@sub>ecti)e@decisions@and@dependent@on@the@pro>ection@s$stem@used.@
1!.
Figure 2.14
1!/
Figure 2.1
1!0
Figure 2.1$
1!1
1++ing Legen+
%he final step is to add a legend* select Add ne" 'ect legend Left clic1 on the can)as* a window appears* and in the Item window General tab is displa$ed (Figure !.12 Select Legend items (Figure !.12 Legend items ta# opens (Figure !.14
1!2
Figure 2.1%
1!4
Figure 2.1&
1"5
![Link] Legen+
%o remo)e unnecessar$ items from legend
Select nugu and select (Figure !.14
%o modif$ legend items
Select Items and select Legend items (Figure !.!5 In Legend items window select the Layer and select the icon resembling editing ( Figure !.!5
+ Legend item properties window opens (Figure !.!1 In Item te@t rename if re&uired3 then select OK (Figure !.!! For rest of the la$ers* repeat the process described in Figures !5* !1 and !!* if re&uired (Figure !.!"
1"1
Figure 2.1'
1"!
Figure 2.2(
1""
Figure 2.21
1".
Figure 2.22
1"/
Figure@!.!"
1"0
(ustomising Eap@window
In the Item Item options de'select S%o" frames as in Figure !.1!* page 11 (Figure !.!. Finall$* all the re&uired elements are placed on the can)as3 rearrange the same to con)e$ the message in a elegant wa$ (Figure !.!/ Sa)e the composer window b$ selecting Sa'e as template (Figure !.!0 %he Sa'e template window opens* enter the file name ,ugu and select Sa'e ( Figure !.!1
1"1
Figure 2.24
1"2
Figure 2.2
1"4
Figure 2.2$
1.5
Figure 2.2%
1.1
Output options
%o@take@output@we@ha)e< B#port@as@Image@ B#port@as@=-F B#port@as@S9G@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Gi)e@a@=rint@
1.!
5he fina* .ap
1."
#ata fro. Fie*+ to G"S to QGIS
[Link] G"S +ata to G"S 5rac60ar6er %o import the data from G=S to QGIS* the following steps are in)ol)ed<
Running G=S %rackEarker (onnecting the G=S to the s$stem Importing the data to G=S %rackEarker Sa)ing it as G=L format.
1./
[Link] G"S +ata to G"S 5rac60ar6er Run G=S %rackEarker from =rogram file
(onnect and turn on the G=S G=S %rackEarker window opens (Figure ".1 Select< GPS option (Figure ".1 + dropdown window ha)ing )arious makes of G=S appears (Figure ".! Select the Garmin interface (Figure "."
1.0
Figure 3.1
1.1
Figure 3.2
1.2
Figure 3.3
1.4
[Link] G"S +ata to G"S 5rac60ar6er Garmin Interface window opens (Figure "..
,ote< 8indow gi)es information on the de)ice connected (e.g.* e%re# Legend * and the mode of connection as HSG (Figure "..
Select ,apture
ALLK (Figure "./
Fields get flooded with the )alues Select BLI% (Figure ".0
K -uring the field work if onl$ $aypoints or rac1s were collected please select $aypoints or rac1s respecti)el$ rather than ALL 1/5
Figure 3.4
1/1
Figure 3.
1/!
Figure 3.$
1/"
[Link] G"S +ata to G"S 5rac60ar6er %he output is displa$ed in the window (Figure ".1 ,e#t sa)e the data. Select 5ile Sa'e 5ile as (Figure ".2 Select Sa'e as type< G=S e#change file (.gp# format (Figure ".4 ,ame appropriatel$ and sa)e (Figure ".15
1/.
Figure 3.%
1//
Figure 3.&
1/0
Figure 3.'
1/1
Figure 3.1(
1/2
[Link] the +ata to QGIS
(lose the G=S %rackEarker application Open QGIS %o )iew this data in QGIS Select Gps tools icon (Figure ".11 Gps ools window appears Load GP> file arro Growse (Figure ".1! -irects to the sa)ed file. Select the gp# file created (Figure ".1"
1/4
Figure 3.11
105
Figure 3.12
101
Figure 3.13
10!
[Link] the +ata to QGIS
G=S tools window appears which is loaded with features and highlights )arious data ($aypoints8 Routes and rac1s (Figure ".1. -e'select routes (Figure ".1/ so that onl$ rac1s and $aypoints are downloaded Select OK (Figure ".1/ In Figure ".10 we can see that collected data is onl$ of %racks and 8a$points
10"
Figure 3.14
10.
Figure 3.1
10/
Figure 3.1$
100
Sa)ing the [Link]+ #ata
Sa)e the files one after the other b$ rig%t clic1ing Sa'e as (Figure ".11 Sa)e )ector la$er as (Figure ".12
Format< BSRI shapefiles Sa)e as< sa)e in desired folder (RS < 8GS 2.
Select OK (Figure ".12
101
Figure 3.1%
102
Figure 3.1&
104
Representation on 0ap
Remo)e both the la$ers. Load all the digitised la$ers from ,ugu area* and also the ,ugu map (as described in QGIS tutorial ,ow add the filed data sa)ed from G=S (onl$ shape files Select Add 'ector layer Aro"se select la$ers Open Once again* select Open (Figure ".14 %he output (Figure ".!5 would ha)e both the features (follow Eap composer tutorial
115
Figure 3.1'
111
Figure 3.2(
11!
Fina* output
11"
7n+ of QGIS ,or6shop 5utoria* for Forest 0anagers
