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BRITISH STANDARD
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Founding Designation system for cast iron Material symbols and material numbers
The European Standard EN 1560 : 1997 has the status of a British Standard
ICS 77.080.10
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BS EN 1560 : 1997
BS EN 1560 : 1997
National foreword
This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1560 : 1997. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/35, Cast iron, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.
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Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled `International Standards Correspondence Index', or by using the `Find' facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.
Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 10, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Board, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 October 1997 BSI 1997
Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected
ISBN 0 580 28376 3
EUROPEAN STANDARD ENNE NORME EUROPE ISCHE NORM EUROPA
EN 1560
June 1997
ICS 77.080.10 Descriptors: Foundry engineering, cast iron, grades, quality, designation, numerical designation, symbols, user supplier relations
English version
Founding Designation system for cast iron Material symbols and material numbers
Licensed Copy: lbocvzr lbocvzr, University of Loughborough, 25 June 2003, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSI
Fonderie Syste me de de signation pour la fonte De signation symbolique et nume rique
Giebereiwesen Bezeichnungssystem fu r Gubeisen Werkstoffkurzzeichen und Werkstoffnummern
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1997-05-02. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CEN
European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1997 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1560 : 1997 E
Page 2 EN 1560 : 1997
Foreword
This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190, Foundry technology, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 1997. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 1.11, Cast iron Designation and special technical delivery conditions, to prepare the following standard: EN 1560 Founding Designation system for cast iron Material symbols and material numbers
Contents
Foreword Introduction 1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Definitions 4 Designations of cast iron materials by symbols 5 Designations of cast iron materials by numbers Annex A (informative) Bibliography Annex B (normative) Overall structure for designation of cast iron materials by symbols Annex C (normative) Overall structure for designation of cast iron materials by numbers Page 2 3 3 3 3 3 5 7 8 9
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According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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Page 3 EN 1560 : 1997
Introduction
Cast iron materials can be designated either by symbols or by numbers for all grades. For the material number it is based on annex A to ISO/TR 7003 : 1990 in which a unique number is allocated to one cast iron grade.
4 Designation of cast iron materials by symbols
4.1 General There shall be only one designation by symbols for each cast iron material. 4.2 Material symbol structure 4.2.1 Overall structure The designation by symbols shall occupy a maximum of six positions, some of which need not be used. There shall be no spaces between any of the used positions. Position 1 : EN- (see 4.2.2); Position 2 : Symbol for cast iron (see 4.2.3.); Position 3 : Symbol for graphite structure (see 4.2.4); Position 4 : Symbol for microstructure or macrostructure (see 4.2.5); Position 5 : Symbol for classification either by mechanical properties or by chemical composition (see 4.2.6); Position 6 : Symbol for additional requriements (see 4.2.7); The whole structure of the designation system by symbols is shown in annex B. 4.2.2 Position 1 The prefix EN- shall only be used for standardized materials.
NOTE. If the European material standard (e.g. EN 1561) is presented in association with the material symbol (e.g. EN-GJL-150), then the prefix EN- of the symbol designation may be omitted (e.g. EN 1561-GJL-150).
1 Scope
This European Standard establishes a material designation system either by symbols or by numbers for cast iron. The designation system by symbols is applicable to a) standardized cast iron materials (see 3.1); b) non-standardized cast iron materials (see 3.2). The designation system by numbers is only applicable to standardized cast iron materials (see 3.1).
NOTE. The standardized designation by symbols does not necessarily imply that the material is standardized.
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2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 1559-1 : 1997 Founding Technical conditions of delivery Part 1 : General
NOTE. Informative references to documents used in the preparation of this standard, and cited at the appropriate places in the text, are listed in a bibliography, see annex A.
4.2.3 Position 2 The symbol GJ with G for cast and J for iron shall be used. 4.2.4 Position 3 If the graphite structure is to be specified, then the appropriate letter given in table 1 shall be used. Table 1. Graphite structure L S M V N Y
1)
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply: 3.1 standardized cast iron material Cast iron material which has been specified in a European Standard. 3.2 non-standardized cast iron material Cast iron material which has not been specified in a European Standard, but is manufactured and/or used in CEN member countries.
Lamellar Spheroidal Temper carbon (malleable)1) Vermicular Free of graphite (hard), ledeburitic Special structure, identified in the relevant material standard Including whiteheart malleable cast irons
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Page 4 EN 1560 : 1997
4.2.5 Position 4 If it is necessary to identify cast iron materials additionally by the microstructure or the macrostructure, the supplementary letters given in table 2 shall suffix the letters given in table 1 as appropriate. Table 2. Microstructure or macrostructure A F P M L Q T B W
1)
Austenite Ferrite Pearlite Martensite Ledeburite Quenched Quenched and tempered Blackheart Whiteheart
1) 1)
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Only for malleable cast irons
If it is not necessary to identify cast iron materials additionally by the microstructure or the macrostructure, then position 4 shall not be used. 4.2.6 Position 5 4.2.6.1 General Position 5 shall be used to classify the material either by mechanical properties or by chemical composition. It shall be separated from the last used position by a hyphen. 4.2.6.2 Classification by mechanical properties Cast iron materials classified by their mechanical properties shall be designated by figures relating to mechanical properties and by letters relating to the method of production of the test sample (see table 3) and/or relating to the temperature of measurement of the impact resistance value (see table 4).
NOTE. The letters C and U are only used when the material standard permits the choice of the method of production of test samples.
Tensile strength The tensile strength shall be indicated by the appropriate minimum value of the grade in Newtons per square millimetre, e.g. EN-GJL-150C; EN-GJL-150S; EN-GJV-400U. Elongation If required, the elongation shall be indicated by the appropriate minimum value of the grade, in percent, which follows the indication of the minimum tensile strength. It shall be separated from the other symbols in position 5 by a hyphen, e.g. EN-GJS-350-22C; EN-GJMW-450-7S; EN-GJS-350-22U. Impact resistance If impact resistance is required the test temperature used to determine its value shall be indicated by the letters given in table 4. The letters given in table 4, if required, shall follow the figures of mechanical properties. It shall be separated from the other symbols in position 5 by a hyphen, e.g. EN-GJS-400-18S-RT; EN-GJS-350-22U-LT. Table 4. Test temperature range used to determine the impact resistance value RT LT Room temperature Low temperature
Table 3. Letters describing the production of the test samples S U C Separately cast test sample Cast-on test sample Test sample cut from a casting
Hardness When cast iron materials are classified by hardness, this shall be indicated by one of the three following symbols: a) HB for Brinell hardness; b) HV for Vickers hardness; c) HR for Rockwell hardness. These letters shall be followed by two or three figures representing the hardness range, e.g. EN-GJL-HB155; EN-GJS-HB230; EN-GJN-HV350.
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Page 5 EN 1560 : 1997
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4.2.6.3 Classification by chemical composition When cast iron materials are to be classified by their chemical composition, then the letter X shall be the first symbol in position 5. The remaining symbols in position 5 shall be as follows: a) Classification without indication of carbon content The letter X shall be followed by the chemical symbols of significant alloying elements in the sequence of falling contents of the elements. The contents of these elements shall be indicated in percentage, rounded to a whole number. The digits for the percentages shall be separated from each other by a hyphen, e.g. EN-GJL-XNiMn13-7; b) Classification with indication of the carbon content When the indication of the carbon content is required, it shall be indicated by its percentage times 100 (e.g. 300 for 3 %), following the letter X. All other indications of chemical composition shall follow the system according to 4.2.6.3 a), e.g. EN-GJN-X300CrNiSi9-5-2. 4.2.7 Position 6 When cast iron materials need to be classified according to additional requirements, then the symbols given in table 5, as applicable, shall be placed in position 6. They shall be separated from position 5 by a hyphen, e.g. EN-GJMW-360-12S-W. Table 5. Additional requirements D H W Z As-cast casting Heat-treated casting Weldability for joint welds (see 6.2 in EN 1559-1 : 1997) Additional requirements specified in the order
5 Designation of cast iron materials by numbers
5.1 General There shall be only one designation by numbers for each cast iron material. The designation shall comprise nine characters. The first, second, fourth and fifth characters are capital letters, the third is a hyphen, and the sixth to the ninth characters are Arabic numbers, e.g. EN-JL2171; EN-JS1131. 5.2 Material number structure 5.2.1 Overall structure The nine positions shall be used for designation by number. The positions shall be in accordance with figure 1.
Position Character L n
1 E
2 N
4 L
5 L
6 n
7 n
8 n
9 n
Capital letter Arabic number
Figure 1. Number structure The whole structure of the designation system by numbers is shown in annex C. 5.2.2 Positions 1 to 3 The prefix EN- shall be used.
NOTE. If the European material standard (e.g. EN 1561) is presented in association with the material number (e.g. EN-JL 1020), then the prefix EN- of the number designation may be omitted (e.g. EN 1561-JL1020).
5.2.3 Position 4 The letter J shall be used. 5.2.4 Position 5 To specify graphite structure the appropriate letter given in table 1 shall be used. 5.2.5 Position 6 A one-digit character, representing the main characteristic of the cast iron material, shall be used (see table 6).
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Page 6 EN 1560 : 1997
Table 6. Main characteristic 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Reserve Tensile strength Hardness Chemical composition Reserve Reserve Reserve Reserve Reserve Reserve
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5.2.6 Positions 7 and 8 A two-digit character from 00 to 99 representing the individual material shall be used. 5.2.7 Position 9 A one-digit character, representing specific requirements of the individual material shall be used (see table 7). Table 7. Specific requirements of individual material 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 No specific requirement Separately cast test sample Cast-on test sample Test sample cut from a casting Impact resistance at room temperature Impact resistance at low temperature Specified weldability As-cast casting Heat-treated casting Additional requirements specified in the order or combinations of individual requirements
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Page 7 EN 1560 : 1997
Annex A (informative) Bibliography
In the preparation of this European Standard, use was made of a number of documents for reference purposes. These informative references are cited at the appropriate place in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. EN 1561 ISO/TR 7003 : 1990 Founding Grey cast irons Unified format for the designation of metals
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Page 8 EN 1560 : 1997
Annex B (normative) Overall structure for designation of cast iron materials by symbols
This annex shows the overall structure of the material symbols in accordance with clause 4. Table B.1 Overall structure for the designation of cast iron materials by symbols
Position 1 mandatory, except 4.2.2 Prefix Position 2 mandatory Position 3 optional Position 4 optional Position 5 mandatory, choose a) or b) Position 6 optional
Type of metal
Graphite structure
EN-
Cast iron
symbol GJ lamellar spheroidal temper carbon (malleable)1) vermicular free of graphite (hard), ledeburitic special structure, identified in the relevant material standard
Microstructure or a) mechanical properties macrostructure symbol symbol symbol A L aa) tensile strength: austenite 3 or 4 digits, e.g. 350 F S representing the ferrite minimum value in P M Newtons per square pearlite millimetre M martensite ab) elongation: L V a hyphen and 1 or 2 ledeburite e.g -19 digits, representing Q N the minimum value in quenched percent T quenched ac) 1 letter, and representing the tempered Y production of the test samples: blackheart2) B whiteheart2) W - separately cast test sample - cast-on test sample - test sample cut from a casting ad) hardness : 2 letters and 2 or 3 digits, representing the hardness ae) impact resistance value: a hyphen and 2 letters, representing the test temperature S U C
b) chemical composition symbol ba) letter as symbol X for indicating designation by chemical composition bb) carbon content 3 100, but only if the e.g. 300 carbon content is significant bc) chemical symbols e.g. Cr of the alloying elements e.g. 9-5-2 bd) percentages of the alloying elements, separately from each other by hyphens
Additional requirements symbol as-cast casting heat-treated casting weldability for joint welds additional requirements specified in the order D H W Z
e.g. HB 155
BSI 1997
- room temperature - low temperature Including whiteheart malleable cast irons 2) Only for malleable cast irons NOTE. The free combination of individual items in this annex is not possible for each cast iron grade.
1)
- RT - LT
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Annex C (normative) Overall structure for designation of cast iron materials by numbers
This annex shows the overall structure of the material numbers according to clause 5. All of the positions are mandatory. Table C.1. Overall structure for the designation of cast iron materials by numbers
Position Position 4 1 to 3 Prefix Type of metal letter ENcast iron J lamellar spheroidal temper carbon (malleable)1) vermicular free of graphite (hard), ledeburitic special structure, identified in the relevant material standard Position 5 Graphite structure letter L S M hardness V N reserve Y 4 to 9 chemical composition 2 3 test sample cut from a casting impact resistance at room temperature impact resistance at low temperature specified weldability as-cast casting heat-treated casting additional requirements specified in the order or combinations of individual requirements specified in the material standard
1)
Position 6 Main characteristic number reserve tensile strength 0 1
Positions 7 and 8 Individual Material number numbers to be allocated by the material standard 00 to 99
Position 9 Specific requirement of individual material number no specific requirement separately cast test sample cast-on test sample 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Including whiteheart malleable cast iron
Page 9 EN 1560 : 1997
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