Understanding Operating Systems

Pertemuan 6

Learning Outcomes Pada akhir pertemuan ini, diharapkan mahasiswa akan mampu :

menguraikan jenis dan fungsi sistem operasi pada komputer

Outline Materi

Operating Systems Function Types of Operating Systems Utility Programs Stand-Alone Utility Programs

System Software What is system software?

Programs that control the operations of the computer Serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computers hardware
4

Operating Systems What are the functions of an operating system?

start the computer provide a user interface

manage programs

administer security manage memory control a network

provide file management and other utilities

monitor performance

establish an Internet connection

schedule jobs and configure devices

Operating System Functions What is booting?

Process of starting or restarting a computer

Cold boot Turning on computer that has been powered off Warm boot Restarting computer that is powered on
Warm boot from Windows desktop Warm boot from system unit

Operating System Functions What messages display on the screen when you boot the computer?

Operating System Functions How does a personal computer boot up?

Step 1. Power supply Step 4. Results of POST are

sends signal to components in system unit

Step 2. Processor

compared with data in CMOS chip

Step 5. BIOS looks for system files

accesses BIOS to start computer

Step 3. BIOS runs tests,

in floppy disk drive or CD/DVD drive, and then hard disk

Step 6. Kernel (core) of operating

system loads into RAM

Step 7. Operating system loads

called the POST, to check components such as mouse, keyboard, and adapter cards

configuration information and displays desktop on screen

Operating System Functions What is a user interface?

Controls how you enter data and instructions and how information displays on screen

command-line interface

menu-driven interface

Operating System Functions What is a graphical user interface (GUI)?

User interacts with menus and visual images such as icons and buttons

10

Operating System Functions What is single user/ multitasking?

Working on two or more programs that reside in memory at same time

Foreground contains program you are using Background contains programs that are running but are not in use
11

Operating System Functions How does an operating system schedule jobs?

Adjusts schedule based on jobs priority

Receiving data from input device

Sending information to output device Transferring items between storage and memory

A job is operation the processor manages

Processing instructions

12

Operating System Functions What is spooling?

Sending print jobs to buffer instead of directly to printer Print jobs line up in queue

13

Operating System Functions What is a device driver?

Program that tells operating system how to communicate with device

Device Driver

Also called driver

With Plug and Play, Play, operating system automatically configures new devices as you install them

14

Operating System Functions What is a network operating system?

Allows users to share printer, Internet access, files, and programs on a network Administers security by establishing user name and password for each user

15

Operating System Utility Programs What is a utility program?

System software that performs maintenance-type tasks

Also called utility

16

Operating System Utility Programs What is a file manager?

Performs functions such as copying, renaming, deleting, and moving files Image viewer displays contents of graphics file when you double click on it

17

Operating System Utility Programs What is an uninstaller?

Removes a program and all associated files

In Windows XP, uninstaller is in Add/Remove Programs in Control Panel

18

Operating System Utility Programs What is a disk scanner?

Detects and corrects problems on hard disk or floppy disk Searches for and removes unnecessary files

19

Operating System Utility Programs What is a backup utility?

Copies selected files or entire hard disk onto another disk or tape Most compress files during backup to require less storage space

20

Operating System Utility Programs What is a screen saver?

Causes monitors screen to display moving image or blank screen if there is no activity for a specified time To secure computer, user configures screen saver to require password to deactivate

21

Types of Operating Systems What are some characteristics of operating systems?

Devicedependent
Runs only on specific type of computer

Proprietary software
Privately owned and limited to specific vendor or computer model

Deviceindependent
Runs on many manufacturers computers

Downward compatible
Works with application software written for earlier version of operating system

Upward compatible
Runs on new versions of operating system
22

Types of Operating Systems What are three categories of operating systems?

Embedded

Network

StandStand -alone

23

Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is DOS (Disk Operating System)?

Developed in early 1980s for personal computers Hardly used today because it does not offer GUI

D Used commandcommand-line O S
interface when first developed, later included menus

24

Stand-Alone Operating Systems How do Windows versions compare?

Windows Version Windows 3.x Windows NT 3.1 Windows 95 Windows NT Workstation 4.0 Windows 98 Windows Millennium Edition Windows 2000 Professional Windows XP Year Released 1990 1993 1995 1996 1998 2000 2000 2001
25

Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is Windows XP?

Microsofts fastest, most reliable Windows operating system Available in five editions: Home Edition, Professional Edition, Tablet PC Edition, Media Center Edition, and 64-bit Edition

26

Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is Mac OS X?

Available only for computers manufactured by Apple Macintosh operating system has been model for most GUIs

27

Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is UNIX?

Used by power users because of its flexibility and power Most versions offer GUI Both a stand-alone and a network operating system

28

Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is Linux?

Popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type operating system Open-source software code is available to public Both a stand-alone and a network operating system
e

Red Hat provides a version of Linux called Red Hat Linux. The GNOME graphical user interface is shown in this example.

29

Embedded Operating Systems What is an embedded operating system?

Found on most mobile computers, PDAs, and other small devices Windows CE .NET is scaled-down version of Windows

30

Embedded Operating Systems What are two operating systems for PDAs?

Windows Mobile 2003 for Pocket PC Palm OS for Palm, Visor, and CLIE

31

Embedded Operating Systems What is Symbian OS?

Open-source, multitasking operating system designed for smart phones Make telephone calls, save appointments, browse Web, send and receive e-mail and faxes, and more

32

 Source : Shelly, Gary B. Discovering Computers (2004/2005/2006). Thomson Course Technology. PPT for Chapter 8.

33