7
Applications of Integration
7.3 Volume: The Shell Method
Multi-Variable Calculus & Calculus Review
Mrs. Shak
7.3 Objectives
Find the volume of a solid of revolution using the shell method. Compare the uses of the disk method and the shell method.
7.3 The Shell Method
Another way of computing volume of a solid of revolution The Shell method : Calculating volume by summing up a collection of cylindrical shells For visual explanation
See my grovesite >Calculus Links>Visual Calculus Website->Applications of Integration->Tutorial on Cylindrical Shell Method
Consider a representative rectangle as shown, where w is the width and h is the height of the rectangle, and p is the distance between the axis of revolution and the center of the rectangle 3
Compare Shell and Disk/Washer Method
7.3
Volume: Shell Method
Justification: Surface Area for Cylinder
What is the Surface Area for Right Circular Cylinder?
A = 2 rh
Area of Right Circular Cylinder of width x?
A = 2 rh+x
Volume of Solid comprised of infinite number of right circular cylinders?
b
V = 2 r ( x)h( x)dx
a
V = 2 r ( y )h( y )dy
c
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Example 1 Using the Shell Method to Find Vol (dx)
Find the volume of the solid of revolution formed by revolving the region bounded by y = x x3 and the x-axis (0 x 1) about the y-axis.
NOTE: Washer/disk method each slice is perpendicular to axis of rotation Rotating around y-axis, integrate dy Shell method each slice is parallel to axis of rotation Rotating around y-axis, integrate dx
SOLUTION using Shell Method: Integrate dx Radius = r(x) = Height = h(x) = Surface Area of Cylinder = 2r(x)h(x) = Vol =
Figure 7.30
Example 1 Solution
contd
The distance from the center of the rectangle to the axis of revolution is p(x) = x, and the height of the rectangle is h(x) = x x3. Because x ranges from 0 to 1, the volume of the solid is
Example 2 Using the Shell Method to Find Vol (dy)
Assume that the plane region in Figure 7.28 is revolved about a line to form the indicated solid. If you consider a horizontal rectangle of width y, then, as the plane region is revolved about a line parallel to the x-axis, the rectangle generates a representative shell whose volume is
Figure 7.28
7.3 The Shell Method vs.
Washer Method
The function
Ex 3 Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region 2 bounded by y = ( x 1)( x 3) and the x-axis about the y-axis.
The function rotated
Using the Washer Method
NOT EASY need to write x = f(y) and upper bound is max(y)
7.3 The Shell Method vs.
Washer Method
Ex 3 (cont.) Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y = ( x 1)( x 3) 2 and the x-axis about the y-axis.
Using the Washer Method Lets find a different way to cut the solid. Consider our solid a lump of cookie dough. We will center a cylindrical cookie cutter on the axis of rotation and push this down into the solid.
7.3 The Shell Method vs.
Washer Method
Ex 3 (cont.) Determine the volume of the solid obtained by rotating the region bounded by y = ( x 1)( x 3) 2 and the x-axis about the y-axis. The volume of this solid is then,
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7.3 The Shell Method
Figure 7.29
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7.3
Comparison of Disk and Shell Methods
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Comparison of Disk and Shell Methods
The disk and shell methods can be distinguished as follows. For the disk method, the representative rectangle is always perpendicular to the axis of revolution, whereas for the shell method, the representative rectangle is always parallel to the axis of revolution, as shown in Figure 7.32.
Figure 7.32
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Example 4 Shell Method Preferable
Find the volume of the solid formed by revolving the region bounded by the graphs of y = x2 + 1, y = 0, x = 0, and x = 1 about the y-axis. Solution: The washer method requires two integrals to determine the volume of this solid. See Figure 7.33(a).
Figure 7.33(a)
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Example 4 Solution (Washer)
contd
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Example 4 Solution (Shell)
contd
In Figure 7.33(b), you can see that the shell method requires only one integral to find the volume.
Figure 7.33(b)
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7.3 Homework
Read Chapter 7.3 HW p472 (1-15:odds, 21,23, 27(a-c), 28(a-c), 35,37,43): 19 problems
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