IS 13630 ( Part 2 ) : 1992
( Reaffirmed 1996 )
CERAMIC TILES PART 2 DETERMINATION
METHODS OF TEST
OF WATER ABSORPTION
UDC
666.3-431 : 620.193~23
@ BIS 1992
BUREAU
MANAK
OF
BHAVAN, 9
INDIAN
BAHADUR DELHI NEW
STANDARDS
SHAH 110002
l
ZAFAR
MARG
December
1992
Price Group
Flooring,
Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional
Committee,
CED 5
FOREWORD This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the Flooring, Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council. This standard is one of the number of Indian Standards being formulated on methods of test for ceramic tiles based on the corresponding European Standards, under the direction of Flooring, This standard gives the metbod of test for Wall Finishing and Roofing Sectional Committee. determining the water absorption of ceramic tiles. In the formulation of this standard considerable assistance has been derived from EN 99 : 1982 Ceramic tiles - Determination of water absorption, published by the European Committee for Standardization ( CEN ).
IS1363o~Pal%2):19!92
Indian Standard
CERAMIC TILES PART 2 DETERMINATION
METHODS OF TEST
OF WATER ABSORPTION
1 SCOPE This standard covers method of test for determining the water absorption of all ceramic tiles. 2 TERMINOLOGY 2.1 For the purpose of this following definition shall apply. 2.2 Water Absorption The increase in mass ( expressed as a percentage of the mass of the dry material ) of tiles which after determination of the dry mass are placed under water, then boiled and, afterwards, cooled during specified times while still completely immersed, taken out of the water and reweighed after removing excess of water. When water absorption is less than 3 percent, the test has to be carried out in vacuum. 3 APPARATUS 3.1 A Drying Oven Capable of operation at 110 f 5C. standard, the
4.4 Tiles with sides longer than 200 mm may be cut up, but all pieces shall be included in the measurement. With polygonal and other nonrectangular tiles, the lengths and widths shall be those of the enclosing rectangles. 5 PROCEDURE 5.1 Dry the tiles in the oven at 110 & 5 C until constant mass is reached, thXt is, when the difference between two successive weighings at intervals of 24 h is less than 0.1 percent. 5.2 Cool the tiles in the desiccator over silica gel or other suitable desiccant, but not an acid, until cooled to ambient temperature. 5.3 Weigh each tile and record the results to the corresponding accuracy shown in Table 1. Table 1 Tile Mass : Accuracy of Measurement
Accuracy of Measurement g 0.02 0.05 0.25 0.50 l%lO
Mass of Tile g 50 to 100 101 to 500 501 to 1 000 1001t03000 Above 3 000
3.2 A Heating Apparatus Constructed of suitable inert material, in which the boiling takes place. 3.3 A Source of Heat 3.4 A Balance Accurate to 0.01 percent specimen. 3.6 A Desiccator 3.7 Chamois Leather 4 TEST SPECIMENS 4.1 A sample for each type of tile under test shall consist of 10 whole tiles. 4.2 If the proper surface area of each individual tile is greater than 0.04 m2, then only 5 whole tiles shall be used for the test. 4.3 When the mass of each individual tile is below 50 g, a sufficient number of tiles shall be taken so that each test specimen reaches a mass of 50 g to 100 g. 1 of the mass of a test
3.5 De-ionized or Distilled Water
5.4 Place the tiles vertically, with no contact between them, in de-ionized or distilled water in the heating apparatus so that there is a depth or 50 mm of water above and below the tiles. Maintain the water level of 50 mm above the tiles throughout the test. 5.5 Heat the water until boiling and continue to boil for 2 h. Then remove the source of heat and allow the tiles to cool, still completely immersed, for 4 h. 5.6 Prepare chamois leather by wetting and wringing out by hand. Place the chamois leather on a flat surface and lightly dry each side of each tile in turn. Dab relief surface with chamois leather. weigh 5.7 Immediately after this procedure, each tile and record the results to the same accuracy as for the dry state ( see Table 1 ).
.
IS 13630 ( Part 2 ) : 1992 6 EXPRESSION OF RESULTS 6.3 Calculate
6.1 For each tile, calculate the water absorption as a percentage of the dry mass using the expression: ma - m, x 100 m, where m, = mass of the dry tile; and m, = mass of the wet tile. 6.2 The results shall be given to the first decimal place.
the sample results
the average water absorption of as the average of the individual
7 TEST REPORT The test report shall contain the following: a) a description b) the water tile; and of the tiles; of each individual absorption
c) the average water absorption.
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