Inventor #1 Name: Place of Birth: Nationality: Occupation: DOB: DOD: School(s): Invention:
Blaise Pascal Clermont, France French Mathematician, Physicist and inventor December 26th, 1623 August 19th, 1662 Home schooled by father The first mechanical calculator called the Pascal Calculator and later The Pascaline in 1645 He created it mainly to alleviate his father from calculating and recalculation of taxes owed and paid as he was tired of seeing human error. Created after 3 years and 50 prototypes Only capable of adding and subtracting, though some sources say that it could also multiply and divide The programming language Pascal was one of the first structured programming languages to be used. Variants of Pascal have also frequently been used for everything from research projects to PC games and embedded systems. Newer Pascal compilers exist which are widely used Modern day adding machines and complete scientific and graphing calculators all started from Pascals invention
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Inventor #2 Name: Place of Birth: Nationality: Occupation: DOB: DOD: School(s): Invention:
Joseph Marie Charles Jacquard Lyons, France French Weaver, Merchant and inventor July 7, 1759 Aug 7, 1834 No formal schooling The first programmable Loom to automate the process of weaving called The Jacquard Loom in 1804 He created it mainly to enable the creation of difficult deigns and patterns and in less time Enabled the changing of patterns by changing the hole positions in the punch cards Allowed more flexibility and complexity o Local weaving industry was not excited because they feared the loss of jobs as many little boys were used as manual pullers in the weaving process. o In 1806 the master weaver commanded the public destruction of the loom as it was perceived to pose a threat to jobs in the weaving trade Modern day fully automated and programmable devices like assembly lines in multiple factories that now even use robotics. Even programmable thermostats to automatically adjust temperature in a building needed Jacquards invention.
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Inventor #3 Name: Place of Birth: Nationality: Occupation: DOB: DOD: School(s): Invention:
Charles Babbage London, England English Mathematician, mathematical engineer and inventor December 26th, 1791 October 18th, 1871 Holmwood Academy, Trinity College Cambridge and Peterhouse Cambridge The first automatic mechanical calculator called the Difference Engine in 1822 Enabled the calculation of a series of values and provided results of up to 31 digits Built on Pascals initial theory and invention Capable of calculating and printing The First general Purpose Computer called the Analytical Engine in 1he 1834 (capable of all 4 functions of a modern day computer: Input, process, storage and output) He created it mainly to enable complete a variety of mathematical operations correctly every time so as to get rid of human errors. Enabled the calculation of any mathematical operation based on instructions from punched cards An advanced calculating machine to calculate and print mathematical tables Had the ability to evaluate any mathematical and more complex mathematical formula Modern day computers which can multitask as well as advanced calculators began with Babbage
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Inventor #4 Name: Place of Birth: Nationality: Occupation: DOB: DOD: School(s): Invention:
Agusta Ada Byron aka Ada Lovelace London, England English Mathematician, Writer and Analyst December 10, 1815 November 27th, 1852 Home schooled The first algorithm/program to be processed by a machine Program was written for Charles Babbages Analytical Engine. It enabled the Analytical Engine to be able to read input from a punched card and complete calculations as well as produce results of the calculation as output to the user and store the results. Babbages Analytical engine would not have worked without Adas algorithm/program Modern day custom programs are written everyday for companies to enable computers to complete specific tasks, thanks to what Ada Lovelace did.
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Inventor #5 Name: Place of Birth: Nationality: Occupation: DOB: DOD: School(s): Invention:
Herman Hollerith Buffalo, New York American Statistician and inventor February 29, 1860 November 17, 1929 City College of NY and Colombia University School (Masters and Ph.D.) The first automated feed tabulator called The Tabulating Machine in 1889 The motivation behind his invention was to create a more efficient way of taking the census count Got the idea from train conductors punching train tickets. If the ticket was a 10 ride, and 3 holes have been punched, you know that the ticket holder has used the ticket 3 times and only 7 rides remained. Used punch cards as well The 1880 census took 8 years to count After the tabulating machine was patented in 1989, the 1890 census took only 1 year to count
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Modern day scantrons/OMRs resemble this invention and provides a quick and efficient way for data collection and assessment
Inventor #6 Name: Place of Birth: Nationality: Occupation: DOB: DOD: School(s): Invention:
Grace Hopper New York City, New York American Computer Scientist and US Navy Officer December 9th, 1906 January 1st, 1992 Hartridge School, Vassar College, Yale (Masters and Ph.D.) The first Compiler for a computing programming language called A-0 compiler in 1949 The main goal behind creating the compiler was to translate human language to computer language. This made instructions easier to write, read and debug. The first programming language to express operations using English-like statements called the FLOWMATIC in 1954 Enabled automated billing and payroll calculating The first machine- independent, modern programming language COBOL ( COmmon BusinessOriented Language) in 1959 Primary domain in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments. Created to show people that computers could do more than math Multiple Modern day high level programming languages are used today to create just about any software conceivable. Every software that we use today is a direct result of Hoppers dedication to show that computers could do more than mathematical operations/calculations. Examples Visual Studio, JavaScript etc.
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