NURSING INFORMATICS
New Knowledge, New skills, New technology For a Better Health Diversity
The importance of information
The healthcare of our clients is largely dependant on information. Every action taken depends on previous information and knowledge. The delivery of health care requires information about:
Science of type of care (nursing) Patient or client Provider Outcomes Process and systems for delivery of care
The importance of information
The science of type of care (nursing) The science of care refers to the scientific foundations of the profession that provides healthcare. Science helps determine the body of knowledge, language, and focus of that profession. Scientific rationale or evidence provides a foundation for decision-making within that profession.
The importance of information
Patient or client Information on the client is required for his/her individual care. The assessment process consists of gathering information. The use of technology can assist in collecting this information. Information on the client can be found in the patient record, the patients history, lab results. Information on the client changes and grows over time.
The importance of information
Provider Information about the provider of care helps determine the type of assessment and the focus of care given. The provider can be an individual professional such as a nurse, a physician, a physiotherapist. The provider can also be the facility in which care is provided such as a public health unit, a hospital.
The importance of information
Outcomes The outcome of treatment and care now requires more attention than ever. There is a growing interest in ensuring that care results in quality outcomes in a cost-efficient manner. Outcomes can be difficult to measure. Technology can assist in measuring because it can enhance gathering, analysis and dissemination of outcomes.
The importance of information
Process and systems for delivery of care Information about the process and systems for delivery of care assists in deciding on the type and the amount of care required. This is the tracking on interventions and the process used for each intervention.
The importance of information
Information about each of these areas have an impact on the type and the amount of care given. Information must be: accurate timely accessible understandable
What is information?
The structure of information Delivered in conversation, handwritten notes, stored in a computer. Regardless of the form, the same basic principles apply to the structure and the use of information. Words are often used interchangeably to describe information.
Tofflers Triad
Toffler (1990) described 1990s as a new era for Informatics, the process of giving power through the data-informationknowledge triad.
It looks so simple?
Management Processing
Data
Information
Knowledge
Graves and Corcorans conceptual framework for the study of nursing informatics.
What is information?
The structure of information Data: discrete entities objectively described, without interpretation or context.
Example: 110
Information: data processed into a structured form. Data that are interpreted, organized, structured and given meaning are referred to as information.
Example: When combining 110 with other data, it becomes information. Systolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 70 mm Hg. This information can be captured in a form, on a graph on in a report.
What is information?
Knowledge: synthesized information derived from the interpretation of data. It provides a logical basis for making [Link] to decisionmaking and to new discoveries. Example: When the blood pressure reading is combined with information about anatomy and physiology, pharmacology, pathophysiology, knowledge is used to decide about further care and treatment.
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The five rights of information
Information has five rights: Right information Right person Right time Right place Right amount
What is healthcare Informatics?
With the knowledge of the importance of information in healthcare, healthcare informatics has become a specialty. Healthcare informatics is a combination of computer science, healthcare science, information science and cognitive science.
What is healthcare Informatics?
Computer science: development, configuration,
architecture of computer hardware and software. Healthcare science: body of knowledge on which healthcare profession bases their practice. The sciences of anatomy, physiology and knowledge specific to each profession. Information science: also includes information technology which involves the process of sending and receiving information. Cognitive science: the process of human thinking, understanding and remembering.
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Informatics Use in Health Care
Communication
Decision Support
Telemedicine Tele-radiology/Tele-surgery Patient e-mail Presentations
Journals Consumer Health information Evidence-based medical information
Reminder systems Diagnostic Expert Systems Drug Interaction
Knowledge management
Information Management
Electronic Medical Records Billing transactions Ordering Systems
NURSING INFORMATICS
Understanding its Concepts and Applications
Definitions of Nursing Informatics
What is Nursing Practice?
What is Nursing Practice?
What is Nursing Practice?
What is Nursing Practice?
What is Nursing Practice?
What is Nursing Practice?
Documentation
What is Nursing Practice?
What is Nursing Practice?
Origin of the Term
First used and defined by Scholes and Barber in 1980.
What is Nursing Informatics?
Nursing Informatics (NI) is the application of computer science and information science to nursing. NI promotes the generation, management and processing of relevant data in order to use information and develop knowledge that supports nursing in all practice domains (Hebert, 2000).
What is Nursing Informatics?
Integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, and knowledge in nursing practice.
Nursing informatics facilitates the integration of data, information, and knowledge to support clients, nurses, and other providers in their decision-making in all roles and settings." (Staggers & Bagley-Thompson, 2002).
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What is Nursing Informatics?
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What is Nursing Informatics?
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What is Nursing Informatics?
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What is Nursing Informatics?
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What is Nursing Informatics?
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Why is it important?
Nurses need to develop competencies in informatics. Informatics enables nurses to use information and communications technologies in the:
Technology Nursing
collection of data, use of information generation of knowledge to support nursing practice
Why is it important?
Therefore, NI competencies need to include both knowledge and skills required: to use information and communication technologies to enter, retrieve and manipulate data. to interpret and organize data into information to affect nursing practice. to combine information to contribute to knowledge development in nursing.
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Goal of Nursing Informatics
(Canadian Nurses Association, 1993)
To improve the health of populations, communities, families and individuals by optimizing information management and communication.
Goal of Nursing Informatics
(Canadian Nurses Association, 1993)
Includes the use of IT in:
Direct provision of care Establishing effective administrative systems Managing and delivering educational experiences. Supporting lifelong training Supporting Nursing research
Nursing Informatics
Nursing Informatics
Using information
Evidence-based practice leads to:
Determining standards and guidelines Guide for decision-making process Determines best practice
Nursing informatics can enable dissemination of new knowledge.
Practitioners update themselves of new developments through journals, conferences, continuing education sessions. The information is varied and copious. There is a need to find the relevant evidence in a timely way.
Scientific Methods Central to Nursing Informatics:
Analyzing, formalizing, and modeling nursing information, and processing nursing knowledge for all components of nursing practice:
Clinical Practice Management Education Research
Scientific Methods Central to Nursing Informatics:
Investigating determinants, conditions, elements, models and persons in order to design and implement as well as to test the effectiveness and efficiency of computerized information, (tele) communications & retrieve systems for nursing practice. Studying the effects of these systems on Nursing practice.
Effects of NI to the Health Care System
The maxim that knowledge is power and that the skillful use of computers and other ICTs is the heart of this power is a common thread through much of nursing informatics. The computer literate nurse will have knowledge, and as a result, power and influence. Society has accepted computers as standard elements, and as such, computers will continue to shape nurses' psychological, social, economic, and political existence in innumerable ways.
Effects of NI to the Health Care System
Nursing, in order to interface with other spheres of society, must be computer literate. In short, society has accepted computer technology as a means to enhance life; so must nursing
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