HIPERLAN

Tim Wilkinson

HP Labs Europe

What is HIPERLAN?
HIPERLAN - HIgh PErformance Radio LAN HIPERLAN is a new standard for Radio LANs developed in Europe by ETSI HIPERLAN is an interoperability standard which specifies a common air interface MAC and PHY layers in OSI model HIPERLAN will be a family of standards HIPERLAN 1 is described in detail

HIPERLAN - reference model

Application Layer Presentation Layer higher layer protocols Session Layer Transport Layer Network Layer Data Link Layer Physical Layer OSI Reference Model Medium Access Control (MAC) Sublayer Channel Access Control (CAC) Sublayer Physical (PHY) Layer

HIPERLAN Reference Model

Origins of HIPERLAN
Early wireless LANs operating in the ISM bands (900MHz and 2.45GHz)
Low data rate (~1Mbps) - an indirect result of the FCC spread spectrum rules part 15.247 Severe interference environment - from unlike wireless LANs and other ISM band systems Lack of standards - IEEE 802.11 was initiated to satisfy this need but it was taking time to develop

ETSI set up RES10 to develop a standard that would be equal in performance to wired LANs such as Ethernet

HIPERLAN 1 - history

ETSI set up RES10 group - mid 1991 RES10 start work on standard - early 1992 CEPT allocate spectrum - early 1993 RES10 complete draft standard - mid 1995 ETSI publish final standard - late 1995 RES10 start work on type approval - early 1996 HIPERLAN passes public enquiry - mid 1996

HIPERLAN 1 - spectrum
CEPT identified vacant spectrum at 5GHz 5.00-5.25GHz was allocated worldwide to aviation authorities on a primary basis for MLS but only 5.00-5.15GHz was used CEPT allocated 5.15-5.25GHz to HIPERLAN on a secondary basis with its status as non-interference, non-protected An extension of the band from 5.255.3GHz is available in most countries

HIPERLAN - applications
Early ideas with infrastructure

without infrastructure

Others include - many vertical applications, wireless dockin public access to the NII, home networks

HIPERLAN 1 - requirements

Short range - 50m Low mobility - 1.4m/s Networks with and without infrastructure Support isochronous traffic audio 32kbps, 10ns latency video 2Mbps, 100ns latency Support asynchronous traffic data 10Mbps, immediate access

HIPERLAN 1 PHY - specifications

High transmission rate - 23.5294Mbps Modulation - non diff GMSK, BT = 0.3 Error control - FEC, BCH(31,26) Packet failure rate - 0.01 (4160 data bits) Low transmission rate - 1.470588Mbps Modulation - FSK, freq dev = 368kHz Channelisation - 5 channels, 5.15-5.30GHz Transmit power - +10, +20, +30dBm Receive sensitivity - -50, -60, -70dBm

HIPERLAN 1 PHY - packets

DATA PACKET
LOW RATE 1.5Mbps HIGH RATE 23.5Mbps

AC HEADER

LOW RATE HEADER 35bits (560bits)

SYNCH SEQUENCE 450bits

DATA BLOCK 496 bits

DATA BLOCK 496bits

ACK PACKET
LOW RATE 1.5Mbps

1-47 BLOCKS

NO MAC HEADER IMMEDIATE TRANS

LOW RATE ACK 23bits (368bits)

HIPERLAN 1 - modem options

complexity
MLSE

DFE

DIFF DET

COHERENT DEMOD

ADVANCED DIVERSITY

docking

room

floor

performance

HIPERLAN 1 PHY - quirks

A HIPERLAN can only use one Channel
There is no mechanism for changing channel

Antenna diversity an option but...

Must use same antenna for CCA and transmission for correct MAC function Must reduce transmit power by antenna gain to maintain EIRP as specified by CEPT

Power saving with...

Low rate header for modem power saving Power saving cycle strategies sleep/wake modes

HIPERLAN 1 MAC - concept

Fully distributed MAC Networks with and without infrastructure Permits multi-hop relaying via neighbours Based on LBT - uses CCA with adaptive threshold EY-NPMA - Elimination Yield Non-pre-emptive Multiple Access Prioritiy assertion using listen-talk Contention resolution using talk-listen Immediate packet acknowledgment

HIPERLAN 1 MAC - hidden nodes

communication range

rx tx
MAC avoids this

tx

sense/interference range

HIPERLAN 1 MAC - function

prioritisation contention transmission
Talk

Station 1 Station 2 Station 3 Station 4 stops Time stops stops

data packet

Listen Talk Listen Talk Listen Talk Listen

HIPERLAN 1 MAC - phase

Prioritisation
1-5 slots of 168bits (talk)

Contention
Elimination - 0-12 slots of 212bits (talk), 1 slot of 256bits (listen), prob(talk-listen) = 0.5 Yield - 0-9 slots of 168bits (listen), prob(n) = 0.1

Tx to Rx turn around time 6s 256 contenders, 3.5% collision probability Total of 0-5152bits (0-219s) MAC header

HIPERLAN 1 MAC - priority

Priority is a function of lifetime and user priority NORMALISED RESIDUAL LIFETIME
NRL < 10ms 10ms < NRL< 20ms 20ms < NRL < 40ms 40ms < NRL < 80ms NRL > 80ms HIGH USER DEFINED PRIORITY 0 1 2 3 4 LOW USER DEFINED PRIORITY 1 2 3 4 4

If lifetime expires packet is discarded in the MAC Either best effort latency for isochronous traffic Or best effort integrity for asynchronous traffic

HIPERLAN 1 MAC - performance

Simulations show that the HIPERLAN MAC can simultaneuosly support 25 audio links @ 32kbit/s, 10ms delivery 25 audio links @ 16kbit/s, 20ms delivery 1 video link @ 2Mbit/s, 100ms delivery Asynch file transfer @ 13.4Mbit/s

HIPERLAN 1 - testbeds
Two European collaborative projects LAURA - not fully standards compliant
Demonstrated some concepts No ASICs developed

HIPERION - fully standards compliant

ASICs designed for... RF MCM with GaAs and Si by GPS Modem, Codec, D/A, A/D by Apple MAC controller by ARM

HIPERLAN 2 - WATM
Idea is to be compatible with ATM
Support

QoS guarantees Efficiently handle ATM cells

Requires additional spectrum in Europe Sharing rules under development by WINForum for NII/SUPERNET band in the US aim to support
HIPERLAN ETSI

1 and HIPERLAN 2

This effort involves interaction between

RES10, WINForum, ATM Forum

HIPERLAN family (ETSI RES10)

HIPERLAN Type 1
Wireless LAN

HIPERLAN Type 2
Wireless ATM Indoor access

HIPERLAN Type 3
Wireless ATM Remote Access

HIPERLAN Type 4
Wireless ATM Interconnect DLC

MAC
PHY (5 GHz) 20 + Mb/sec

DLC
PHY (5 GHz) 20 + Mb/sec

DLC
PHY (5 GHz) 20 + Mb/sec

PHY (17 GHz) 150 + Mb/sec

HIPERLAN vision (ETSI RES10)

Other networks 5 GHz HIPERLAN Type

ATM premises switch

Other local connections

wireless access point

17 GHz, Type 4

wireless access point

5 GHz Type 2
wireless access point

5 GHz Type 1

5 GHz Type 2 5 GHz Type 3

wireless termination point

local connections