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The Human Digestive System: The Journey of Food

The human digestive system breaks down food through a multi-step process. Food is broken down mechanically in the mouth by teeth and chemically by saliva. It then passes into the esophagus and stomach, where acids and enzymes further break it down. In the small intestine, the pancreas and liver secrete digestive juices to break food into absorbable molecules that pass into the bloodstream. Remaining waste travels to the large intestine, where water is absorbed before elimination of solid waste.

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Neha Rajliwal
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146 views11 pages

The Human Digestive System: The Journey of Food

The human digestive system breaks down food through a multi-step process. Food is broken down mechanically in the mouth by teeth and chemically by saliva. It then passes into the esophagus and stomach, where acids and enzymes further break it down. In the small intestine, the pancreas and liver secrete digestive juices to break food into absorbable molecules that pass into the bloodstream. Remaining waste travels to the large intestine, where water is absorbed before elimination of solid waste.

Uploaded by

Neha Rajliwal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE HUMAN

DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
The journey of food

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OB6
 identify and locate the major parts of the
digestive system including the mouth,
oesophagus, stomach,liver, pancreas,
small intestine and large intestine, and
know their functions

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The Mouth.
 Teeth break down food
into small pieces.
 Salivary glands make
saliva.
 Chewed food gets mixed
with saliva.
 Saliva contains enzymes,
which start to digest
starch to sugar.

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The Oesophagus.
 Passes food down to
your stomach.
 The oesophagus has
circular muscles in its
wall.
 These muscles
contract and squeeze
in behind the food to
push it along.

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The Stomach
 Muscular bag that holds
2 litres of food.
 Secretes hydrochloric
acid.
 Makes digestive juices.
 Muscular walls churn the
food making sure it’s all
mixed.
 After 2-3 hours churning
it’s a runny liquid.

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The Small Intestine
 Actually 6 m long!
 Plays important roles in
digestion and absorption
 Two important liquids
are added here:
Pancreatic juices
Bile

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Absorption

 Digested food has to pass into the blood


through the gut wall.
 Well designed – thin lining, good blood supply
and a VERY LARGE surface area.
 It has a folded inner lining, millions of tiny
villi

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Pancreas
 Produces digestive
enzymes
 E.g. amylase

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Liver
 After food has been
absorbed into the blood,
the food is taken to the
liver.
 The liver processes
some of it, before it
goes any further.
 The food dissolved in
plasma is the taken to
other parts of the body.

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The Large Intestine.
 Mainly fibre, dead cell,
bacteria and water reach
here!
 As it moves along here
most of the water is
absorbed into the blood.
 Faeces are stored in the
rectum.
 Eventually egested out
of the anus, roughly 24 –
48 hours after eating.

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