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Dengue Virus Pathophysiology Overview

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of dengue fever. It outlines both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, including geographical areas and environmental factors. It describes the life cycle of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which carries the dengue virus and transmits it to humans through bites. It explains the incubation period in humans and how the virus disseminates and stimulates the immune response. Key diagnostic hematology findings are noted. The process of antibody production, viral replication in cells, and organ involvement are summarized. Finally, common signs and symptoms of the disease are listed.

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303 views1 page

Dengue Virus Pathophysiology Overview

This document summarizes the pathophysiology of dengue fever. It outlines both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors, including geographical areas and environmental factors. It describes the life cycle of the Aedes aegypti mosquito, which carries the dengue virus and transmits it to humans through bites. It explains the incubation period in humans and how the virus disseminates and stimulates the immune response. Key diagnostic hematology findings are noted. The process of antibody production, viral replication in cells, and organ involvement are summarized. Finally, common signs and symptoms of the disease are listed.

Uploaded by

dianna_espiritu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Pathophysiology

Modifiable Risk Factor: Non-Modifiable Risk Factor:


Geographical area – tropical islands Environment
in the Immunocompromise
Pacific and Asia Mosquito (Aedes aegypti)

Aedes aegypti (dengue virus carrier): 8-


12 days of viral replication on
mosquito’s salivary glands.

Bite from mosquito (Portal of Entry in


the Skin) Redness & itchiness in the
area

Allowing dengue virus to be inoculated


towards the circulation/blood (Incubation
Period: 3-14 days)

Virus disseminated rapidly into the blood and


stimulates WBCs including B lymphocytes that Diagnostic:
produces and secretes immunoglobulins Hematology:
(antibodies), and monocytes/macrophges, Increased WBC:
neutrophils 12,900/cumm
(5,000- 10,000/cumm)
Increased Lymphocytes:
49% (20-40%)
Antibodies attach to the viral antigens, and
Diagnostic: then monocytes/macrophages will perform
Hematology: phagocytosis through Fc receptor (FcR) within
Decreased Monocytes: 4 the cells and dengue virus replicates in the
%( 8-14%) cells.
Decreased Neutrophils: 49 Entry to the Entry to the
%( 50-70%) spleen, and bone marrow
liver
Recognition of dengue viral antigen on
infected monocyte by cytotoxic T cells

Signs/ symptoms: Release of cytokines which consist of vasoactive


Febrile: 38.6C agents such as interleukins, tumor necrosis factor,
Severe headache (retro- urokinase and platelet activating factors which
ocular) stimulates WBCs and pyrogen release
Nausea and vomiting;
rash (maculopapular,
petechial, or
erythematous)
Itching
aberrations in the sense
of taste(metallic taste) Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

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