56
CHAPTE R 3 VECTORS
Questions
2 The two vectors shown in Fig. 3-21
lie in an xy plane. What are the signs
of the x and y components, respec:
:
:
:
tively, of (a) d1 d2, (b) d1 d2, and
:
:
(c) d2 d1?
6 Describe two vectors :
a and b such that
1 Can the sum of the magnitudes
of two vectors ever be equal to the
magnitude of the sum of the same
two vectors? If no, why not? If yes,
when?
ab :
c
(a) :
ab :
c
(c) :
:
Figure 3-21 Question 2.
:
d2 (6 m)j,
:
d3 (8 m)i.
5 Which of the arrangements of axes in Fig. 3-23 can be labeled
right-handed coordinate system? As usual, each axis label indicates the positive side of the axis.
(a )
(c )
(1)
(2)
(e )
C
E
11 In a game held within a threeFigure 3-25 Question 10.
dimensional maze, you must move
your game piece from start, at xyz coordinates (0, 0, 0), to finish, at coordinates (2 cm, 4 cm, 4 cm).
The game piece can undergo only the displacements (in centimeters) given below. If, along the way, the game piece lands at coordinates (5 cm, 1 cm, 1 cm) or (5 cm, 2 cm, 1 cm), you lose the
game. Which displacements and in what sequence will get your
game piece to finish?
:
r 2i 3j 2k
s 3i 5j 3k.
:
ax 3
ay 3
cx 3
cy 3
bx 3
by 3
dx 3
dy 3.
(a) A (B C)
:
(f )
(f) A (B C)
(g) 5 A
(h) 5 (B C)
(c) A (B C)
Figure 3-23 Question 5.
(3)
10 Figure 3-25 shows vector A and
four other vectors that have the same
magnitude but differ in orientation.
(a) Which of those other four vectors
:
have the same dot product with A ? (b)
Which have a negative dot product
:
with A ?
(b) A (B C)
(d )
Figure 3-24 Question 9.
y
z
13 Which of the following are correct (meaningful) vector
expressions? What is wrong with any incorrect expression?
(b )
12 The x and y components of four vectors :
a , b ,:
c , and d are given
below. For which vectors will your calculator give you the correct angle u when you use it to find u with Eq. 3-6? Answer first by examining Fig. 3-12, and then check your answers with your calculator.
x
z
y
F
p 7i 2j 3k
q 2i j 4k
v B) and :
v is perpendicular to B, then what is the
9 If F q(:
:
direction of B in the three situations shown in Fig. 3-24 when constant q is (a) positive and (b) negative?
4 Equation 3-2 shows that the addition of two vectors :
a and b is
commutative. Does that mean subtraction is commutative, so that
:
:
:
ab b:
a?
a b :
a :
c , must b equal :
c?
8 If :
d1
The pit is at coordinates (8 m, 6 m). If a team member putts the
ball into or through the pit, the member is automatically transferred to Florida State University, the arch rival. What sequence
of displacements should a team member use to avoid the pit and
the school transfer?
and a2 b2 c2.
:
c ), does (a) :
a ( d ) :
c ( b ), (b) :
a
7 If d a b (:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
( b ) d c , and (c) c ( d ) a b ?
3 Being part of the Gators, the
University of Florida golfing team y
must play on a putting green with an
Hole
alligator pit. Figure 3-22 shows an
overhead view of one putting chalGator
lenge of the team; an xy coordinate
pit
system is superimposed. Team members must putt from the origin to the
hole, which is at xy coordinates (8 m,
x
12 m), but they can putt the golf ball
using only one or more of the folFigure 3-22 Question 3.
lowing displacements, one or more
times:
:
d1 (8 m)i (6 m)j,
and a b c;
ab :
a b;
(b) :
d2
(d) A (B C)
:
(e) A (B C)
(i) 5 (B C)
:
(j) (A B) (B C)
