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Criterios de Falla

The document discusses different yield criteria for evaluating failure of ductile and brittle materials under plane stress conditions. It describes maximum shear stress, maximum distortion energy, and maximum normal stress criteria for determining whether a structural component made of those materials is safe based on a comparison to tensile test results.

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Jonatan Pozo Palacios
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123 views6 pages

Criterios de Falla

The document discusses different yield criteria for evaluating failure of ductile and brittle materials under plane stress conditions. It describes maximum shear stress, maximum distortion energy, and maximum normal stress criteria for determining whether a structural component made of those materials is safe based on a comparison to tensile test results.

Uploaded by

Jonatan Pozo Palacios
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Third

Edition

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
Diagrama esfuerzo - deformacin para
materiales dctiles

Diagrama - de acero con


bajo contenido de carbono

2-1

2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Beer Johnston DeWolf

Diagrama - de aleacin
de aluminio

Third
Edition

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS
Diagrama esfuerzo deformacin de materiales
frgiles

Beer Johnston DeWolf

Diagrama - de un material
frgil

2-2

2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

Third
Edition

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Beer Johnston DeWolf

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials Under Plane Stress


Failure of a machine component
subjected to uniaxial stress is directly
predicted from an equivalent tensile test
Failure of a machine component
subjected to plane stress cannot be
directly predicted from the uniaxial state
of stress in a tensile test specimen
It is convenient to determine the
principal stresses and to base the failure
criteria on the corresponding biaxial
stress state
Failure criteria are based on the
mechanism of failure. Allows
comparison of the failure conditions for
a uniaxial stress test and biaxial
component loading
2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

7-3

Third
Edition

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Beer Johnston DeWolf

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials Under Plane Stress


Maximum shearing stress criteria:
Structural component is safe as long as the
maximum shearing stress is less than the
maximum shearing stress in a tensile test
specimen at yield, i.e.,
max Y

Y
2

For a and b with the same sign,


max

a
2

or

Y
2
2

For a and b with opposite signs,


max

2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

a b
2

Y
2

7-4

Third
Edition

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Beer Johnston DeWolf

Yield Criteria for Ductile Materials Under Plane Stress


Maximum distortion energy criteria:
Structural component is safe as long as the
distortion energy per unit volume is less
than that occurring in a tensile test specimen
at yield.
ud uY
1 2
1 2
a a b b2
Y Y 0 02
6G
6G

a2 a b b2 Y2

2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

7-5

Third
Edition

MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Beer Johnston DeWolf

Fracture Criteria for Brittle Materials Under Plane Stress


Brittle materials fail suddenly through rupture
or fracture in a tensile test. The failure
condition is characterized by the ultimate
strength U.
Maximum normal stress criteria:
Structural component is safe as long as the
maximum normal stress is less than the
ultimate strength of a tensile test specimen.
a U
b U

2002 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

7-6

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