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Geometry Proofs and Concepts

This document provides examples of two-column proofs involving properties of midpoints, parallel lines, congruent triangles, rectangles, parallelograms, similar triangles, reflections, and size transformations. The examples demonstrate how to set up statements and provide reasoning to prove geometric statements using given information and properties. In total, there are 10 examples provided to illustrate different types of two-column proofs about lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals and transformations.

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776 views6 pages

Geometry Proofs and Concepts

This document provides examples of two-column proofs involving properties of midpoints, parallel lines, congruent triangles, rectangles, parallelograms, similar triangles, reflections, and size transformations. The examples demonstrate how to set up statements and provide reasoning to prove geometric statements using given information and properties. In total, there are 10 examples provided to illustrate different types of two-column proofs about lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals and transformations.

Uploaded by

api-292903863
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 6

For numbers 1- 6 create a two-column to prove the statement.

1. Given: W is the midpoint of XY and

VZ
Prove: XVW YZW
Statement
W is the midpoint of

XY
and VZ

Reasons
given

YW

XW

Definition of midpoint

Z W V W

Definition of midpoint

m XWV m YWZ

Vertical angles

XVW YZW

SAS

2. Given: W is the midpoint of

VZ
.

Prove: XV YZ
Statement
W is the midpoint of

XY
and VZ

XY
and

Reasons
given

YW

XW

Definition of midpoint

VW

ZW

Definition of midpoint

m XWV m YWZ

Vertical angles

XVW YZW
YZ

XV

SAS

Congruent triangles
have congruent
corresponding parts

3. Given: W is the midpoint of

VZ
.

Prove: XV YZ
Statement
W is the midpoint of

XY
and VZ

XY
and

Reasons
given

YW

XW

Definition of midpoint

VW

ZW

Definition of midpoint

m XWV m YWZ

Vertical angles

XVW YZW

SAS

mW X V mW Y Z Congruent triangles
have congruent
corresponding parts

Congruent alternate
XV YZ
interior angles gives
parallel lines.

4. Given: CDEF is a rectangle; CG HE


Prove: GDHF is a parallelogram.
Statement
Reasons
CDEF is a rectangle
Given
HE

Given
CG
m FCG m DEH =90 Definition of a
rectangle

Opposite sides of a
CF DE
rectangle are
congruent.
CGF EHD
SAS

DH

GF

CG
FE
HE

CD

Congruent triangles
give congruent
corresponding parts
Opposite sides of a
rectangle are
congruent
Segment subtraction

FH

DG

Segment subtraction

FE

CD

FH

DG

GDFH is a parallelogram

DH

GF
If a quadrilateral has
opposite sides
congruent then it is
a parallelogram.

5. Given: ABCD is a parallelogram


Prove: BCE AFE
Statement
ABCD is a
parallelogram
BC

AD

Reasons
given

Definition of
parallelogram
m BAD m EBC
Corresponding angles B
are congruent when
given parallel lines
m BEC m BE C
Shared angle
E
BCE AFE
AA

6. Given: BCE AFE ; BC EC


D

Prove: AFE is isosceles


Statement
BCE AF E
EC

BC

Given

k EC

EF

Definition of similar
triangles
Definition of similar
triangles
Substitution

A F k AD
k EC

k AD
AFE is
isosceles

Reasons
Given

Definition of an
isosceles triangle

B
C
E

7. Given theBtriangles below,


5 a. Provide an argument to justify ABC ?
C very careful with your thinking on this problem!
Be

ABC9.6
because
m ACB m DCE

8 9.6
=
5 6 =1.6; and

because they are vertical angles. So by


D

SAS~ the triangles are similar.


b. Show your work to find the length of
x=8

.
AB
12.8

8. In the diagram below,

||

M
N

x
12
R
Q
10

P
20

a. Provide an argument to justify that


.

MPR NPQ because MR NQ , so m MRP m NQP because corresboning


angles are congruent when given parallel lines, and m NPQ m MPR
vertical angles. MPR NPQ by AA~
b. Use the given measurements to determine the length of
x=1 8
9. Reflect ABC

because they are

MR

across line l andB

then across line m. Label this


XYZ .

A
a. Which vertex of XYZ is the image
of the point A?
X

m
X
Z
Y

b. If ABC is an equilateral triangle, what can you say about XYZ ? Explain your
reasoning.
XYZ is also equilateral. All the corresponding side lengths of ABC would be
preserved through the reflection of the triangle, so by SSS congruence the triangles are
congruent.
c. Identify the single transformation to map ABC onto XYZ ? 180 rotation
10. In the diagram below, quadrilateral WXYZ is a parallelogram.

Y
Z

a. Draw the
image of WXYZ under a size transformation with center C and
magnitude 2. Label the image
.
Use the properties of size transformation to explain why
WXYZ.
The parallelograms would be similar because through size transformations the corresponding
angle measure are preserved, and the side lengths all have the same scale factor of 2.

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