Good Morning!
Remember you have a colonies quiz this
morning. Please take a few minutes to study
your map.
If you are not using your time wisely we will
begin our quiz right away.
Chapters 2 & 3
The 3 Gs of Exploration:
God spread Christianity
Gold and other
resources like silver &
spices; also wealth & new
markets for goods
Glory adventure, fame,
and power
Explorers & settlers from
England
Denmark
The Netherlands
France
Portugal
Russia
Spain
Think about it:
Which groups settled in what
is today the United States?
What does that mean?
charter certificate of
permission
joint-stock company
business plan founded &
run by a group of people
who invest in the plan &
share any money made (or
lost)
Delawares original royal charter
Two Main Types of Colonies:
Royal under the direct
control of the Crown
(monarch of England)
Proprietary belonged to
wealthy individuals or
companies
1st English colony: Roanoke
Sir Walter Raleigh
island in Virginia (today NC coast)
twice settled & failed
Why?
ships had trouble landing
sandy, infertile soil
Colony Chart Activity (part
1):
On your own paper, create the
chart (use the full page for your
chart)
Read pages 45-49
Complete your chart for ONLY
the following colonies:
Virginia
Maryland
Georgia
Southern Colonies
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia
Date founded: 1607 (1st proprietary, 1624 royal)
Founder/Group: Virginia Company
Reasons for Settlement: gain wealth for England
and help with Englands population growth
Significant Facts:
Jamestown (1607)
Powhatan & Indian lands
John Smith
John Rolfe & Pocahontas
tobacco cultivation
House of Burgesses (1619)
Bacons Rebellion (1676)
Read document and answer the questions
included in the reading.
Disease
Stake in the land
Tobacco Cultivation
Free Land
especially Malaria from
mosquitoes in swamps
Hunger
colonists too weakened
by disease to farm
War
colonists owned and
worked their own land
led by John Rolfe,
wealth for England
with Indians under
Powhatans leadership
got 50 acres if your
paid for your passage
(or someone elses)
Reasons for Struggle
Reasons for
Success/Growth
Think about it
What was the purpose of the House of
Burgesses?
representative body people could make laws
Who could participate in it?
male landowners over 17 years
What powers did it have?
make laws and make taxes
What legacy/trend did it start?
colonists making decisions for themselves
Forced onto less fertile
lands in interior b/c of
population growth
War w/ Indians
Gov. William Berkeley
taxed heavily & gave
money to wealthy
Causes
Berkeley would not let
settlers attack all Indians
Settlers led by Nathaniel
Bacon rebelled (1676)
burned Jamestown
Bacon died & rebellion
ended
Events
Significance: showed poorer farmers would not put
up w/ a govt that only helped wealthy
Date founded: 1632
(proprietary colony)
Founder/Group: Lord Baltimore
Reasons for Settlement: create a refuge (safe
place) for Catholics who were discriminated
against
Significant Facts:
More Protestants settled here
Date founded: 1732 (proprietary colony)
Founder/Group: James Oglethorpe
Reasons for Settlement: create a buffer to
protect S. Carolina against Spanish Florida
Significant Facts:
Last of the 13 colonies
Set up as a haven for English
debtors
Because of Oglethorpes strict
rules, it became royal colony
in 1752
Colony Chart Activity (part 2):
Read pages 50-52
Complete your chart for ONLY
the following colonies:
Massachusetts (2 settlements)
Rhode Island
New England Colonies
1.
2.
3.
4.
New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Connecticut
Rhode Island
Massachusetts
Date founded: 1620
Founder/Group:
Pilgrims William
Bradford
Reason for Settlement:
religious freedom
Significant Facts:
Mayflower Compact 1620
doc. that established
self-government
Plymouth
Date founded: 1630
Founder/Group:
Puritans John
Winthrop
Reason for Settlement:
religious freedom,
create an ideal society
Significant Facts:
Elected own governor
only ones that did so
Massachusetts Bay
Complete the reading
Select one to two main points from the
reading and share with a partner.
As a group select the main point of the
reading and share with the class.
Created by 1662 by New
England Puritans
Form of partial church
membership for children
and grandchildren of full
members
Goal: keep current
members & attract new
ones
Date founded: 1636
Founder/Group: Roger Williams
Reasons for Settlement: create a refuge for
radical Puritans (religious dissenters)
Significant Facts:
Kicked out of Mass. Bay:
Williams pay Indians for land
Anne Hutchinson argued
Mass. had not done enough
to break from Anglican ways
Separation of church & state
Salem, Massachusetts
major Indian rebellion
1692
1675
Authorities tried,
convicted, & executed
19 suspected witches
Ended when prominent
citizens were accused
Salem Witch Trials
Indian chief Metacom
(known as King Phillip)
blamed, but multiple
tribes fought
Indians defeated & lost
most of remaining land
King Phillips War
Town Hall Meetings-conducted by local tax-paying
citizens (males w/ property) to decide issues
Massachusetts Legislature established by local towns
to provide local leadership
(not just the Crown)
1684 - Mass. lost its charter
& a new legislature established
Mass. became a royal colony in 1691
Colony Chart Activity (part 3):
Read pages 55-59
Complete your chart for ONLY
the following colonies:
New York
Pennsylvania
Work on this part INDIVIDUALLY
Middle Colonies
1.
2.
3.
4.
New York
Pennsylvania
New Jersey
Delaware
Date founded: 1625, taken by English in 1664
Founder/Group: Dutch
Reasons for Settlement: guard the mouth of the
Hudson River to protect fur trade; English
wanted it to control trade
Significant Facts:
Dutch settlement New Amsterdam
later became city of New York
Tolerated other religious groups
Drew diverse group of colonists
Date founded: 1682
Founder/Group: William Penn
Reasons for Settlement: debt paid to Penn by
King Charles II of England; created to be a safe
haven for Quakers
Significant Facts:
Quakers followed Inner Light to
understand Bible, men & women
spiritually equal, pacifists,
tolerated other faiths
Peace w/ local Indians
New
England
small family farms
(livestock & grew
crops for own
use, not trade)
exported lumber
& fish
built ships
trade
manufacturing
major ports:
Boston
Middle
Colonies
Southern
Colonies
small family farms farming most
(exporting wheat
profitable region,
profitable)
grew tobacco,
built ships
rice, indigo
trade
(cotton by 1790s)
manufacturing
major ports:
(glass & iron)
Charleston
major ports:
Philadelphia
New York
New
England
Middle
Colonies
Southern
Colonies
few African
Americans
middle class
families who
could pay for trip
towns supported
schools = more
people literate
greater economic
equality
a few colleges
few African
Americans
came as families
mix of towns and
small & large
farms
most ethnically &
culturally diverse
a few colleges
African American
majority in areas
poor, young,
single men
indentured
servants
plantation
economy, slavery
population spread
far, few schools,
higher illiteracy
econ. inequality
Now that you have completed the colonial
comparison chart, turn your sheet over and
complete the Venn Diagram using the
information from the chart.
Three-part voyage called triangular trade
Middle Passage forced transport of enslaved
Africans from W. Africa to Americas; cramped
ships, suffered inhumane treatment = 10% died
(pages 68-69)
Cause: Southern Colonies needed
plantation workers
First used indentured servants
European immigration declined
by 1660s
First treated like
indentured servants
given freedom
By mid-1600s laws to
support permanent
enslavement
In North, worked in cities & could earn money to
pay for freedom
Many didnt share a culture (language or religion)
Blended African traditions to create new culture
Most adopted Christianity blended w/ some
African traditions
Government: salutary neglect
allowed colonies local self-rule
Economic: mercantilism policy
where a nation (mother country)
gained wealth by exporting
more manufactured goods than
it imported; goal: get gold &
silver through trade
Enlightenment (1600s & 1700s)
thinkers believed that all problems
could be solved using human
reason; challenged old ways
Significance for Colonies:
Inspired Benjamin Franklin scientist (invented lightning rod &
bifocal glasses), political
statesmen, printer, and writer of
American literature (Poor Richards
Almanac)
Represented social mobility &
colonial spirit of individualism
Great Awakening (mid 1700s)
religious movement that featured
passionate preaching from
evangelical leaders
Preachers:
Jonathan Edwards Sinners in
the Hand of an Angry God
George Whitefield
Significance:
encouraged colonists to think for
themselves on religious matters;
extended to ideas about govt
George Whitefield
