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The document describes an experiment testing the effectiveness of a new sleeping pill compared to a placebo and no treatment. Three groups of 25 patients each were given the drug, placebo, or no treatment. The number of minutes to fall asleep was recorded. An ANOVA analysis found a statistically significant difference between the groups (F=4.5471, p=0.0138), indicating the drug was more effective than the placebo or no treatment. Confidence intervals for the group means showed the drug group fell asleep faster than the other groups on average.

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106 views2 pages

Do Not Download

The document describes an experiment testing the effectiveness of a new sleeping pill compared to a placebo and no treatment. Three groups of 25 patients each were given the drug, placebo, or no treatment. The number of minutes to fall asleep was recorded. An ANOVA analysis found a statistically significant difference between the groups (F=4.5471, p=0.0138), indicating the drug was more effective than the placebo or no treatment. Confidence intervals for the group means showed the drug group fell asleep faster than the other groups on average.

Uploaded by

riteshbhu
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Q9-62 (Page No: 459)

Analysis of Variance has long been used in providing evidence of the effectiveness
of pharmaceutical drugs. Such evidence is required before the Food and Drug
Administration (FDA) will allow a drug to be marketed. In a recent test of the
effectiveness of a new sleeping pill, three groups of 25 patients each were given
the following treatments. The first group was given the drug, the second group was
given a placebo, and the third group was given no treatment at all. The number of
minutes it took each person to fall asleep was recorded. The results are as follows:
Drug Group: 12, 17, 34, 11, 5, 42, 18, 27, 2, 37, 50, 32, 12, 27, 21, 10, 4, 33, 63,
22, 41, 19, 28, 29, 8
Placebo Group: 44, 32, 28, 30, 22, 12, 3, 12, 42, 13, 27, 54, 56, 32, 37, 28, 22, 22,
24, 9, 20, 4, 13, 42, 67
No-treatment Group: 32, 33, 21, 12, 15, 14, 55, 67, 72, 1, 44, 60, 36, 38, 49, 66, 89,
63, 23, 6, 9, 56, 28, 39, 59
Use a computer (or hand calculations) to determine whether the drug is effective.
What about placebo? Give differences in average effectiveness, if any exist.

Solution:
Problem Statement: To test the effectiveness of a new sleeping pill in order to get
the permission for the drug to be marketed using analysis of variance between the
three groups administered.
Null Hypothesis

Ho: 1= 2= 3

Alternative Hypothesis

H1: i uj ; i,j= 1, 2, 3, ij

= 5%
Construction of Test Statistic:
i.
ii.
iii.

All groups are normally distributed.


All groups population variances are equal.
Sampling Distribution is F distribution with K, n-k degree of freedom.

ANOVA
n

25

25

25

ANOVA Table

1
2
3
4

A
12
17
34
11

B
44
32
28
30

C
32
33
21
12

Source
Between
Within
Total

5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25

5
42
18
27
2
37
50
32
12
27
21
10
4
33
63
22
41
19
28
29
8

22
12
3
12
42
13
27
54
56
32
37
28
22
22
24
9
20
4
13
42
67

15
14
55
67
72
1
44
60
36
38
49
66
89
63
23
6
9
56
28
39
59

Fo = MBSS/MWSS
Fo = 4.5471
qo

SS
3203.12
25359.6
28562.7

5%
df
2
72
74

MS
1601.6
352.22

F
4.5471

Fcritical
3.1239

pvalue
0.0138

Reject

Confidence Intervals for Group Me


Confidence Intervals for Group Means
Group
Confidence Interval

A
24.16

7.4824
95%
B
27.8

7.4824
95%
C
39.48

7.4824
95%

Grand Mean

Grand Mean
30.48

Tukey test for pairwise comparison of group means


A
r
B
B
3
n-r
C
Sig
72
q0
3.31
T
12.424

Assumptions
All groups are normally distributed.
All group variances are equal.

Fk, n-k d.f

10

20

30

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