Construction Site Organization &

Management
Project Life is what happens when you are making other plans

Presented by
Gautam Arora

Gautam Arora

PRESENT SCENARIO

Gautam Arora

Key Personnel

Project director

MEP coordinator

Project manager

Site clerk

Contract manager

Store keeper

Project engineer

Safety officer

Quantity surveyor/ billing engineer

Procurement Engineer

Site supervisor

QA/QC Manager

Land surveyor

External Development

Gautam Arora

MIS in a Organization
Mission
What

How
Plans and budgets

Objectives

Policies

Goals

Unstructured decisions

Semi-structured decisions
structured decisions

Information Flow
Top
Management
Middle Management

Operational

Management

Levels Of Management
Gautam Arora

THE PROJECT LIFE - CYCLE

Gautam Arora

Our Construction Supervision Management Manual

Project Overview
Scope of Work
Project Particulars
Project Organisation Structure
Site Office Structure
Project Planning Monitoring & Control
Planning
Schedule monitoring
Quality Monitoring
Quantity Monitoring
Cost Monitoring
Progress Reporting

Project Administration
Documentation at site
Site office responsibilities
Responsibilities of key
personals
Quality Assurance System
Quality Assurance
Quality Matrix
Measurement Control
Specification Control
Change Control
NCR
Material Inspection &
Test Plan
Works Inspection & Test
Plan
Forms & Checklists

Gautam Arora

Planning Module at Project

z

Making schedules

Labour schedules

Purpose
How to make Labour Schedules
Labour Needs

Planning-higher productivity- higher profit

Plant and vehicles schedules

How to make plant and transport schedules

Materials schedules

Purpose
How to make materials schedules

Gautam Arora

Planning of Material

Basics

Objectives

Nature of the Project

Who all are Involved

Challenges

What do we do

Gautam Arora

Planning of Material

Quantum of Work / Material required to be clearly defined

Drawings & Designs to be available

BOQ - Specifications
Software
Rate Analysis

Conditions of the Contract to be clearly defined & followed

GCC
SCC
EMD, BG, Defect Liability Period, Insurance

Gautam Arora

Cont

Vendors to be short listed & informed about the Project requirement

Categorization as per Projects Completed, In-hand & In future

Expected Response period in the same scenario, with in company or
from outside - Source & Destination Analysis.
Quality of delivered Product - Variation from the requirement
Check for the requisite Compliances Supply / Supply & Installation
available with Vendor.

Payments & issuance of Purchase Order Methodology freezed.

Risk Assessment: Seasonal effect over the availability of Material

also effect on Cost.

Cement

Steel
Sand

Aggregates

Gautam Arora

Cont

FOB & FOR Analysis

Buffer maintenance

Develop Methodology for the events to follow

Checklist Quality & Quantity Methodology

Upon delivery - Variation from the requirement

Gautam Arora

Execution and Monitoring

Methodology of construction
Selection and fixing up construction agency
Mobilization of resources
Setting out work
Making daily work programme
Allocation of resources
Quality control
Deployment of plant and machinery
Taking measurement and preparation of running account bill
Obtaining client approval

Gautam Arora

Cont.
Preparing labour report, material consumption, inventory, equipment
utilization, POL consumption
Liaison with outside agencies
Correspondence with outside agencies
Maintenance of daily site and hindrance register
Preparation of MIS

Gautam Arora

Closure after Handing over the Project - Attributes

Physical completion of the work as per contract
Preparation of final bill for the work as executed according to contract
and also extra work carried out beyond that provided for in the bill of
quantities.
Reconciliation of material consumed for the work and for the material
issued by the client as per terms of the contract
Plant and equipment utilization statement
Demobilization of resources.
Settlement of claims with the client, and obtaining extension of time
etc.
Gautam Arora

MANPOWER AT WORK

Gautam Arora

ORGANISATION CHARTS
An organisation chart is a plan of working relationships. It shows who is
to do the work that is to be done and who is to direct and supervise the
efforts of those who are to do the work.

Gautam Arora

Characteristics / features of the organisation chart

1. Depicts the organisations formal structure and shows only formal
relationship.

2. Does not insure good organisation or good management; merely

because a chart is in existence. It is no guarantee for good
organisation.

3. Essentially illustrates who reports to whom.

Gautam Arora

Cont
4. Merely shows the designations of the individuals, thus no names
appear, only functions, e.g. Sales Manger, Financial Advisor etc.

5. Reflects a simplified and abstract model of the organisations

structure; they do not show human relationships; it is said that an
organisation chart is like a snap shot; it is a static model of a
dynamic, living process.

Gautam Arora

Principles of an organisation chart

1. Line of authority should be observed by the top management in
dealing with subordinates.
2. Line of authority should be observed by the subordinates in dealing
with supervisors.
3. Organisational chart should define lines of position of each individual
very carefully.
4. Identical authority or responsibility should not rest upon two or more
persons.
5. Avoidance of undue concentration of duty at any point.
6. Organisation chart should be above the personalities.
7. Organisation chart should be simple and flexible.

Gautam Arora

Categories of Organisation
z

Line Organisation

Line and Staff Organisation

Functional Organisation

Project or Matrix Organisation

Committee Organisation

Gautam Arora

Line organisation

Gautam Arora

Line and staff organisation

Gautam Arora

Functional organisation

General Manager

Personnel
Manager

Finance
Manager

Production
Manager

Marketing
Manger

Gautam Arora

Project or matrix organisation

This is one of the latest types pf organisational design.

The matrix organisation is a combination of the project organisation and

the functional organisation. Authority flows vertically within functional
departments, while authority of project manger flows horizontally crossing
vertical lines. Thus, matrix organisation is created, when project
management is superimposed on a stable hierarchical structure, usually of
a functional nature. Here the individuals working on a project have a
continuing dual assignment; to their project and to their base department.

Gautam Arora

Committee form of an organisation

Committee is a group of individuals especially designated to take
decisions in matters refereed to it through free exchange of ideas among
its members.

Gautam Arora

Reasons for low productivity at Project

Supervisors looking after too many people
Dissatisfied workers with a perceived grievance (for example, low
pay)
Very heavy work on a hot day
Waiting for materials
Waiting for tools
Waiting for instructions
Machine breakdown
Waiting for another worker (or equipment operator) to finish so they
can follow on (poor site layout)
Gautam Arora

Cont
Working in a confined space and getting in each other's way
Working gangs are out of balance (e.g. too many labourers to one
mason)
More people allocated to the task than needed
The economy
Revenue
Predictions of Revenue and Cost
S-curve example

Gautam Arora

Some ways of increasing productivity

Efficient site layout

Approach roads
Right of way for manpower & material movement
Selected location of Warehouse
Food, water & proper sanitary facilities
Un-interrupted Skyline
DG location for Oil refilling
Available Natural Light
Safe disposal of Waste & hazardous chemicals

More efficient tools & equipments

Safe passage for movement

Hoist & Tower Cranes to work at height
Regular checks & maintenance CYCLES
Grader for road works
Craddle for faade works
Gautam Arora

Cont.
Incentive schemes

Lump sum Wages

Milestone defined
Training

More efficient supervision

Defined Targets
Selective Manpower
Forms & Checklists

Use of more skilled workers: train your workforce

Removing barriers of Communication

Awareness to quality standards

Reduced waiting time

Planned procurement
Work fronts available
Source & destination analysis done
Gautam Arora

Project Manager Responsibilities

The PM is a key personnel & the responsibility of the entire project
complies with him which may adhere to some of the following:
Report to the GM / DGM / Project Coordinator at HO.
Analyze & Maintain documents.
Establish the work plans and review them periodically to ensure
project performance with assistance of his personnel.
Conduct technical and contractual reviews to ensure that the works
being executed in accordance with the contract document between
the client and contractor.
Monitor all the engineering and procurement procedures on site.
Initiate necessary remedial actions in consent with the HO to
maintain the project on schedule.
Certify the quality report along with the QAM and Clients PM.
Certify the measurement books along with the CM and Clients PM.
Authorize and approve all works performed by his staff in
connection with the project
Gautam Arora

Cont

Assist the Clients PM in evaluation and certification of variation

orders.
Attend, organize, invoke meetings with Clients PM and contractors.
Supervise the preparation & constructional explanatory sketches
wherever required.
Verify the recorded quantity & quality progress with the Clients PM
and certify.
Resolve non-conformance of contractor in consultation to Clients
PM and HO.
Organize progress meeting on monthly basis.
Record and inform the HO of all the on site activities.
Administer the site office.

Gautam Arora

Cont

Assist the Clients PM in evaluation and certification of variation

orders
Authorize and certify the onsite internal office expenses bills
Authorize and certify the staff leaves
Verify and send the fortnightly report to the HO with the computer
operator
Prepare and adhere to the approved site office cash flow.

Gautam Arora

NEEDS / REQUIREMENTS

Gautam Arora

Integration Management to deliver Project

z

OBJECTIVE: To deliver excellent Quality, in optimum Time frame at optimum

Cost.

Role : Produce at every stage of project lifecycle (preliminary stage, design

development stage, construction stage, and delivery of project):

Areas of Concern

Procurement,
Risk
Communication
Human Resources
Cost
Time
Scope, and
Quality

And producing PROJECT HEALTH REPORT

By exercising Planning / coordinating / facilitating / monitoring

project teams
Internal (Departments of design, contract, procurement)
External (Architects, Engineers, Review consultants,
Surveyors),
Gautam Arora

HSE Practices at Construction Sites

To Comply With
Gautam Arora

Standards

IS: 875-1964 Code of practice for structural safety of buildings and

loading standards

IS: 1905-1980 Code of practice for structural safety of buildings,

masonry walls

IS: 3696 (Part I) -1966, IS 4014- 1967 Safety code for scaffolds and
ladders: Part I Scaffolds & Safety Regulations for Scaffolding

IS: 3696 (Part II)-1966 Safety code for scaffolds and ladders: Part II
Ladders

IS: 3764-1966 Safety code for excavation work

IS 4081:1986 Safety code for blasting and related drilling operations

IS: 4082 1996 Recommendations on stacking and storage of

construction materials at site.

IS: 4130-1976 Safety code for demolition of building (first revision)

Gautam Arora

Cont
z

IS 4138:1977 Safety code for working in compressed air

IS 4756:1978 Safety code for tunneling work

IS: 4912-1978 Safety requirements for floor and wall openings, railings and
toe boards (first revision)
IS: 5121-1969 Safety code for piling and other deep foundations
IS: 5916-1970 Safety code constructions involving use of hot bituminous
materials

IS: 7205-1974 Safety code for erection of structural steel work

IS: 7293-1974 Safety code for working with construction machinery

IS: 7969-1975 Safety code for handling and storage of building materials
Gautam Arora

Cont
z

IS: 8989-1978 Safety code for erection of concrete framed structures

IS 10067:1982 Material constants in building works

IS: 10291-1982 Code of dress in Civil Engineering works

IS 10302:1982 Unified nomenclature of workmen for civil engineering

IS 13415:1992 Code of safety for protective barriers in and around buildings

IS 13416:1992 Recommendations for preventive measures against hazards

at workplaces

Part
Part
Part
Part
Part

1
2
3
4
5

Falling material hazards prevention

Fall prevention
Disposal of debris
Timber structure
Fire protection

Gautam Arora

Cont

IS 13430:1992 Code of practice for safety during additional

construction and alteration to existing buildings

SP 70 : 2001 Handbook on construction safety practices

IS: 10386-1983 General aspects Part 1 1983, Part 2 1982, Part 6 1983,
Part 10 1983 Amenities, protective clothing and equipment,

construction, storage, handling, detection and safety measures for

gases, chemicals and flammable liquids

Personnel Protective Equipment

IS: 2925-1984 Safety helmet
IS: 5983-1980 Eye protectors
IS: 7524 (Part I & II)-1979 Safety goggles & Safety Spectacle
Gautam Arora

Cont
z

IS: 1179-1967 Welding helmets & Welding Hand Shield

IS: 1179-1967/IS: 5983-1980 Filter: -- Welding Filter, Ultra Violet
Filter, Infra Red Filter, Filter Cover

IS: 8521(Part-I)-1977 & 1994 Face Shield with Plastic Visor

IS: 9973-1981 Visor

IS: 5852-1996 / IS: 11226 1993 Safety Shoes with steel toe

IS: 5914-1970 Leather Safety Shoes

IS: 11226-1993/IS: 13469-1992 Rubber/ PVC Sole and heels (oil &
Chemical resist)
Gautam Arora

Cont

IS: 3400 (Part-XV)-1971 Electrical resistively (Antistatic)

IS: 12254-1993, IS-13695-1993 - Rubber /PVC Knee Boots (Gum
Boots)
IS: 4770-1991 Safety gloves (Leather) / Safety Clothing
IS:6110-1983 IS:3322(Part-I)-1987 - Hand protectors Safety
Clothing (PVC Coated fabrics Double textured rubberized Water proof
ness fabrics)

Gautam Arora

Communication
z

Kick-off Meeting
Preliminary start-up for Contractor to submit safety programme.

Pre-job Meeting
For consultation before the activity start.

Progress Meeting
Update on project progress & resolve any coordination issue

Tool-Box Meeting
Medium to inform execution employees.

Safety Meeting
Trainings, inspections, review of all above.
Gautam Arora

Responsibility
z

Contractor

Prepare the Schedule & submit

Mobilization at site
Project Activities
Interdepartmental Coordination
Safety Milestones
Critical Activities
Special Trainings
Inspections
Hazard Zones

Work Permits

Work at Height
Hot work
Disposal
Excavation
Night Work
Restricted areas
Shafts/Confined Space

Gautam Arora

Planning
z

Sequence of work and its phasing between contractors to minimize

the possibility of one contractor placing another contractors men at
risk, where appropriate, the segregation of contractors should be
considered.
Need to provide information, instruction and appropriate training,
both on general site safety and hazardous specific in the site. The
latter could range from restricted zones, Permit-to-work systems,
lifting operation to the wearing of Personal protective equipment as
per IS standards.

Need for fire precautions and emergency procedures

Need for environmental monitoring and health surveillance

Site security and foreseeable risks to the public, including the need
for directional and warning signs.
Gautam Arora

Cont
z

Safe access across the site for persons, vehicles and equipment.
Thought should be given to arrangements for keeping the site tidy,
accommodation for site staff, safety welfare, first aid and other
facilities.
Provision of safe places of work at different stages of the job including
the provision of scaffolding, ladders for a number of sub-contractors.
Ambulance Room with 24 hrs Ambulance / Emergency vehicle
available at site. (Estimated five hundred plus workers are employed
/ an arrangement is made with a nearby hospital).
First Aid well equipped with stretchers with visiting doctor facility at
site, if workers over 100.

Gautam Arora

Cont
z

Building & other construction workers rules 2002 section 223 Medical
examination of building workers, etc.
conduct special medical examination for occupational hazards to such
building workers before their employment and thereafter at such intervals
as may be specified by the Chief Inspector of Inspections of Building and
Construction, from time to time.

Contractor should always be ready with mitigation / Emergency

Action plan.
Sufficient illumination at all times for maintaining safe working
conditions at a site of a building or other construction work is
provided where building workers are required to work or pass and for
passageways, stairways and landing, such illumination is not less
than that provided in the relevant national standards.
Contractor has to arrange for a Creche if 20 or more women are
ordinarily employed as contract labor at project site.
Gautam Arora

Coordination
z

The Site In-charge appointed by the prime contractor shall be totally

responsible for compliance with this health and safety code.
The contractor must appoint a Chief Safety Officer and form a
contractor safety committee along with safety representatives from
its sub-contractors.
This committee will be chaired by the Site In-charge and meet at
least once a week to review status on EHS issues.
It is expected that each contractor and sub-contractor will participate
in Daily Tool Box Talks and other safety meeting to co-ordinate
project work for the day across trades.

Gautam Arora

Cont
z

Clear lines of communication should be set up between each subcontractors Safety Officer and Safety officer of the prime Contractor.
Effective co-ordination will be enhanced by ensuring that Safety and
Health figures prominently on the agenda of regular project
meetings, as well as Safety meetings.
For better coordination on project related EHS issues, the safety
meeting participants shall include Project Manager, Project Managers
Safety representative, all contractors safety representatives along
with Owners safety rep.
Project Managers Safety officer shall convene this meeting and
participants from all contractors safety representatives will be
mandatory.
Minutes of this meting shall be circulated to all concerned
Gautam Arora

Monitoring
z

Arrangements must be made for safety and health monitoring of the

site on a regular basis. This will include, not only ensuring the safety
issues associated with working at heights, excavations, working with
energy sources, etc. but also environmental matters such as
hazardous dust, fumes, noise etc.
In all cases, the contractors Site-In-charge shall ensure that daily
site inspections are carried out by the contractors Safety Officer,
more in depth inspection being done periodically by visiting safety
advisor.
It may be necessary for arrangements to be made for specialist
occupational health and hygiene advice.
The checklist for daily inspection is provided which must be included
in the Behavior Observation Process (BOP).
Contractor will generate the Monthly EHS report and submit with
safety statistics and photographs.

Gautam Arora

Safety Audits
z
z
z
z

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

Organization
Accident control
Emergency Preparedness
Workers Health & Hygiene
facilities
Workplace safety
Electrical systems
Fire prevention
Demarcated areas
Mechanical equipment
Safe work practices
Storage areas
Material stacking
Housekeeping
Safety statistics

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

Display of emergency numbers

MSDS (Material Safety data sheet)
Personal Protective Equipment
Safety training
Safety meetings
First aid facilities
Traffic control, Signage, etc.
Safety programs / Promotional
activities

Gautam Arora

Management Responsibility of Safety

z

Safe place of work, which includes safe means of access and exit
during normal daily work routine as well as in emergencies

Safe plant and equipment including the maintenance & records.

Safe systems of work. This includes safe working practices and work
instructions for all jobs taking particular account of hazardous situations

Safe working environment and proper arrangements for employee

welfare. This responsibility includes proper lighting, ventilation, fume
and dust extraction, noise control, housekeeping, seating, drinking
water, sanitary facilities and a wide range of other factors.
Safe methods for storing, handling and transporting goods and
substances

Gautam Arora

Cont
z

Such information instruction, training and supervision as is necessary

to ensure efficient and safe working practices, which comply with
national legislation and company rules.
Basic and job related safety training for all its and as well its Sub
contractors temporary and permanent employees
Consultation with employee with a view to making and maintaining
adequate and effective arrangements for health safety and welfare.
A written statement with respect to the health, safety and welfare of
the employees containing details of procedures which will put the
policy into effect and define individual responsibilities for safety.
Where accommodation provided by the company, this must conform
to the same safety and hygiene standards as other company
premises, in respect of the premises itself and the working of any
staff.
Gautam Arora

Responsibility of Safety Manager

z

To manage the company Health and Safety program

To make recommendations on matters concerning health and safety
to the Director responsible for the company health and safety
program in order to achieve the companys health and safety
objectives
To inspect all or part of the premises daily to ensure the program is
being complied with
To carry out full inspection at least once every week for potential
hazards
To prepare Pre task plans and make necessary modifications till they
are accepted by Project Managers Safety representative
To arrange adequate materials and publicity for the Health and Safety
Gautam Arora
Program

Cont
z

z
z

To recommend any necessary health and safety rules including

changes where appropriate
To arrange, attend and supply relevant material for Safety Committee
Meetings and weekly safety meetings
To conduct appropriate job related health and safety training for all
new and existing staff whether temporary or permanent. Any job
change should be accompanied by relevant retraining.

To ensure that all fire equipment is regularly inspected and serviced.

To ensure the provision of safe tools

Gautam Arora

Cont
z

To carry out specific health and safety training for managers,

supervisors and safety representatives.
To properly investigate all accidents, damage to property and near
miss incidents and make sure that any corrective action is
implemented
To maintain accident records and make a weekly inspection of first
aid records and implement any necessary subsequent action
To prepare weekly summaries of injury/damage and inspection
reports for senior management

Gautam Arora

Emergency Plan
In dealing with an emergency situation, the broad objective of the plan
is to provide a system capable of taking fast and effective action in an
emergency situation and to maximize effective utilization of resources
available to:
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

z
z
z

Safeguard lives both at the site and in the neighborhood,

Contain the incident and bring it under control,
Action plan for all coordinating departments and agencies,
Minimize damage to property and neighboring environment,
Rescue and treat casualties,
Provide welfare assistance to casualties,
Identify persons affected, notify relatives, extend necessary
assistance, etc.,
Evacuate persons to safe areas,
Restoration of normal operations in least possible time,
Minimize panic amongst employees and public out side our site
premises.
Gautam Arora

Health & Well being of Construction Workers

z
z

z
z
z

z
z

z
z

Provide clean drinking water to all workers.

Provide adequate number of decentralized latrines and urinals to
construction workers.
Guarding all parts of dangerous machinery.
Precautions for working on machinery.
Maintaining hoists and lifts, lifting machines, chains, ropes, and other
lifting tackles in good condition.
Durable and reusable formwork systems to replace timber formwork and
ensure that formwork where used is properly maintained.
Ensuring that walking surfaces or boards at height are of sound
construction and are provided with safety rails or belts.
Provide protective equipment; helmets etc.
Provide measures to prevent fires. Fire extinguishers and buckets of sand
to be provided in the fire-prone area and elsewhere.
Provide sufficient and suitable light for working during nighttime.
Dangers, health hazards, and measures to protect workers from
materials of construction, transportation, storage etc.
Gautam Arora

Environmental Management System

It refers to system for managing an organizations environmental
programmes in a comprehensive systematic, planned and
documented manner for developing, implementing, achieving,
reviewing and maintaining the environmental policy.
Mitigation measures for each impact during the construction, operation and
the entire life cycle to minimize adverse environmental impacts as a result
of the activities of the project.
Recommendation of enhancement measures i.e. landscape plan, solid waste
management plan, traffic circulation plan etc. to improve the aesthetics and
overall quality of the surrounding environment.
Preparation of Environmental Monitoring Plan for post project monitoring for
compliance of various environmental regulations.
Constitution of an Environmental Management Group within the
organization assigning specific responsibilities

Gautam Arora

Environment Clearance Procedure

Gautam Arora

Environmental Monitoring
z

Soil Monitoring: Soil samples from representative locations in the site

and study area are collected and analysed for important relevant
physical & chemical parameters
Water Quality Monitoring: Water quality monitoring are conducted at
representative locations in the study area for surface and ground
water. Samples are to be collected and analysed for important
relevant physical, chemical and bacteriological parameters.
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring: Ambient air quality in respect of SPM,
RPM, SO2, NOx, and CO, are monitored at representative locations in
the site and study area
Noise Monitoring: Ambient noise level monitoring are carried out at
representative locations in the site and study area.

Gautam Arora

Cont
z

Tree Counting: Survey is conducted to assess existing trees in the

project site in respect of numbers, species and girth size.
Traffic Survey: Traffic survey for continuous 24 hours has to be
carried out to measure number and type of vehicles passing on the
existing main roads giving access to the project.

Gautam Arora

CONSTRUCTION QUALITY
MANAGEMENT

Gautam Arora

The Multipliers
Quality Assurance

Quality Control

Review & Analysis

Quality Audit Plan

Project Quality
life-cycle
Management

Data Collection
& Reporting

Quality Management
Team

Inspection & Test

Plan
Gautam Arora

What to Manage
z

Project Quality Management

includes the processes required to ensure that the project will

satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken.

It includes all activities of the overall management function that

determine the quality policy, objectives, and responsibilities and
implements them by means such as quality planning, quality
control, quality assurance, and quality improvement, within the
quality system.

Quality is the totality of characteristics of an entity that

bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. A
critical aspect of quality management in the project
context is the necessity to turn implied needs into stated
needs through project scope management
Gautam Arora

The Multipliers - Inference

z

Quality Assurance
Standards

Quality Control

Comply BOQ, Contract

z

Quality Audit Plan: project

brief
Daily
Weekly
Monthly

Data Collection & Reporting:

Present & History

Preventive Measures
Mitigation

Benchmark
z

Inspection &Test Plan

Review & Analysis

Repetitiveness
Mitigation

Quality Management Team

Skilled, Qualified & Experienced
Gautam Arora

Scope
z

Project quality management must address both the

management of the project and the product of the
project. Failure to meet quality requirements in either
dimension can have serious negative consequences for
any or all of the project stakeholders.

For example:
z Meeting customer requirements by overworking the
project team may produce negative consequences in the
form of increased employee turnover.
z Meeting project schedule objectives by rushing planned
quality inspections may produce negative consequences
when errors go undetected.
Gautam Arora

Key Concern Areas

z

z
z

z
z

The project management team should also be aware that

modern quality management complements modern
project management. For example, both disciplines
recognize the importance of:
Customer satisfaction
Prevention over inspection the cost of avoiding
mistakes is always much less than the cost of correcting
them.
Management responsibility
Processes within Integrated phases

Gautam Arora

System / Methodology Followed:

z

Check Contractors QA/QC Plan, Laboratory Set Up / Frequency of

Tests, Check Material / Material Sources.

Introduce RFI system & Check quality for every RFI.

Identify quality problems.

Communicate Quality Issues to Contractor by way of Field

Instruction Note.

List such Non-Conformity Reports (NCR).

Visit site periodically jointly with Contractor for Compliance of NCR.

Discuss NCRs every fortnight with Contractor compliance of NCRs by

Contractor.
Gautam Arora

Quality Document Project File Maintained at Site

z

z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z
z

Material Testing Register (Cube test, slump test, cement

& steel test, Silt content, Sand Bulkage etc.)
Concrete Mix design Register
Water Cement ratio register
Material Passing Register
Stage Passing Register
Sample Approval Register
RFIs Raised by Contractor
RFIs Raised by Client
NCRs raised by Client
Payment On-Hold Certificates

Gautam Arora

Quality Assurance Engineer (QE)- Key Responsibilities

z
z
z

z
z

Report to the RE
Maintain documents as mentioned earlier
Verify and record all the quality checklists, conformance and
non-conformance of the ongoing activities
Keep a check on the specifications being followed correctly
onsite
Coordinate with BE to ensure the billing of accepted works
only
Issue conformance and non-conformance reports to the RE
Assist RE in resolving quality issues, and device methods to
achieve quality standards
Organize joint inspection to facilitate faster resolution of
quality issues
He shall perform all activities as listed under Material
inspection & Test Plan and Works Inspection & Test Plan.
Gautam Arora

Tools : Non-Conformance Notice

CONTRACT NO:

CONSULTANT PROJECT NUMBER:

PROJECT:

LOCATION:

CONTRACTOR:

PACKAGE:

PROJECT ENGINEER:

REPORT DATE/TIME:

TO:

DATE:

The following item(s) is/are in non-compliance with the Contract Documents. Corrective action is to be taken
immediately. If applicable, until the corrective action is completed, no monies may be paid for the item(s) and the cost
of all corrective action shall be borne by the Contractor.
Contractor corrective action applicable: YES
Spec. Ref.:

NO

Drawing Ref.:

Description:
Consultant PM Suggestion:
1. Remove & Replace till it conforms with specs:
2. Rework or Repair till it conforms with specs:
3. Accept as-is:

Consultant Project Manager

CONTRACTORS CORRECTIVE ACTION PROPOSAL:

Date:
Contractors Project Manager
CONSULTANT ACCEPTANCE FOR ACTION 2 OR 3 ABOVE:
I agree/ disagree/ need additional back up data, with Contractors corrective action proposal as detailed above.
Date: _____________________________

_________________________________
Architect/ Consultant

OWNER ACCEPTANCE FOR ACTION 3 ABOVE:

I agree/ disagree/ need additional back up data, with Contractors corrective action proposal as detailed above.
Date: _____________________________

_________________________________

Client/ Owner
CORRECTIVE ACTION COMPLIANCE
The Contractor has complied with corrective action proposal. The remedial work has been reviewed and accepted for
payment.
Date:
Consultant Project Manager

Gautam Arora

Non Conformance Report (NCR)

Followings are the conditions but not limited to for issuance of NCR

Non conformance to the Scheduled Progress in terms of

quantity and quality.
Non conformance to the Measurements mentioned in
tender, accepted drawings or mutually agreed drawings,
details & authenticated by Clients PM
Non conformance to Specifications mentioned in the
contract document or mutually agreed & authenticated by
Clients PM
Non conformance to acceptance criteria of material test
and inspection
Non conformance to acceptance criteria of completed
works.

Gautam Arora

Cont.
Non conformance to the instruction issued to contractor by

RE and or authorized by Clients PM

Non conformance to any Contract clauses, IS code

provisions, ISI standards, safety norms, method
statements, labour laws, and or any laws, standards of

practice in construction process

Non compliance to the NCR previously issued

Inadequate measures towards corrective actions as
suggested by QE, RE or Clients PM

Gautam Arora

RFIs
Request for Information Form
Project Code

Contractor Name

Location / Site

Building Block

Drawing / Reference

Issued to: .. .
Information Required
Dead Line: ..

Issued BY:

Acknowledgment of receipt

Name

Sign / Name :
Date
:

Response
Attachment / Response :

Signature:

Name

Designation:

Gautam Arora

Quality Improvement
Key Components to raise the level of Quality
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

9.
10.

motivate
train
orient
provide a safe
clean
stimulating and satisfying work environment
provide a two way communication
encourage employee participation in planning, problem
solving
decision making
provide recognition
Gautam Arora

PROJECT COST MANAGEMENT

Gautam Arora

Project Cost control Components

Site Operative Labour

Equipment

Contractors Costs

Head Office and other premises

Materials Subcontractors

Capital Provision

Plant

Line Management

Overheads

Head Office Services to Site

Supplementary departments

Gautam Arora

Scope
z

Project Cost Management includes the processes required to

ensure that the project is completed within the approved
budget.

It consists of:
z

Resource Planning determining what resources (people,

equipment, materials) and what quantities of each should be
used to perform project activities.
Cost Estimating developing an approximation (estimate) of
the costs of the resources needed to complete project
activities.
Cost Budgeting allocating the overall cost estimate to
individual work items.
Cost Control controlling changes to the project budget.
Gautam Arora

Way Forward

Project cost management is primarily concerned with the cost

of the resources needed to complete project activities.
However, project cost management should also consider the
effect of project decisions on the cost of using the project
product.

For example, limiting the number of design reviews may

reduce the cost of the project at the expense of an increase
in the customers operating costs. This broader view of
project cost management is often called life-cycle costing.

Gautam Arora

Cont

Project cost management should consider the information needs of

the project stakeholdersdifferent stakeholders may measure
project costs in different ways and at different times. For example,
the cost of a procurement item may be measured when committed,
ordered, delivered, incurred, or recorded for accounting purposes.
When project costs are used as a component of a reward and
recognition system, controllable and uncontrollable costs should be
estimated and budgeted separately to ensure that rewards reflect
actual performance.
On some projects, especially smaller ones, resource planning, cost
estimating, and cost budgeting are so tightly linked that they are
viewed as a single process (e.g., they may be performed by a single
individual over a relatively short period of time)..

Gautam Arora

Thank you

Gautam Arora