RudderSizingforPlaningandSemiPlaningCraft
Introduction
Therudderonmanyhighspeedcraftisdesignedorsizedbasedontheprojectedunderwaterprofile
areaofthehullatrest.Therudderissizedbasedonapercentageoftheprojectedareafrom2.5to5
percentbasedmainlyontheexperienceandpastdesignsoftheparticularnavalarchitectorboat
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solvingorimprovingthehandlingcharacteristicsofmanyhighspeedcraft.
Theanalysishasshownthatarudderneedstobesizedtoheeltheboatfivedegreesatatendegree
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ruddertoheeltheboatintotheturnwillensurethattherudderiseffectiveinafollowingseaandisable
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seaoffthequarter,[Link]
notlargeenoughtooffsetthischangeinheading,theautopilotwilloversteercausingtheboattomake
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steertheboatmanuallywhichbecomesafatiqueandenduranceissueforthecreworowner.
Figure(1):RudderLayout
Thespreadsheetdefinestheprofileoftherudderbasedonasimilarlayouttofigure(1).The
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assumedtobe25%[Link]
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sportfishermanthesteeringsystemshouldsizedfortwothirdsorthreequartersofthespeedahead.
Oncetherudderhasbeensizedproperly,thewideopenspeedofthevesselcanbeusedtosizethe
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maximumangleofattackassumedfortherudderistendegreesataspeedover20knotssincethe
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yieldstressforthewideopenspeedconditionatatendegreeangleofattack.
RUDDER DATA
CUSTOMER:
VESSEL:
SABRE YACHTS
DATE:
BACKCOVE 41: PROPOSED RUDDER
BASIC DIMENSIONS
Vk=
11.56
13-Nov-13
KNOTS
SLIP=
1.25
HEIGHTS:
LEAD=
34.000
TRAIL=
34.000
AVE HGT
34.000
inches
STOCK=
2.500
CHORDS
ROOT=
21.000
TIP=
13.100
AVE C =
17.050
inches
AREA=
4.026
LE: - d =
5.500
LE - d =
3.310
TAPER=
0.624
Cm=
0.210
THICKNESS
0.150
4.500
0.100
1.310
SWEEP ANGLE=
0.362
ASPECT RATIO=
3.988
STOCK
LIFT SLOPE=
0.063
0.067
Cdc=
0.522
inches
ft2
BEARING SPACING=
12.00
AHEAD CONDITION AT FULL SPEED
ANGLE
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Cl
0.3152
0.6324
0.9517
1.2729
1.5961
1.9213
2.2485
Cd
0.0153
0.0420
0.0869
0.1503
0.2325
0.3340
0.4551
Cn
0.3154
0.6301
0.9417
1.2475
1.5448
1.8309
2.1029
Cm
0.0020
0.0005
-0.0020
-0.0054
-0.0099
-0.0154
-0.0219
CPc
4.37
4.28
4.23
4.19
4.15
4.12
4.08
CPs
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
LIFT
752
1 509
2 271
3 038
3 809
4 585
5 366
DRAG
37
100
207
359
555
797
1 086
FORCE
753
1 513
2 281
3 059
3 849
4 654
5 475
TORQUE FRICTION MOMENT
-2
45
906
-16
90
1 819
-34
136
2 742
-55
183
3 678
-81
230
4 629
-111
278
5 596
-146
327
6 583
Cm
0.0020
0.0005
-0.0020
-0.0054
-0.0099
-0.0154
-0.0219
CPc
4.15
4.25
4.30
4.34
4.37
4.41
4.44
CPs
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
LIFT
120
241
363
486
609
734
859
DRAG
6
16
33
57
89
128
174
FORCE
121
242
365
489
616
745
876
TORQUE FRICTION MOMENT
85
7
145
169
14
291
254
22
439
339
29
589
425
37
741
511
44
895
599
52
1 053
ASTERN CONDITION AT 1/2 SPEED
ANGLE
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Cl
0.3152
0.6324
0.9517
1.2729
1.5961
1.9213
2.2485
Cd
0.0153
0.0420
0.0869
0.1503
0.2325
0.3340
0.4551
Cn
0.3154
0.6301
0.9417
1.2475
1.5448
1.8309
2.1029
RUDDER MOMENTS AND STRESS
RUDDER FORCES
TORQUE=
-193.64
RUDDER STRESS
SHEAR STRESS =
VON MISES =
IN-LBS
BENDING MOMENT =
21827.44 IN-LBS
-63
PSI
BENDING STRESS =
14229
PSI
14230
PSI
(MAXIMUM ANGLE OF ATTACK IS 10 DEGREES)
MINIMUM RUDDER SIZE
LWL=
38.4
FT
VCG=
4
FT ABL
14235
HEELING MOMENT =
NO. OF RUDDERS =
2
DEADRISE ANGLE =
18.5
BEAM=
11.90
KMt=
9.83
FT-LBF
DRAFT =
3.25
DEG
BMt=
FT (WL)
FT-ABL
DISPLACEMENT=
SPEED =
LIFT REQ'D=
FT ABL RUDDER LVR =
7.78
VCB=
2.05
28000
11.56
2034
3.5
FT ABL
LBF
KNOTS
LBF
FT
DESIGN CRITERIA
RUDDER SIZING IS BASED ON THE REQUIREMENT THAT THE RUDDERS WILL CAUSE THE BOAT TO HEEL
FIVE DEGREE INTO A TURN WHEN THE HELM IS AT 15 DEGREES AND THE VESSEL HAS A SPEED OF 1.25
TIMES THE VOLUMETRIC FROUDE NUMBER.
STOCK DIAMETER IS BASED ON MAXIMUM SPEED AND THE STRESS LEVEL IS LESS THAN 0.8 YIELD
USING THE COMBINED BENDING AND TORSIONAL STRESSES
RUDDER DATA
CUSTOMER:
VESSEL:
DATE:
14-Nov-13
41 FT SINGLE: PROPOSED RUDDER
BASIC DIMENSIONS
Vk=
30
KNOTS
SLIP=
1.10
HEIGHTS:
LEAD=
34.000
TRAIL=
34.000
AVE HGT
34.000
inches
STOCK=
2.500
CHORDS
ROOT=
21.000
TIP=
13.100
AVE C =
17.050
inches
AREA=
4.026
LE: - d =
5.500
LE - d =
3.310
TAPER=
0.624
Cm=
0.210
THICKNESS
0.150
4.500
0.100
1.310
SWEEP ANGLE=
0.362
ASPECT RATIO=
3.988
STOCK
LIFT SLOPE=
0.063
0.067
Cdc=
0.522
inches
ft2
BEARING SPACING=
12.00
AHEAD CONDITION AT FULL SPEED
ANGLE
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Cl
0.3152
0.6324
0.9517
1.2729
1.5961
1.9213
2.2485
Cd
0.0153
0.0420
0.0869
0.1503
0.2325
0.3340
0.4551
Cn
0.3154
0.6301
0.9417
1.2475
1.5448
1.8309
2.1029
Cm
0.0020
0.0005
-0.0020
-0.0054
-0.0099
-0.0154
-0.0219
CPc
4.37
4.28
4.23
4.19
4.15
4.12
4.08
CPs
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
LIFT
3 924
7 872
11 845
15 843
19 866
23 914
27 986
DRAG
191
523
1 081
1 870
2 894
4 157
5 664
FORCE
3 928
7 889
11 894
15 953
20 076
24 273
28 554
TORQUE FRICTION MOMENT
-11
235
4 724
-84
471
9 487
-176
710
14 303
-288
953
19 183
-422
1 199
24 141
-579
1 449
29 187
-762
1 705
34 335
Cm
0.0020
0.0005
-0.0020
-0.0054
-0.0099
-0.0154
-0.0219
CPc
4.15
4.25
4.30
4.34
4.37
4.41
4.44
CPs
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
14.43
LIFT
811
1 626
2 447
3 273
4 105
4 941
5 782
DRAG
39
108
223
386
598
859
1 170
FORCE
812
1 630
2 458
3 296
4 148
5 015
5 900
TORQUE FRICTION MOMENT
574
48
976
1 141
97
1 960
1 709
147
2 955
2 282
197
3 963
2 860
248
4 988
3 443
299
6 030
4 034
352
7 094
ASTERN CONDITION AT 1/2 SPEED
ANGLE
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Cl
0.3152
0.6324
0.9517
1.2729
1.5961
1.9213
2.2485
Cd
0.0153
0.0420
0.0869
0.1503
0.2325
0.3340
0.4551
Cn
0.3154
0.6301
0.9417
1.2475
1.5448
1.8309
2.1029
RUDDER MOMENTS AND STRESS
RUDDER FORCES
TORQUE= -1009.92 IN-LBS
BENDING MOMENT =
RUDDER STRESS
SHEAR STRESS =
-329
PSI
BENDING STRESS =
74215
PSI
(MAXIMUM ANGLE OF ATTACK IS 10 DEGREES)
VON MISES =
113840.03 IN-LBS
74212
PSI
MINIMUM RUDDER SIZE
LWL=
38.4
FT
VCG=
4
FT ABL
14235
HEELING MOMENT =
NO. OF RUDDERS =
2
DEADRISE ANGLE =
18.5
BEAM=
11.90
KMt=
9.83
FT-LBF
DRAFT =
3.25
DEG
BMt=
FT (WL)
FT-ABL
DISPLACEMENT=
SPEED =
LIFT REQ'D=
FT ABL RUDDER LVR =
7.78
VCB=
2.05
28000
11.56
2034
3.5
FT ABL
LBF
KNOTS
LBF
FT
DESIGN CRITERIA
RUDDER SIZING IS BASED ON THE REQUIREMENT THAT THE RUDDERS WILL CAUSE THE BOAT TO HEEL
FIVE DEGREE INTO A TURN WHEN THE HELM IS AT 15 DEGREES AND THE VESSEL HAS A SPEED OF 1.25
TIMES THE VOLUMETRIC FROUDE NUMBER.
STOCK DIAMETER IS BASED ON MAXIMUM SPEED AND THE STRESS LEVEL IS LESS THAN 0.8 YIELD
USING THE COMBINED BENDING AND TORSIONAL STRESSES
