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Max Speed of Sphere: 0.0435 m/s

1) The maximum speed of a small sphere moving through air is calculated using given data on sphere properties, air properties, and the drag force equation. The maximum speed is found to be 0.0435 m/s. 2) The equation of motion is integrated to find an expression for speed as a function of time. 3) Using the integrated equation and given data, the time taken to reach 95% of maximum speed is calculated to be 0.0133 seconds. A plot of speed versus time is also produced.

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104 views2 pages

Max Speed of Sphere: 0.0435 m/s

1) The maximum speed of a small sphere moving through air is calculated using given data on sphere properties, air properties, and the drag force equation. The maximum speed is found to be 0.0435 m/s. 2) The equation of motion is integrated to find an expression for speed as a function of time. 3) Using the integrated equation and given data, the time taken to reach 95% of maximum speed is calculated to be 0.0133 seconds. A plot of speed versus time is also produced.

Uploaded by

lbro7291
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Problem 1.

11

[Difficulty: 3]

Given: Find: Solution:

Data on sphere and formula for drag. Maximum speed, time to reach 95% of this speed, and plot speed as a function of time. Use given data and data in Appendices, and integrate equation of motion by separating variables.

The data provided, or available in the Appendices, are: kg air = 1.17 3 m


5 N s

= 1.8 10

kg w = 999 3 m Sty = SGSty w


3

SG Sty = 0.016 kg m
3

d = 0.3 mm

Then the density of the sphere is

Sty = 16
3

The sphere mass is

d kg ( 0.0003 m) M = Sty = 16 3 6 6 m

M = 2.26 10

10

kg

Newton's 2nd law for the steady state motion becomes (ignoring buoyancy effects) so M g 1 m m 1 10 Vmax = = 2.26 10 kg 9.81 2 5 3 0.0003 m 3 d s 1.8 10 N s
2

M g = 3 V d

m Vmax = 0.0435 s

Newton's 2nd law for the general motion is (ignoring buoyancy effects) dV g 3 d M V
3 d t M g M 1 e

dV dt

= M g 3 V d

so

= dt

FD = 3Vd

Integrating and using limits

V( t) =

a = dV/dt Mg

3 d

Using the given data

0.05 0.04

V (m/s)

0.03 0.02 0.01 0 0.01 0.02

t (s)

The time to reach 95% of maximum speed is obtained from

3 d t M g M 1 e = 0.95 Vmax 3 d

so

t=

M 3 d

ln 1

0.95 Vmax 3 d M g

Substituting values

t = 0.0133 s

The plot can also be done in Excel.

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