The document discusses finite element analysis concepts including:
1) Line elements are connected at nodes to form structures and have properties like cross-sectional area and moment of inertia. 2D planar elements are thin plates defined by two coordinates and connected at nodes or edges.
2) 2D elements are important for plane stress and plane strain analysis of problems like plates or underground structures.
3) The review covers developing the stiffness matrix for a basic 2D triangular element using the principle of minimum potential energy. Displacement functions and stress-strain relationships are defined.