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Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Overview

Retroperitoneal sarcoma is a rare tumor accounting for 1% of adult malignancies. The most common subtypes are liposarcoma, leomyosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Most patients present with abdominal pain, and many tumors are large (>10 cm) due to a lack of symptoms, leading to delays in diagnosis. Evaluation involves CT or MRI scans and biopsy if the tumor is not resectable. Surgical resection offers the best chance of survival, while chemotherapy and radiation have not been proven to provide benefits. Prognosis depends on resectability and histologic grade, with decreased survival associated with unresectable or poorly differentiated tumors.

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Louis Fortunato
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198 views2 pages

Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Overview

Retroperitoneal sarcoma is a rare tumor accounting for 1% of adult malignancies. The most common subtypes are liposarcoma, leomyosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Most patients present with abdominal pain, and many tumors are large (>10 cm) due to a lack of symptoms, leading to delays in diagnosis. Evaluation involves CT or MRI scans and biopsy if the tumor is not resectable. Surgical resection offers the best chance of survival, while chemotherapy and radiation have not been proven to provide benefits. Prognosis depends on resectability and histologic grade, with decreased survival associated with unresectable or poorly differentiated tumors.

Uploaded by

Louis Fortunato
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

RETROPERITONEAL SARCOMA

A.

Incidence 1. Rare tumors: 1 % of adult malignancies with no identifiable etiologic agent 2. Usually no family history 3. Extremity sarcomas are more common than retroperitoneal sarcomas Pathology 1. Several classification of sarcomas a. Liposarcoma (40%) b. Leomyosarcoma (25%) c. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (6%) 2. Hisologic grade is the best indicator of biologic behavior Histologic Grade 1. Typically graded from 1 to 3 2. Sometimes just classified as differentiated or dedifferentiated 3. Criteria a. Degress of differentiation b. Mitotic index c. Amount of spontaneous necrosis Patient Presentation 1. 80 % present with abdominal pain 2. 35-40% present with pain of vague neurologic symptoms 3. Paucity of symptoms leads to a delay in diagnosis 4. Majority present with tumors > 10 cm 5. Poor prognosis related to the delay in diagnosis Patient Evaluation 1. CT scan or MRI 2. Biopsy not necessary if resectable 3. FNA: not sufficient for biopsy 4. Core biopsy for more accurate diagnosis 5. Tissue diagnosis can guide further therapy Adjuvant Radiotherapy 1. RT benefical for extremity sarcomas 2. Debated for retroperitoneal sarcoma a. Area too large b. Poor tolerance of surrounding organs 3. Still under investigation

B.

C.

D.

E.

F.

302

G.

Chemotherapy 1. Overall disappointing response 2. No survival benefit shown to date 3. Some studies show decreased survival with those receiving adjuvant chemotherapy 4. More clinical trials needed Postoperative follow-up 1. Physician evaluation a. every 3 months / 2 yrs b. every 6 months / 3 yrs c. yearly thereafter 2. CT scan or MRI a. every 6 months / 3 yrs b. yearly thereafter Conclusions 1. Rare tumors 2. Surgical resection best chance of survival 3. Decreased survival associated with resectability and histologic grade 4. Chemotherapy and radiation inconclusive

H.

I.

Michael Addis, MD

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