{"id":680,"date":"2020-10-20T01:26:45","date_gmt":"2020-10-20T01:26:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pythontutorial.net\/?page_id=680"},"modified":"2025-03-30T09:33:12","modified_gmt":"2025-03-30T09:33:12","slug":"python-pip","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pythontutorial.net\/python-basics\/python-pip\/","title":{"rendered":"Python pip"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you’ll learn about Python pip and how to use it to manage third-party packages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introduction to Python package index (PyPI) #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Python has a rich standard library that you can use immediately in your project. In case you need a package that isn’t available in the standard library, you can find it on the Python Package Index<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Python Package Index (PyPI) is the largest Python repository. It contains many Python packages developed and maintained by the Python community.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To find a package, you can use the search box. For example, to search packages that deal with HTTP requests, you can simply use the requests<\/code> keyword.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The search results will show many packages. To find detailed information about each package, you can click the corresponding link.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let’s examine the requests package<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Package version #<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Python packages use semantic versioning which consists of three-part version numbers: major version, minor version, and patch:<\/p>\n\n\n

major<\/span>.minor<\/span>.patch<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> CSS<\/span> (<\/span>css<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The patch number is incremented for minor changes and bug fixes that don’t change the way the package works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The minor version is also incremented for releases that add new features that are backward-compatible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The major version is incremented for the changes which are not backward compatible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
For example, the requests<\/code> package has version 2.24.0 (at the time of this writing). It has the major version is 2, the minor version is 24, and the patch is zero.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you use the version requests<\/code> version 2.24.0 in your project, you can upgrade it to any version that has the major version 2, for example, 2.25.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you install a package with a higher major version e.g., 3.0.0, your application may not work correctly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
What is pip #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
To download the package, you use the command described in the module:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip install requests<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
But what is pip? <\/p>\n\n\n\n
pip is the package installer for Python. Pip allows you to install packages from PyPI and other repositories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Python comes with pip<\/code> by default. To check if pip<\/code> is available on your computer, you can open the Command Prompt (or Powershell) on Windows and type the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip --version<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
It’ll show something like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip<\/span> 25.0<\/span>.1<\/span> from<\/span> C<\/span>:\\python<\/span>\\Lib<\/span>\\site-packages<\/span>\\pip<\/span> (python<\/span> 3.13<\/span>)<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> CSS<\/span> (<\/span>css<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
…where 25.0.1 is the version and C:\\python\\Lib\\site-packages\\pip<\/code> is the location of pip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If you use macOS or Linux, you can launch the terminal and use the pip3<\/code> instead of pip<\/code> :<\/p>\n\n\n
pip3 --version<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
Install a package #<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
To install a package from PyPI, you use the following command on Windows:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip install <package_name<\/span>><\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> HTML, XML<\/span> (<\/span>xml<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
And change pip<\/code> to pip3<\/code> on macOS and Linux:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip3 install <package_name<\/span>><\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> HTML, XML<\/span> (<\/span>xml<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
For example, the following command installs the requests<\/code> package:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip install requests<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
From now on, you can use the requests<\/code> package in any project. For example, you can create a new project called pip-demo<\/code> and use the requests<\/code> package. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
The following code uses the requests<\/code> package to make an HTTP request to the https:\/\/pypi.org\/<\/code> and displays the HTTP status code:<\/p>\n\n\n
import<\/span> requests\n\nresponse = requests.get('https:\/\/pypi.org\/'<\/span>)\nprint(response.status_code)<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Python<\/span> (<\/span>python<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
200<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
To install a package with a specific version, you use the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip install <package_name<\/span>><\/span>==<version<\/span>><\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> HTML, XML<\/span> (<\/span>xml<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The following command installs the requests<\/code> package version 2.20.1:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip install requests==2.20.1<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
List installed packages #<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
To list all installed packages, you use the following pip<\/code> command:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip list<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
It’ll return a list of packages installed on your computer like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
Package<\/span>                                  Version<\/span>\n----------------------------------------<\/span> -----------<\/span>\naiohappyeyeballs<\/span>                         2.6<\/span>.1<\/span>\naiohttp<\/span>                                  3.11<\/span>.14<\/span>\naiosignal<\/span>                                1.3<\/span>.2<\/span>\naltgraph<\/span>                                 0.17<\/span>.4<\/span>\nannotated-types<\/span>                          0.7<\/span>.0<\/span>\n...<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> CSS<\/span> (<\/span>css<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
To check what packages are outdated, you use the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip list<\/span> --outdated<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
Package<\/span>    Version<\/span> Latest<\/span> Type<\/span>\n----------<\/span> -------<\/span> ------<\/span> -----<\/span>\nsetuptools<\/span> 47.1<\/span>.0<\/span>  50.3<\/span>.2<\/span> wheel<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> CSS<\/span> (<\/span>css<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
It shows the package name, the installed version, and the latest version.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Uninstall a package #<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
To uninstall a package, you use the pip uninstall<\/code> command:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip uninstall <package_name<\/span>><\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> HTML, XML<\/span> (<\/span>xml<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
It’ll prompt you for a confirmation like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
Proceed (y\/n)?<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
If you type y<\/code>, pip is going to uninstall the package. Otherwise, it won’t do so.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
List dependencies of a package #<\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n
When you install a package and if that package uses other packages, pip will install the package and its dependency, and also a dependency of dependencies, and so on.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
To show the dependencies of a package, you use the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip show <package_name<\/span>><\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> HTML, XML<\/span> (<\/span>xml<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The following command shows the dependencies of the requests package:<\/p>\n\n\n
pip show requests<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
Name<\/span>: requests\nVersion<\/span>: 2.32.3\nSummary<\/span>: Python HTTP for Humans.\nHome-page<\/span>: https:\/\/requests.readthedocs.io\nAuthor<\/span>: Kenneth Reitz\nAuthor-email<\/span>: me@kennethreitz.org\nLicense<\/span>: Apache-2.0\nLocation<\/span>: C:\\python\\Lib\\site-packages\nRequires<\/span>: certifi, charset-normalizer, idna, urllib3\nRequired-by<\/span>: huggingface-hub, kubernetes, langchain, langchain-community, langsmith, posthog, requests-oauthlib, requests-toolbelt, transformers<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> HTTP<\/span> (<\/span>http<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The Requires<\/code> line lists out the packages used by the requests packages.<\/p>\n\n\n
Requires<\/span>: certifi, charset-normalizer, idna, urllib3<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> HTTP<\/span> (<\/span>http<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Summary #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n