{"id":6386,"date":"2023-01-12T03:47:20","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T03:47:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pythontutorial.net\/?page_id=6386"},"modified":"2023-01-12T06:54:22","modified_gmt":"2023-01-12T06:54:22","slug":"django-range","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pythontutorial.net\/django-tutorial\/django-range\/","title":{"rendered":"Django range"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you’ll learn how to use the Django range to check if a value is between two values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A quick introduction to SQL BETWEEN operator #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In SQL, you use the BETWEEN<\/code> operator to check if a value is between two values:<\/p>\n\n\n

field_name BETWEEN low_value AND high_value<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Python<\/span> (<\/span>python<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
It’s equivalent to the following:<\/p>\n\n\n
field_name >= low_value AND field_name <= high_value<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Python<\/span> (<\/span>python<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The BETWEEN<\/code> operator returns true if the field_name<\/code> is between low_value<\/code> and high_value<\/code>. Otherwise, it returns False.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Using Django range with numbers #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Django’s equivalent of the BETWEEN<\/code> operator is range:<\/p>\n\n\n
Entity.objects.filter(field_name__range=(low_value,high_value))<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Python<\/span> (<\/span>python<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
For example, you can find employees whose id is between 1 and 5 using the range like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
>>> <\/span>Employee.objects.filter(id__range=(1<\/span>,5<\/span>))<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Python<\/span> (<\/span>python<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Behind the scenes, Django executes the following query:<\/p>\n\n\n
SELECT<\/span> \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"id\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"first_name\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"last_name\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"contact_id\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"department_id\"<\/span>\n  FROM<\/span> \"hr_employee\"<\/span>\n WHERE<\/span> \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"id\"<\/span> BETWEEN<\/span> 1<\/span> AND<\/span> 5<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> (<\/span>sql<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Using Django range with dates #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Besides numbers and strings, the range also works with dates. For example, the following return all job assignments starting from January 1, 2020<\/code>, to March 31, 2020<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n
>>> Assignment.objects.filter(begin_date__range=(start_date,end_date))      \nSELECT<\/span> \"hr_assignment\"<\/span>.\"id\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_assignment\"<\/span>.\"employee_id\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_assignment\"<\/span>.\"job_id\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_assignment\"<\/span>.\"begin_date\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_assignment\"<\/span>.\"end_date\"<\/span>\n  FROM<\/span> \"hr_assignment\"<\/span>\n WHERE<\/span> \"hr_assignment\"<\/span>.\"begin_date\"<\/span> BETWEEN<\/span> '2020-01-01'<\/span>::date<\/span> AND<\/span> '2020-03-31'<\/span>::date<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> (<\/span>sql<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
NOT BETWEEN #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The NOT operator negates the BETWEEN operator: <\/p>\n\n\n
field_name NOT BETWEEN (low_value, high_value)<\/code><\/span><\/pre>\n\n\n
In other words, the NOT BETWEEN returns true if a value is not in a range of values. It is equivalent to the following:<\/p>\n\n\n
field_name < low_value OR field_value > high_value<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Python<\/span> (<\/span>python<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
In Django, you can use the Q object with the range to check if a value is not in a range:<\/p>\n\n\n
Entity.objects.filter(~Q(field_name__range=(low_value,high_value)))<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> Python<\/span> (<\/span>python<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
For example, you can find employees with the id are not in the range (1,5):<\/p>\n\n\n
>>> Employee.objects.filter(~Q(id__range=(1,5)))\nSELECT<\/span> \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"id\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"first_name\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"last_name\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"contact_id\"<\/span>,\n       \"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"department_id\"<\/span>\n  FROM<\/span> \"hr_employee\"<\/span>\n WHERE<\/span> NOT<\/span> (\"hr_employee\"<\/span>.\"id\"<\/span> BETWEEN<\/span> 1<\/span> AND<\/span> 5<\/span>)<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> (<\/span>sql<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Summary #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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  • Use the Django range<\/code> to check if a value is in a range of values.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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