{"id":2469,"date":"2021-08-29T09:15:56","date_gmt":"2021-08-29T09:15:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phptutorial.net\/?page_id=2469"},"modified":"2025-04-06T04:50:46","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T04:50:46","slug":"php-array-destructuring","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.phptutorial.net\/php-tutorial\/php-array-destructuring\/","title":{"rendered":"PHP Array Destructuring"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you’ll learn how to use PHP array destructuring to assign elements of an array to multiple variables.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introduction to the PHP array destructuring #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Suppose that you have an array<\/a> returned by a function parse_url()<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n

<?php<\/span>\n\n$urls = parse_url('https:\/\/phptutorial.net\/'<\/span>);\nvar_dump($urls);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
array<\/span>(3<\/span>) {\n    [\"scheme\"<\/span>]=>  string(5<\/span>) \"https\"<\/span>\n    [\"host\"<\/span>]=> string(19<\/span>) \"www.phptutorial.net\"<\/span>\n    [\"path\"<\/span>]=> string(1<\/span>) \"\/\"<\/span>\n}<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
<?php<\/span>\n\nlist<\/span>('scheme'<\/span> => $scheme,\n    'host'<\/span> => $host,\n    'path'<\/span>=>$path\n) = parse_url('https:\/\/phptutorial.net\/'<\/span>);\n\nvar_dump($scheme, $host, $path);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
string(5<\/span>) \"https\"<\/span>\nstring(19<\/span>) \"www.phptutorial.net\"<\/span>\nstring(1<\/span>) \"\/\"<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
PHP 7.1 introduced a new way of unpacking the array’s elements into variables. It’s called array destructuring:<\/p>\n\n\n
<?php<\/span>\n\n[\n    'scheme'<\/span> => $scheme,\n    'host'<\/span> => $host,\n    'path'<\/span>=>$path\n] = parse_url('https:\/\/phptutorial.net\/'<\/span>);\n\nvar_dump($scheme, $host, $path);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
string(5<\/span>) \"https\"<\/span>\nstring(19<\/span>) \"www.phptutorial.net\"<\/span>\nstring(1<\/span>) \"\/\"<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
<?php<\/span>\n\n$person = ['John'<\/span>,'Doe'<\/span>];\n[$first_name, $last_name] = $person;\n\nvar_dump($first_name, $last_name);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
string(4<\/span>) \"John\"<\/span>\nstring(3<\/span>) \"Doe\"<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Skipping elements #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The array destructuring syntax also allows you to skip any elements. For example, the following skips the second element of the array:<\/p>\n\n\n
<?php<\/span>\n\n$person = ['John'<\/span>,'Doe'<\/span>, 24<\/span>];\n[$first_name, , $age] = $person;\n\nvar_dump($first_name, $age);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
string(4<\/span>) \"John\"<\/span>\nint(24<\/span>)<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Swapping variables #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
To swap the values of two variables, you often use a temporary variable like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
<?php<\/span>\n\n$x = 10<\/span>;\n$y = 20<\/span>;\n\n\/\/ swap variables<\/span>\n$tmp = $x;\n$x = $y;\n$y = $tmp;\n\nvar_dump($x, $y);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Now, you can use the array destructuring syntax to make the code shorter:<\/p>\n\n\n
<?php<\/span>\n\n$x = 10<\/span>;\n$y = 20<\/span>;\n\n\/\/ swap variables<\/span>\n[$x, $y] = [$y, $x];\n\nvar_dump($x, $y);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Parsing an array returned from a function #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Many functions in PHP return an array. The array destructuring allows you to parse an array returned from a function. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n
<?php<\/span>\n\n[\n    'dirname'<\/span> => $dirname,\n    'basename'<\/span> => $basename\n] = pathinfo('c:\\temp\\readme.txt'<\/span>);\n\n\nvar_dump($dirname, $basename);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Output:<\/p>\n\n\n
string(7<\/span>) \"c:\\temp\"<\/span>\nstring(10<\/span>) \"readme.txt\"<\/span><\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> PHP<\/span> (<\/span>php<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Summary #<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • Use the PHP array destructuring to unpack elements of an array to variables.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \n\t
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    Did you find this tutorial useful?<\/div>\n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t Yes <\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t No <\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n\n\t
    \n\t\t
    \n\t\t\t
    <\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t
Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Like the list()<\/code>, the array destructuring works with both indexed and associative arrays<\/a>. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n
Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
To assign the elements of the array to multiple variables, you can use the list()<\/a><\/code> construct like this:<\/p>\n\n\n
Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n