{"id":94,"date":"2024-11-19T08:25:23","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T01:25:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/?page_id=94"},"modified":"2025-01-22T09:43:35","modified_gmt":"2025-01-22T02:43:35","slug":"postgresql-insert","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-insert\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL INSERT: Inserting Data into a Table"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the PostgreSQL <code>INSERT<\/code> statement to insert one or more rows into a table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='introduction-to-postgresql-insert-statement'>Introduction to PostgreSQL INSERT statement <a href=\"#introduction-to-postgresql-insert-statement\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"introduction-to-postgresql-insert-statement\" title=\"Anchor for Introduction to PostgreSQL INSERT statement\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>After <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-create-table\/\">creating a table<\/a>, you can insert one or more rows into it. You use the PostgreSQL <code>INSERT<\/code> statement to insert a new row into a table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here&#8217;s the basic syntax of the <code>INSERT<\/code> statement:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">table_name<\/span>(column1, column2, ...)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>(value1, value2, ...);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>INSERT<\/code> <code>INTO<\/code> are the keywords instructing PostgreSQL to insert a new row into a table.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>table_name<\/code> is the name of the table you want to add data.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>After the table name, specify a comma-separated list of columns within the parentheses ().<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>VALUES<\/code> is a keyword telling PostgreSQL about the data you want to add to the table.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>After the <code>VALUES<\/code> keyword, specify a comma-separated list of values corresponding to the columns within a set of parentheses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The semicolon (;) at the end of the statement is optional. It can be helpful when you have two statements and want to separate them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='inserting-one-row-into-a-table-example'>Inserting one row into a table example <a href=\"#inserting-one-row-into-a-table-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"inserting-one-row-into-a-table-example\" title=\"Anchor for Inserting one row into a table example\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Suppose you have a table called <code>inventories<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IF<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXISTS<\/span> inventories (\n  <span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">VARCHAR<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">255<\/span>),\n  brand <span class=\"hljs-type\">VARCHAR<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">50<\/span>),\n  quantity <span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span>,\n  price <span class=\"hljs-type\">DECIMAL<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">19<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">2<\/span>)\n);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?db=blank&amp;q=Q1JFQVRFIFRBQkxFIElGIE5PVCBFWElTVFMgaW52ZW50b3JpZXMgKCBuYW1lIFZBUkNIQVIoMjU1KSwgYnJhbmQgVkFSQ0hBUig1MCksIHF1YW50aXR5IElOVCwgcHJpY2UgREVDSU1BTCgxOSwgMikgKTs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example uses the <code>INSERT<\/code> statement to insert a new row into the <code>inventories<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span>\n  inventories (<span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span>, brand, quantity, price)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>\n  (<span class=\"hljs-string\">'iPhone 14 Pro'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Apple'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">10<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">999.99<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?db=create&amp;q=https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?db=blank&amp;q=SU5TRVJUIElOVE8gaW52ZW50b3JpZXMgKG5hbWUsIGJyYW5kLCBxdWFudGl0eSwgcHJpY2UpIFZBTFVFUyAoJ2lQaG9uZSAxNCBQcm8nLCAnQXBwbGUnLCAxMCwgOTk5Ljk5KTs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that the order of columns listed after the table name does not matter. You can change the column order as you like. For example:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> inventories (brand, <span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span>, quantity, price)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>But you also need to change the order of values so that they match the columns:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-string\">'Apple'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'iPhone 14 Pro'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">10<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">999.99<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this example, we swap the order of the <code>name<\/code> and <code>brand<\/code> columns and the order of <code>'iPhone 14 Pro'<\/code> and <code>'Apple'<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='inserting-multiple-rows-into-a-table-example'>Inserting multiple rows into a table example <a href=\"#inserting-multiple-rows-into-a-table-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"inserting-multiple-rows-into-a-table-example\" title=\"Anchor for Inserting multiple rows into a table example\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>PostgreSQL allows you to insert multiple rows into a table at once using the following syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">table_name<\/span>(column1, column2, ...)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(value11, value12, ...),\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(value21, value22, ...),\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(value31, value32, ..),\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0...;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this syntax, instead of specifying one row of data in the <code>VALUES<\/code> clause, you provide multiple rows of data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, the following statement inserts two rows into the <code>inventories<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span>\n  inventories (<span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span>, brand, quantity, price)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>\n  (<span class=\"hljs-string\">'Galaxy S23 Ultra'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Samsung'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1199.99<\/span>),\n  (<span class=\"hljs-string\">'Pixel 7 Pro'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Google'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">8<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">899.99<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?db=blank&amp;q=SU5TRVJUIElOVE8gaW52ZW50b3JpZXMgKG5hbWUsIGJyYW5kLCBxdWFudGl0eSwgcHJpY2UpIFZBTFVFUyAoJ0dhbGF4eSBTMjMgVWx0cmEnLCAnU2Ftc3VuZycsIDE1LCAxMTk5Ljk5KSwgKCdQaXhlbCA3IFBybycsICdHb29nbGUnLCA4LCA4OTkuOTkpOw%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='returning-the-inserted-row'>Returning the inserted row <a href=\"#returning-the-inserted-row\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"returning-the-inserted-row\" title=\"Anchor for Returning the inserted row\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To return the inserted row, you add the <code>RETURNING<\/code> clause to the <code>INSERT<\/code> statement:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">table_name<\/span>(column1, column2, ...)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>(value1, value2, ...)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">RETURNING<\/span> *;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The asterisk (<code>*<\/code>) means returning all columns of the inserted row. To select columns to return, you can specify the column names in the <code>RETURNING<\/code> clause:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-9\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">table_name<\/span>(column1, column2, ...)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>(value1, value2, ...)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">RETURNING<\/span> column1, column2;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-9\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this example, we return the <code>column1<\/code> and <code>column2<\/code> of the inserted row.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example inserts a new row into the inventories table and returns the inserted row:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-10\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span>\n  inventories (<span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span>, brand, quantity, price)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>\n  (<span class=\"hljs-string\">'Xperia 1 IV'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Sony'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">7<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">1299.99<\/span>)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">RETURNING<\/span>\n  *;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-10\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?db=blank&amp;q=SU5TRVJUIElOVE8gaW52ZW50b3JpZXMgKG5hbWUsIGJyYW5kLCBxdWFudGl0eSwgcHJpY2UpIFZBTFVFUyAoJ1hwZXJpYSAxIElWJywgJ1NvbnknLCA3LCAxMjk5Ljk5KSBSRVRVUk5JTkcgKjs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-11\" data-shcb-language-name=\"plaintext\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"plaintext\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-plaintext\">    name     | brand | quantity |  price\n-------------+-------+----------+---------\n Xperia 1 IV | Sony  |        7 | 1299.99<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-11\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">plaintext<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">plaintext<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='summary'>Summary <a href=\"#summary\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"summary\" title=\"Anchor for Summary\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the <code>INSERT<\/code> statement to insert one or more rows into a table.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use the <code>RETURNING<\/code> clause to return inserted rows.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='quiz'>Quiz <a href=\"#quiz\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"quiz\" title=\"Anchor for Quiz\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\"\n  src=\"\/quiz\/?quiz=insert\"\n  height=\"800\"\n  width=\"600\"\n  class=\"iframe\"\n><\/iframe>\n<div class=\"helpful-block-content\" data-title=\"\">\n\t<header>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-question\">Was this tutorial helpful ?<\/div>\n\t\t<div 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