{"id":675,"date":"2024-12-05T16:23:14","date_gmt":"2024-12-05T09:23:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/?page_id=675"},"modified":"2025-01-02T20:25:24","modified_gmt":"2025-01-02T13:25:24","slug":"postgresql-view","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-view\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL View"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you&#8217;ll learn about PostgreSQL view and how to use it to simplify complex queries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='getting-started-with-the-postgresql-view'>Getting Started with the PostgreSQL View <a href=\"#getting-started-with-the-postgresql-view\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"getting-started-with-the-postgresql-view\" title=\"Anchor for Getting Started with the PostgreSQL View\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A view is a named query stored in the PostgreSQL database server. A view allows you to query data from it like a regular table but does not store the data physically. Therefore, a view is referred to as a <em>virtual table<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In PostgreSQL, you can create views that store data physically. These views are called materialized views.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='creating-a-view'>Creating a view <a href=\"#creating-a-view\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"creating-a-view\" title=\"Anchor for Creating a view\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To create a view, you start with a query that returns a result set and assign it a name.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In PostgreSQL, you use the <code>CREATE VIEW<\/code> statement to create a new view:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VIEW<\/span> view_name \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> \nquery;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>First, specify the view name after the <code>CREATE VIEW<\/code> keywords.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Second, provide a query that defines the view.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The query that defines the view is called the <em>defining query<\/em>. The tables that the defining query references are called <em>base tables<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement creates a view called <code>product_view<\/code> based on a query that selects data from the <code>products<\/code> and <code>categories<\/code> tables:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VIEW<\/span> product_view \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  product_id,\n  product_name,\n  price,\n  category_name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  products\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> categories <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">USING<\/span> (category_id);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=Q1JFQVRFIFZJRVcgcHJvZHVjdF92aWV3IEFTIFNFTEVDVCBwcm9kdWN0X2lkLCBwcm9kdWN0X25hbWUsIHByaWNlLCBjYXRlZ29yeV9uYW1lIEZST00gcHJvZHVjdHMgSk9JTiBjYXRlZ29yaWVzIFVTSU5HIChjYXRlZ29yeV9pZCk7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After creating the <code>product_view<\/code> view, you can query the data from it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='querying-data-using-views'>Querying data using views <a href=\"#querying-data-using-views\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"querying-data-using-views\" title=\"Anchor for Querying data using views\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example uses the <code>SELECT<\/code> statement to query data from the based tables via the <code>product_view<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  product_name,\n  category_name,\n  price\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  product_view;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=U0VMRUNUIHByb2R1Y3RfbmFtZSwgY2F0ZWdvcnlfbmFtZSwgcHJpY2UgRlJPTSBwcm9kdWN0X3ZpZXc7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this query, we use the <code>product_view<\/code> like a regular table. When PostgreSQL receives the query, it does the following steps:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>First, execute the defining query of the product view.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Second, select data from the result set returned by the defining query.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Technically, it&#8217;ll execute the following query:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  product_name,\n  brand_name,\n  price\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  (\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n      product_id,\n      product_name,\n      price,\n      category_name\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n      products\n      <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> categories <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">USING<\/span> (category_id)\n  ) t;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=U0VMRUNUIHByb2R1Y3RfbmFtZSwgYnJhbmRfbmFtZSwgcHJpY2UgRlJPTSAoIFNFTEVDVCBwcm9kdWN0X2lkLCBwcm9kdWN0X25hbWUsIHByaWNlLCBjYXRlZ29yeV9uYW1lIEZST00gcHJvZHVjdHMgSk9JTiBjYXRlZ29yaWVzIFVTSU5HIChjYXRlZ29yeV9pZCkgKSB0Ow%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In this example, we use the <code>product_view<\/code> to simplify a query that includes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-inner-join\/\">joins<\/a>. Additionally, we can reuse the <code>product_view<\/code> in other queries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, we can retrieve <code>categories<\/code> and the most expensive product price in each by querying from the <code>product_view<\/code> as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  category_name,\n  MAX(price) price\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  product_view\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GROUP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span>\n  category_name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span>\n  price;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=U0VMRUNUIGNhdGVnb3J5X25hbWUsIE1BWChwcmljZSkgcHJpY2UgRlJPTSBwcm9kdWN0X3ZpZXcgR1JPVVAgQlkgY2F0ZWdvcnlfbmFtZSBPUkRFUiBCWSBwcmljZTs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This query is more simple than the one that uses joins:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  category_name,\n  MAX(price) price\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  products\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> categories <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">USING<\/span> (category_id)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GROUP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span>\n  category_name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ORDER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BY<\/span>\n  price;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=U0VMRUNUIGNhdGVnb3J5X25hbWUsIE1BWChwcmljZSkgcHJpY2UgRlJPTSBwcm9kdWN0cyBKT0lOIGNhdGVnb3JpZXMgVVNJTkcgKGNhdGVnb3J5X2lkKSBHUk9VUCBCWSBjYXRlZ29yeV9uYW1lIE9SREVSIEJZIHByaWNlOw%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='replacing-views'>Replacing views <a href=\"#replacing-views\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"replacing-views\" title=\"Anchor for Replacing views\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to modify an existing view, you can use the <code>OR REPLACE<\/code> clause in the <code>CREATE VIEW<\/code> statement:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">OR REPLACE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VIEW<\/span> view_name \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> query;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The <code>CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW<\/code> will create the <code>view_name<\/code> if it does not exist or replace the existing one if it does.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example replaces the <code>product_view<\/code> by adding the <code>brand_name<\/code> column from the brands table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">OR REPLACE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> product_view <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  product_id,\n  product_name,\n  price,\n  category_name,\n  brand_name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  products\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> categories <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">USING<\/span> (category_id)\n  <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">JOIN<\/span> brands <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">USING<\/span> (brand_id);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=Q1JFQVRFIE9SIFJFUExBQ0UgVEFCTEUgcHJvZHVjdF92aWV3IEFTIFNFTEVDVCBwcm9kdWN0X2lkLCBwcm9kdWN0X25hbWUsIHByaWNlLCBjYXRlZ29yeV9uYW1lLCBicmFuZF9uYW1lIEZST00gcHJvZHVjdHMgSk9JTiBjYXRlZ29yaWVzIFVTSU5HIChjYXRlZ29yeV9pZCkgSk9JTiBicmFuZHMgVVNJTkcgKGJyYW5kX2lkKTs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='creating-a-view-based-on-other-views'>Creating a view based on other views <a href=\"#creating-a-view-based-on-other-views\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"creating-a-view-based-on-other-views\" title=\"Anchor for Creating a view based on other views\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>PostgreSQL allows you to create a view based on other views. For example, the following creates a view called <code>smartphone_view<\/code> based on the <code>product_view<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-9\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">OR REPLACE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VIEW<\/span> smartphone_view <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  product_id,\n  product_name,\n  price,\n  brand_name\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  product_view\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span>\n  category_name = <span class=\"hljs-string\">'Smartphones'<\/span>;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-9\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=Q1JFQVRFIE9SIFJFUExBQ0UgVklFVyBzbWFydHBob25lX3ZpZXcgQVMgU0VMRUNUIHByb2R1Y3RfaWQsIHByb2R1Y3RfbmFtZSwgcHJpY2UsIGJyYW5kX25hbWUgRlJPTSBwcm9kdWN0X3ZpZXcgV0hFUkUgY2F0ZWdvcnlfbmFtZSA9ICdTbWFydHBob25lcyc7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='removing-a-view'>Removing a view <a href=\"#removing-a-view\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"removing-a-view\" title=\"Anchor for Removing a view\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>DROP VIEW<\/code> allows you to delete a view from the database permanently:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-10\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DROP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VIEW<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IF<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXISTS<\/span> view_name;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-10\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>PostgreSQL does not allow you to drop a view that has another view depending on it. To drop a view that has dependencies, you can use the <code>CASCADE<\/code> option:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-11\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DROP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VIEW<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IF<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXISTS<\/span> view_name <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CASCADE<\/span>;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-11\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The <code>CASCADE<\/code> option will drop the views (and other objects) that depend on the <code>view_name<\/code> and, in turn, all objects that depend on those objects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, the following statement drops the <code>product_view<\/code> and its dependent views:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-12\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DROP<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VIEW<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IF<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXISTS<\/span> product_view <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CASCADE<\/span>;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-12\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=RFJPUCBWSUVXIElGIEVYSVNUUyBwcm9kdWN0X3ZpZXcgQ0FTQ0FERTs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='summary'>Summary <a href=\"#summary\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"summary\" title=\"Anchor for Summary\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>A view is a named query stored in the PostgreSQL database server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A view can help simplify a complex query.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='quiz'>Quiz <a href=\"#quiz\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"quiz\" title=\"Anchor for Quiz\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\"\n  name=\"quiz\"\n  src=\"\/quiz\/?quiz=view\"\n  height=\"700\"\n  width=\"600\"\n  class=\"iframe\"\n><\/iframe>\n\n<div class=\"helpful-block-content\" data-title=\"\">\n\t<header>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-question\">Was this tutorial helpful ?<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-thumbs\">\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"675\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-view\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"PostgreSQL View\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"1\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-yes-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"none\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke=\"currentColor\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-width=\"2\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linecap=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"feather feather-thumbs-up block w-full h-full\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t<path\n\t\t\t\t\t\td=\"M14 9V5a3 3 0 0 0-3-3l-4 9v11h11.28a2 2 0 0 0 2-1.7l1.38-9a2 2 0 0 0-2-2.3zM7 22H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-7a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h3\"\n\t\t\t\t\t><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\"> Yes 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