{"id":556,"date":"2024-12-02T08:38:31","date_gmt":"2024-12-02T01:38:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/?page_id=556"},"modified":"2025-01-02T13:40:16","modified_gmt":"2025-01-02T06:40:16","slug":"postgresql-integer","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-integer\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL Integer Data Types"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: In this tutorial, you&#8217;ll learn about PostgreSQL integer types, including&nbsp;<code>SMALLINT<\/code>,&nbsp;<code>INTEGER<\/code>, and&nbsp;<code>BIGINT<\/code>, to store integers in the database.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='getting-started-with-postgresql-integer-types'>Getting started with PostgreSQL integer types <a href=\"#getting-started-with-postgresql-integer-types\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"getting-started-with-postgresql-integer-types\" title=\"Anchor for Getting started with PostgreSQL integer types\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>PostgreSQL supports the following integer data types for storing integers:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>SMALLINT<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>INTEGER<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>BIGINT<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The table below presents the specifications for each integer type:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Name<\/th><th>Storage Size<\/th><th>Minimum value<\/th><th>Maximum  value<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><code>SMALLINT<\/code><\/td><td>2 bytes<\/td><td>-32,768<\/td><td>+32,767<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>INTEGER<\/code><\/td><td>4 bytes<\/td><td>-2,147,483,648<\/td><td>+2,147,483,647<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>BIGINT<\/code><\/td><td>8 bytes<\/td><td>-9,223,372,036,854,775,808<\/td><td>+9,223,372,036,854,775,807<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>If you try to insert or update a value beyond the allowed ranges, PostgreSQL will generate an error.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='smallint'>SMALLINT <a href=\"#smallint\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"smallint\" title=\"Anchor for SMALLINT\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>SMALLINT<\/code> data type requires 2 bytes of storage and can store integer values ranging from <code>-32,767<\/code> to <code>32,767<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In practice, you can use the&nbsp;<code>SMALLINT<\/code>&nbsp;type for storing small-range integer values like student grades, product quantities, and people&#8217;s ages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, the following statement <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-create-table\/\">CREATE TABLE<\/a> statement creates a <code>people<\/code> table for storing personal information including name and age:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> people (\n  id <span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GENERATED<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ALWAYS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IDENTITY<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">PRIMARY KEY<\/span>,\n  <span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">VARCHAR<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">100<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NULL<\/span>,\n  age <span class=\"hljs-type\">SMALLINT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NULL<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CHECK<\/span> (\n    age &gt;= <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AND<\/span> age &lt;= <span class=\"hljs-number\">150<\/span>\n  )\n);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In the people table, the <code>age<\/code> column is a <code>SMALLINT<\/code> column. Because <code>age<\/code> can be from <code>1<\/code> to <code>150<\/code>, we use a <code><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-check-constraint\/\">CHECK<\/a><\/code> constraint to enforce this rule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='integer'>INTEGER <a href=\"#integer\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"integer\" title=\"Anchor for INTEGER\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>INTEGER<\/code> data type is the most common choice among integer types because it provides the best balance between storage size, range, and performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;<code>INTEGER<\/code>&nbsp;type requires 4 bytes of storage and can store numbers in the range of (<code>-2,147,483,648<\/code> to <code>2,147,483,647<\/code>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><code>INT<\/code> is the synonym of the <code>INTEGER<\/code> so that you can use them interchangeably.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In practice, you can use the&nbsp;<code>INTEGER<\/code>&nbsp;data type for a column that stores quite large whole numbers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, the following creates a table that has an <code>INTEGER<\/code> column:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> inventories (\n  id <span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GENERATED<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ALWAYS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IDENTITY<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">PRIMARY KEY<\/span>,\n  <span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">VARCHAR<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">255<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NULL<\/span>,\n  quantity <span class=\"hljs-type\">INTEGER<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NULL<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CHECK<\/span> (quantity &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>)\n);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='bigint'>BIGINT <a href=\"#bigint\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"bigint\" title=\"Anchor for BIGINT\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;BIGINT&nbsp;type requires an 8-byte storage size that can store any number from <code>-9,223,372,036,854,775,808<\/code> to <code>+9,223,372,036,854,775,807<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, the following creates a table videos for storing video data including video views:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> videos (\n  id <span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GENERATED<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ALWAYS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IDENTITY<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">PRIMARY KEY<\/span>,\n  title <span class=\"hljs-type\">VARCHAR<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">255<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NULL<\/span>,\n  description <span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span>,\n  view_count <span class=\"hljs-type\">BIGINT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CHECK<\/span> (view_count &gt; <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>)\n);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Notice that the <code>BIGINT<\/code>&nbsp;data type consumes more storage than <code>SMALLINT<\/code> and <code>INT<\/code> and may decrease database performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='summary'>Summary <a href=\"#summary\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"summary\" title=\"Anchor for Summary\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use&nbsp;PostgreSQL integer types, including <code>SMALLINT<\/code>, <code>INT<\/code>, and <code>BIGINT<\/code>, to store integers in the database.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='quiz'>Quiz <a href=\"#quiz\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"quiz\" title=\"Anchor for Quiz\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\"\n  name=\"quiz\"\n  src=\"\/quiz\/?quiz=int\"\n  height=\"700\"\n  width=\"600\"\n  class=\"iframe\"\n><\/iframe>\n\n<div class=\"helpful-block-content\" data-title=\"\">\n\t<header>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-question\">Was this tutorial helpful ?<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-thumbs\">\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"556\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-integer\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"PostgreSQL Integer Data Types\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"1\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-yes-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"none\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke=\"currentColor\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-width=\"2\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linecap=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"feather feather-thumbs-up block w-full h-full\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t<path\n\t\t\t\t\t\td=\"M14 9V5a3 3 0 0 0-3-3l-4 9v11h11.28a2 2 0 0 0 2-1.7l1.38-9a2 2 0 0 0-2-2.3zM7 22H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-7a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h3\"\n\t\t\t\t\t><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\"> Yes <\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"556\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-integer\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"PostgreSQL Integer Data Types\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-no-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"none\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke=\"currentColor\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-width=\"2\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linecap=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t<path\n\t\t\t\t\t\td=\"M10 15v4a3 3 0 0 0 3 3l4-9V2H5.72a2 2 0 0 0-2 1.7l-1.38 9a2 2 0 0 0 2 2.3zm7-13h2.67A2.31 2.31 0 0 1 22 4v7a2.31 2.31 0 0 1-2.33 2H17\"\n\t\t\t\t\t><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\"> No <\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n\n\t<div class=\"wth-form hidden\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-form-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wth-title\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<textarea class=\"wth-message\"><\/textarea>\n\n\t\t\t<button class=\"btn btn-primary wth-btn-submit\">Send<\/button>\n\t\t\t<button class=\"btn wth-btn-cancel\">Cancel<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Summary: In this tutorial, you&#8217;ll learn about PostgreSQL integer types, including&nbsp;SMALLINT,&nbsp;INTEGER, and&nbsp;BIGINT, to store integers in the database. Getting started with PostgreSQL integer types # PostgreSQL supports the following integer data types for storing integers: The table below presents the specifications for each integer type: Name Storage Size Minimum value Maximum value SMALLINT 2 bytes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":13,"menu_order":41,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-556","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>PostgreSQL Integer Data Type<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this tutorial, you&#039;ll learn about PostgreSQL integer types, including\u00a0SMALLINT,\u00a0INTEGER, and\u00a0BIGINT, to store integers in the database.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" 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