{"id":2061,"date":"2025-02-12T15:04:49","date_gmt":"2025-02-12T08:04:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/?page_id=2061"},"modified":"2025-03-07T13:26:43","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T06:26:43","slug":"postgresql-xml","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-xml\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL XML Data Type"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you&#8217;ll learn how to use the PostgreSQL XML data type to store XML data in the database.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='postgresql-xml-data-type-overview'>PostgreSQL XML Data Type Overview <a href=\"#postgresql-xml-data-type-overview\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"postgresql-xml-data-type-overview\" title=\"Anchor for PostgreSQL XML Data Type Overview\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>PostgreSQL supports built-in <code>XML<\/code> data type that allows you to store well-formed XML documents and XML fragments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To define a column of the <code>XML<\/code> type, you use the following syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-built_in\">column_name<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">XML<\/span><\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The built-in XML data type has the following advantages over using <code>TEXT<\/code> data type to store XML:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Type safety<\/strong>: PostgreSQL validates XML, ensuring the XML data is valid.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Built-in functions<\/strong>: PostgreSQL offers built-in functions to help you manipulate XML data effectively.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='postgresql-xml-example'>PostgreSQL XML Example <a href=\"#postgresql-xml-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"postgresql-xml-example\" title=\"Anchor for PostgreSQL XML Example\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>First, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-create-table\/\">create a new table<\/a> called <code>xproducts<\/code> that stores product data:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> xproducts (\n  id <span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">GENERATED<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ALWAYS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IDENTITY<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">PRIMARY KEY<\/span>,\n  data <span class=\"hljs-type\">XML<\/span>\n);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?db=blank&amp;q=Q1JFQVRFIFRBQkxFIHhwcm9kdWN0cyAoIGlkIElOVCBHRU5FUkFURUQgQUxXQVlTIEFTIElERU5USVRZIFBSSU1BUlkgS0VZLCBkYXRhIFhNTCApOw%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the <code>xproducts<\/code> table, the <code>data<\/code> column has a type of XML that stores the XML data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Second, insert a new row into the <code>xproducts<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span>\n  xproducts (data)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span>\n  (\n    XMLPARSE(\n      <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DOCUMENT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'&lt;?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?&gt;&lt;product&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0&lt;name&gt;Samsung Galaxy S24&lt;\/name&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0&lt;price&gt;999.99&lt;\/price&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0&lt;safety_stock&gt;10&lt;\/safety_stock&gt;\n&lt;\/product&gt;'<\/span>\n    )\n  ),\n  (\n    XMLPARSE(\n      <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DOCUMENT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'&lt;?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?&gt;&lt;product&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0&lt;name&gt;Apple iPhone 15&lt;\/name&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0&lt;price&gt;1099.99&lt;\/price&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0&lt;safety_stock&gt;20&lt;\/safety_stock&gt;\n&lt;\/product&gt;'<\/span>\n    )\n  ),\n  (\n    XMLPARSE(\n      <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DOCUMENT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-string\">'&lt;?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?&gt;&lt;product&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0&lt;name&gt;Huawei Mate 60&lt;\/name&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0&lt;price&gt;899.99&lt;\/price&gt;\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0&lt;safety_stock&gt;30&lt;\/safety_stock&gt;\n&lt;\/product&gt;'<\/span>\n    )\n  );<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this statement:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>DOCUMENT<\/code>&nbsp;instructs PostgreSQL that the following string is a complete XML document.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>XMLPARSE<\/code>&nbsp;function converts the string into an XML document.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The&nbsp;<code>INSERT<\/code>&nbsp;statement inserts a new row into the <code>xproducts<\/code> table.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Third, retrieve the product names from the XML data using the <code>xpath<\/code> function:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/name\/text()'<\/span>, data) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  xproducts;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?db=blank&amp;q=U0VMRUNUIHhwYXRoKCcvcHJvZHVjdC9uYW1lL3RleHQoKScsIGRhdGEpIEFTIG5hbWUgRlJPTSB4cHJvZHVjdHM7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"plaintext\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"plaintext\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-plaintext\">          name\n------------------------\n {\"Samsung Galaxy S24\"}\n {\"Apple iPhone 15\"}\n {\"Huawei Mate 60\"}<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">plaintext<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">plaintext<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The XPath&nbsp;<code>'\/product\/name\/text()'<\/code>&nbsp;returns the text value of the name node of the XML document.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The result set contains the rows where each is an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-array\/\">array<\/a> of XML values representing product names.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Since each product has only one name, the array has only one element.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Fourth, retrieve the product names, and prices and cast them to the corresponding data types:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  (xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/name\/text()'<\/span>, data)) &#91;<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]::<span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">name<\/span>,\n  (xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/price\/text()'<\/span>, data)) &#91;<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]::<span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-type\">DEC<\/span> price,\n  (xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/safety_stock\/text()'<\/span>, data)) &#91;<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]::<span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span> safety_stock\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  xproducts;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"plaintext\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"plaintext\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-plaintext\">        name        |  price  | safety_stock\n--------------------+---------+--------------\n Samsung Galaxy S24 |  999.99 |           10\n Apple iPhone 15    | 1099.99 |           20\n Huawei Mate 60     |  899.99 |           30<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">plaintext<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">plaintext<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s break down this expression:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\">(xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/name\/text()'<\/span>, data)) &#91;<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]::<span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span><\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this expression:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>(xpath('\/product\/name\/text()', data))<\/code> returns an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-array\/\">array<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>[1]<\/code> returns the first element.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>::TEXT<\/code> casts an <code>XML<\/code> value to a value of <code>TEXT<\/code> data type.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The following expression casts an <code>XML<\/code> value to a <code>TEXT<\/code> value first before casting the <code>TEXT<\/code> value to a decimal:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-9\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\">(xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/price\/text()'<\/span>, data)) &#91;<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]::<span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-type\">DEC<\/span><\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-9\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Similarly, The following expression casts an <code>XML<\/code> value to a <code>TEXT<\/code> value first before casting the text to an integer:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-10\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\">(xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/safety_stock\/text()'<\/span>, data)) &#91;<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>]::<span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span>::<span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span><\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-10\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='performance'>Performance <a href=\"#performance\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"performance\" title=\"Anchor for Performance\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>When you query data from the <code>xproducts<\/code> table, PostgreSQL has to scan the whole table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If the performance is critical and the <code>xproducts<\/code> table has many rows, you can create an index for the XML column to improve performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, create a functional-index that extracts the names of products as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-array\/\">an array<\/a> of text:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-11\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INDEX<\/span> product_name_idx \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ON<\/span> xproducts \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">USING<\/span> BTREE (cast(xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/name'<\/span>, data) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span>&#91;]));<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-11\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Second, create a function that insert rows into the <code>xproducts<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-12\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FUNCTION<\/span> insert_products (<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">row_count<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span>) \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">RETURNS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">VOID<\/span> \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">LANGUAGE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SQL<\/span> \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> \n$$<span class=\"xml\">\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0INSERT INTO xproducts (data)\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0SELECT\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0XMLPARSE(DOCUMENT '<span class=\"hljs-meta\">&lt;?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?&gt;<\/span>\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;<span class=\"hljs-name\">product<\/span>&gt;<\/span>\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;<span class=\"hljs-name\">name<\/span>&gt;<\/span>' || 'Person' || generate_series || '<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;\/<span class=\"hljs-name\">name<\/span>&gt;<\/span>\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;<span class=\"hljs-name\">price<\/span>&gt;<\/span>' || generate_series || '<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;\/<span class=\"hljs-name\">price<\/span>&gt;<\/span>\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;<span class=\"hljs-name\">safety_stock<\/span>&gt;<\/span>' || generate_series || '<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;\/<span class=\"hljs-name\">safety_stock<\/span>&gt;<\/span>\n\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<span class=\"hljs-tag\">&lt;\/<span class=\"hljs-name\">product<\/span>&gt;<\/span>')\n\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0FROM generate_series(1, row_count);\n$$<\/span>;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-12\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Third, call the\u00a0<code>insert_products<\/code> function to insert <code>500<\/code> rows into the\u00a0<code>xproducts<\/code>\u00a0table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-13\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> insert_products(<span class=\"hljs-number\">500<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-13\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Finally, find the products with the name <code>'Product 160'<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-14\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXPLAIN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">ANALYZE<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span>\n  *\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n  xproducts\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span>\n  cast(xpath(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'\/product\/name'<\/span>, data) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-type\">TEXT<\/span>&#91;]) = <span class=\"hljs-string\">'{&lt;name&gt;Product 160&lt;\/name&gt;}'<\/span>;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-14\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Output:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-15\" data-shcb-language-name=\"plaintext\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"plaintext\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-plaintext\">                                                         QUERY PLAN\n\n-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n Index Scan using product_name_idx on xproducts  (cost=0.27..8.28 rows=1 width=36) (actual time=0.048..0.048 rows=0 loops=1)\n   Index Cond: ((xpath('\/product\/name'::text, data, '{}'::text&#91;]))::text&#91;] = '{\"&lt;name&gt;Product 160&lt;\/name&gt;\"}'::text&#91;])\n Planning Time: 0.268 ms\n Execution Time: 0.087 ms<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-15\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">plaintext<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">plaintext<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The output indicates that the query uses the index for filtering rows in the <code>xproducts<\/code> table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='summary'>Summary <a href=\"#summary\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"summary\" title=\"Anchor for Summary\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the PostgreSQL&nbsp;<code>XML<\/code>&nbsp;data type to store XML documents or fragments in the database.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use the&nbsp;<code>xpath()<\/code>&nbsp;function to retrieve a value from XML documents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='quiz'>Quiz <a href=\"#quiz\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"quiz\" 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