{"id":1513,"date":"2025-01-06T16:30:12","date_gmt":"2025-01-06T09:30:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/?page_id=1513"},"modified":"2025-01-06T16:58:36","modified_gmt":"2025-01-06T09:58:36","slug":"plpgsql-procedure","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/plpgsql\/plpgsql-procedure\/","title":{"rendered":"PL\/pgSQL Procedures"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary:<\/strong> In this tutorial, you&#8217;ll learn how to create a procedure using PL\/pgSQL in PostgreSQL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='creating-plpgsql-procedures'>Creating PL\/pgSQL Procedures <a href=\"#creating-plpgsql-procedures\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"creating-plpgsql-procedures\" title=\"Anchor for Creating PL\/pgSQL Procedures\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A procedure is a reusable piece of code stored in PostgreSQL database server, which performs a specific task. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Besides <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/plpgsql\/plpgsql-functions\/\">user-defined functions<\/a>, procedures offer a way to encapsulate complex business logic centrally at the database layer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PostgreSQL allows you to define procedures using various languages, including SQL and PL\/pgSQL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To create a procedure using PL\/pgSQL, you use the <code><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/postgresql-tutorial\/postgresql-create-procedure\/\">CREATE PROCEDURE<\/a><\/code> statement with the following syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">OR REPLACE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">PROCEDURE<\/span> procedure_name(parameters)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span>\n$$<span class=\"pgsql\">\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DECLARE<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\">-- declaration<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BEGIN<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\">-- body<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span>;\n$$<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">LANGUAGE<\/span> plpgsql;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Place the PL\/pgSQL code between a dollar-quoted string literal (<code>$$<\/code>).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Use <code>plpgsql<\/code> as the language in the <code>LANGUAGE<\/code> clause.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='creating-plpgsql-procedure-example'>Creating PL\/pgSQL procedure example <a href=\"#creating-plpgsql-procedure-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"creating-plpgsql-procedure-example\" title=\"Anchor for Creating PL\/pgSQL procedure example\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement creates a procedure called  <code>update_safety_stock<\/code> using PL\/pgSQL, which updates the safety stock of a product specified by an id from the <code>products<\/code> table:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">OR REPLACE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">PROCEDURE<\/span> update_safety_stock(\n    id <span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span>,\n    new_safety_stock <span class=\"hljs-type\">INT<\/span>\n)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">AS<\/span>\n$$<span class=\"pgsql\">\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BEGIN<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">UPDATE<\/span> products\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SET<\/span> safety_stock = new_safety_stock\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span> product_id = id;\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span>;\n$$<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">LANGUAGE<\/span> plpgsql;<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=Q1JFQVRFIE9SIFJFUExBQ0UgUFJPQ0VEVVJFIHVwZGF0ZV9zYWZldHlfc3RvY2soCiAgICBpZCBJTlQsCiAgICBuZXdfc2FmZXR5X3N0b2NrIElOVAopCkFTCiQkCkJFR0lOCiAgICBVUERBVEUgcHJvZHVjdHMKICAgIFNFVCBzYWZldHlfc3RvY2sgPSBuZXdfc2FmZXR5X3N0b2NrCiAgICBXSEVSRSBwcm9kdWN0X2lkID0gaWQ7CkVORDsKJCQKTEFOR1VBR0UgcGxwZ3NxbDs%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following calls the <code>update_safety_stock<\/code> procedure:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CALL<\/span> update_safety_stock(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-number\">100<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/playground\/?q=Q0FMTCB1cGRhdGVfc2FmZXR5X3N0b2NrICgxLCAxMDApOw%3D%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Try it<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='summary'>Summary <a href=\"#summary\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"summary\" title=\"Anchor for Summary\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the <code>CREATE PROCEDURE<\/code> statement with the <code>LANGUAGE plpgsql<\/code> option to create a new procedure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='quiz'>Quiz <a href=\"#quiz\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"quiz\" title=\"Anchor for Quiz\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\"\n  name=\"quiz\"\n  src=\"\/quiz\/?quiz=plpgsql-procedure\"\n  height=\"700\"\n  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Creating PL\/pgSQL Procedures # A procedure is a reusable piece of code stored in PostgreSQL database server, which performs a specific task. Besides user-defined functions, procedures offer a way to encapsulate complex business logic centrally at the database layer. PostgreSQL [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1420,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1513","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>PL\/pgSQL Procedure<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this tutorial, you&#039;ll learn how to create using PL\/pgSQL and call it in PostgreSQL.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pgtutorial.com\/plpgsql\/plpgsql-procedure\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PL\/pgSQL Procedure\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" 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