{"id":2819,"date":"2019-08-07T19:05:22","date_gmt":"2019-08-08T02:05:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/oracletutorial.com\/?page_id=2819"},"modified":"2025-05-24T19:45:17","modified_gmt":"2025-05-25T02:45:17","slug":"oracle-raise_application_error","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/","title":{"rendered":"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the procedure <code>raise_application_error<\/code> to issue user-defined error messages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='introduction-to-raise_application_error-procedure'>Introduction to raise_application_error procedure <a href=\"#introduction-to-raise_application_error-procedure\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"introduction-to-raise_application_error-procedure\" title=\"Anchor for Introduction to raise_application_error procedure\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The procedure <code>raise_application_error<\/code> allows you to issue a user-defined error from a code block or stored program.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>By using this procedure, you can report errors to the callers instead of returning unhandled <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/plsql-exception\/\">exceptions<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>raise_application_error<\/code> has the following syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\">raise_application_error(\n    error_number, \n    message \n    &#91;, {<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TRUE<\/span> | <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FALSE<\/span>}]\n);\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this syntax:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <code>error_number<\/code> is a negative integer with the range from <code>-20999<\/code> to <code>-20000<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <code>message<\/code> is a character string that represents the error message. Its length is up to <code>2048<\/code> bytes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the third parameter is <code>FALSE<\/code>, the error replaces all previous errors. If it is <code>TRUE<\/code>, the error is added to the stack of previous errors.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>raise_application_error<\/code> belongs to the package <code>DBMS_STANDARD<\/code>, therefore, you do not need to qualify references to it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When the procedure <code>raise_application_error<\/code> executes, Oracle halts the execution of the current block immediately. It also reverses all changes made to the <code>OUT<\/code> or <code>IN OUT<\/code> parameters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Note that the changes made to the global data structure such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/plsql-package\/\">packaged variables<\/a>, and database objects like tables will not be rolled back. Therefore, you must explicitly execute the <code>ROLLBACK<\/code> statement to reverse the effect of the DML.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='oracle-raise_application_error-example'>Oracle raise_application_error example <a href=\"#oracle-raise_application_error-example\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"oracle-raise_application_error-example\" title=\"Anchor for Oracle raise_application_error example\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s take a look at some examples of using the <code>raise_application_error<\/code> procedure to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/plsql-raise\/\">raise exceptions<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This example uses the <code>raise_application_error<\/code> procedure to raise an exception with id <code>-20111<\/code> and message <code>'Credit Limit Exceeded'<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"pgsql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-pgsql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">DECLARE<\/span>\n    credit_limit_exceed <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXCEPTION<\/span>;\n    PRAGMA exception_init(credit_limit_exceed, <span class=\"hljs-number\">-20111<\/span>);\n\n    l_customer_id     customers.customer_id<span class=\"hljs-meta\">%TYPE<\/span> := &amp;customer_id;\n    l_credit_limit    customers.credit_limit<span class=\"hljs-meta\">%TYPE<\/span> := &amp;credit_limit;\n\n    l_customer_credit customers.credit_limit<span class=\"hljs-meta\">%TYPE<\/span>;\n    \n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">BEGIN<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\">-- get customer credit limit<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> credit_limit <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> l_customer_credit\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span> customers\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span> customer_id = l_customer_id;\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\">-- raise an exception if the credit limit is exceeded<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IF<\/span> l_customer_credit &gt; l_credit_limit <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span>\n        raise_application_error(<span class=\"hljs-number\">-20111<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'Credit Limit Exceeded'<\/span>);\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IF<\/span>;\n    \n    dbms_output.put_line(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'Credit Limit is checked and passed'<\/span>);\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXCEPTION<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHEN<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">NO_DATA_FOUND<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">THEN<\/span>\n            dbms_output.put_line(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'Customer with id '<\/span> || l_customer_id || <span class=\"hljs-string\">' does not exist.'<\/span>);\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">END<\/span>;\n\/\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">PostgreSQL SQL dialect and PL\/pgSQL<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">pgsql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>In this example:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>First, declare a user-defined exception <code>credit_limit_exceed<\/code> associated with the error number <code>-20111<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Second, declare two variables <code>l_customer_id<\/code> and <code>l_credit_limit<\/code> to store customer id and credit limit entered by users.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Third, get the customer credit limit based on the customer id.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Finally, check the input credit with the customer credit and use the <code>raise_application_error<\/code> to raise an exception.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id='summary'>Summary <a href=\"#summary\" class=\"anchor\" id=\"summary\" title=\"Anchor for Summary\">#<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the Oracle <code>raise_application_error<\/code> procedure to raise custom, user-defined errors from PL\/SQL code.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"helpful-block-content\" data-title=\"\">\n\t<header>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-question\">Was this tutorial helpful?<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-thumbs\">\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"2819\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"1\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-yes-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"none\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke=\"currentColor\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-width=\"2\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linecap=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"feather feather-thumbs-up block w-full h-full\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t<path\n\t\t\t\t\t\td=\"M14 9V5a3 3 0 0 0-3-3l-4 9v11h11.28a2 2 0 0 0 2-1.7l1.38-9a2 2 0 0 0-2-2.3zM7 22H4a2 2 0 0 1-2-2v-7a2 2 0 0 1 2-2h3\"\n\t\t\t\t\t><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\"> Yes <\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"2819\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-no-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"none\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke=\"currentColor\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-width=\"2\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linecap=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t<path\n\t\t\t\t\t\td=\"M10 15v4a3 3 0 0 0 3 3l4-9V2H5.72a2 2 0 0 0-2 1.7l-1.38 9a2 2 0 0 0 2 2.3zm7-13h2.67A2.31 2.31 0 0 1 22 4v7a2.31 2.31 0 0 1-2.33 2H17\"\n\t\t\t\t\t><\/path>\n\t\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"sr-only\"> No <\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/header>\n\n\t<div class=\"wth-form hidden\">\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-form-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wth-title\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<textarea class=\"wth-message\"><\/textarea>\n\n\t\t\t<button class=\"btn btn-primary wth-btn-submit\">Send<\/button>\n\t\t\t<button class=\"btn wth-btn-cancel\">Cancel<\/button>\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the Oracle raise_application_error to issue user-defined error messages.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1418,"menu_order":17,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2819","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR By Examples<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR to issue user-defined error messages.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR By Examples\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR to issue user-defined error messages.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Oracle Tutorial\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-25T02:45:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/plsql-tutorial\\\/oracle-raise_application_error\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/plsql-tutorial\\\/oracle-raise_application_error\\\/\",\"name\":\"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR By Examples\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-08-08T02:05:22+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-25T02:45:17+00:00\",\"description\":\"In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR to issue user-defined error messages.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/plsql-tutorial\\\/oracle-raise_application_error\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/plsql-tutorial\\\/oracle-raise_application_error\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/plsql-tutorial\\\/oracle-raise_application_error\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"PL\\\/SQL Tutorial\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/plsql-tutorial\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Oracle Tutorial\",\"description\":\"Oracle Tutorial\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.oracletutorial.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR By Examples","description":"In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR to issue user-defined error messages.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR By Examples","og_description":"In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR to issue user-defined error messages.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/","og_site_name":"Oracle Tutorial","article_modified_time":"2025-05-25T02:45:17+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/","url":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/","name":"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR By Examples","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/#website"},"datePublished":"2019-08-08T02:05:22+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-25T02:45:17+00:00","description":"In this tutorial, you will learn how to use the Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR to issue user-defined error messages.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/oracle-raise_application_error\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"PL\/SQL Tutorial","item":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/plsql-tutorial\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Oracle RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/","name":"Oracle Tutorial","description":"Oracle Tutorial","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2819","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2819"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2819\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.oracletutorial.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2819"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}