{"id":7562,"date":"2019-04-07T23:17:03","date_gmt":"2019-04-08T06:17:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/?page_id=7562"},"modified":"2023-10-12T21:54:42","modified_gmt":"2023-10-13T04:54:42","slug":"mysql-lower","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/mysql-string-functions\/mysql-lower\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL LOWER() Function"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the MySQL LOWER(<\/code>) function to return the lowercase of a string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Introduction to MySQL LOWER() function<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

In MySQL, the LOWER()<\/code> function accepts a string argument and returns the lowercase version of that string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Here is the syntax of the LOWER()<\/code> function:<\/p>\n\n\n

LOWER(str)<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> (<\/span>sql<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
In this syntax, the str<\/code> is the argument that you want to convert to the lowercase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Alternatively, you can use the LCASE()<\/code> function which returns the same result:<\/p>\n\n\n
LCASE(str)<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> (<\/span>sql<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Note that to convert a string to uppercase, you use the UPPER()<\/a><\/code> function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
MySQL LOWER() function examples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Let’s take some examples of using the LOWER()<\/code> function.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
1) Using LOWER() function to convert a literal string to lowercase<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
This example uses the LOWER()<\/code> function to convert the string MySQL to lowercase:<\/p>\n\n\n
SELECT<\/span> \n    LOWER<\/span>('MySQL'<\/span>);<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> (<\/span>sql<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Here is the output:<\/p>\n\n\n
+----------------+\n| LOWER('MySQL'<\/span>) |\n+----------------+\n| mysql          |\n+----------------+\n1<\/span> row in<\/span> set<\/span> (0.00 sec)<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> JavaScript<\/span> (<\/span>javascript<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
2) Using LOWER() function with data in the table<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
See the following employees<\/code> table from the sample database<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"MySQL<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
This example uses the LOWER()<\/code> function to convert the first name of employees to lowercase.<\/p>\n\n\n
SELECT<\/span> \n    firstname, \n    LOWER<\/span>(firstname) lowercase\nFROM<\/span>\n    employees\nORDER<\/span> BY<\/span> \n    firstname\nLIMIT<\/span> 10<\/span>;<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> (<\/span>sql<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
The following picture shows the output:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"MySQL<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
Handling binary string data<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
The LOWER()<\/code> function is not effective when applied to the binary string data such as BINARY<\/code>, VARBINARY<\/code>, and BLOB<\/code>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Therefore, before passing this data to the LOWER() function, you need to convert the string to a nonbinary string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
See the following example:<\/p>\n\n\n
SET<\/span> @str<\/span> = BINARY<\/span> 'BINARY STRING'<\/span>;\nSELECT<\/span> LOWER<\/span>(@str<\/span>), LOWER<\/span>(CONVERT<\/span>(@str<\/span> USING<\/span> utf8mb4));<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> (<\/span>sql<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
Here is the output:<\/p>\n\n\n
+---------------+---------------+\n| LOWER(@str)   | lower_case    |\n+---------------+---------------+\n| BINARY STRING | binary string |\n+---------------+---------------+\n1<\/span> row in<\/span> set<\/span> (0.00 sec)<\/code><\/span>Code language:<\/span> JavaScript<\/span> (<\/span>javascript<\/span>)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n
As you can see clearly from the output, the LOWER()<\/code> function has no effect on the binary string.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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  • Use the MySQL LOWER()<\/code> function to convert a string to lowercase.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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