{"id":4641,"date":"2013-12-15T18:41:44","date_gmt":"2013-12-16T02:41:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/?page_id=4641"},"modified":"2024-01-05T01:47:01","modified_gmt":"2024-01-05T08:47:01","slug":"mysql-find_in_set","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/mysql-string-functions\/mysql-find_in_set\/","title":{"rendered":"MySQL FIND_IN_SET Function"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Summary<\/strong>: in this tutorial, you will learn how to use the MySQL <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code>&nbsp;function to return the position of a string in a comma-separated list of strings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction to MySQL FIND_IN_SET() function<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>MySQL provides a built-in string function called <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> that allows you to find the position of a string within a comma-separated list of strings.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following illustrates the syntax of the <code>FIND_IN_SET<\/code> function:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\">FIND_IN_SET(needle,haystack);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>The <code>FIND_IN_SET<\/code> function accepts two parameters:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>needle<\/code> is the string that you want to find.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>haystack<\/code> is a list of comma-separated strings that are to be searched.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function returns an integer or <code>NULL<\/code> depending on the value of the arguments:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Return a <code>NULL<\/code> value if either <code>needle<\/code> or <code>haystack<\/code> is <code>NULL<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Return zero if the <code>needle<\/code> is not in the <code>haystack<\/code> or the <code>haystack<\/code> is an empty string.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Return a positive integer if the <code>needle<\/code> is in the <code>haystack<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"note\">Note that the function will not work properly if the <code>needle<\/code> contains a comma (<code>,<\/code>). In addition, MySQL will use the bit arithmetic optimization if the <code>needle<\/code> is a constant string and the <code>haystack<\/code> is a column of type <code>SET<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The MySQL FIND_IN_SET() examples<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Let&#8217;s take some examples to understand how the MySQL <code>FIND_IN_SET<\/code> works.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1) Simple FIND_IN_SET() function examples<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement returns 2 because <code>y<\/code> has the second position in <code>'x,y,z'<\/code> string.<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> FIND_IN_SET(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'y'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'x,y,z'<\/span>); <span class=\"hljs-comment\">-- 2<\/span><\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a class=\"sql\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/tryit\/query\/mysql-find_in_set\/#2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Try It Out<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement returns 0 because <code>a<\/code> is not in the <code>'x,y,z'<\/code> list.<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> FIND_IN_SET(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'a'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'x,y,z'<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a class=\"sql\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/tryit\/query\/mysql-find_in_set\/#3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Try It Out<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement also returns 0 because the second argument is empty.<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> FIND_IN_SET(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'a'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">''<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a class=\"sql\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/tryit\/query\/mysql-find_in_set\/#4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Try It Out<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement returns <code>NULL<\/code> because the first argument is <code>NULL<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-5\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> FIND_IN_SET(<span class=\"hljs-literal\">NULL<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'x,y,z'<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-5\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a class=\"sql\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/tryit\/query\/mysql-find_in_set\/#5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Try It Out<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following statement also returns <code>NULL<\/code> because the second argument is <code>NULL<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-6\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> FIND_IN_SET(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'a'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-literal\">NULL<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-6\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p><a class=\"sql\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/tryit\/query\/mysql-find_in_set\/#6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Try It Out<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2) Using the FIND_IN_SET() function to query data from a table example<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>First, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/mysql-basics\/mysql-create-table\/\">create a new table<\/a> named <code>divisions<\/code> using the following statement.<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-7\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">CREATE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">TABLE<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IF<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">EXISTS<\/span> divisions (\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">id<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">INT<\/span> AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">KEY<\/span>,\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">name<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">VARCHAR<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">25<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">NULL<\/span>,\n    belts <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">VARCHAR<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-number\">200<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">NULL<\/span>\n);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-7\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Second, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/mysql-basics\/mysql-insert\/\">insert<\/a> some rows into the &nbsp;<code>divisions<\/code> table.<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-8\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INSERT<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">INTO<\/span> divisions(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">name<\/span>,belts)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">VALUES<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-1'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'white,yellow,orange'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-2'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'purple,green,blue'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-3'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'brown,red,black'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-4'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'white,yellow,orange'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-5'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'purple,green,blue'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-6'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'brown,red'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-7'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'black'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-8'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'white,yellow,orange'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-9'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'purple,green,blue'<\/span>),\n\t(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-10'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'brown,red'<\/span>);\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-8\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>Third, find the division that accepts the <code>red<\/code> belt using the <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-9\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">name<\/span>, \n    belts\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    divisions\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span>\n    FIND_IN_SET(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'red'<\/span>, belts);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-9\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-4660 size-full\" title=\"MySQL FIND_IN_SET example\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/MySQL-FIND_IN_SET-example.jpg\" alt=\"MySQL FIND_IN_SET example\" width=\"164\" height=\"86\"><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Negating FIND_IN_SET() function<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function returns zero, which is <code>false<\/code> in MySQL, when the first argument is not found in the second argument. Hence, you can negate the <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function using the <code>NOT<\/code> operator.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The following example uses the <code>NOT<\/code> operator with the <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function to find the divisions that do not accept the black belt:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-10\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">name<\/span>, belts\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    divisions\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">NOT<\/span> FIND_IN_SET(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'black'<\/span>, belts);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-10\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"184\" height=\"196\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/MySQL-FIND_IN_SET-function-example.jpg\" alt=\"MySQL FIND_IN_SET function example\" class=\"wp-image-4661\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">MySQL FIND_IN_SET() function vs. IN operator<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/mysql-basics\/mysql-in\/\">IN<\/a><\/code> operator determines whether a value matches any value in a set. The following example uses the <code>IN<\/code> operator to find the division whose name is <code>O-1<\/code> or <code>O-2<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-11\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">name<\/span>, belts\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    divisions\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">name<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">IN<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-1'<\/span> , <span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-2'<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-11\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"183\" height=\"66\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/MySQL-FIND_IN_SET-vs-IN-operator.jpg\" alt=\"MySQL FIND_IN_SET vs IN operator\" class=\"wp-image-4662\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>This statement uses the <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function and returns the same result as the above query:<\/p>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-12\" data-shcb-language-name=\"SQL (Structured Query Language)\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"sql\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-sql\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">SELECT<\/span> \n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">name<\/span>, \n    belts\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">FROM<\/span>\n    divisions\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">WHERE<\/span>\n    FIND_IN_SET(<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">name<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'O-1,O-2'<\/span>);<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-12\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">SQL (Structured Query Language)<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">sql<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre>\n\n\n<p>So the <code>column IN (x, y, z)<\/code> expression is the same as <code>FIND_IN_SET(column, 'x,y,z')<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The <code>IN<\/code> operator can take multiple arguments separated by a comma, while the <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function can take&nbsp;only two arguments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In practice, you use the <code>IN<\/code> operator to match a value against a list of values, you use the <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function to match a value with a comma-separated list of values.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Summary<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Use the MySQL <code>FIND_IN_SET()<\/code> function to find a string in a comma-separated list of strings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"helpful-block-content\" data-title=\"\">\n\t<header>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-question\">Was this tutorial helpful? <\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"wth-thumbs\">\n\t\t\t<button\n\t\t\t\tdata-post=\"4641\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-url=\"https:\/\/www.mysqltutorial.org\/mysql-string-functions\/mysql-find_in_set\/\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-post-title=\"MySQL FIND_IN_SET Function\"\n\t\t\t\tdata-response=\"1\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"wth-btn-rounded wth-yes-btn\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t<svg\n\t\t\t\t\txmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"\n\t\t\t\t\tviewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n\t\t\t\t\tfill=\"none\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke=\"currentColor\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-width=\"2\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linecap=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tstroke-linejoin=\"round\"\n\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"feather feather-thumbs-up block w-full h-full\"\n\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t<path\n\t\t\t\t\t\td=\"M14 9V5a3 3 0 0 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