{"id":91596,"date":"2019-05-08T13:00:20","date_gmt":"2019-05-08T10:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/?p=91596"},"modified":"2019-05-07T14:28:09","modified_gmt":"2019-05-07T11:28:09","slug":"functional-hystrix-using-spring-cloud-hystrixcommands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.javacodegeeks.com\/2019\/05\/functional-hystrix-using-spring-cloud-hystrixcommands.html","title":{"rendered":"Functional Hystrix using Spring Cloud HystrixCommands"},"content":{"rendered":"

Spring’s WebClient<\/a> provides a non-blocking client for making service to service calls.Hystrix<\/a>, though now in a maintenance mode, has been used for protecting service to service calls by preventing cascading failures, providing circuit breakers for calls to slow or faulty upstream services.<\/p>\n

In this post, I will be exploring how Spring Cloud provides a newer functional approach to wrapping a remote call with Hystrix.<\/p>\n

Consider a simple service that returns a list of entities, say a list of cities, modeled using the excellentWiremock<\/a> tool:<\/p>\n

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WIREMOCK_SERVER.stubFor(WireMock.get(WireMock.urlMatching(<\/code>\"\/cities\"<\/code>))<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.withHeader(<\/code>\"Accept\"<\/code>, WireMock.equalTo(<\/code>\"application\/json\"<\/code>))<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.willReturn(WireMock.aResponse()<\/code><\/div>\n
                        <\/code>.withStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value())<\/code><\/div>\n
                        <\/code>.withFixedDelay(<\/code>5000<\/code>)<\/code><\/div>\n
                        <\/code>.withHeader(<\/code>\"Content-Type\"<\/code>, <\/code>\"application\/json\"<\/code>)))<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

When called with a uri of the type “\/cities” this Wiremock endpoint responds with a json of the following type:<\/p>\n

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[<\/code><\/div>\n
  <\/code>{<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"country\"<\/code>: <\/code>\"USA\"<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"id\"<\/code>: <\/code>1<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"name\"<\/code>: <\/code>\"Portland\"<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"pop\"<\/code>: <\/code>1600000<\/code><\/div>\n
  <\/code>},<\/code><\/div>\n
  <\/code>{<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"country\"<\/code>: <\/code>\"USA\"<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"id\"<\/code>: <\/code>2<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"name\"<\/code>: <\/code>\"Seattle\"<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"pop\"<\/code>: <\/code>3200000<\/code><\/div>\n
  <\/code>},<\/code><\/div>\n
  <\/code>{<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"country\"<\/code>: <\/code>\"USA\"<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"id\"<\/code>: <\/code>3<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"name\"<\/code>: <\/code>\"SFO\"<\/code>,<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>\"pop\"<\/code>: <\/code>6400000<\/code><\/div>\n
  <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
]<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

after a delay of 5 seconds.<\/p>\n

Traditional approach<\/h2>\n

There are many approaches to using Hystrix, I have traditionally preferred an approach where an explicit Hystrix Command protects the remote call, along these lines:<\/p>\n

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import<\/code> com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommandGroupKey<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommandKey<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommandProperties<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixObservableCommand<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.bk.samples.model.City<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.slf4j.Logger<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.slf4j.LoggerFactory<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.http.MediaType<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.bodyToFlux<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.web.util.UriComponentsBuilder<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> reactor.core.publisher.Flux<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> rx.Observable<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> rx.RxReactiveStreams<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> rx.schedulers.Schedulers<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> java.net.URI<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
class<\/code> CitiesHystrixCommand(<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>private<\/code> val webClientBuilder: WebClient.Builder,<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>private<\/code> val citiesBaseUrl: String<\/code><\/div>\n
) : HystrixObservableCommand<City>(<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>HystrixObservableCommand.Setter<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.withGroupKey(HystrixCommandGroupKey.Factory.asKey(<\/code>\"cities-service\"<\/code>))<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.andCommandKey(HystrixCommandKey.Factory.asKey(<\/code>\"cities-service\"<\/code>))<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.andCommandPropertiesDefaults(HystrixCommandProperties.Setter()<\/code><\/div>\n
                        <\/code>.withExecutionTimeoutInMilliseconds(<\/code>4000<\/code>))) {<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>override fun construct(): Observable<City> {<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>val buildUri: URI = UriComponentsBuilder<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.fromUriString(citiesBaseUrl)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.path(<\/code>\"\/cities\"<\/code>)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.build()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.encode()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.toUri()<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
        <\/code>val webClient: WebClient = <\/code>this<\/code>.webClientBuilder.build()<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
        <\/code>val result: Flux<City> = webClient.get()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.uri(buildUri)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.exchange()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.flatMapMany { clientResponse -><\/code><\/div>\n
                    <\/code>clientResponse.bodyToFlux<City>()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
        <\/code>return<\/code> RxReactiveStreams.toObservable(result)<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
    <\/code>override fun resumeWithFallback(): Observable<City> {<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>LOGGER.error(<\/code>\"Falling back on cities call\"<\/code>, executionException)<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>return<\/code> Observable.empty()<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
    <\/code>companion object {<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>private<\/code> val LOGGER: Logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CitiesHystrixCommand::<\/code>class<\/code>.java)<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
}<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

This code can now be used to make a remote call the following way:

<\/div> <\/div><\/p>\n
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import<\/code> org.springframework.http.MediaType<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
class<\/code> CitiesHystrixCommandBasedClient(<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>private<\/code> val webClientBuilder: WebClient.Builder,<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>private<\/code> val citiesBaseUrl: String<\/code><\/div>\n
) {<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>fun getCities(): Flux<City> {<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>val citiesObservable: Observable<City> = CitiesHystrixCommand(webClientBuilder, citiesBaseUrl)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.observe()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
        <\/code>return<\/code> Flux<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.from(RxReactiveStreams<\/code><\/div>\n
                        <\/code>.toPublisher(citiesObservable))<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
}<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Two things to note here,<\/p>\n

1.WebClient<\/a> returns a Project Reactor “Flux” type<\/a> representing a list of cities, however Hystrix is Rx-Java 1 based<\/a>, so Flux is being transformed to Rx-Java Observable using “RxReactiveStreams.toObservable()” call,provided by the RxJavaReactiveStreams library here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

2. I still want Project Reactor “Flux” type to be used in the rest of the application, so there is another adapter that converts the Rx-Java Observable back to a Flux “Flux.from(RxReactiveStreams.toPublisher(citiesObservable))” once the call wrapped in Hystrix returns.<\/p>\n

If I were to try this client with the wiremock sample with the 5 second delay, it correctly handles the delay and returns after a second.<\/p>\n

Functional approach<\/h2>\n

There is a lot of boiler-plate with the previous approach which is avoided with the new functional approach of usingHystrixCommands<\/a>, a utility class which comes with Spring Cloud which provides a functional approach to making the remote call wrapped with Hystrix.<\/p>\n

The entirety of the call using HystrixCommands looks like this:<\/p>\n

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import<\/code> com.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommandProperties<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.bk.samples.model.City<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.slf4j.Logger<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.slf4j.LoggerFactory<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.cloud.netflix.hystrix.HystrixCommands<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.http.MediaType<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.bodyToFlux<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> org.springframework.web.util.UriComponentsBuilder<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> reactor.core.publisher.Flux<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> rx.schedulers.Schedulers<\/code><\/div>\n
import<\/code> java.net.URI<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
class<\/code> CitiesFunctionalHystrixClient(<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>private<\/code> val webClientBuilder: WebClient.Builder,<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>private<\/code> val citiesBaseUrl: String<\/code><\/div>\n
) {<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>fun getCities(): Flux<City> {<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>return<\/code> HystrixCommands<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.from(callCitiesService())<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.commandName(<\/code>\"cities-service\"<\/code>)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.groupName(<\/code>\"cities-service\"<\/code>)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.commandProperties(<\/code><\/div>\n
                        <\/code>HystrixCommandProperties.Setter()<\/code><\/div>\n
                                <\/code>.withExecutionTimeoutInMilliseconds(<\/code>1000<\/code>)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.toObservable { obs -><\/code><\/div>\n
                    <\/code>obs.observe()<\/code><\/div>\n
                            <\/code>.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.fallback { t: Throwable -><\/code><\/div>\n
                    <\/code>LOGGER.error(t.message, t)<\/code><\/div>\n
                    <\/code>Flux.empty()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.toFlux()<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
    <\/code>fun callCitiesService(): Flux<City> {<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>val buildUri: URI = UriComponentsBuilder<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.fromUriString(citiesBaseUrl)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.path(<\/code>\"\/cities\"<\/code>)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.build()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.encode()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.toUri()<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
        <\/code>val webClient: WebClient = <\/code>this<\/code>.webClientBuilder.build()<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
        <\/code>return<\/code> webClient.get()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.uri(buildUri)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.exchange()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>.flatMapMany { clientResponse -><\/code><\/div>\n
                    <\/code>clientResponse.bodyToFlux<City>()<\/code><\/div>\n
                <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
    <\/code>companion object {<\/code><\/div>\n
        <\/code>private<\/code> val LOGGER: Logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CitiesHystrixCommand::<\/code>class<\/code>.java)<\/code><\/div>\n
    <\/code>}<\/code><\/div>\n
}<\/code><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

A lot of boiler-plate is avoided with this approach –<\/p>\n

1. an explicit command is not required anymore<\/p>\n

2. the call and the fallback are coded in a fluent manner<\/p>\n

3. Any overrides can be explicitly specified – in this specific instance the timeout of 1 second.<\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/h2>\n

I like the conciseness which HystrixCommands brings to the usage of Hystrix with WebClient. I have the entire sample available inmy github repo<\/a> – https:\/\/github.com\/bijukunjummen\/webclient-hystrix-sample, all the dependencies required to get the samples to work is part of this repo. If you are interested in sticking with Rx-Java 1, then an approach described
here<\/a> may help you avoid boiler-plate with vanilla Hystrix<\/p>\n

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Published on Java Code Geeks with permission by Biju Kunjummen, partner at our JCG program<\/a>. See the original article here: Functional Hystrix using Spring Cloud HystrixCommands<\/a><\/p>\n

Opinions expressed by Java Code Geeks contributors are their own.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Spring’s WebClient provides a non-blocking client for making service to service calls.Hystrix, though now in a maintenance mode, has been used for protecting service to service calls by preventing cascading failures, providing circuit breakers for calls to slow or faulty upstream services. In this post, I will be exploring how Spring Cloud provides a newer …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":236,"featured_media":240,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[854,992],"class_list":["post-91596","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-enterprise-java","tag-spring-boot","tag-spring-cloud"],"yoast_head":"\nFunctional Hystrix using Spring Cloud HystrixCommands - Java Code Geeks<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Interested to learn about Functional Hystrix? 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